考研情境詞匯

目錄

第一章政治類1

第一節(jié)國(guó)土1

第二節(jié)政治4

第三節(jié)法制9

第四節(jié)軍事17

第二章教育類22

第一節(jié)人物與機(jī)構(gòu)22

第二節(jié)教育內(nèi)容24

第三節(jié)教育方式31

第三章環(huán)保類38

第一節(jié)太空世界38

第二節(jié)美麗地球39

第三節(jié)城市和鄉(xiāng)村46

第四節(jié)秩序與方向49

第五節(jié)相關(guān)變化52

第六節(jié)動(dòng)植物57

第四章商經(jīng)類61

第一節(jié)經(jīng)濟(jì)61

第二節(jié)商業(yè)66

第三節(jié)交易68

第四節(jié)金融73

第五節(jié)工業(yè)77

第六節(jié)農(nóng)業(yè)80

第五章人文類83

第一節(jié)文明83

第二節(jié)歷史84

第三節(jié)文化85

第四節(jié)語(yǔ)言85

第五節(jié)社會(huì)87

第六節(jié)藝術(shù)89

第七節(jié)閱讀93

第六章科技類98

第一節(jié)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)98

第二節(jié)設(shè)備98

第三節(jié)移動(dòng)99

第四節(jié)新科技101

第五節(jié)信號(hào)與信息101

第七章工作類103

第一節(jié)公司103

第二節(jié)新聞媒體122

第八章健康類129

第一節(jié)生活健康129

第二節(jié)醫(yī)療健康132

第三節(jié)體育健康137

第九章心理類138

第一節(jié)物理特征138

第二節(jié)人的描述139

第三節(jié)行為描述148

第十章生活類153

第一節(jié)交通153

第二節(jié)娛樂(lè)156

第三節(jié)旅游157

第四節(jié)餐飲158

第五節(jié)購(gòu)物159

第六節(jié)建筑160

第一章政治類

第一節(jié)國(guó)土

1.1國(guó)土相關(guān)

territoryabroad

realmborder

defenseoverseas

identifyexternal

domesticinternal

domain

【真題應(yīng)用】

territoryrteratri/n.領(lǐng)域,領(lǐng)土

2020-1-ReadingPartC-1-4

WiththeChurch'steachingsandwaysofthinkingbeingeclipsedbytheRenaissance,thegapbetweentheMedieval

andmodernperiodshadbeenbridged,leadingtonewandunexploredintellectualterritories.

【主題詞匯】

[l]Church教堂

[2]eclipse使相形見(jiàn)細(xì)

[3]theRenaissance文藝復(fù)興

[4]Medievala.中世紀(jì)的

[5]intellectuala.知識(shí)的

realm/relm/n.領(lǐng)域，范圍，王國(guó)

2012-2-ReadingPartB-7-4

Wholenewrealmsofunderstanding—fromgendertoracetoculturalstudies—wereopenedupasscholars

unpickedthemultiplicityoflostsocieties.

【主題詞匯】

[l]realmn.領(lǐng)域，范圍，王國(guó)

[2]gendern.性別

[3]unpickv.拆開(kāi)（文中引申為揭露）

[4]multiplicityn.多樣性

[5]racen.民族

border/'bo:rdar/n.邊界，邊境

2011-2-ReadingPartA-T4-6-3

1

Atitsbest,theEuropeanprojectisremarkablyliberal:builtaroundasinglemarketof27richandpoorcountries,

itsinternalbordersarefarmoreopentogoods,capitalandlabourthananycomparabletradingarea.

【主題詞匯】

[1]projectn.項(xiàng)目；v.投影，預(yù)測(cè)

[2]remarkablyad.顯著地

[3]liberala.自由的

[41internala.內(nèi)部的

[5]comparablea,可比的，相當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

defense/di'fens/n.防衛(wèi)，防護(hù)

2013-2-ReadingPartA-T3-1-1

Snapdecisionscanbeimportantdefensemechanisms;ifwearejudgingwhethersomeoneisdangerous,our

brainsandbodiesarehard-wiredtoreactveryquickly,withinmilliseconds.

【主題詞匯】

[1]mechanismn.機(jī)制

[2]millisecondn.毫秒

identify/al'dentifai/v.確認(rèn)，證明

2011-2-UseofEnglish-9-2

TheyarguethatallInternetusersshouldbeforcedtoregisterandidentifythemselves,inthesamewaythatdrivers

mustbelicensedtodriveonpublicroads.

【主題詞匯】

[1]forcev.強(qiáng)迫，迫使

[2]registerv.注冊(cè),登記

[3]licensen.執(zhí)照，許可；v.許可

abroad/s'bro：d/adv.在國(guó)外，到國(guó)外

2017-2-ReadingPartA-Tl-1-2

TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.

【主題詞匯】

[1]phenomenonn.現(xiàn)象

[2]inspirev.引起；鼓舞

overseas/,ouvor'si:z/a.外國(guó)的，海外的;ad.在國(guó)外,在海外

2013-1-ReadingPartA-T1-3-2

ForH&Mtooffera$5.95knitminiskirtinallits2,300-plusstoresaroundtheworld,itmustrelyonlow-wage

overseaslabor,orderinvolumesthatstrainnaturalresources,andusemassiveamountsofharmfulchemicals.

【主題詞匯】

[1]relyon依靠，依賴

[2]low-wagea.低工資的

[3]ordern.v.訂購(gòu)

2

[4]volumen.里，大里

[5]strainv.濫用，過(guò)度消耗

[6]resourcen.資源

[7]massivea.大量的，巨大的

[8]amountn.數(shù)量，總數(shù)

[9]chemicaln.化學(xué)藥品，化學(xué)制品

external/Ik'st3:ml/a.外部的，外面的

2015-2-ReadingPartB-Tl-7-1

Todaymanypeoplefinditdifficulttotrusttheirownopinionandseekbalancebygainingobjectivityfromexternal

sources.

【主題詞匯】

[1Jobjectivityn.客觀性

[2]externalsources外部來(lái)源

domestic/do'mestik/a.國(guó)內(nèi)的；家庭的

2017-1-ReadingPartA-Tl-1-1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowupto

catchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.

【主題詞匯】

[1]inadvance提前；預(yù)先

[2]authorityn.當(dāng)局；權(quán)力；專家；批準(zhǔn)

[3]recommendV.推薦

[4]showup出現(xiàn);到來(lái)

[5]majora.主要的；n.專業(yè)；v.專研于

[61massivea.大規(guī)模的；巨大的；嚴(yán)重的

[7]securityn.安全；安全性

⑻linen.線；行；隊(duì)伍

internal/in't3:ml/a.內(nèi)部的

2013-1-ReadingPartB-4-1

Today,thesocialsciencesarelargelyfocusedondisciplinaryproblemsandinternalscholarlydebates,rather

thanontopicswithexternalimpact.

【主題詞匯】

[1]disciplinarya.學(xué)科的

⑵scholarlya.學(xué)術(shù)性的

domain/dou'mein/n.領(lǐng)域，范疇

2012-2-ReadingPartA-T3-5-2

CompaniesareunlikelytofilemanymorepatentsforhumanDNAmolecules-mostarealreadypatentedorinthe

publicdomain.

3

【主題詞匯】

[1]unlikelya.不大可能發(fā)生的

[2]domainn.領(lǐng)域,范疇

1.2行為相關(guān)

settlev.定居;解決

illegal

immigrant

depart

【真題應(yīng)用】

illegal/i'li:gl/adj.非法的

2013-2-ReadingPartA-T2-2-2

Wedividenewcomersintotwocategories:legalorillegal,goodorbad.

【主題詞匯】

[1]dividev.劃分

[2]newcomern.新人；移民

[3]categoryn.類別

⑷legala.合法的

immigrant/'Imigront/n.移民

2019-2-ReadingPartA-T3-3-1

PerhapshalfofU.S.farmlaborersareundocumentedimmigrants.

【主題詞匯】

[1Jlaborern.勞動(dòng)力

[2]undocumenteda.無(wú)正式文件的，無(wú)事實(shí)證明的

depart/di'pa:rt/v,離開(kāi)，離職

2011-I-ReadingPartA-T2-1-1

WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraight

up.

【主題詞匯】

[l]presidentn.總統(tǒng)，主席，總裁，會(huì)長(zhǎng)，校長(zhǎng)

[2]explanationn.解釋

[3]straightup直白的，坦率的，真實(shí)的

第二節(jié)政治

2.1政體

monarch

democratic

4

【真題應(yīng)用】

monarch/'ma：nark;'ma：na：rk/n.君主

2015-l-ReadingPartA-Tl-7-3

Hehasfailedtounderstandthatmonarchieshavelargelysurvivedbecausetheyprovideaservice-asnon-

controversialandnon-politicalheadsofstate.

【主題詞匯】

[1]non-controversiala.沒(méi)有爭(zhēng)議的

democratic/,dems'kreetlk/a.民主的

2015-1-ReadingPartA-T1-4-3

AtatimewhenThomasPikettyandothereconomistsarewarningofrisinginequalityandtheincreasing

powerofinheritedwealth,itisbizarrethatwealthyaristocraticfamiliesshouldstillbethesymbolicheartof

moderndemocraticstates.

【主題詞匯】

[1]inheriteda.繼承的，遺傳的

[2]aristocratica.貴族的，有貴族氣派的

[3]bizarrea.奇異的

2.2政府

state

Conservative

capitalism

【真題應(yīng)用】

state/steit/n.州；國(guó)家；狀態(tài)

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T2-4-2

Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentoo

conservativetoimplementthem.

【主題詞匯】

[1]sensiblea.合理的；切合實(shí)際的

[2]governv.管理，治理

[3]conservativea.保守的

⑷implementv.執(zhí)行，實(shí)施

Conservative/konS3:rvotiv/n.保守黨黨員

2016-l-ReadingPartA-T2-3-2

TheConservatives?planningrefonnexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation,evenauthorizing

“ofTplan“buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.

【主題詞匯】

fl]explicitlyad.清楚地，明確地

5

[2]priorityn.優(yōu)先；優(yōu)先權(quán)

[3]conservationn.保護(hù)

[4]authorizevt.批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)

[5]off-plana.計(jì)劃之外的

[6]objectvi.不同意；反對(duì)

capitalism/'kaepitollzsm/n.資本主義

2015-1-ReadingPartA-T4-2-1

Drivingherpointhome,shecontinued:"It'sincreasinglyapparentthattheabsenceofpurpose,ofamorallanguage

withingovernment,mediaorbusinesscouldbecomeoneofthemostdangerousgoalsforcapitalismandfYeedom.”

【主題詞匯】

[1]apparenta.明顯的

2.3職務(wù)

governor

【真題應(yīng)用】

governor/'gAvornor/n.州長(zhǎng)；統(tǒng)治者

2017-1-ReadingPartA-T4-1-1

Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecoiTuptionconvictionofaformerVirginia

governor,RobertMcDonnell.

【主題詞匯】

[1]rarea.稀少的

[2]unanimousa.一致通過(guò)的；無(wú)異議的

[3Jrulingn.裁決，判決；a.統(tǒng)治的

[4]overturnV.推翻，傾倒；撤銷

[51corruptionn.貪污；腐蝕

[6]convictionn.定罪；深信；肯定

2.4組織

bodyn.機(jī)構(gòu)；身體；軀體

EuropeanUnion

【真題應(yīng)用】

EU(EuropeanUnion)歐盟

2014-l-ReadingPartA-Tl-4-5

Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance,“conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;noentitlementand

noinsurance,at￡71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.

【主題詞匯】

[1]entitlementn.權(quán)利；津貼

6

2.5行政

Interferev.干擾intervenev.干涉

authorizedominate

reformcorruption

voteuphold

advocatecouncil

ministerelect

issue

【真題應(yīng)用】

authorize/10：Qaralz/v.批準(zhǔn)，授權(quán)

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T2-3-3

ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates:afour-yearundergraduatedegreeinsomeunrelated

subject,thenathree-yearlawdegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandan

expensivepreparationforthebarexam.

【主題詞匯】

[l]path成功的途徑

[2]undergraduaten.本科生

[3]unrelateda.無(wú)關(guān)聯(lián)的；不相關(guān)的

[4]association協(xié)會(huì)，聯(lián)盟

dominate/'da:mineit/v.主導(dǎo)

202l-2-ReadingPartA-T2-5-2

ThereisagoodreasonwhytheUKisdominatedbyanimalhusbandry:mostofitsterraindoesn'thavetheright

soilorclimatetogrowcropsoncommercialbasis.

【主題詞匯】

[1]husbandryn.畜牧業(yè)

[2]terrainn.地區(qū)

[3]soiln.土壤

[4]cropn.作物

reform/ri'fo：rm/n.改革，改良

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T1-2-5

Help?Really?Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,

completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewly

unemployedtofindwork,andsubsidiseslaziness.

【主題詞匯】

[1]completev.完成，使齊全

[2]indulgenta.寬容的；過(guò)于寬厚的

[3]subsidisev.資助

7

corruption/ks'rApfn/n.貪污，腐敗

2017-l-ReadingPartA-T4-3-1

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,is

notcorruption,thejusticesfound.

【主題詞匯】

[1]merelyad.僅僅；只不過(guò)

[2Jintentn.意圖；a.專注的；堅(jiān)決的

[3]pressurevt.對(duì)施加壓力；n.壓力

[4]justicen.法官；公平；合理

vote/voot/n.投票，選票，選票總數(shù)

2012-1-ReadingPartA-T4-2-8

Itscurrentleader,EdMiliband,oweshispositiontovotesfrompublic-sectorunions.

【主題詞匯】

[1]currenta.現(xiàn)在的，目前的，現(xiàn)任的

[2]owev.把...歸功于

[3]positionn.位置，職位

⑷sectorn.部門，扇形

[5]unionn.工會(huì)，協(xié)會(huì)

upholdMp1hoold/v.贊成

2021-1-ReadingPartA-T4-4-1

OnTuesday,theappealscourtunanimouslyupheldthe2017orderderegulatingbroadbandproviders,citinga

SupremeCourtrulingfrom2005thatupheldasimilarlyderegulatorymove.

【主題詞匯】

[1]unanimouslyad.一致地

⑵deregulatev.撤銷管制

[3]moven.舉措

advocate/^dvokeit/n.支持者

2021-!-ReadingPartA-T4-1-I

Fromtheearlydaysofbroadband,advocatesforconsumersandweb-basedcompaniesworriedthatthecableand

phonecompaniessellingbroadbandconnectionshadthepowerandincentivetofavortheirownortheirpartners'

websitesandservicesoverthoseoftheirrivals.

【主題詞匯】

[I]broadbandn.寬帶

⑵cablen.有線電話

[3]incentiven.動(dòng)機(jī)

[4]rivaln.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手

8

council/1kaonsl/n.地方議會(huì)

2016-l-ReadingPartA-T2-1-1

Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.

【主題詞匯】

[1]Labourn.工黨

[2]discontinuevt.停止，中斷

[3]counciln.地方議會(huì)

minister/ministar/n.(英國(guó)及其他許多國(guó)家的)部長(zhǎng),大臣

2014-2-ReadingPartA-4-6-1

Ministersshouldalsolookatcreatinggreatercertaintyintherentalenvironment,whichwouldhaveasignificant

impactontheabilityofregisteredproviderstofundnewdevelopmentsfromrevenues.

【主題詞匯】

[1]certaintyn.確實(shí)，確定性

[2]rentaln.出租

[3]registerv.登記，注冊(cè)

[4]revenuen.稅收收入

elect/11lekt/v.選舉

2015-1-ReadingPartA-Tl-1-2

ButembarrassingscandalsandthepopularityoftherepublicanleftintherecentEuro-electionshaveforcedhimto

eathiswordsandstanddown.

【主題詞匯】

[1]scandaln.丑聞，流言蜚語(yǔ)，可恥的行為

[2]popularityn.流行，普及，聲望

[3]standdown退位，離職，下臺(tái)

issue/'Ifu：/n.爭(zhēng)議；問(wèn)題

2021-1-ReadingPartA-T4-2-3

AtissuebeforetheU.S.CourtofAppealsfortheDistrictofColumbiaCircuitwasthelatesttakeoftheFederal

CommunicationsCommission(FCC)onnetneutrality,adoptedonaparty-linevotein2017.

【主題詞匯】

[1]neutralityn.中立

[2]adoptv.采納；正式通過(guò)

[3]party-linevoten.黨派劃線投票

第三節(jié)法制

3.1法制機(jī)構(gòu)

Jailn.監(jiān)獄parliament

supremecourtprison

9

congress

【真題應(yīng)用】

parliament!,pa:rbmont/n.議會(huì)，國(guó)會(huì)

2017-1-ReadingPartB-3-2

HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.

【主題詞匯】

[1]shorthandn.速記（法）

[2]stenographern.速記員

Congress/'ka:r）gros/n.國(guó)會(huì)

2016-2-ReadingPartA-T2-4-2

SomeCongressmembersaretryingtoblocktheplan,andatleastadozenindustrygroups,fourstates,andthree

environmentalgroupsarechallengingitinfederalcourt.

【主題詞匯】

[1]blockvt.阻止

[2]dozennum.十二

[3]challengevt.質(zhì)詢；質(zhì)疑

[4]courtn.法庭

supremecourtn.最高法院

2019-1-ReadingPartA-T4-1-1

StateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymakeonlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourt

decisionThursdaythatwillleaveshopperswithlighterwalletsbutisabigfinancialwinforstates.

【主題詞匯】

[1]taxn.稅

⑵purchasen.購(gòu)買

[3]walletn.皮夾

[4]financiala.經(jīng)濟(jì)的；財(cái)政的

prison/'prizn/n.監(jiān)獄，牢房；監(jiān)禁

2016-1-ReadingPartA-T1-4-2

Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina

$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

【主題詞匯】

[1]government-defineda.政府規(guī)定的

[2]indexofbodymass體重指數(shù)

[3]finen.罰款

3.2法規(guī)

actn.行為；行動(dòng)；法案

10

constitution

legislation

valid

punishmentn.懲罰

legitimate

justice

impartial

【真題應(yīng)用】

constitution/kDnstl'tju：Jn//,ka：nstl'tu：fn/n.憲法，章程；體質(zhì)，體格；組成，結(jié)構(gòu)

2012-1-UseofEnglish-4-1

TheframersoftheConstitutionenvisionedlawashavingauthorityapartfrompolitics.

【主題詞匯】

[Uframern.制定者，創(chuàng)作者

[2]envisionv.展望，想象

[3]authorityn.權(quán)利，權(quán)威

legislation/ledjis'leifn/n.法規(guī)，法律；立法，制訂法律

2013-2-ReadingPartA-T4-2-1

TheEuropeanUnionisnowconsideringlegislationtocompelcorporateboardstomaintainacertainproportionof

women-upto60percent.

【主題詞匯】

[1]compelv.強(qiáng)迫，迫使

[2]maintainv.保持

[3]proportionn.比例占比

valid/'vjelid/a.合理的，有效的，正當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

2020-2-ReadingPartB-3-3

Thoseareallvalid,butyouneedtotaketimetohearoutyourcoworkers,too.legitimate/ll'd31tlmat/

/li'd31tlmWa.正當(dāng)?shù)?合理的

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T3-4-1

AsNaturehaspointedoutbefore,therearesomelegitimateconcernsabouthowscienceprizes—bothnewand

old—aredistributed.

【主題詞匯】

[l]concemn.擔(dān)心，憂慮

[2]distributev.分配

justice/'d3Astls/n.公平,正義,司法

2015-1-ReadingPartA-T2-7-1

ButthejusticesshouldnotswallowCalifornia'sargumentwhole.

【主題詞匯】

11

[1Jswallowv.吞咽，完全相信

impartial/lm'pa：fl//lm'pa：rf1/a.公正的,不偏不倚的

2012-1-UseofEnglish-2-2

Thatkindofactivitymakesitlesslikelythatthecourt'sdecisionswillbeacceptedasimpartialjudgments.

【主題詞匯】

[1]decisionn.決定，抉擇

[2]judgmentn.裁決，判決

3.3法律相關(guān)人

立法人、當(dāng)事人、執(zhí)法人、違法人

jurorn.陪審團(tuán)成員

victimn.受害者

chancellor

client

hostage

plaintiffn.原告

witness

jury

prosecutor

suspect

【真題應(yīng)用】

chancellor/,tfa:nsoloCr)//'tfaensohr/n.財(cái)政大臣

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T1-2-5

Help?Really?Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,

completewith“reforms“toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewly

unemployedtofindwork,andsubsidiseslaziness.

【主題詞匯】

f1]completev.完成，使齊全

[2]indulgenta.寬容的,過(guò)于寬厚的

[3]subsidisev.資助

client/klalnnt/n.客戶，委托人

2014-1-ReadingPartA-T2-5-4

Thereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofchangeamongtheregulatorsinsistthat

keepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclients

ethically.

【主題詞匯】

12

[1Jopponentn.對(duì)手，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者

[2]regulatorn.監(jiān)管者，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)

[3]isolatev.將…剔出

[4]ethicallyad.倫理上

hostage/'hostidj//'ha:stidj/n.人質(zhì)

2011-1-ReadingPartA-T3-3-2

Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers,other

stakeholders,oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.

【主題詞匯】

[l]hijackV.劫持，操縱，強(qiáng)行控制

[2]oppositea.相反的

[3]assetn.品質(zhì)，優(yōu)點(diǎn)，資產(chǎn)

[4]campaignn.宣傳活動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)

[5]hostagen.人質(zhì)

[6]stakeholdern.利益相關(guān)者，股東

[7]activistn.積極分子，活動(dòng)家

I8]allegationn.（有待證實(shí)的）指責(zé)，指控

[9]brandn.品牌

witness/'wiinos/v.目睹，見(jiàn)證；n.目擊者，證人

2018-1-ReadingPartC-l-2

BythedateofhisbirthEuropewaswitnessingthepassingofthereligiousdrama,andthecreationofnewforms

undertheincentiveofclassicaltragedyandcomedy.

【主題詞匯】

[l]religiousa.宗教的，教派的

[2]creationn.創(chuàng)造，作品

[3]formn.形式，類型

[4]incentiven.刺激

[5]classicala.古典的，傳統(tǒng)的

[6]tragedyn.悲劇，災(zāi)難

[7Jcomedyn.喜劇作品

juryI'djugri/n.陪審團(tuán)，評(píng)判委員會(huì)

2017-1-ReadingPartA-T4-2-1

Thehighcourt'sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnelFstrailfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis

“officialactsJortheformergovernor'sdecisionson“specific"and"unsettled“issuesrelatedtohisduties.

【主題詞匯】

[1]trialn.審訊，試驗(yàn)

[2]specifica.特定的，具體的

[3]unsettleda.未解決的，不安定的

13

[4]officiala.公職的，公務(wù)的;n.官員

prosecutor/'prosikju：ts(r)//'pro：sikju：tor/n.檢察官，公訴人

2016-1-ReadingPartA-T3-5-1

Inall,thestudyconcludesthatwhereasprosecutorsshouldonlyevaluateacasebasedonitsmerits,theydoseemto

beinfluencedbyacompany'srecordinCSR.

【主題詞匯】

[IJconcludevt.斷定，做出結(jié)論

⑵evaluatevt.評(píng)判

[3]onitsownmerit根據(jù)事情本身的情況

suspect/ss'spekt/v.猜想，懷疑；n.嫌疑犯，可疑分子；adj.不可靠的，不可信的

2015-1-ReadingPartA-T2-4-1

TheyshouldstartbydiscardingCalifornia^lameargumentthatexploringthecontentsofasmartphone-avast

storehouseofdigitalinformation——issimilarto,say,riflingthroughasuspecfspurse.

【主題詞匯】

[l]discardv.快速的翻找

[2]lamea.痛的，觀點(diǎn)站不住腳的

3.4法律行為相關(guān)

法律制定、違法行為、調(diào)查、審判、執(zhí)法

jurisdictionn.司法權(quán)

modify

restrict

commit

trial

imitate

investigate

verify

track

penalty

【真題應(yīng)用】

modify/'mDdifal//'ma:difal/v.修改，修飾，更改，改變

2012-1-ReadingPartA-T3-4-5

Notsuiprisingly,newlypublisheddiscoveryclaimsandcrediblediscoveriesthatappeartobeimportantand

convincingwillalwaysbeopentochallengeandpotentialmodificationorrefutationbyfutureresearchers.

【主題詞匯】

[l]publishv.出版

[2]convincinga.令人信服的

[3]challengev.挑戰(zhàn)

14

I4]modificationn.修改

restrict/ri'stlkt/v.限制，制約，約束,限定

2011-2-ReadingPartB-3-1

Butseniormedicalfigureswanttostopfast-foodoutletsopeningnearschools,restrictadvertisingofproductshigh

infat,saltorsugar,andlimitsponsorshipofsportseventsbyfast-fbodproducerssuchasMcDonald's.

【主題詞匯】

[l]seniorn.大四；a.高級(jí)的，資深的,年老的

[2]figuren.人物，數(shù)據(jù)，任務(wù),身材；V.計(jì)算

[3]outletn.專營(yíng)店，經(jīng)銷商，出口，出路

[4]advertisingn.廣告

[5]productn.產(chǎn)品

[6]limitV.限制；n.極限，限制

[7]sponsorshipn.贊助，資助

[8]eventn.事件

[9]producern.生產(chǎn)商

commit/ks'mlt/v.犯，委托，承擔(dān)（義務(wù)）

2012-1-ReadingPartA-T2-4-1

EitherEntergyneverreallyintendedtolivebythosecommitments,oritsimplydidn'tforeseewhatwouldhappen

next.

【主題詞匯】

fl]foreseevt.預(yù)知，預(yù)見(jiàn)，有先見(jiàn)之明

trialAral1/n.審判,考驗(yàn)

2015-1-ReadingPartA-T4-3-1

Asthehackingtrialconcludes—findingguiltyoneex-editoroftheNewsoftheWorld,AndyCoulson,for

conspiringtohackphones,andfindinghispredecessor,RebekahBrooks,innocentofthesamecharge-thewider

issueofdearthofintegritystillstands.

【主題詞匯】

[IJconckidev.結(jié)束

[2]conspirev.密謀，合謀

[31predecessorn.前輩，前任

imitate/'Imitelt/v.模仿,仿效，仿制

2019-2-ReadingPartC-l-2

Hehadsuchapleasant,readablestylethatonemightthinkthatanyonecouldimitateit.

【主題詞匯】

[llpleasanta.舒適的

15

[2]readablea.可讀的，易讀的

investigate/in'vest!gelt/v.調(diào)查，研究

2011-1-ReadingPartB-6-2

Otherwise,academicswillcontinuetothinkdangerouslyalike,increasinglydetachedfromthesocietieswhichthey

study,investigateandcriticise.

【主題詞匯】

[1]otherwisead.否則

[2]academica.學(xué)術(shù)的；n.大學(xué)教師

[3]detachfrom（使）脫離，擺脫

[4]criticizeV.批評(píng)，批判

verify/verlfal/v.證實(shí)，核對(duì)

2018-1-ReadingPartA-T2-3-2

AKnightFoundationfocus-groupsurveyofyoungpeoplebetweenages14and24foundtheyuse"distributed

trust“toverifystories.

【主題詞匯】

[l]foundationn.基金會(huì)

[2]distributev.分散,分布，分配

track/traek/v.追蹤

2013-1-ReadingPartA-T2-2-1

Inthepastcoupleofweeksaquarrelhasillustratedthevaluetoadvertisersofsuchfine-grainedinformation:

Shouldadvertisersassumethatpeoplearehappytobetrackedandsentbehavioralads?

【主題詞匯】

[l]couple一兩個(gè)，幾個(gè)

[2]quarrel爭(zhēng)論

[3]illustrate表明……真實(shí)，顯示…存在

[4]fine-grained精細(xì)的，細(xì)致的

[5]assume假設(shè)，假想

penalty/'penolti/n.（因違反法律、規(guī)定或合同而受到的）處罰，刑罰

2019-1-ReadingPartA-T2-4-1

Collegeofficialstendtoemphasizethatthegoalofgradeforgivenessislessaboutthegradeitselfandmoreabout

encouragingstudentstoretakecoursescriticaltotheirdegreeprogramandgraduationwithoutincurringabig

penalty.

【主題詞匯】

[1]tendto傾向于，往往，打算

[2]emphasizev.強(qiáng)調(diào)

[3]encouragev.鼓勵(lì)

16

[4]retakeV.重修

[5]criticala.至關(guān)重要的

[6]incurv.招致

第四節(jié)軍事

4.1軍人

army

force

marine

headquarter

division

【真題應(yīng)用】

army/'a:mi//'a:rmi/n.陸軍，軍隊(duì)，大批，大群

2016-2-ReadingPartA-T1-6-2

Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.

【主題詞匯】

[1Jcodern.編程人員

⑵solea.唯一的

[3]purposen.目的

force/fo：s//fo：rs/v.強(qiáng)迫；n.力量

2011-2-ReadingPartB-2-1

Thedemandsfollowcommentslastweekbythehealthsecretary,AndrewLansley,whoinsistedthegovernment

couldnotforcepeopletomakehealthychoicesandpromisedtofreebusinessesfrompublichealthregulations.

【主題詞匯】

[l]demandV.要求:n.要求

[2]commentn.評(píng)論;V.評(píng)論

[3]secretaryn.秘書

[4]insistV.堅(jiān)持

[5]promiseV.承諾

[7]regulationn.法規(guī),規(guī)定，管理

marine/ms'ri:n/adj.海洋；n.水兵，海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)士兵

2013-1-ReadingPartB-7-6

Theideaistoforcesocialscientiststointegratetheirworkwithothercategories,includinghealthanddemographic

change;foodsecurity;marineresearchandthebio-economy;clean,efficientenergy;andinclusive,innovativeand

securesocieties.

17

【主題詞匯】

[l]integrateV.使融入，結(jié)合在一起

[2]demographica.人口結(jié)構(gòu)的；人口統(tǒng)計(jì)的

[3]marinea.海洋的

[4]bio-economy生物經(jīng)濟(jì)

[5Jinclusivea.包容的

[6]securea.安全的

headquarter/,hed'kwo:t9(r)//'hed'kwortor/vt.設(shè)立總部

2016-2-UseofEnglish-4-1

Sureenough,films5investmentandR&Dintensitywerecorrelatedwiththehappinessoftheareainwhichthey

wereheadquartered.

【主題詞匯】

[l]intensityn.強(qiáng)度，力度

[2]correlatev.(使)相互關(guān)聯(lián)

[4]sureenoughad.果然，果真

division/divi3(a)n//di'vi3n/n.分配

2015-2-ReadingPartA-T1-5-2

Rareisthehouseholdinwhichthedivisionoflaborissoclinicallyandmethodicallylaidout.

【主題詞匯】

[llrarea.稀少的

[2]clinicallyad.不偏不倚，門診地

[3]methodicallyad.系統(tǒng)地，有方法地

14]layout安排

4.2軍隊(duì)

agent

【真題應(yīng)用】

agent/'eldjont/n.代理人，代理商

2013-2-ReadingPartA-T3-4-2

IfweknowwewilloveiTeacttoconsumerproductsorhousingoptionswhenweseeahappyface(onereasongood

salesrepresentativesandrealestateagentsarealwayssmiling),wecantakeamomentbeforebuying.

【主題詞匯】

[1]overreactV.反應(yīng)過(guò)度

[2]optionn.選擇

[3]representativen.銷售代表

[4]realestaten.不動(dòng)產(chǎn)，房地產(chǎn)

18

4.3軍事行為

conflict

erupt

retreat

victory

battle

campaign

【真題應(yīng)用】

conflictI,kDnfllkt//'ka：nfllkt/n.爭(zhēng)執(zhí),分歧；v.沖突，抵觸

2012-2-ReadingPartA-T4-5-3

Inmanyrespects,theU.S.wasmoresociallytolerantenteringthisrecessionthanatanytimeinitshistory,anda

varietyofnationalpollsonsocialconflictsincethenhaveshownmixedresults.

【主題詞匯】

[l]toleranta.包容的

[2]polln.民意調(diào)查

[3]socialconflictn.社會(huì)沖突

erupt/l'rApt/v.爆發(fā)，突然發(fā)生，噴發(fā)

2017-1-ReadingPartA-T2-1-4

ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisesto

revolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

【主題詞匯】

fl]protestn./v.抗議

L2]observatoryn.天文臺(tái)，氣象臺(tái)

[3]revolutionizev.完全變革

[4]humanityn.人類，人性，人道

[5]cosmosn.宇宙

retreat/ritri:t/v.撤退，隱退

2018-2-ReadingPartA-T4-2-1

Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringtheartofdeepwork—beitlengthyretreatsdedicatedtoaspecific

task;developingadailyritual;ortakinga“journalistic“approachtoseizingmomentsofdeepworkwhenyoucan

throughouttheday.

【主題詞匯】

[1Japproachn.方法，途徑

⑵masterv.掌握

[3]specifica.明確的，特定的

[4]ritualn.慣例

[5]seizev.抓住

19

victory/viktori/n.勝利

2019-1-ReadingPartA-T4-5-1

Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,sincetheyusuallycollectsalestaxononline

purchasesalready.

【主題詞匯】

[l]rulingn.裁決

[2]chainn.連鎖企業(yè)

[3]presencen.存在

[4]staten.州

[5]purchasen.貝勾買

battle/'baet（Q）l//'baetl/n.戰(zhàn)役,斗爭(zhēng),競(jìng)賽，較量；v,與...作戰(zhàn)，和斗爭(zhēng)，搏斗

2012-2-R