水電站初步設(shè)計報告

水電站初步設(shè)計報告1綜合說明書河流屬XX省XX河上游的XX省XX縣轄區(qū)的XX支流，壩址控制集雨植被狀況良好，XX水電站以上流域內(nèi)沒有興建蓄水工程，僅有二座大壩正常高水位307.00m，設(shè)計水頭73m。設(shè)計洪水位（5%)308.40m,下泄流量246.40m3/s。校核洪水位（1309.35m，％）XX水電站主要建筑物有攔河壩、引水隧洞、壓力輸水鋼管、發(fā)至本支流上的XX閣水電站庫尾發(fā)電。洞首位于攔水管引水至發(fā)電廠房，壓力管全長170m。村級公路已通至壩址及發(fā)電廠房近旁（相距約200m整個樞紐區(qū)域交通較為方便。架設(shè)10kv電站裝設(shè)二臺臥軸混流式水輪機，型號為HLA550-WJ-55，單機轉(zhuǎn)速1000r/min，額定效率91機端電壓0.4kv,采用擴大單元接攔河壩分兩期施工，右側(cè)為一期,在左側(cè)河床開挖明渠作為一期工程林地、耕地與房屋的淹沒界線分別為307.00m、308.17m和發(fā)生和結(jié)算，整個工程建設(shè)期1年，開工后第二年初開始發(fā)生效益，本工程全部投資內(nèi)部收益率為9.80%，財務(wù)凈現(xiàn)值136.45萬元（i=0.06）大于零，投資回收期9.69年，投資利潤率8.88%，投資利水文1流域面積全流域Km2485.0壩址以上Km230.6廠房以上Km237.02利用水文系列年限年39.01963-2001年3水文參證站XX站4多年平均年徑流量億m30.2925代表性流量大壩設(shè)計洪峰流量m3/s246.40廠房設(shè)計洪峰流量m3/s279.66大壩校核洪峰流量m3/s400.00廠房校核洪流量m3/s375.07水庫1水庫水位校核洪水位m309.35設(shè)計洪水位m308.40正常高水位m307.0死水位m299.0序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注2正常高水位相應(yīng)水庫面積m2200003正常高水位回水長度m5004水庫容積總庫容萬m3調(diào)節(jié)庫容萬m38死庫容萬m30.5電站特性1裝機容量Kw2保證出力Kw3多年平均年發(fā)電量3304年利用小時數(shù)h33005設(shè)計水頭H6最低尾水位m225.7淹沒與占用淹沒耕地畝4其中水田3畝林地畝人行道Km0.2主要建筑物1攔河壩序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注型式漿砌塊石重力壩非溢流壩頂高程m308.60最大壩高m壩頂長m65消能方式挑流2沖砂閘型式方形底孔底板高程m294.00孔口尺寸m2×23引水系統(tǒng)引水隧洞型式1.6×1.6m+1/3圓弧頂隧洞總長m2470其中支洞長100米壓力管長m圓形鋼管管徑m額定輸水流量m3/s4廠房地基特性中等強度砂巖主廠房尺寸m23×9.0長×寬主要機電設(shè)備序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注1水輪機型號HLA550-WJ-55二臺Kw549單機額定流量m3/s0.88額定轉(zhuǎn)速r/min設(shè)計水頭m最大工作水頭m最小工作水頭m2發(fā)電機型號SFW500-6/850二臺額定容量Kw500額定電壓KV0.4功率因素0.83主變壓器型號S9-1250/10.5/0.4臺1容量KVA10.5/0.44輸電線路序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注電壓等級KV回路數(shù)回1長度Km1接入點XX鄉(xiāng)10KV農(nóng)網(wǎng)5廠房起重機型式地面操作電動葫蘆跨度m最大起重量t施工1主體工程量土方挖填m32700明挖石方m3510石方洞挖m2470漿砌磚墻m3漿砌塊石m32800混凝土及鋼筋混凝土m3964金屬結(jié)構(gòu)與鋼筋制安t612主要建筑材料木材m3水泥t850序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注鋼筋t3施工動力及來源供電縣電網(wǎng)供給排水縣電網(wǎng)供給4施工年限年15施工導(dǎo)流導(dǎo)流方式導(dǎo)流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)枯水期5年一遇經(jīng)濟指標(biāo)1靜態(tài)總投資萬元419.432總投資萬元419.43建筑工程萬元211.60機電設(shè)備及安裝工程萬元77.00金屬結(jié)構(gòu)及安裝工程萬元26.40臨時工程萬元13.49庫區(qū)淹沒及占用補償萬元15.00其它費用萬元37.81基本預(yù)備費萬元38.13價差預(yù)備費萬元0序號名稱單位數(shù)量備注3主要經(jīng)濟指標(biāo)單位千瓦投資元/KW4194單位電能投資發(fā)電成本0.139財務(wù)內(nèi)部收益率%9.80上網(wǎng)電價0.28靜態(tài)投資回收年限年8.4含建設(shè)期2水文氣象XX水電站上游至今未建蓄水工程，僅有徑流式電站兩座，流域1999年觀測資料統(tǒng)計，多年平均年降水量1489mm，最大年降水量降水量年內(nèi)分配很不均勻，主汛期4～7月降水量占全年降水量的60%，10～12月期間降水量僅占年值的12%。年降水日數(shù)平均為150對濕度變化不大，最大月平均相對濕度82%，發(fā)生在6月份，最小在XX水電站流域無水文測站，但鄰近流域修河干、支流設(shè)有一系列水文、水位站，主要有XX、XX、XX、XX、XX、XX等站，這些測站均為國家基本水文觀測站，水文資料由水文年鑒刊印。XX水電站水殿流量站，觀測水位、流量、降水量等，1958年增測含沙量，1963XX站流量觀測時間為1959～1980年，XX站流量觀測時間為XX水文站系修河支流XX水系上一水文站，1961年由XX省水利廳設(shè)立，觀測項目有水位、降水量，1963年增測流量及比降至今，相對控制面積較接近，且XX小流域內(nèi)植被情況良好，地形及下墊面水電站壩址徑流計算由XX水文站徑流通過水文比擬法（面積比的11962年兩年XX站僅有水位觀測資料，采用XX站歷年綜合水位流量XX站的上游未修建大中型蓄、引、提水工程、現(xiàn)有的小型水電XX站屬國家基本測站，有先進(jìn)的觀測設(shè)備，所測資料經(jīng)分析處年份XX站3/s)排序經(jīng)驗頻率年份XX站3/s)排序經(jīng)驗頻率(%)6111.14716.67827.3152.38625.683.338337.14634.434095.24846.7354.76645.5785.71857.3850.00654.6192.86866.1866.67667.5545.24876.5259.5267819.05888.2642.86683.434197.62899.9726.19699.9923.81906.2364.29921.43918.7238.105.6678.57926.0571.435.9173.81939.7328.5724.76949.3933.335.6380.959512.1749.52511.90967.3947.628.6240.48978.7435.719.6430.959814.7412.384.6988.109911.61614.294.6690.48006.4861.90806.6957.14015.9176.19816.1369.05平均7.98根據(jù)XX站實測豐、中、枯三個代表年的逐日徑流資料，通過面電站壩址處多年平均流量為0.938m3/s，多年平均年徑流量為0.292一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月0.390.310.580.620.350.630.810.400.300.340.300.520.570.830.396.920.550.780.710.380.290.280.340.460.600.570.493.190.540.920.680.390.290.280.340.530.800.590.390.682.030.610.360.290.260.360.430.620.912.180.840.860.570.350.290.250.360.380.490.780.552.180.740.550.360.290.230.410.400.400.580.352.880.660.540.360.360.230.440.360.442.750.900.620.510.360.340.230.480.320.482.292.430.530.470.340.290.430.460.680.280.392.184.020.500.460.320.294.160.450.630.246.862.382.270.480.450.320.290.510.480.214.560.656.980.440.440.330.300.700.510.390.250.423.040.430.460.360.270.520.430.370.230.940.320.420.570.940.270.410.350.340.390.800.312.030.920.420.500.810.270.360.350.370.870.840.757.730.780.410.480.720.270.330.330.300.450.660.9225.280.640.390.680.570.270.310.280.480.480.546.270.710.380.560.440.260.310.294.750.453.850.380.510.410.250.310.303.280.392.760.360.460.400.250.300.590.970.340.570.520.560.370.260.280.470.774.920.380.450.640.570.360.260.270.453.220.525.090.780.410.510.960.340.250.260.412.522.032.039.760.430.450.870.340.250.400.606.430.948.470.620.620.330.260.300.592.270.885.263.170.510.600.330.270.270.489.740.852.950.962.160.440.500.320.300.250.543.396.580.600.865.270.450.320.270.292.182.200.472.730.860.923.170.430.310.260.280.415.610.780.922.160.400.300.260.340.900.360.690.900.410.25三月七月十月3.222.534.765.162.885.196.713.322.512.812.484.314.76.893.1957.24.566.435.93.182.432.312.813.784.944.734.0826.44.457.645.663.22.392.332.854.426.644.843.265.615.073.012.432.192.963.545.137.526.987.154.742.92.382.072.943.164.016.464.546.154.572.942.413.363.273.294.792.9223.85.424.432.993.013.632.943.669.4822.77.424.183.012.833.938.772.663.9320.14.363.912.782.433.593.835.612.313.2533.23.82.652.3834.43.765.2256.73.963.732.632.384.223.9637.75.3757.73.633.622.722.515.784.223.252.043.4925.13.543.82.942.254.313.523.057.782.623.474.747.752.233.422.872.813.246.582.537.573.474.156.672.232.982.883.057.26.916.1763.96.463.363.945.992.232.692.732.463.765.437.622095.263.225.594.682.22.62.333.993.954.4351.85.913.184.623.652.182.582.388.2739.33.7331.89.884.183.372.052.558.242.4427.13.2122.88.962.943.83.272.072.514.918.012.794.734.314.653.062.132.333.888.356.3640.73.715.34.682.972.243.7326.64.2842.16.473.424.27.92.832.082.133.4220.880.73.563.687.222.812.13.274.9253.27.789.6705.132.722.132.54.918.537.2943.58.6626.24.24.952.722.272.273.9680.57.0124.47.923.624.132.672.452.074.52854.44.942643.63.752.672.222.363.8722.67.087.6126.23.572.592.132.339.63.3546.46.437.573.322.452.837.463.015.717.463.372.07一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月3.212.376.245.276.53.857.14.435.452.983.382.335.46.259.418.133.884.334.52.733.452.34.955.894.622.14.53.443.984.012.833.396.918.514.284.6459.5213.853.453.663.863.327.34.554.2222.327.56.043.383.625.293.33.086.057.7434.827.53.593.233.454.316.514.047.8621.87.742.783.313.484.564.533.5320.430.35.738.335.283.043.46.984.1827.95.177.474.73.413.464.863.83.057.9343.124.18.957.196.153.623.454.084.132.985.626.56.154.439.213.323.373.772.754.629.774.449.193.434.743.293.574.252.833.933.998.042.564.83.163.484.862.43.58.7652.363.973.53.285.022.623.359.638.0925.25.412.347.464.523.353.342.733.498.936.627.4557.073.313.213.562.647.415.235.443.87.753.743.073.682.647.184.536.754.723.3922.83.453.073.792.69.886.784.563.443.133.513.083.672.497.828.057.873.713.28.273.833.023.392.595.986.775.286.383.7256.423.933.323.412.675.245.754.445.275.085.434.19.213.652.664.655.193.64.198.53.765.337.13.192.667.012.844.045.57.323.94.463.062.559.912.813.444.9951.28.945.998.962.922.4520.54.825.736.745.385.663.022.244.689.676.026.794.8732.328.664.977.614.095.93.165.464.422.982.719.263.785.854.64.532.924.973.53.012.597.993.195.414.895.622.674.697.6842.326.564.033.596.513.45一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月0.390.290.750.640.790.470.860.620.540.660.360.410.280.650.760.620.980.470.520.540.330.420.280.600.710.562.670.540.420.480.490.340.410.840.520.567.202.540.470.420.440.470.400.372.150.880.550.512.703.330.730.410.440.640.400.372.190.730.944.213.330.430.390.420.520.790.490.952.640.940.340.400.420.550.550.432.473.660.690.640.370.410.840.510.383.370.630.900.570.410.420.590.460.370.965.212.910.870.740.440.420.490.500.360.683.210.740.540.400.410.460.500.330.560.540.410.570.400.430.510.340.480.480.970.312.030.580.380.420.590.290.420.600.290.480.420.400.610.320.410.983.050.650.280.900.550.410.400.620.330.420.800.900.260.600.860.400.390.430.322.240.900.630.660.260.460.940.450.370.450.320.870.550.820.570.240.412.760.420.370.460.310.820.620.550.420.380.420.370.440.300.950.970.950.450.390.460.370.410.310.720.820.640.770.453.020.780.480.400.410.320.630.700.540.640.610.660.500.440.320.560.630.440.510.450.644.490.390.320.620.850.340.490.670.890.470.542.310.370.310.340.420.606.190.740.720.350.302.480.582.210.690.820.650.680.370.270.980.570.500.730.820.590.360.280.600.920.490.710.380.662.210.530.360.330.460.710.560.550.350.600.420.360.310.970.390.650.590.680.320.570.930.380.480.280.860.790.490.430.790.42一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月2.552.952.12.16.453.012.958.153.512.152.552.5642.353.835.913.519.312.153.736.7299.83.012.813.855.563.413.0344.32.366.914.613.035.673.355.014.7325.32.033.783.162.535.253.323.588.518.173.222.552.696.963.253.797.459.255.757.562.552.935.063.283.162.158.714.452.352.695.283.233.372.554.956.464.234.232.152.5927.83.283.912.153.974.4443.173.4120.23.284.813.72.793.172.363.164.225.443.732.3235.62.522.032.612.677.425.554.222.792.792.032.393.512.323.737.456.46.222.333.37.672.563.974.672.273.792.3324.53.329.83.033.54.236.783.162.4921.93.748.723.174.912.7525.53.875.232.120.72.363.012.5536.28.463.415.335.72.362.0359.32.357.543.34.883.035.52.3629.92.356.244.156.495.782.563.72.24.620.72.355.567.646.263.972.323.392.735.8321.55.488.594.445.095.166.039.523.3375.225.974.755.54.676.612.847.96.866.884.884.94.443.54.23.785.284.664.84.513.262.562.794.942.3643.794.674.515.332.563.013.163.589.84.095.442.322.942.753.377.244.773.3742.93.542.352.955.914.064.022.073.682.755.193.713.582.553.262.14.593.55一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月0.230.310.360.250.180.250.780.360.190.360.990.420.220.260.310.310.150.480.280.190.460.710.420.210.260.450.810.360.340.470.620.670.410.240.240.375.360.290.840.560.370.690.410.230.610.240.573.060.250.460.380.310.630.400.240.430.210.990.190.390.310.330.840.390.220.460.240.900.700.180.910.310.350.610.400.220.380.260.980.540.190.280.330.640.390.220.410.310.600.780.510.180.510.260.313.360.400.230.470.260.480.540.480.180.380.240.412.440.400.230.580.450.340.380.160.290.240.380.510.220.660.450.284.310.300.190.250.320.320.900.670.210.510.340.340.250.190.230.290.980.420.210.620.280.450.900.770.180.210.750.280.400.210.930.310.480.560.270.230.460.282.960.400.210.370.420.510.820.210.380.302.650.450.210.860.200.380.590.210.333.080.470.200.620.630.252.500.290.362.270.314.380.410.210.640.690.230.290.257.170.280.910.400.210.590.370.670.290.233.620.280.750.500.200.780.700.310.450.270.562.500.280.670.920.200.760.480.280.410.330.712.600.660.210.540.620.620.730.400.850.630.720.200.570.670.560.800.340.960.830.830.590.590.210.540.420.510.460.640.560.580.550.210.390.310.340.600.290.480.460.560.550.210.640.310.230.230.360.230.380.430.490.650.220.480.280.200.180.360.210.330.410.880.500.580.230.410.230.230.185.190.430.280.360.710.490.490.250.450.230.232.090.240.330.630.450.430.310.390.250.620.210.560.43(F設(shè))Q設(shè)m＝nQ參(F設(shè))n—面積關(guān)系指數(shù)，結(jié)合我省以往實際資料分析的經(jīng)驗采 CS=3.5CV設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)頻率（%）洪峰流量二年一遇60.88二十年一遇5246.40三十年一遇3.33292.78五十年一遇2.0330.46百年一遇400.04二百年一遇設(shè)計標(biāo)準(zhǔn)頻率（%）洪峰流量二年一遇69.09二十年一遇5279.66三十年一遇3.33332.30五十年一遇2.0375.07百年一遇454.033工程地質(zhì)流屬XX省XX河上游的XX省XX縣轄區(qū)的XX支流，壩址控制集雨面上更新統(tǒng)殘坡積物（Q3分布于主河及支流河谷兩側(cè)，具二元破碎的砂巖、板巖組成，厚度約2～3m，下部為碎石土，碎石無分選性，磨圓度差呈棱角狀，大小10～20cm，膠結(jié)性較差，疏松狀，厚般在30°~60°左右。局部土質(zhì)岸坡較陡，但采取有效措施稍作處XX水電站位于XX省XX河上游的XX支流，該支流發(fā)源于XX兩XX水電站壩址位于XX水電站下游約500m處河谷，河谷較寬，為縱向河谷，兩岸不對稱。左岸坡為一小山包，山頂高程在360床寬約45m，河床中分布有1～2m厚的漂石及礫（卵）石層。2、第四系全新統(tǒng)沖積層（Q4主要分布于壩址河床中，巖性100cm，大的可達(dá)1.5～3.0m，卵礫石一般2～10cm，該層厚度0.5~壩址區(qū)地質(zhì)構(gòu)造較為簡單，壩址位于XX山背HCO3-為1.80-2.00mmol/L，侵蝕性CO2為3.80-4.50mg/L，PH值為7.4-7.6，故河水對混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)無腐蝕性，對鋼結(jié)構(gòu)具弱腐蝕；壩址綜合評價其地下水及河水對混凝土無碳酸型腐蝕，對鋼結(jié)構(gòu)具弱腐巖體，一般不易風(fēng)化，強風(fēng)化帶厚度一般0～1.0m；弱風(fēng)化帶厚度一般為4.0～6.0m。壩址右岸為巖質(zhì)坡，基巖主要為弱～微風(fēng)化巖體。強～弱～微各風(fēng)化均有分布，在河床中受河水的沖刷，覆蓋層下為河床左右兩側(cè)及兩岸分布，厚度較薄，一般為0～1.0m；弱風(fēng)化層在本工程擋水壩為低壩，最大壩高為17.00m。結(jié)合各風(fēng)化巖體的將壩軸線各部位的建議開挖深度(含覆蓋層)分述如下：左岸2.0~應(yīng)不小于4m。化巖體）屬Ⅱ~Ⅲ類巖體中的AⅡ~AⅢ類巖體,壩基巖體的物理力學(xué)主要巖性風(fēng)化程度飽和抗壓強度巖體抗剪斷強度砼/巖抗剪斷強度變形模量泊松比允許承載力g/cm3%MPafCf’c’EF細(xì)砂巖弱風(fēng)化2.732.7265.00.800.600.900.600.202.0巖土名稱水流平均水深（m）0.42.03.0平均流速（m/s）細(xì)砂巖3.03.54.03.5在大壩右側(cè)山體開鑿引水隧洞至本支流XX閣夾粉砂質(zhì)板巖上，進(jìn)、出口30米為屬Ⅲ~Ⅳ圍巖，隧洞其它段圍巖穩(wěn)定，屬Ⅱ~Ⅲ。洞室地下水位較淺，圍巖呈陡傾角狀，局部發(fā)育裂圍巖類別密度γ內(nèi)摩擦角φ凝聚力c變形模量E泊松比μ單位彈性抗力系數(shù)K0Ⅱ2.70422.5015.000.2017.00Ⅲ2.457.000.258.00Ⅳ2.250.252.5010.002.50層厚1～3m。下伏強風(fēng)化砂巖或板巖，其承載力可達(dá)0.5Mpa，弱風(fēng)化層厚2～3m，地基承載力可達(dá)2.0Mpa。近出露地層為前震旦系XX山群砂巖及砂質(zhì)板巖2、砼粗骨料：粗骨料可從壩址附近河床采取，質(zhì)量及儲量均滿4、土料：土料采場位于左岸附近山坡，質(zhì)量可達(dá)工程要求，方XX山復(fù)背斜近核部地帶，地形地貌上屬構(gòu)造剝蝕中山區(qū)，本工程區(qū)2、本水庫由低壩擋水形成，巖層堅硬，完整性好，透水性弱，3、壩址地層巖性為細(xì)砂巖、砂質(zhì)板巖，地質(zhì)構(gòu)造較簡單，巖性4、區(qū)內(nèi)塊石料、砼粗骨料、圍堰土料均較豐富，質(zhì)量及儲量符距較遠(yuǎn)，交通不便，對本工程建設(shè)不利，須5、鑒于本工程地質(zhì)工作相對薄弱，資料來源較少，建議加強施4工程任務(wù)與規(guī)模浩瀚百里，綠島如蓮，被譽為XX的萬島湖；矗立于縣南的武陵巖，彌陀寺和太平山道場佑圣宮等。XX礦產(chǎn)資源十分豐富，目前已發(fā)現(xiàn)建國以來，特別是改革開放以來，XX縣社會經(jīng)濟得到了長足的發(fā)展，良好的區(qū)位優(yōu)勢，豐富的自然資源，優(yōu)惠的政策環(huán)境，使XX的經(jīng)濟建設(shè)和社會發(fā)展迅速崛起。據(jù)統(tǒng)計資料，2004年，全縣完XX支流位于XX省XX縣西北部，屬XX省XX河上游水系，發(fā)源支流從XX山流經(jīng)XX進(jìn)入本工程壩址，至XX村接納XX支流后進(jìn)入XX水電站：該電站正常高水位為582.30m，發(fā)電尾水位為XX水電站：XX水電站正常高水位為336.50m，發(fā)電尾水位為XX支流末進(jìn)行規(guī)劃。本流域水能資源較豐富，開發(fā)條件較好，等綜合效益。XX水電站就是利用XX水電站與XX閣水電站間尚有的XX水電站是一座以發(fā)電為主的小型水利樞紐工程，水庫總庫容12×104m3，裝機容量2×500kw，依據(jù)《水利水電工程等級劃分及洪一、攔河壩：設(shè)計洪水為二十年一遇（p=5%相應(yīng)流量二、發(fā)電廠房：設(shè)計洪水為二十年一遇（p=5%相應(yīng)流量本工程采用溢流壩自動泄流，溢流壩頂高程307.00m，溢流長XX水電站庫容小，計算時不考慮其調(diào)洪之用，按入庫流量等于單位洪水頻率（P）53.331下泄流量M3/S60.88246.40292.78400.00壩前水位M307.67308.40308.91309.35壩后水位M本工程無實測水文資料，利用參證站（XX站）的徑流資料通過根據(jù)水輪發(fā)電機組生產(chǎn)廠家資料，查得水輪機額定效率為88%，日平均流量小于機組額定引用流量即該日發(fā)電流量為代表年實際日經(jīng)計算多年平均年發(fā)電量為E多=(384+一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月1234567892021222324252627282930310000合計月日一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月1234567892021222324252627282930310000合計月日一月二月三月五月六月七月八月九月十月十一月十二月1234567892021222324252627282930310000合計的選擇只受電站梯級銜接的影響，XX電站壩址至上游梯級水電站的根據(jù)年利用小時數(shù)控制在3500小時左右時投資較為經(jīng)濟的經(jīng)單位裝機容量（KW）800保證出力KW多年平均年發(fā)電量萬KW.H309330340設(shè)計水頭M最大水頭M最小水頭M水量利用率%636769年利用小時數(shù)H386333002698注:表中數(shù)據(jù)為裝機容量選擇階段成果,各方案比較基礎(chǔ)一致，水頭損失為5.0m。加2％。單位裝機容量（KW）800保證出力KW多年平均年發(fā)電量萬KW.H309330340水量利用率%636769年利用小時數(shù)H386333002698工程靜態(tài)投資萬元410419437單位千瓦投資元/KW512541903468單位電能投資元/KW.H注:表中數(shù)據(jù)為裝機容選取擇階段成果,各方案比較基礎(chǔ)一致，水頭損失為5.00m。組為二臺，根據(jù)選定裝機容量，求得水機單機引用流量為0.88m3/s,流壩頂時則自動泄流。水庫淤積量較大后,可在豐水期全開沖砂閘放5工程布置及建筑物XX水電站是一座以發(fā)電為主的小型水利樞紐工程，水庫總庫容12×104m3，裝機容量2×500kw，依據(jù)《水利水電工程等級劃分及洪XX水電站是一座以發(fā)電為主的小型水利樞紐工程，開發(fā)的主要多年平均相對濕度79%水庫特征水位與對應(yīng)流量:主要巖性風(fēng)化程度飽和抗壓強度巖體抗剪斷強度砼/巖抗剪斷強度變形模量泊松比允許承載力g/cm3%MPafCf’c’EωF細(xì)砂巖弱風(fēng)化2.732.7265.00.800.600.900.600.202.0XX省通山縣XX上游的支流XX河水利資源豐富，該支流已建的XX水電站與XX閣水電站間有81.80m的自然項目單位左方案右方案隧洞全長M31002470壓力管長M設(shè)計水頭M裝機容量KW多年平均年發(fā)電量KW.H330330工程總投資萬元462419單位電能造價元/KW.H洞址為XX省地界洞址為XX省地界工程維護條件有跨河壓力鋼管無跨河壓力鋼管通過上述比較,右方案比左方案具有明顯優(yōu)勢,本可研推薦右岸閣水電站庫尾發(fā)電。洞首位于攔水壩前右側(cè)山坡坡腳，隧洞全長廠房，壓力管全長170m。村級公路已通至壩址及發(fā)電廠房近旁（相距約200m整個樞紐區(qū)域交通較為方便。架設(shè)10kv輸電線路1km攔河壩為漿砌塊石重壩，溢流壩段長50m，WES溢流壩頂，上游公式：Q=mB式中：Q——下泄流量(m3/s);B----溢流寬度為50m;H----溢流壩頂水深m;求得設(shè)計和校核洪水情況下溢流壩頂過水深分別為1.40m和公式：2hl=0.0166Wh0----波浪中心線超高（m設(shè)計工況2h1h0hc△h庫水位壩頂高程設(shè)計洪水0.660.300.3308.40309.66校核洪水0.400.110.20.71309.35310.06水庫正常高水位為307.00m,求得設(shè)計與校核洪水工況下所需壩攔水壩為漿砌塊石重力壩,底寬9m,上游面鉛垂,下游面約為1:0.7。溢流段長50m，WES型橫剖面。非溢流壩頂寬2m，最大壩長防浪墻頂高程310.10m,挑流鼻坎高程296.00m。正常高水位以下上砼內(nèi)均設(shè)間距為20cm的φ10雙向鋼筋網(wǎng)。在溢流段中在右側(cè)非溢流壩底設(shè)沖砂閘一孔，孔口尺寸為2×2m，孔底標(biāo)高采用挑流消能，溢流段長50m，溢流堰頂高程307.00m,挑流鼻在大壩右側(cè)山體開鑿引水隧洞至本支流XX閣單層。安裝間與主機間布置成不等高，長分別為5m和18m，高分別為7m和10m，外圍平面尺寸為23×9m。安裝地面以下圍護墻為砼水6水力機械、電工及金屬結(jié)構(gòu)電機額定效率91％。根據(jù)以上參數(shù)可求得轉(zhuǎn)輪直徑為52cm，為了與電η電—電機額定效率(％)n110—水機最優(yōu)單位轉(zhuǎn)速65.3(r/m將以上參數(shù)代入公式,求得水機轉(zhuǎn)速為1014r/min,為了與電機頭76m，求得單位轉(zhuǎn)速為63r/min，從綜合運行特性曲線上查得水輪機在最高效率點略偏下方運行。將水輪機控制在模型轉(zhuǎn)輪效率為92%高效區(qū)運行時，對應(yīng)的單位流量最大與最小值分別為0.40m3/s和頭70m，求得單位轉(zhuǎn)速為66r/min，從綜合運行特性曲線上查得水輪機在最高效率點略偏上方運行。將水輪機控制在模型轉(zhuǎn)輪效率為92%高效區(qū)運行，對應(yīng)的單位流量最大與最小值分別為0.41m3/s和頭73m，求得單位轉(zhuǎn)速為64r/min，從綜合運行特性曲線上查得水輪機在最高效率點略偏下方運行。將水輪機控制在模型輪效率為92%高效區(qū)運行，對應(yīng)的單位流量最大與最小值分別為0.40m3/s和0.34m3/s,取水輪機效率修正值為-4％、發(fā)電機較率為92％,可求得發(fā)電由水輪機綜合運行特性曲線查得限制工況時汽蝕系數(shù)為0.07,汽蝕修正系數(shù)取0.015,求得吸出高度:機組安裝高程（既主軸中心高程）=正常高尾水的帶旁通閥的閘閥，型號為D941X-10-DG600；YT-300調(diào)速器，手動為6.1T，故選擇10T的起重機。在屋面梁底的機組軸線位置安裝一電站最小水頭70m，從堝殼取水經(jīng)壓過濾后作為廠房的技術(shù)供廠房校核洪水位高出發(fā)電機層地面1.1m，洪水時有一定水流滲入廠房，加上機組冷卻后的廢水，初步估算每小時最大滲水量約為切割機、砂輪機、扳手等。在宿舍樓內(nèi)設(shè)工發(fā)電機選型為SFW500—6/850，最大送網(wǎng)功率為發(fā)電機額定功率2×500KW，機端出線電壓在綜合考慮發(fā)電成本及供電可靠性等因素為1000kw，由于電站以輸送電能為運作方式，主變應(yīng)考慮能滿足最大送網(wǎng)功率要求，無需考慮大網(wǎng)倒送負(fù)荷需要，故主變采用S9—1250KVA(10.5/0.4)雙繞組變壓器。綜合考慮繼電保護，通訊干擾等因素，進(jìn)行分析比較，采用常規(guī)Y/△—11接線。避雷針避雷，接地體采用預(yù)埋鋼構(gòu)的方法，使接地電阻小于10Ω。夜晚人工照明。本地區(qū)多年平均氣溫16.5度,最低氣溫-13.5度,氣在引水隧洞洞首設(shè)潛孔式平面斜拉鋼閘門一道，用于引水建筑在施工支洞口及壓力鋼管首分別設(shè)置φ800和φ600毫米內(nèi)徑的在廠房后山陡坡段設(shè)內(nèi)徑1.0m的壓力鋼管,長170m，在置的兩臺機組壓力鋼支管，支管直徑0.7m，叉管處設(shè)鋼筋混凝土鎮(zhèn)墩，壓力鋼管最大埋深為3m，埋入部分外包砼，明敷部分作三油二外加2mm的銹蝕,最后確定鋼管壁厚為6mm。7施工組織設(shè)計集雨面積30.6km2，調(diào)節(jié)庫容為8×104m3，是一座以發(fā)電為主要效益XX水電站位于XX省XX河上游的XX支流，該支流發(fā)源于XX兩整個流域范圍內(nèi)山青水秀，樹木茂密，植被狀況良好，XX水電站以日照充足，無霜期長，四季分明。多年平均年降水量1489mm，多年受季風(fēng)影響，有春夏多雨水的規(guī)律，全年雨量多集中中4—8月，約平均流量0.292m3/s，壩址設(shè)計洪水成果：設(shè)計洪水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(p=5%)時洪400.00m3/s?？菟谖迥暌挥龅难咭嗖捎谜惩列眽幙棿^水圍堰，堰頂寬采用2m，迎水坡及背水經(jīng)常性排水采用明式排式，圍壩的滲透流量按下式計H2-h2算:q=k2L統(tǒng)計算經(jīng)常性排水流量為50m3/h，排水設(shè)備選用潛水電泵，功至XX鄉(xiāng)的村級公路已至發(fā)電廠房和攔水壩近旁,將村級公路接附近各建一倉庫堆放，施工隊伍借用附近民房或搭臨時工棚作生活的混流式臥軸發(fā)電機組，總裝機容量1000kw，設(shè)備用農(nóng)用車運至廠8工程管理、環(huán)境保護與水土保持設(shè)計設(shè)置管理機構(gòu)，新建一綜合辦公樓，建筑面積為200m2，兼有倉施工噪聲主要為各種施工機械運行產(chǎn)生的噪聲和汽車運輸產(chǎn)生的交通噪聲。由于其分布較為分散，噪聲防護沒有經(jīng)流失。因此，本方案重點對工程項目建設(shè)期（1）原地貌、土地及植被等水保設(shè)施損壞的預(yù)測2）工程建設(shè)棄的水土流失治理達(dá)到95%以上；目建設(shè)區(qū)和直接影響區(qū)兩個區(qū)域，總面積80hm2。項目建設(shè)區(qū)面積為出口設(shè)計一個棄土（石）場，計劃棄石（砂）量0.4萬多m3,占地面施工場地的清理和平整，結(jié)合工程管理和生產(chǎn)生活區(qū)做好硬化和綠公路修建水土流失防治區(qū)：全長400m，重點是做好路內(nèi)的排水在隧洞出口及施工支洞口棄碴場設(shè)漿砌毛石擋墻護腳,上壩公路水庫保護范圍內(nèi)現(xiàn)有林草植被條件好,為保護工程安全運行,防止庫區(qū)水土流失,維護和改善庫區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境,對水庫保護范圍現(xiàn)有林9水庫淹沒處理及工程永久占地別為307.67m和308.40m，參照有關(guān)庫區(qū)淹沒界線劃分原則,確定本工程林地、耕地與房屋的淹沒界線分別為307.00m、308.17m和根據(jù)XX縣現(xiàn)行的庫區(qū)移民征用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及該電站業(yè)主與當(dāng)?shù)卣?0工程估算5、其他臨時工程按建筑工程合計的2%計取6、基本預(yù)備費按10%計取、價差預(yù)備費根據(jù)國家計委《國家計編號工程或費用名稱建安工作費設(shè)備購置及安裝費其它費用合計Ⅰ建筑工程211.60211.601攔河壩56.7656.762引水隧道127.19127.193壓力管5.525.524廠房21.1521.155升壓站0.980.98Ⅱ機電設(shè)備及安裝工程77.0077.00Ⅲ金屬結(jié)構(gòu)及安裝工程26.4026.40Ⅳ臨時工程13.4913.49Ⅴ其它費用37.8137.81Ⅵ庫區(qū)淹沒與占用補償15.0015.00225.09103.4052.81381.30Ⅶ預(yù)備費38.13Ⅷ靜態(tài)總投資419.43序號項目單位數(shù)量單價合價備注建筑工程2116000.00一攔河壩567600.001人工挖運土m310．001000.002挖掘機配汽車運土m38008．506800.003一般石方開挖m324.002400.004溝槽石方開挖m38070.005600.005壩體砌筑m32700120.00324000.006壩體砼m3500280.00140000.007鋼筋制安T4500.0045000.008銅片止水m40220.008800.009帷幕灌漿m200.0026400.00另星項目元10000.00二引水隧洞1271900.001人工挖裝運土m310.001000.002溝槽石方開挖m38070.005600.003平洞石方開挖m2470500.001235000.004洞內(nèi)漿砌塊石m3100.005000.005砼m3300.009000.006鋼筋制安t14500.004500.007洞內(nèi)巖石水泥砂漿抹面m22009.001800.008零星項目與引水元10000.00序號項目單位數(shù)量單價合價備注三壓力輸水管55200.001機械土方m38.508500.002溝槽石方m370.007000.003漿砌毛石墻m390.002700.004支墩砼m3300.007500.005鎮(zhèn)墩砼m3300.0015000.006鋼筋制安T14500.004500.007零星項目項110000.0010000.00四廠房211450.001機械土方m35008.504250.002溝槽石方開挖m370.0010500.003廠房下部砼m3280200.0056000.004廠房上部砼m3400.0030000.005鋼筋制安m34500.0054000.006磚砌體m3170.0020400.007抹灰m39.0013500.008m365120.007800.009照明元5000.00零星項目元10000.00五升壓站m39850.001人工挖裝運土m320010.002000.002漿砌塊石m3120.001800.003管溝磚砌體m35170.00850.004砼預(yù)制板m4300