海南省英語初三上學期試題與參考答案

海南省英語初三上學期復習試題與參考答案一、聽力部分（本大題有20小題，每小題1分，共20分）1、Listentotheconversationandchoosethebestanswer.A.Themanisaskingfordirectionstothelibrary.B.Thewomanislookingforabookabouthistory.C.Theyarediscussingtheopeninghoursofthemuseum.Answer:A

Explanation:Intheconversation,themancanbeheardaskingfordirections,indicatingthatheislookingforthelibrary.2、Listentothedialogueandfillintheblankwiththecorrectword.

W:Excuseme,whereisthenearestbank,please?

M:It’sonMainStreet,butyoumightwanttotakeataxibecauseit’squiteawalk.Blank:_______________Answer:a

Explanation:Thecorrectwordtofillintheblankis“a”because“thenearest”impliesthatthereismorethanonebankand“abank”istheobjectbeingreferredto.3、Youhearaconversationbetweentwostudents,AliceandBob,discussingtheirweekendplans.Listentotheconversationandchoosethecorrectanswertothequestionthatfollows.Question:WhatdoesAlicedecidetodothisweekend?

A)Gotothebeachwithherfriends.

B)Stayathomeandreadabook.

C)Visithergrandparentsinthecountryside.

D)Gohikinginthemountains.Answer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,Alicementionsthatshedoesn’tfeellikegoingoutandwouldratherstayhomeandreadabook.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB)Stayathomeandreadabook.4、Youhearashortmonologueabouttheimportanceofexercise.Listentothemonologueandanswerthequestionthatfollows.Question:Whatisthemainideaofthemonologue?

A)Exerciseisonlyimportantforprofessionalathletes.

B)Regularexercisecanimprovebothphysicalandmentalhealth.

C)Exerciseisawasteoftimeandshouldbeavoided.

D)Onlycertaintypesofexercisearebeneficialforeveryone.Answer:B

Explanation:Themonologueemphasizesthebenefitsofregularexerciseforbothphysicalandmentalhealth,includingimprovedmood,increasedenergylevels,andreducedriskofdiseases.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB)Regularexercisecanimprovebothphysicalandmentalhealth.5、Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwofriends,AliceandBob.Alice:HiBob,haveyouheardaboutthenewsciencemuseumintown?

Bob:Yes,Ihave.Itsoundsamazing.Theysaytheyhaveinteractiveexhibits.

Alice:Really?Ican’twaittogo.Iespeciallyliketheoneaboutthehumanbody.

Bob:Metoo.Iheardtheyhaveavirtualrealityexperiencethatletsyouexploretheinsideofthebody.

Alice:Wow,thatsoundsincredible.Whenareyouplanningtogo?

Bob:Ithinkthisweekend.Doyouwanttocomewithme?Question:WhatareAliceandBobdiscussing?

A)Anewsciencemuseum

B)Avirtualrealitygame

C)Anewshoppingcenter

D)AnewmovieAnswer:A

Explanation:Theconversationrevolvesaroundthenewsciencemuseumintown,whichiswhythecorrectanswerisA)Anewsciencemuseum.Theotheroptionsarenotmentionedintheconversation.6、YouarelisteningtoaweatherreportforthecityofLondon.WeatherReport:

Londonhasbeenexperiencingaseriesofstormsoverthepastfewdays.TheNationalWeatherServicehasissuedasevereweatherwarningforthearea.Theforecastforthenext24hourscallsforheavyrain,strongwinds,andpossibleflooding.Residentsareadvisedtostayindoorsandavoidnon-essentialtravel.Thetemperatureisexpectedtodropsignificantly,withalowof8degreesCelsius.Acoldfrontisexpectedtomoveinlatertonight,bringingwithitachanceofsnow.Question:WhatisthemainweatherconcerninLondonatthemoment?

A)Heavysnowfall

B)Extremeheat

C)Floodingandstrongwinds

D)DroughtAnswer:C

Explanation:Theweatherreportexplicitlymentionsheavyrain,strongwinds,andpossibleflooding,indicatingthatthemainweatherconcernisC)Floodingandstrongwinds.Theotheroptionsarenotmentionedorimpliedinthereport.7、Whatisthenameoftheauthorofthebook“ToKillaMockingbird”?MarkTwainHarperLeeF.ScottFitzgeraldJ.K.RowlingAnswer:B

Explanation:ThecorrectanswerisB)HarperLee,assheistheauthorof“ToKillaMockingbird.”8、Howmanyseasonsarethereinthefourseasonsofayear?2345Answer:C

Explanation:ThecorrectanswerisC)4,astherearefourseasonsinayear:spring,summer,autumn,andwinter.9.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacher.Student:Mr.

Smith,canyouexplainthedifferencebetween“affect”and“effect”again?Teacher:Sure,theverb“affect”meanstohaveaninfluenceonsomething.Forexample,thenewpolicywillaffecttheeconomy.Ontheotherhand,“effect”isanounthatreferstotheresultofanactionorcause.Forinstance,theeconomicchangeshaveasignificanteffectonourdailylives.Question:Whatisthedifferencebetween“affect”and“effect”accordingtotheteacher?

Answer:“Affect”isaverbthatmeanstohaveaninfluence,while“effect”isanounthatreferstotheresult.10.Youarelisteningtoaweatherreport.WeatherReport:ThecityofLondonwillexperienceamildspellofweatheroverthenextthreedays.Temperaturesareexpectedtoriseslightly,reachingamaximumof15degreesCelsius.Thereisa60%chanceofscatteredshowersinthelateafternoon.Thewindisexpectedtobelight,comingfromthenorth-northwestataround5to10milesperhour.Question:WhatistheexpectedmaximumtemperatureinLondonoverthenextthreedays?

Answer:Theexpectedmaximumtemperatureis15degreesCelsius.11.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwofriends,MarkandLily.Theyarediscussingtheirfavoritesubjectsatschool.Mark:“HeyLily,what’syourfavoritesubjectatschool?”Lily:“Well,Ithinkit’sMath.Ireallyenjoysolvingproblemsandfindingsolutions.”Mark:“That’scool!IalsolikeMath,butmyfavoritesubjectisHistory.Ifinditfascinatingtolearnaboutdifferentcivilizationsandtheircontributionstotheworld.”Question:WhatisLily’sfavoritesubjectatschool?

A)Math

B)History

C)Science

D)EnglishAnswer:A)Math

Explanation:Intheconversation,LilyexplicitlystatesthatherfavoritesubjectisMath.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA)Math.12.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudent,Alice.TheteacherisaskingAliceaboutherweekendplans.Teacher:“Alice,howwasyourweekend?”Alice:“Itwasgreat,thankyou!Iwenttothebeachwithmyfamily.Wehadalotoffunplayingbeachvolleyballandswimming.”Teacher:“Thatsoundslikealotoffun!Didyoudoanythingelsespecial?”Alice:“Yes,wealsovisitedmygrandparents.Theygavemesomehomemadecookies.Theyweredelicious!”Question:WhatdidAlicedowithherfamilyontheweekend?

A)Theywenttothebeach

B)Theyvisitedhergrandparents

C)Theywatchedamovie

D)TheywentshoppingAnswer:A)Theywenttothebeach

Explanation:Inthedialogue,Alicementionsthatshewenttothebeachwithherfamilyandhadfunplayingbeachvolleyballandswimming.Thus,thecorrectanswerisA)Theywenttothebeach.13.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacherinaclassroom.Student:“MissSmith,canyouexplaintheprocessofphotosynthesisagain?”Teacher:“Certainly,it’saprocesswhereplantsconvertsunlight,carbondioxide,andwaterintooxygenandglucose.Theequationis6CO2+6H2O+lightenergy→C6H12O6+6O2.Doyouunderstand,John?”Student:“Yes,MissSmith,butcanyougivemeasimpleexample?”Teacher:“Sure,thinkofitlikethis:duringtheday,leavesabsorbsunlightandcarbondioxidefromtheair.Thewateristakenupfromtheroots.Throughaseriesofchemicalreactions,theleavesproduceglucose,whichisusedforenergy,andoxygen,whichisreleasedintotheatmosphere.”Question:WhatdoestheteacherusetoexplaintheprocessofphotosynthesistoJohn?

A)Adiagram

B)Arealplant

C)Asimpleanalogy

D)AcomplexchemicalequationAnswer:C)Asimpleanalogy14.Youarelisteningtoaradiointerviewwithafamouschef,ChefMaria,whoistalkingabouthercookingphilosophy.Interviewer:“ChefMaria,yourcuisineisknownforitsuniqueblendofflavors.Canyoutellushowyoudevelopnewrecipes?”ChefMaria:“Absolutely.Ialwaysstartwithabaseflavor,likegarlicorlemon,andthenIbuildfromthere.Iexperimentwithdifferentspicesandherbs,andsometimesevenunexpectedingredients.It’sallaboutbalancingtheflavorsandcreatingsomethingthat’sbothfamiliarandnew.”Interviewer:“Thatsoundsinteresting.Doyouhaveafavoriteingredientthatyouliketouseinmostofyourdishes?”ChefMaria:“Iwouldsaymyfavoriteingredientisoliveoil.Itaddsarichnessanddepthtomanydishes,andit’ssomethingIuseinalmosteverythingIcook.”Question:WhatdoesChefMariauseasabaseflavorwhendevelopingnewrecipes?

A)Oliveoil

B)Garlic

C)Lemon

D)SpicesAnswer:B)Garlic15.A:Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?

B:Iusuallygotoschoolbybus,buttodayItookataxibecauseitwasrainingheavily.Question:Whatdidthestudentdotodaytogotoschool?

A)Hetookthebus.

B)Hetookataxi.

C)Hewalkedtoschool.

D)Hedidn’tgotoschool.Answer:B)Hetookataxi.Explanation:Thestudentmentionsthattodayhetookataxitogotoschoolbecauseitwasrainingheavily,indicatingthatthisisthemodeoftransportationheusedonthisparticularday.16.A:Iheardthatyouwenttothemuseumlastweekend.Didyoulikeit?

B:Yes,Ireallyenjoyedit.Thereweresomanyinterestingexhibits.Myfavoriteonewasthedinosaurexhibit.Question:Whatwasthestudent’sfavoriteexhibitatthemuseum?

A)Theartexhibit.

B)Thedinosaurexhibit.

C)Thehistoricalexhibit.

D)Thescienceexhibit.Answer:B)Thedinosaurexhibit.Explanation:Thestudentexplicitlystatesthattheirfavoriteexhibitwasthedinosaurexhibit,whichdirectlyanswersthequestion.17.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacherinaschoollibrary.Student:Hi,Mrs.

Green.Iwaswonderingifyoucouldhelpmefindabookonancienthistoryformyresearchproject.Teacher:Sure,Icanhelpyouwiththat.Doyouhaveaspecifictopicinmind?Student:Yes,I’minterestedintheRomanEmpire.Teacher:OK,let’ssee…IthinkIhaveafewbooksonthattopic.Here,takethisone.It’squitecomprehensive.Student:Great,thankyou,Mrs.

Green.Question:Whatisthestudentlookingforinthelibrary?

A)Abookonmodernhistory

B)AbookontheRomanEmpire

C)Abookonscience

D)AbookonmathematicsAnswer:B)AbookontheRomanEmpireExplanation:ThestudentexplicitlystatesthattheyareinterestedinabookontheRomanEmpirefortheirresearchproject.18.YouarelisteningtoaweatherforecastforthecityofLondon.Forecast:Goodmorning,Londoners.Here’syourweatherforecastfortheday.Theskieswillbemostlycloudywithachanceoflightraininthelateafternoon.Thetemperatureisexpectedtobearound12degreesCelsius,feelingcoolerwiththewind.There’salsoawarningforstrongwindsintheregion,especiallynearthecoast.Pleasestayindoorsifpossibleanddrivecarefullyifyou’reontheroads.Question:WhatistheweatherforecastfortheafternooninLondon?

A)Clearskies

B)Sunnywithafewclouds

C)Mostlycloudywithachanceofrain

D)RainywithstrongwindsAnswer:C)MostlycloudywithachanceofrainExplanation:Theforecastmentions“achanceoflightraininthelateafternoon,”indicatingthattheweatherwillbemostlycloudywithapossibilityofrain.19.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacher.Thestudentisaskingtheteacheraboutthedeadlineforaschoolproject.Student:Excuseme,Mr.

Smith.Canyoutellmethedeadlineforourscienceproject?Teacher:Yes,thedeadlineison___________.A.the15thofnextmonthB.the20thofthismonthC.theendofnextweekD.the10thofnextmonthAnswer:AExplanation:Theteacherconfirmsthedeadlineasthe15thofnextmonth,whichisoptionA.20.Listentoadialoguebetweentwofriendsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Friend1:Hey,whatdoyouthinkweshoulddothisweekend?Friend2:Well,howaboutwegohikinginthemountains?Friend1:Thatsoundsgreat!Doyouhaveanyideawhichpathweshouldtake?Friend2:Yes,Ithinkweshouldtakethe___________trail.It’snottoodifficultandoffersabeautifulview.A.easyB.moderateC.challengingD.steepAnswer:BExplanation:Thesecondfriendsuggeststakingthe“moderate”trail,whichisoptionB,becauseitisnottoodifficultbutstilloffersabeautifulview.二、閱讀理解（30分））Passage:Inasmalltowninthecountryside,therewasateachernamedMr.

Green.Mr.

Greenwasakindandcaringteacherwhowaslovedbyallhisstudents.Hewasnotonlygoodatteaching,butalsohadauniquewayofmakinglearningfun.Oneday,Mr.

GreendecidedtoorganizeaspecialEnglishcompetitionforhisstudents.HewantedtoencouragethemtopracticetheirEnglishandimprovetheircommunicationskills.Thecompetitionwasdividedintothreerounds:reading,writing,andspeaking.ThereadingroundinvolvedapassageaboutafamousEnglishpoet,WilliamShakespeare.ThepassagedescribedShakespeare’slife,hisfamousplays,andhisinfluenceontheEnglishlanguage.Thewritingroundrequiredstudentstowriteashortessayabouttheirfavoritebook.Theywereencouragedtoexpresstheirthoughtsandfeelingsaboutthebook,andtousegoodgrammarandvocabulary.Thespeakingroundwasthemostchallengingpartofthecompetition.Studentswereaskedtopresentashortspeechonatopicoftheirchoice,andthenanswerquestionsfromtheaudience.Amongallthestudents,agirlnamedLilywasparticularlyexcitedaboutthecompetition.ShehadalwaysbeenpassionateaboutEnglishandwasdeterminedtodoherbest.Questions:1.WhatwasthespecialcompetitionorganizedbyMr.

Green?A.AsciencefairB.AsportscompetitionC.AnEnglishcompetitionD.Amathcompetition2.Whatwasthefirstroundofthecompetitionabout?A.Shakespeare’splaysB.FamousEnglishpoetsC.Shakespeare’sinfluenceontheEnglishlanguageD.Readingskills3.WhatwasLily’sattitudetowardsthecompetition?A.Shewasnervousanddidn’twanttoparticipate.B.Shewasindifferentanddidn’tcareaboutwinning.C.Shewasexcitedandpassionateaboutit.D.Shewasworriedandthoughtshecouldn’tdowell.Answers:1.C2.A3.C三、完型填空（15分）Passage:InthesmalltownofGreenfield,thelibrarywasaplacewheremanypeoplefoundrefugefromthehustleandbustleofdailylife.Thelibrarian,Mrs.

Thompson,wasknownforherkindnessandpatience.Shelovedtosharestorieswiththechildrenandteachthemtheimportanceofreading.Onerainyafternoon,ayoungboynamedJamiewanderedintothelibrary.HehadjustmovedtoGreenfieldwithhisfamilyandwasfeelingquitelonely.Mrs.

Thompsonnoticedhimsittingaloneinthecorner,lookinglost.“Hellothere,Jamie,”shesaidwarmly.“Wouldyouliketojoinourstorytimethisafternoon?”Jamielookedup,hiseyeslightingupwithcuriosity.“Really?CanI?”“Ofcourse,”Mrs.

Thompsonrepliedwithasmile.“Whydon’tyoupickabookandI’llreadittoyou?”Jamieeagerlychoseabookaboutayoungadventurer.AsMrs.

Thompsonbegantoread,Jamiewastransportedtoaworldofimaginationandwonder.1.Thelibrarywasaplacewheremanypeoplefound(a)A.restB.excitementC.workD.trouble2.Mrs.Thompsonwasknownforher(a)A.impatienceB.kindnessC.strictnessD.laziness3.Jamiewasfeeling(a)A.happyB.lonelyC.excitedD.confident4.Mrs.Thompsonofferedto(a)A.playagamewithJamieB.readabooktoJamieC.sendJamiehomeD.buyJamieasnack5.ThebookJamiechosewasabout(a)A.alibrarianB.ayoungadventurerC.ateacherD.adoctorAnswers:1.B.kindness2.B.kindness3.B.lonely4.B.readabooktoJamie5.B.ayoungadventurer四、語法填空題（本大題有10小題，每小題1分，共10分）1、Inthe1morning,we2tothemuseumwithourteacher.A.firstB.firstaC.firstandD.firstof答案：A

解析：此處考查序數(shù)詞的用法。根據(jù)句意，我們需要表達的是“在第一個早上”，序數(shù)詞”first”直接使用即可，因此選A。2、Ifit3tomorrow,wewillgoforapicnic.A.rainsB.israiningC.willrainD.rained答案：A

解析：此處考查條件狀語從句的時態(tài)。根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)，我們需要一個表示將來可能發(fā)生的動作的時態(tài)，所以使用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。因此選A。3、Theteacher______(be)verystrictwithhisstudents,______(not)allowinganynoiseintheclassroom.答案：is;does

解析：第一空根據(jù)句意和語境，應該用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，表示老師一貫的嚴格，所以用is。第二空是對前一句的重復，因此用助動詞does來構(gòu)成否定句。4、Although______(be)adifficulttask,theymanagedtocompleteitintime.答案：it

解析：這里需要用代詞it來指代前文提到的adifficulttask，因為task在這里是單數(shù)，所以用it。句意：盡管這是一項艱巨的任務，他們還是及時完成了它。5.Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulgarden__________inthisarea.A.tobebuiltB.builtC.tobuildD.buildingAnswer:BExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“built”becausethesentencedescribesacompletedactioninthepast.Thephrase“suchabeautifulgarden”isthesubject,and“built”actsasapastparticipletodescribethegarden’scondition,indicatingthatthegardenwasbuiltbeforethepresenttime.6.Shewas__________whenshereceivedthenewsofherson’sgraduation.A.sohappythatshecriedB.sohappytocryC.toohappytocryD.veryhappytocryAnswer:AExplanation:Thecorrectansweris“sohappythatshecried”becausethisphraseeffectivelyconveystheideathatherhappinesswassointensethatitledtohercrying.The“so…that”structureisusedheretoexpressaresult,and“cried”isinthepasttense,indicatingthatithappenedinthepast.Theotheroptionsdonotcorrectlyexpresstheintendedresult.7.Inthe__________(be)ofthenewlibrary,thestudentsareexcitedaboutthewiderangeofbooksavailable.Answer:being

Explanation:Thephrase“inthe__________of”isafixedexpressionthatoftenrequiresagerundasthesubject.Here,“being”isthegerundformoftheverb“be”thatfitsthecontext.8.Ifyou__________(go)totheconcertlastnight,youwouldhaveheardafantasticperformance.Answer:hadgone

Explanation:Thesentencedescribesapasthypotheticalsituation.Thecorrectformoftheverbtouseinthiscontextisthepastperfecttense“hadgone,”whichisusedtoexpressanactionthatwouldhavehappenedinthepastifaconditioninthepasthadbeentrue.9.Theboy,___________Imetatthelibraryyesterday,isgoingtobemynewneighbor.A.whomB.whoC.thatD.whichAnswer:B

Explanation:Therelativepronoun“who”isusedtorefertoapersoninarelativeclause.Thesentenceisaboutaperson(theboy)whowasmetatthelibrary,so“who”isthecorrectchoice.10.She___________herhomeworklastnightbecauseshewastootired.A.didn’tdoB.don’tdoC.doesn’tdoD.hadn’tdoneAnswer:A

Explanation:Thesentencedescribesanactionthathappenedinthepast(“l(fā)astnight”).Thenegativepastsimpletenseisusedhere,whichisformedwith“didn’t”followedbythebaseformoftheverb“do.”Therefore,“didn’tdo”isthecorrectanswer.五、簡答題（本大題有5小題，每小題2分，共10分）1、Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenpresentperfecttenseandpresentperfectcontinuoustense?答案：1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathaveapresentresult.Itdoesnotfocusonthedurationoftheaction.2.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepast,continueinthepresent,andmaycontinueintothefuture.Itemphasizesthedurationoftheaction.解析：Thisquestionteststheunderstandingofthepresentperfectandpresentperfectcontinuoustenses.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedforcompletedactionswithapresentconnection,whilethepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedforactionsthatareongoingorhavebeengoingonforsometime.Thedifferenceslieinthefocusontheaction’scompletionanditsduration.2、HowdoyouformthefutureperfecttenseinEnglish?答案：Thefutureperfecttenseisformedbycombiningthefuturetenseof“tobe”(willhave)withthepastparticipleofthemainverb.解析：ThisquestionasksaboutthestructureofthefutureperfecttenseinEnglish.Thefutureperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthatwillbecompletedbeforeacertainfuturetime.Itisformedbyusing“willhave”followedbythepastparticipleformofthemainverb,whichindicatescompletionataspecificpointinthefuture.Understandingthisstructureisessentialforformingcorrectfutureperfectsentences.3、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenasimplepresenttenseandapresentcontinuoustenseinEnglishgrammar?Answer:

Themaindifferencesbetweenasimplepresenttenseandapresentcontinuoustenseareasfollows:1.TimeFrame:SimplePresentTense:Itisusedtodescribehabits,generaltruths,andunchangingsituations.PresentContinuousTense:Itisusedtodescribeactionshappeningatthemomentofspeakingorongoingactions.2.VerbForm:SimplePresentTense:Theverbisinitsbaseform(e.g.,Igo,youeat).PresentContinuousTense:Theverbisinthepresentcontinuousform(e.g.,Iamgoing,youareeating).3.Connotation:SimplePresentTense:Ithasamorepermanentorstableconnotation.PresentContinuousTense:Ithasamoretemporaryortemporaryconnotation.4.UseinSentences:SimplePresentTense:“Ilikeapples.”(Ageneraltruth)PresentContinuousTense:“Iameatinganapple.”(Anactionhappeningatthemoment)3、HowcanyouidentifythevoiceofasentenceinEnglish,andwhatarethethreemaintypesofvoice?Answer:

ToidentifythevoiceofasentenceinEnglish,youneedtolookatthesubjectandtheactionoftheverb.Thethreemaintypesofvoiceare:1.ActiveVoice:Characterizedbythesubjectperformingtheaction.Example:“Thedogchasedthecat.”(Thedogisthesubjectandisperformingtheactionofchasing.)2.PassiveVoice:Characterizedbythesubjectreceivingtheaction.Example:“Thecatwaschasedbythedog.”(Thecatisthesubjectandisreceivingtheactionofbeingchased.)3.MiddleVoice:Characterizedbythesubjectperformingtheactionandalsoreceivingtheresultoftheaction.Example:“Thedogbarkedandwasscared.”(Thedogperformstheactionofbarkingandalsoreceivestheresultofbeingscared.)Identifyingthevoicehelpsinunderstandingthefocusandperspectiveofthesentence.5、Whatarethemaindifferencesbetweenpresentperfecttenseandpresentperfectcontinuoustense?Answer:1.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthatstartedinthepastandcontinuetothepresent,oractionsthathaveapresentresult.Itdoesnotfocusonthedurationoftheaction.2.Thepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtoemphasizethedurationoftheaction.Itindicatesthattheactionstartedinthepast,isstillongoing,andmaycontinueintothefuture.Explanation:

Thepresentperfect