《攜手構(gòu)建人類命運共同體：中國的倡議與行動》白皮書（中英雙語對照）

TheStateCouncilInformationOfficeof攜手構(gòu)建人類命運共同體：中國的倡議與行動thePeople'sRepublicofChina(2023年9月)September2023中華人民共和國國務(wù)院新聞辦公室ContentsPreface前言I.HumanityataCrossroads一、人類站在歷史的十字路口(一)相互依存是歷史大勢(二)全球性挑戰(zhàn)需要全球性應(yīng)對(三)新時代呼喚新理念I(lǐng)I.AnAnswertotheCalloftheTimesandaBlueprintfortheFuture二、解答時代之問，描繪未來愿景(一)確立國際關(guān)系新思路(二)彰顯全球治理新特征(三)開創(chuàng)國際交往新格局(四)共建美好世界新愿景III.DeepRootsinHistoryandCulturalTraditions三、扎根深厚歷史文化土壤(一)傳承中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化(二)體現(xiàn)中國共產(chǎn)黨的世界情懷(三)弘揚新中國外交優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)(四)兼收并蓄人類優(yōu)秀文明成果IV.DirectionandPath四、既有目標(biāo)方向，也有實現(xiàn)路徑(一)推動新型經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化(二)走和平發(fā)展道路(三)構(gòu)建新型國際關(guān)系(四)踐行真正的多邊主義(五)弘揚全人類共同價值V.China'sActionandContribution五、中國既是倡導(dǎo)者也是行動派(一)推動高質(zhì)量共建“一帶一路”(二)落實“三大全球倡議”(三)與越來越多的國家和地區(qū)共同行動(四)為各領(lǐng)域國際合作注入強(qiáng)勁動力Conclusion結(jié)束語Preface前言宇宙只有一個地球，人類共有一個家園。但是，我們賴以生存的星球正面臨前所未有的巨大危機(jī)——既有已知的，更有未知的；既有可預(yù)測的，更有不可預(yù)測的。人類文明存亡已是必須面對的現(xiàn)實課題。越來越多的人意識到，相對于物質(zhì)財富的積累，尤為緊迫的是，要本著對人類命運的終極關(guān)懷，找到人類文明永續(xù)發(fā)展的精神指引。IntheuniversethereisonlyoneEarth,thesharedhomeofhumanity.Unfortunately,thisplanetonwhichwerelyforoursubsistenceisfacingimmenseandunprecedentedcrises,bothknownandunknown,bothforeseeableandunforeseeable.Whetherhumancivilizationcansurvivethesehasbecomeanexistentialissuethatmustbesquarelyfaced.Moreandmorepeoplehavecometotherealizationthatratherthanamassingmaterialwealth,themostpressingtaskistofindaguidingbeaconforthesustainabledevelopmentofhumancivilization,becauseweallcareaboutourfuture.10年前，習(xí)近平主席提出構(gòu)建人類命運共同體理念，目的就是回答“人類向何處去”的世界之問、歷史之問、時代之問，為彷徨求索的世界點亮前行之路，為各國人民走向攜手同心共護(hù)家園、共享繁榮的美好未來貢獻(xiàn)中國方案。TenyearsagoPresidentXiJinpingpropoundedtheideaofbuildingaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture,answeringaquestionraisedbytheworld,byhistory,andbythetimes:"Whereishumanityheaded?"Hisproposallightsthepathforwardastheworldfumblesforsolutions,andrepresentsChina'scontributiontoglobaleffortstoprotectoursharedhomeandcreateabetterfutureofprosperityforall.構(gòu)建人類命運共同體，就是每個民族、每個國家、每個人的前途命運都緊緊聯(lián)系在一起，應(yīng)該風(fēng)雨同舟，榮辱與共，努力把我們生于斯、長于斯的星球建成一個和睦的大家庭，推動建設(shè)持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁榮、開放包容、清潔美麗的世界，把各國人民對美好生活的向往變成現(xiàn)實。Tobuildaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture,allpeoples,allcountries,andallindividuals–ourdestiniesbeinginterconnected–muststandtogetherinadversityandthroughthickandthin,navigatingtowardsgreaterharmonyonthisplanetthatwecallhome.Weshouldendeavortobuildanopen,inclusive,cleanandbeautifulworldthatenjoyslastingpeace,universalsecurity,andcommonprosperity,turningpeople'slongingforabetterlifeintoreality.構(gòu)建人類命運共同體理念，著眼全人類的福祉，既有現(xiàn)實思考，又有未來前瞻；既描繪了美好愿景，又提供了實踐路徑和行動方案；既關(guān)乎人類的前途，也攸關(guān)每一個體的命運。Thevisionofaglobalcommunityofsharedfuturebearsinmindthewellbeingofallhumanity.Itisbasedonbothobservationofthepresentandvisionaryplanningforthefuture.Itlaysoutgoals,chartsthepath,andoffersactionplanstoachievethem.Itconcernsthefutureofhumanityandthedestinyofeveryhumanbeing.10年來，構(gòu)建人類命運共同體的理念不斷豐富和發(fā)展。從習(xí)近平主席2013年在莫斯科國際關(guān)系學(xué)院首次提出，到2015年在第七十屆聯(lián)大一般性辯論上提出“五位一體”總體框架①，再到2017年在聯(lián)合國日內(nèi)瓦總部提出建設(shè)“五個世界”的總目標(biāo)②，人類命運共同體理念的思想內(nèi)涵不斷深化拓展。PresidentXiJinpingfirstraisedthevisionofaglobalcommunityofsharedfuturewhenaddressingtheMoscowStateInstituteofInternationalRelationsin2013.Overthepastdecadeithasbeensteadilyenriched.Heflesheditoutwithafive-pointproposal[Thefivepointsare:Weshouldbuildpartnershipsinwhichcountriestreateachotherasequals,engageinextensiveconsultation,andenhancemutualunderstanding.Weshouldcreateasecurityenvironmentfeaturingfairness,justice,jointefforts,andsharedinterests.Weshouldpromoteopen,innovativeandinclusivedevelopmentthatbenefitsall.Weshouldincreaseinter-civilizationexchangestopromoteharmony,inclusiveness,andrespectfordifferences.WeshouldbuildanecosystemthatputsMotherNatureandgreendevelopmentfirst.]inhisspeechattheGeneralDebateofthe70thSessionoftheUNGeneralAssemblyin2015.Hefurtherproposedfivegoalsfortheworld[Thefivegoalsare:Weshouldbuildaworldoflastingpeacethroughdialogueandconsultation.Weshouldbuildaworldofcommonsecurityforallthroughjointefforts.Weshouldbuildaworldofcommonprosperitythroughwin-wincooperation.Weshouldbuildanopenandinclusiveworldthroughexchangesandmutuallearning.Weshouldmakeourworldcleanandbeautifulbypursuinggreenandlow-carbondevelopment.]inhisspeechattheUnitedNationsOfficeinGenevain2017.Thisrepresentsthesteadyincreaseinthedepthandscopeofthevision.10年來，構(gòu)建人類命運共同體的實踐穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。從雙邊到多邊，從區(qū)域到全球，這一理念取得全方位、開創(chuàng)性的豐碩成果，共建“一帶一路”倡議、全球發(fā)展倡議、全球安全倡議、全球文明倡議落地生根，給世界帶來的是繁榮穩(wěn)定的巨大紅利，創(chuàng)造的是扎扎實實的民生福祉。Thepastdecadehasseensteadyprogressinimplementingthevision.Frombilateraltomultilateralandfromregionaltoglobaldimensions,ground-breakingresultshavebeenachievedoneveryfront.TheBeltandRoadInitiative,theGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiative,andtheGlobalCivilizationInitiativehavetakenrootandbornefruits,bringingprosperityandstabilitytotheworldandcreatingsubstantivebenefitsforthepeople.10年來，構(gòu)建人類命運共同體的觀念日益深入人心。越來越多國家和人民認(rèn)識到，這一理念符合全人類共同利益，反映了世界人民追求和平、正義、進(jìn)步的心聲，匯聚了各國人民共建美好世界的最大公約數(shù)。國際社會普遍認(rèn)為，人類命運共同體理念超越利己主義和保護(hù)主義，打破了個別國家唯我獨尊的霸權(quán)思維，反映出中國對人類發(fā)展方向的獨到見解，對于推動各國團(tuán)結(jié)合作、共創(chuàng)人類美好未來具有重要意義。Overthepastdecade,thevisionofaglobalcommunityofsharedfuturehasgainedbroadersupport.Morecountriesandpeoplehavecometotheunderstandingthatthisvisionservesthecommoninterestsofhumanity,representspopularcallsforpeace,justiceandprogress,andcancreatethegreatestsynergyamongallnationsforbuildingabetterworld.Itisnowwidelyrecognizedintheinternationalcommunitythatthevisionhasnothingtodowithself-interestandprotectionism.Instead,bypresentingChina'svisionofthecourseofhumandevelopment,itconfrontsthehegemonicthinkingofcertaincountriesthatseeksupremacy.Itisthereforeofgreatsignificancetopromotesolidarityandcooperationamongallcountriesandcreateabetterfutureforhumanity.為全面介紹構(gòu)建人類命運共同體的思想內(nèi)涵和生動實踐，增進(jìn)國際社會了解和理解，凝聚廣泛共識，更好與各國攜手構(gòu)建人類命運共同體，中國政府特發(fā)布本白皮書。TheChinesegovernmentispublishingthiswhitepapertointroducethetheoreticalbase,practiceanddevelopmentofaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture.Wehopeitwillimproveunderstandingandexpandconsensusintheinternationalcommunity,andreinforcetheglobalefforttorealizethisvision.一、人類站在歷史的十字路口I.HumanityataCrossroads我們所處的是一個充滿希望的時代，也是一個充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時代。站在歷史的十字路口，是團(tuán)結(jié)還是分裂，是開放還是封閉，是合作還是對抗？如何抉擇，關(guān)乎人類整體利益，也考驗著各國的智慧。Thisisaneraofpromise,andaneraofchallenges.Atyetanothercrossroadsinhistory,wehavetochoosebetweenunityanddivision,betweenopeningupandclosingoff,betweencooperationandconfrontation.Withtheoverallinterestsofhumanityatstake,thischoiceteststhewisdomofallcountries.(一)相互依存是歷史大勢1.Interdependenceistheprevailingtrendthroughouthistory從人類社會發(fā)展史看，人類從原始社會一路走來，經(jīng)歷了農(nóng)業(yè)革命、工業(yè)革命、信息革命，但無論生產(chǎn)力如何發(fā)展進(jìn)步，都沒有改變一個最根本的現(xiàn)實：地球是人類賴以生存的唯一家園。各國有責(zé)任共同呵護(hù)地球的安全，守護(hù)人類的未來。如果為了爭權(quán)奪利而惡性競爭甚至兵戎相見，最終只會走上自我毀滅的道路。Initshistory,humanityhasprogressedfromprimitivesocietytotheAgriculturalRevolution,theIndustrialRevolution,andnowtheInformationRevolution.Whilethisprocesshasseenasteepincreaseinproductivity,onefundamentalrealityhasremainedunchanged:TheEarthisouroneandonlyhome.Allcountriesbearresponsibilityforthesafetyofthisplanetandthefutureofhumanity.Ifthepursuitofpowerandprofitescalatestoviciouscompetitionorevenarmedconflict,self-destructionwillbethecertainoutcome.自古以來，人類最樸素的愿望就是和平與發(fā)展。經(jīng)歷過戰(zhàn)爭和沖突的洗禮，尤其是遭受兩次世界大戰(zhàn)的浩劫后，世界各國人民珍視和平、擴(kuò)大合作、共同發(fā)展的意識顯著提升，人類大家庭的觀念更加深入人心，人們對共同體的向往和追求更加殷切。Throughouthistory,peaceanddevelopmenthavebeentheprimaryaspirationsofhumanity.Havingexperiencedtheravagesofwarsandconflicts,especiallythetwoworldwars,peoplearoundtheglobehavebuiltakeenerawarenessofcherishingpeace,expandingcooperation,andseekingcommondevelopment.Theideathat"weareallonehumanfamily"isgainingtraction,andthedesireforaglobalcommunitygrowsstrongerthanever.全球化在世界范圍內(nèi)優(yōu)化了資本、信息、技術(shù)、勞動、管理等生產(chǎn)要素的配置，把一個個孤立的小湖泊、小河流連成了汪洋大海，各民族自給自足的原始封閉狀態(tài)被打破，市場成為了世界市場，歷史也隨之成為世界歷史。Globalizationhasimprovedtheallocationofproductionfactorsworldwide,includingcapital,information,technology,laborandmanagement.Asifconnectingscatteredlakesandcreeksintoanuninterruptedexpanseofwater,itdrawsnationsoutofisolationandawayfromtheobsoletemodelofself-reliance,mergingtheirindividualmarketsintoaglobaloneandcombiningtheirrespectiveexperiencesintoworldhistory.在信息化日新月異的今天，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、量子計算、人工智能迅猛發(fā)展。人類交往的世界性比過去任何時候都更深入、更廣泛，各國相互聯(lián)系和彼此依存比過去任何時候都更頻繁、更緊密。全球化不是選擇，而是現(xiàn)實，甚至成為一種生活方式。地球村正變得越來越“小”，放眼寰宇，地球上最遙遠(yuǎn)的距離也不超過24小時的直飛航程。世界也正變得越來越“平”，點一點手機(jī)屏幕，就可以瞬時鏈接到世界的另一端。一體化的世界就在那兒，誰拒絕這個世界，這個世界也會拒絕他。Asinformationtechnologyadvanceswitheverypassingday,mostprominentlyinthefieldsofInternet,bigdata,quantumcomputing,andartificialintelligence,humanexchangeshavebecomedeeper,broader,andmoreextensivethaneverbefore,andcountriesaremoreinterconnectedandinterdependentthanatanypointinthepast.Globalizationisnotanoption;itistherealityandthewayoflife.Theglobalvillageisgettingsmaller–thelongestdistancebetweentwoplacesonearthhasbeenreducedtoaflightofnogreaterthan24hours,andourplanetisbecomingflat–onetaponamobilephoneconnectsustotheothersideoftheworldinasplitsecond.Thisisanintegratedworld.Thosewhoturntheirbackonitwillhavenoplaceinit.生活在同一片藍(lán)天下，無論近鄰還是遠(yuǎn)交，無論大國還是小國，無論發(fā)達(dá)國家還是發(fā)展中國家，正日益形成利益交融、安危與共的利益共同體、責(zé)任共同體、命運共同體。只有人類整體命運得以關(guān)照，每個國家、每個民族、每個人的美好希望才能實現(xiàn)。不管前途是晴是雨，攜手合作、互利共贏是唯一正確選擇。Livingonthesameplanet,allcountries,adjacentordistant,largeorsmall,developedordeveloping,aremembersofanemergingcommunityofsharedinterests,responsibility,anddestiny,whosewellbeingandsecurityareinterrelated.Onlywhenappropriateattentionispaidtothecollectivefutureofhumanityisitpossiblethatthewishesofeverycountry,peopleandindividualcometrue.Whateverwemayencounteronourjourneyahead,theonlyrightchoiceistoworktogetherforthebenefitofall.(二)全球性挑戰(zhàn)需要全球性應(yīng)對2.Globalchallengescallforglobalresponse當(dāng)今世界正處于百年未有之大變局，各種新舊問題與復(fù)雜矛盾疊加碰撞、交織發(fā)酵。人類社會面臨前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)，不穩(wěn)定、不確定、難預(yù)料成為常態(tài)。Ourworldisundergoingchangeonascaleunseeninacentury.Variousproblemsoldandnewandcomplexissuesareconvergingwithandcompoundingeachother,posingunprecedentedchallengesforhumansociety.Instability,uncertainty,andunpredictabilityarenowthenorm.和平赤字不斷加深。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來，人類社會維持了70多年的總體和平，但威脅世界和平的因素仍在積聚。歐亞大陸戰(zhàn)火重燃，局勢持續(xù)緊張，熱點問題此起彼伏，軍備競賽陰霾不散，核戰(zhàn)爭的“達(dá)摩克利斯之劍”高懸，世界面臨重新陷入對抗甚至戰(zhàn)爭的風(fēng)險。險Thepeacedeficitisgrowing.ThoughhumansocietyhaslargelymaintainedpeacesincetheendofWorldWarII,threatstoworldpeacecontinuetoamass.WarhasreturnedtotheEurasiancontinent,tensionsarerising,andaseriesofflashpointsareemerging.Theshadowofthearmsracelingerson,andthethreatofnuclearwar–theSwordofDamoclesthathangsoverhumanity–remains.Ourworldisatriskofplungingintoconfrontationandevenwar.發(fā)展赤字持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力，單邊主義、保護(hù)主義肆虐，一些國家構(gòu)筑“小院高墻”、強(qiáng)推“脫鉤斷鏈”、鼓噪供應(yīng)鏈“去風(fēng)險”，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化遭遇逆流。新冠疫情吞噬全球發(fā)展成果，南北差距、發(fā)展斷層、技術(shù)鴻溝等問題更加突出。人類發(fā)展指數(shù)30年來首次下降，世界新增1億多貧困人口，近8億人生活在饑餓之中。Thedevelopmentdeficitisballooning.Theglobaleconomicrecoveryissluggish,andunilateralismandprotectionismarerampant.Somecountriesareturningtoa"smallyard,highfence"approachtowallthemselvesoff;theyarepushingfordecoupling,severingand"derisking"supplychains.Allthishascausedsetbackstoglobalization.AtthesametimetheCovid-19pandemichasreversedglobaldevelopment,exacerbatingtheNorth-Southgap,developmentfaultlines,andthetechnologydivide.TheHumanDevelopmentIndexhasdeclinedforthefirsttimein30years.Theworld'spoorpopulationhasincreasedbymorethan100million,andnearly800millionpeopleliveinhunger.安全赤字日益凸顯。國際戰(zhàn)略競爭日趨激烈，大國之間信任缺失，冷戰(zhàn)思維卷土重來，意識形態(tài)對抗老調(diào)重彈，恃強(qiáng)凌弱、巧取豪奪、零和博弈等霸權(quán)霸道霸凌行徑危害深重，恐怖主義、網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊、跨國犯罪、生物安全等非傳統(tǒng)安全挑戰(zhàn)上升。Thesecuritydeficitisglaring.Duetomoreintenseglobalstrategiccompetitionandalackofmutualtrustbetweenmajorcountries,theColdWarmindsethasre-emerged,andcallsforideologicalconfrontationhaveresurfaced.Somecountries'hegemonic,abusive,andaggressiveactionsagainstothers,intheformofswindling,plundering,oppression,andthezero-sumgame,arecausinggreatharm.Non-traditionalsecuritychallengesareontherise,includingterrorism,cyber-attacks,transnationalcrime,andbiologicalthreats.治理赤字更加嚴(yán)峻。世界正面臨多重治理危機(jī)，能源危機(jī)、糧食危機(jī)、債務(wù)危機(jī)等不斷加劇；全球氣候治理緊迫性凸顯，綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型任重道遠(yuǎn)；數(shù)字鴻溝日益擴(kuò)大，人工智能治理缺位。新冠疫情像一面鏡子，折射出全球治理體系這臺機(jī)器越來越滯后于時代，甚至在一些問題上運轉(zhuǎn)失靈，亟待改革完善。Thegovernancedeficitismoresevere.Theworldisfacingmultiplegovernancecrises.Theenergycrisis,foodcrisis,anddebtcrisisareintensifying.Globalclimategovernanceisurgentlyneeded,andthetransitiontogreen,low-carbondevelopmentrequiresdedicatedeffortsoveranextendedperiodoftime.Thedigitaldividecontinuestoexpand,andsoundgovernanceofartificialintelligenceislacking.TheCovid-19pandemicisamirrorthroughwhichwehaveobservedthattheglobalgovernancesystemisfallingfurtherbehindthetimesandkeepsbreakingdownonissuesrequiringresolution.Ithastobereformedandimproved.面對全球性危機(jī)，各國不是乘坐在190多條小船上，而是乘坐在一條命運與共的大船上。小船經(jīng)不起風(fēng)浪，只有巨艦才能頂住驚濤駭浪。任何一國即使再強(qiáng)大也無法包打天下，必須開展全球合作。各國應(yīng)攜起手來，把“我”融入“我們”，共同構(gòu)建人類命運共同體，才能共渡難關(guān)、共創(chuàng)未來。Inthefaceofglobalcrises,the190-pluscountriesintheworldareallinthesamebigboat.Onlybigboatscanwithstandbatteringwindsandcrashingwaves.Nocountry,howeverstrongitmaybe,candoeverythingonitsown.Wemustengageinglobalcooperation.Onlywhenallcountriesworktogether,onlywhenwealignindividualinterestswiththeinterestsofall,andonlywhenwetrulybuildaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture,canhumanitytidethroughthecrisesconfrontingusandsailtowardsabetterfuture.(三)新時代呼喚新理念3.Theneweracallsfornewideas我們所處的是一個風(fēng)云變幻的時代，面對的是一個日新月異的世界。傳統(tǒng)國際關(guān)系理論越來越難以解釋今天的世界、無法破解人類面臨的困局，國強(qiáng)必霸、崇尚實力、零和博弈等思維越來越不符合時代前進(jìn)的方向。人類社會亟需符合時代特征、順應(yīng)歷史潮流的新理念。Thisisanerawhentheworldisundergoingrapidchangesalmosteveryday.Wecannolongerinterprettherealitywearelivinginorfindsatisfactorysolutionstotheconundrumswearefacingbymeansoftraditionalapproachestointernationalrelations.Itisincreasinglyobviousthattheideathat"allstrongcountrieswillseekhegemony",theobsessionwithsuperiorstrength,andthezero-summentalityareinconflictwiththeneedsofourtimes.Humanityisingreatneedofnewideasthatgeneratepositivedevelopmentsandconformtopositivehistoricaltrends.“國強(qiáng)必霸”并非繞不開的歷史定律?！皣鴱?qiáng)必霸”本質(zhì)是典型的霸權(quán)主義思維，反映的是歷史上大國霸權(quán)戰(zhàn)爭的災(zāi)難性實踐。中國從不認(rèn)同“國強(qiáng)必霸”，我們的歷史智慧是“國霸必衰”。中國發(fā)展振興靠的是自身努力，而非侵略擴(kuò)張。中國所做的一切都是為了本國人民過上更加幸福的生活，為世界人民提供發(fā)展機(jī)會，而不是要取代誰、打敗誰。Thereisnoironlawthatdictatesthatarisingpowerwillinevitablyseekhegemony.Thisassumptionrepresentstypicalhegemonicthinkingandisgroundedinmemoriesofcatastrophicwarsbetweenhegemonicpowersinthepast.Chinahasneveracceptedthatonceacountrybecomesstrongenough,itwillinvariablyseekhegemony.Chinaunderstandsthelessonofhistory–thathegemonypreludesdecline.Wepursuedevelopmentandrevitalizationthroughourownefforts,ratherthaninvasionorexpansion.Andeverythingwedoisforthepurposeofprovidingabetterlifeforourpeople,allthewhilecreatingmoredevelopmentopportunitiesfortheentireworld,notinordertosupersedeorsubjugateothers.“弱肉強(qiáng)食”不是人類共存之道。這一邏輯將自然界的叢林法則簡單移植到人類社會，信奉權(quán)力至上，從根本上破壞了國家主權(quán)平等原則和世界和平穩(wěn)定。全球化時代你中有我、我中有你，決定了弱肉強(qiáng)食、贏者通吃是一條越走越窄的死胡同，包容普惠、互利共贏才是越走越寬的人間正道。中國一向主張公平正義，堅持在和平共處五項原則基礎(chǔ)上同各國發(fā)展友好合作，致力于推進(jìn)國際關(guān)系民主化。Thestrongpreyingontheweakisnotawayforhumanstocoexist.Ifthelawofthejungleisimposedonhumansociety,andtheideathat"mightmakesright"prevails,theprincipleofsovereignequalitywillbefundamentallyundermined,andworldpeaceandstabilitywillbeseverelyendangered.Intheageofglobalization,allcountriesareinterdependentandinterconnected.Thereforethelawofthejungleandthewinner-takes-allmindsetwillleadnowhere–inclusivedevelopmentforthebenefitofallistherightpathforward.Chinahasconsistentlychampionedequityandjustice,andremainscommittedtofriendlycooperationwithothercountries,onthebasisoftheFivePrinciplesofPeacefulCoexistence,inordertoadvancedemocracyininternationalrelations.“你輸我贏”的零和游戲終將玩不轉(zhuǎn)。一些國家抱守零和思維，片面追求絕對安全和壟斷優(yōu)勢，這既無助于本國的長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展，也對世界和平與繁榮構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。任何國家都不應(yīng)盼著別人輸，而要致力于同他國一道贏。中國始終把自身發(fā)展和世界發(fā)展統(tǒng)一起來，始終把中國人民利益同各國人民共同利益結(jié)合起來。世界好，中國才能好；中國好，世界才更好。Thezero-sumgameinwhichonewinsbycausingotherstoloseisdoomedtofail.Nevertheless,certaincountriesstillclingtothismindset,blindlypursuingabsolutesecurityandmonopolisticadvantages.Thiswilldonothingfortheirdevelopmentoverthelongrun;itwillsimplycreateamajorthreattoworldpeaceandprosperity.Nocountryshouldhopeforotherstofail.Instead,itshouldworktogetherwithothercountriesforthesuccessofall.Chinaconsistentlyalignsitsdevelopmentwithglobaldevelopment,andalignstheinterestsoftheChinesepeoplewiththecommoninterestsofallpeoplesaroundtheworld.Whentheworldthrives,Chinathrives,andviceversa.二、解答時代之問，描繪未來愿景II.AnAnswertotheCalloftheTimesandaBlueprintfortheFuture站在何去何從的十字路口，人類面臨兩種截然不同的取向：一種是重拾冷戰(zhàn)思維，挑動分裂對立，制造集團(tuán)對抗；另一種是從人類共同福祉出發(fā)，致力團(tuán)結(jié)合作，倡導(dǎo)開放共贏，踐行平等尊重。兩種取向、兩種選擇的博弈和較量，將深刻影響人類和地球的未來。Standingatacrossroads,humanityisfacedwithtwoopposingoptions.OneistoreverttotheColdWarmentalitythatdeepensdivisionandantagonismandstokesconfrontationbetweenblocs.Theotheristoactforthecommonwellbeingofhumanity,strengthensolidarityandcooperation,advocateopennessandwin-winresults,andpromoteequalityandrespect.Thetugofwarbetweenthesetwooptionswillshapethefutureofhumanityandourplanetinaprofoundway.構(gòu)建人類命運共同體，堅持開放包容，堅持互利共贏，堅持公道正義，不是以一種制度代替另一種制度，不是以一種文明代替另一種文明，而是不同社會制度、不同意識形態(tài)、不同歷史文化、不同發(fā)展水平的國家在國際事務(wù)中利益共生、權(quán)利共享、責(zé)任共擔(dān)。構(gòu)建人類命運共同體理念，站在歷史正確的一邊，站在人類進(jìn)步的一邊，為國際關(guān)系確立新思路，為全球治理提供新智慧，為國際交往開創(chuàng)新格局，為美好世界描繪新愿景。Tobuildaglobalcommunityofsharedfutureistopursueopenness,inclusiveness,mutualbenefit,equityandjustice.Thegoalisnottoreplaceonesystemorcivilizationwithanother.Instead,itisaboutcountrieswithdifferentsocialsystems,ideologies,histories,culturesandlevelsofdevelopmentcomingtogethertopromotesharedinterests,sharedrights,andsharedresponsibilitiesinglobalaffairs.Thevisionofaglobalcommunityofsharedfuturestandsontherightsideofhistoryandonthesideofhumanprogress.Itintroducesanewapproachforinternationalrelations,providesnewideasforglobalgovernance,opensupnewprospectsforinternationalexchanges,anddrawsanewblueprintforabetterworld.(一)確立國際關(guān)系新思路1.Introducinganewapproachtointernationalrelations現(xiàn)行國際秩序面臨多重挑戰(zhàn)，一些國家奉行實力至上的邏輯，恃強(qiáng)凌弱、巧取豪奪、零和博弈大行其道，發(fā)展鴻溝加劇，安全赤字加重，結(jié)盟對抗、封閉排他的做法與多極化的發(fā)展方向背道而馳，與冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的國際關(guān)系走向格格不入。特別是隨著一大批新興市場國家和發(fā)展中國家的崛起，現(xiàn)行國際秩序不適應(yīng)時代發(fā)展的一面更加凸顯?！敖ㄔO(shè)一個什么樣的世界、如何建設(shè)這個世界”成為關(guān)乎人類前途命運的重大課題。Thecurrentinternationalorderisfacingamyriadofchallenges.Somecountries,holdingtothenotionofmightmakesright,willfullyengageinbullying,plunderingandzero-sumcompetition.Thedevelopmentgapiswideningandthedeficitinsecurityisgrowing.Theisolationistandexclusivepracticeofalliance-basedconfrontationrunscountertothetrendtowardsmultipolarityandtheevolutionofinternationalrelationsinthepost-ColdWarera.Especiallywiththeriseofalargenumberofemergingmarketanddevelopingcountries,thecurrentinternationalorderisincreasinglyoutofstepwiththechangingtimes."Whatkindofworldweneedandhowtobuildsuchaworld"hasbecomeavitalquestionwiththefutureofhumanityatstake.面對時代之問，中國的回答是構(gòu)建人類命運共同體。人類命運共同體，就是每個民族、每個國家的前途命運都緊緊聯(lián)系在一起，應(yīng)該風(fēng)雨同舟、榮辱與共、和諧共生、合作共贏。這一理念源于對國家交往關(guān)系的合理性設(shè)計，源于國際社會的普遍共識和共同期盼，也源于中國的大國責(zé)任和擔(dān)當(dāng)。China'sanswertothisquestionofthetimesistobuildaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture.Itmeansthatwiththeirfuturescloselyinterlocked,allnationsandcountriesshouldsticktogether,sharewealandwoe,livetogetherinharmony,andengageinmutuallybeneficialcooperation.Theideaisbasedonareasonabledesignforstate-to-staterelations.Itreflectsthegeneralconsensusandcommonexpectationsoftheinternationalcommunity,anddemonstratesChina'ssenseofdutyasaresponsiblemajorcountry.在地球村里，全人類是一個命運與共的大家庭，國與國之間利益交匯、命運交織、休戚與共，越來越成為你中有我、我中有你的命運共同體。人類命運共同體理念超越了集團(tuán)政治的“小圈子”規(guī)則，超越了實力至上的邏輯，超越了少數(shù)西方國家定義的“普世價值”，順應(yīng)時代潮流，倡導(dǎo)全球協(xié)作，推動國際秩序朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。Inthisglobalvillage,allhumanbeingsareonebigfamily.Withtheirinterestsintertwinedandfuturesinterlocked,countriesareturningintoacommunityofsharedfuture.Suchavisionrisesabovetheexclusiverulesofblocpolitics,thenotionofmightmakesright,andthe"universalvalues"definedbyahandfulofWesterncountries.Itconformstothetrendofthetimes,echoesthecallforglobalcooperation,andcontributestoamorejustandequitableinternationalorder.(二)彰顯全球治理新特征2.Highlightingthenewfeaturesofglobalgovernance人類命運共同體理念主張世界各國同呼吸、共命運，具有開放包容、公平正義、和諧共處、多元互鑒、團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作的鮮明特征。Theconceptofaglobalcommunityofsharedfutureholdsthatallcountriesshareacommonfuture,andenvisionsaworldcharacterizedbyopennessandinclusiveness,equityandjustice,harmoniouscoexistence,diversityandmutuallearning,andunityandcooperation.——開放包容。不以意識形態(tài)劃線，不針對特定的對象，不拉幫結(jié)派，不搞排他的“小圈子”，海納百川，有容乃大。主張國際關(guān)系民主化，世界的命運應(yīng)該由各國共同掌握，國際規(guī)則應(yīng)該由各國共同書寫，全球事務(wù)應(yīng)該由各國共同治理，發(fā)展成果應(yīng)該由各國共同分享。–Opennessandinclusiveness.Countriesshouldnotdrawlinesbasedonideology,targetspecificcountries,organguptoformexclusiveblocs.Theoceanisvastbecauseitadmitsallrivers.Tobuildaglobalcommunityofsharedfuture,countriesshouldadvancedemocracyininternationalrelationstomakesurethatthefutureoftheworldisdeterminedbyall,thatinternationalrulesarewrittenbyall,thatglobalaffairsaregovernedbyall,andthatthefruitsofdevelopmentaresharedbyall.——公平正義。世界要公道不要霸道，任何國家都沒有包攬國際事務(wù)、主宰他國命運、壟斷發(fā)展優(yōu)勢的權(quán)力。要維護(hù)以國際法為基礎(chǔ)的國際秩序，維護(hù)國際法治權(quán)威，確保國際法平等統(tǒng)一適用，不能搞雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，不能“合則用、不合則棄”。–Equityandjustice.Theworldneedsjustice,nothegemonism.Nocountryhastherighttodominateglobalaffairs,dictatethefutureofothers,ormonopolizedevelopmentadvantages.Countriesshouldsafeguardtheinternationalorderbasedoninternationallaw,upholdtheauthorityoftheinternationalruleoflaw,andensureequalandunifiedapplicationofinternationallaw.Thepracticeofdoublestandardsorselectiveapplicationoflawshouldberejected.——和諧共處。各國在求同存異的前提下實現(xiàn)和平共處、共同發(fā)展。地球不是國家角力的競技場，而是人類共存的大舞臺。各國發(fā)展和而不同，是有差異、多樣性的協(xié)調(diào)和統(tǒng)一，世界發(fā)展的活力恰恰在于這種多樣性的共存。–Harmoniouscoexistence.Countriesshouldstrivetoachievepeacefulcoexistenceandcommondevelopmentbyseekingcommongroundwhilereservingdifferences.PlanetEarthisnotanarenaforwrestlingbetweencountries,butastageforhumancoexistence.Despitetheirdifferencesanddiversefeatures,countriescandeveloptogetherinharmonyandunity,anditispreciselysuchdiversitythatgivesstrengthtoglobaldevelopment.——多元互鑒。不同歷史和國情、不同民族和習(xí)俗，孕育了不同文明。人類文明多樣性是世界基本特征，不同文明交流互鑒是推動人類進(jìn)步的重要動力。我們應(yīng)當(dāng)相互尊重，攜手推動不同文明在交流互鑒中熠熠生輝。–Diversityandmutuallearning.Differenthistories,nationalconditions,ethnicgroups,andcustomshavegivenbirthtodiversecivilizations.Diversityofhumancivilizationsisabasicfeatureofourworld.Mutuallearningamongcivilizationsprovidesimportantimpetustohumanprogress.Countriesshouldrespectoneanotherandjointlypursuecommondevelopmentthroughexchangesandmutuallearning.——團(tuán)結(jié)協(xié)作。倡導(dǎo)“計利當(dāng)計天下利”。關(guān)起門來搞建設(shè)，只能越搞越窮。從“本國優(yōu)先”的角度看，世界是狹小擁擠的，時時都是“激烈競爭”；從命運與共的角度看，世界是寬廣博大的，處處都有合作機(jī)遇。單打獨斗已無法應(yīng)對全球性的發(fā)展難題，各國通力合作才是唯一選擇。–Unityandcooperation.Countriesshouldactforthegreatergood.Pursuingdevelopmentbehindcloseddoorscanonlyresultinpoverty.Viewedfroma"country-first"perspective,theworldissmallandcrowded,andlockedin"fiercecompetition";viewedfromtheperspectiveofasharedfuture,theworldisvast,andfullofopportunitiesforcooperation.Nocountrycanovercomeglobaldevelopmentchallengesonitsown.Cooperationamongallcountriesistheonlyviableoption.(三)開創(chuàng)國際交往新格局3.Openingupnewprospectsforinternationalexchanges中國提出構(gòu)建人類命運共同體“五位一體”總體框架，包括伙伴關(guān)系、安全格局、發(fā)展前景、文明交流、生態(tài)體系等五個方面，開創(chuàng)了國際交往的新格局。Chinahasmadeafive-pointproposalforbuildingaglobalcommunityofsharedfutureintheareasofpartnerships,securityenvironment,development,inter-civilizationexchanges,andecosystem.Thishasopenedupnewprospectsforinternationalexchanges.建立平等相待、互商互諒的伙伴關(guān)系格局。聯(lián)合國憲章貫穿主權(quán)平等原則。世界各國一律平等，不能以大壓小、以強(qiáng)凌弱、以富欺貧。堅持多邊主義，不搞單邊主義；應(yīng)奉行雙贏、多贏、共贏的新理念，取代你輸我贏、贏者通吃的舊思維。應(yīng)在國際和區(qū)域?qū)用娼ㄔO(shè)全球伙伴關(guān)系，走出一條“對話而不對抗，結(jié)伴而不結(jié)盟”的國與國交往新路。大國之間相處，要不沖突不對抗、相互尊重、合作共贏。大國與小國相處，要平等相待，踐行正確義利觀，義利相兼，義重于利。Weshouldbuildpartnershipsinwhichcountriestreateachotherasequals,engageinextensiveconsultation,andenhancemutualunderstanding.TheprincipleofsovereignequalityrunsthroughtheUNCharter.Allcountriesareequals.Thebig,themightyandthewealthyshouldnotbullythesmall,theweakandthepoor.Weshouldupholdmultilateralismandrejectunilateralism.Weshouldreplacetheoutdatedmindsetofwinnertakesallwithanewvisionofseekingwin-winoutcomesforall.Weshouldforgeglobalpartnershipsatbothinternationalandregionallevels,andembraceanewapproachtostate-to-staterelations