人教版（2019）選擇性必修第一冊(cè)復(fù)習(xí)學(xué)案 UNIT 5 WORKING THE LAND

UNIT5WORKINGTHELAND基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.attainvt.（通常經(jīng)過努力）獲得；得到2.overcomevt.克服；解決；戰(zhàn)勝3.estimatevt.估計(jì)；估價(jià)n.估計(jì)；估算4.comprisevt.包括；包含；由……組成5.soiln.泥土；土壤；領(lǐng)土6.visionn.想象；視力；視野；影像7.essentialadj.完全必要的；極其重要的8.alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的9.instancen.例子；實(shí)例；事例10.aspectn.方面；層面Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.devotevt.把……獻(xiàn)（給）；專心于→devotedadj.忠誠(chéng)的；摯愛的→devotionn.獻(xiàn)身；忠誠(chéng)2.shortadj.短的；矮的；缺乏的→shortenvt.&vi.（使）變短；縮短→shortagen.不足；缺少3.convincevt.使相信；說服→convincingadj.令人信服的→convincedadj.確信的；信服的4.conventionn.習(xí)俗；常規(guī)→conventionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的；習(xí)慣的5.assumevt.假定；認(rèn)為→assumptionn.假定；設(shè)定6.expandvt.&vi.擴(kuò)大；增加vt.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展（業(yè)務(wù)）→expansionn.擴(kuò)張；擴(kuò)展7.consumevt.消耗；耗費(fèi)；消費(fèi)→consumptionn.消耗；消費(fèi)→consumern.消費(fèi)者8.generatevt.產(chǎn)生；引起→generationn.代；一代人；（尤指電、熱等的）產(chǎn)生9.realadj.真實(shí)的→realityn.現(xiàn)實(shí)；事實(shí)→realisevt.實(shí)現(xiàn)vt.&vi.意識(shí)到→reallyadv.真正地10.nutritionn.營(yíng)養(yǎng)；滋養(yǎng)→nutritiousadj.有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的；營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的→nutritionaladj.營(yíng)養(yǎng)（物）的11.deepenvt.&vi.加深；（使）變深→deepadj.深的adv.深深地；在深處→depthn.深（度）12.entireadj.整個(gè)的；全部的→entirelyadv.全部地；完整地Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.tacklevt.解決（難題）；應(yīng)付（局面）；處理2.crisisn.危機(jī)；危急關(guān)頭3.boostvt.使增長(zhǎng)；使興旺n.增長(zhǎng)；提高；激勵(lì)4.characteristicn.特征；品質(zhì)adj.典型的；獨(dú)特的5.intenseadj.熱切的；十分強(qiáng)烈的6.domesticadj.本國(guó)的；國(guó)內(nèi)的；家用的；家庭的7.leisuren.閑暇；休閑；空閑8.celebrityn.名望；名譽(yù)；名人9.grainn.谷物；谷粒10.urbanadj.城市的；城鎮(zhèn)的11.tunneln.地下通道；隧道12.fertilisern.肥料13.povertyn.貧窮；貧困14.widespreadadj.分布廣的；廣泛的15.digestvt.&vi.消化vt.領(lǐng)會(huì)；領(lǐng)悟n.摘要；文摘16.mineraln.礦物；礦物質(zhì)17.rootn.根；根莖；根源Ⅳ.核心短語——明搭配1.devote...to把……用于；獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心2.becomprisedof包括；由……組成（或構(gòu)成）3.deepdown在內(nèi)心深處；本質(zhì)上；實(shí)際上4.inturn相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流5.forinstance例如；比如Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會(huì)運(yùn)用1.Indeed，hisslimbutstrongbodywasjustlikethatofmillionsofChinesefarmers，towhomhehaddevotedhislife.（"介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）確實(shí)，他瘦削但結(jié)實(shí)的身軀看起來和他為之奉獻(xiàn)了一生的千千萬萬的中國(guó)農(nóng)民一樣。2.However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.（that引導(dǎo)的表語從句）然而，最讓他擔(dān)憂的是，農(nóng)民經(jīng)常糧食歉收，有時(shí)甚至出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的食物短缺。3.Howthiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.（how引導(dǎo)的主語從句）如何做到這一點(diǎn)在那時(shí)是一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的問題。4.GiventhatYuan’shybridsmadehimquitewealthy，onemightthinkhewouldhaveretiredtoalifeofleisure.（giventhat...）考慮到雜交水稻使袁隆平變得相當(dāng)富有，人們可能認(rèn)為他會(huì)退休享受閑適的生活。5.Forexample，pesticidescandamagethelandbykillingnotonlyharmfulbacteriaandinsects，butalsohelpfulones.（notonly...butalso...）例如，農(nóng)藥在殺死有害細(xì)菌和昆蟲的同時(shí)，也會(huì)殺死有益的細(xì)菌和昆蟲，從而破壞土地。語境自測(cè)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.TheconstructionofChinaSpaceStationshowsourcountryhasattained（獲得）greatsuccessinspacescience.2.Someanalystsestimate（估計(jì)）thatfoodproductionefficiencywillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.3.Haditnotbeenforthesupportoftheteachers，thestudentcouldnothaveovercomeherdifficulty.4.Youcanbepaidincashweeklyorbychequemonthly；thosearethetwoalternatives.5.Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.6.Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife，mostlyforthebetter.7.Theuniversity，whichiswell-knownathomeandabroad，comprisestwelvedepartments.8.Whatisknowntousallisthatthebacteriathatliveinthesoilhelptobreakdownourwastes.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theconsumptionofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Forinstance，seeingathinpersoneatalot，wearemorelikelytoconsumealargeportion.（consume）2.Hisspeechwassoconvincingthateveryonepresententirelybelievedwhathesaid.Iwasentirelyconvincedofhisfitnessforthetask.（convince）3.Astudent’svocabularyexpandsthroughreading.Inturn，theexpansionofvocabularycontributestodigestingthereadingmaterialsbetter.（expand）4.Theteacherdevotesallhislifetoteaching.Heissodevotedtothiscausethateveryoneadmireshimforhisdevotion.（devote）5.Hehadbeenshortofexerciseforalongtime.Theshortageofexerciseledtohisweakness.Soheshortenedhistimeofplayingcomputergamestotakeexercise.（short）6.Youshouldn’tlookintothecaseontheassumptionthatheisacriminal.Withoutfirmevidence，heshouldbeassumedtobeinnocent.（assume）7.Thelake’sexactdepthremainsunmeasurable.However，expertsthinkthatitisstilldeepeninggradually.（deep）8.Ientirelyagreewithyouthatchildrenshouldgooutdoorsmorefrequently.ItreallyupsetsmewhenIseethemspendinganentiremorninginfrontofscreens.（entire）9.SuddenlyIrealisedthatInevergotaccustomedtolivingthere.Inreality，Iwasreallymissingmyhometown.（real）10.Thenewdam，designedtogenerateelectricitybywater，isexpectedtoprovideelectricityforfuturegenerations.（generate）Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子devoteoneselfto becomprisedofdeepdown inturn forinstance1.Lifeiscomprisedofnotonlysunshinebutalsostormsandwemustbebraveinfrontofdifficulties.2.Weallbelievedeepdownthathardworkandvirtuewillleadtosuccesswhilelazinessandevilwillleadtoruin.3.Wordshaveapowerfuleffectonyourbrain，andinturnitinfluencesyouractiongreatly.4.Spacetravelcanbesodelightfulbutatthesametimeinvisiblydangerous.Forinstance，astronautslosebonemass.5.LuXunchangedhismindtodevotehimselftoliteraturewiththepurposeofsavinghismotherlandfromfallingbehind.Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.此外，成都有各種各樣的美食，其中四川火鍋?zhàn)钣忻＃?介詞＋關(guān)系代詞"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）Moreover，therearevariouskindsofdeliciousfoodinChengdu，ofwhichSichuanHotPotisthemostfamous.2.你們友誼的核心是你們隨時(shí)準(zhǔn)備好互相幫助。（that引導(dǎo)的表語從句）Thecoreofyourfriendshipisthatyouwillalwaysbereadytohelpeachother.3.我們?nèi)绾味冗^閑暇時(shí)間對(duì)我們的全面發(fā)展很重要。（how引導(dǎo)的主語從句）Howwespendourleisuretimeisimportantforouroveralldevelopment.4.考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn)，他們的工作已經(jīng)做得不錯(cuò)了。（giventhat...）Giventhatthey’reshortofexperience，they’vedoneagoodjob.5.這是一項(xiàng)很有意義的活動(dòng)，我不僅能有一些新的發(fā)現(xiàn)，還能體驗(yàn)勞動(dòng)的樂趣，豐富我的知識(shí)。（notonly...butalso...）ItwasaverymeaningfulactivityandnotonlycouldIhavesomenewdiscoveriesbutalsoIcouldexperiencethejoyoflaborandenrichmyknowledge.Thereexistedacommonassumptionthatchemicalswerethebestwaytoattainhigheryieldsinconventionalagriculture.Butthesechemicalstendtoaccumulateinthesoilandundergroundwater，andaffectthecropsand，inturn，theanimalsandhumanswhodigestthem.Howtotacklethisissue？Scientistsareconvincedthattheanswerliesinagriculturaltechnology.Theydevotethemselvestogeneratingseedswithsuperbcharacteristics，whichcanreducerisksofpestandboostoutputgreatly.Inthemeantime，morefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Theyentirelyavoidtheuseofchemicalpesticidesandfertiliserssothattheproductshavebetterflavourandcompriserichernutrition，forinstance，essentialminerals.Wehopethatwithscientists’intenseeffortsandthewidespreadapplicationofagriculturaltechnology，farmerscanhavemorealternatives.1devotevt.把……獻(xiàn)（給）；把……專用于；專心于1.[外研選必④－1]AfterSherlockHolmesmadehimahouseholdname，Doylegaveupmedicineanddevotedhimselfentirelytowriting（write）.句意：在福爾摩斯使道爾變得家喻戶曉之后，道爾放棄了行醫(yī)，全身心投入寫作。ahouseholdname家喻戶曉的人（或物）。2.SunJiadong’sdevotion（devote）toChina’sspaceindustryiswonderfullyinspiring.3.2008年，張桂梅成立了一所女子學(xué)校，她把所有的時(shí)間和精力都投入了進(jìn)去。In2008，ZhangGuimeisetupanall-girlshighschool，towhichshedevotedallhertimeandenergy.（"介詞＋which"引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句）4.我最崇拜的人是袁隆平，他一生致力于水稻生產(chǎn)。 （人物介紹）ThepersonIadmiremostisYuanLongping，whodevotedallhislifetoriceproduction.（定語從句）★devote...to...把……用于；獻(xiàn)身；致力；專心devoteoneselfto（doing）sth.致力于（做）某事★devotedadj.摯愛的；忠誠(chéng)的；全心全意的bedevotedto（doing）sth.專心于（做）某事；致力于（做）某事★devotionn.關(guān)愛；奉獻(xiàn)；專心2convincevt.使相信；使確信；說服1.[外研選必①－5]ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincing（convince）thatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.2.[外研選必④－3]Greattohearyou’recomingtotheUS！IhopeIcanconvinceyoutostop（stop）byandvisitusinNewYork.3.Givenhisexperience，Iamconvincedofhisabilitytotackletheproblem.4.我完全相信，通過我們的共同努力，我們能夠克服這些困難。（讀后續(xù)寫之主旨升華）Iamfullyconvincedthatwithourjointeffortswecanovercomethesedifficulties.在寫作中，用Iamconvincedthat...代替Ibelieve/thinkthat...可為文章增色不少。★convincesb.ofsth.使某人相信某事convincesb.todosth.說服某人做某事★convincedadj.堅(jiān)信的；深信的；確信的beconvincedof...堅(jiān)信……；確信……beconvincedthat＋從句相信……；確信……★convincingadj.令人信服的3alternativen.可供選擇的事物adj.可供替代的；非傳統(tǒng)的1.Facialrecognitiontechnologyisaquickandcoolalternativetotraditionalpasswords，andyoucannotforgetyourownface！2.Youcanturntoatravelagency.Alternatively（alternative），youcanorganiseyourowntrip.3.面對(duì)如此嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì)，人類除了通力合作來應(yīng)對(duì)海洋危機(jī)之外別無選擇。Facedwithsuchaseveresituation，humanbeingshavenoalternativebuttocooperatewitheachothertotackletheoceancrisis.★analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternative/choicebuttodosth.除了做某事之外別無選擇★alternativelyadv.要不；或者4inturn相應(yīng)地；轉(zhuǎn)而；依次；輪流1.我們?yōu)閷W(xué)生提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的教育。相應(yīng)地，我們希望學(xué)生努力學(xué)習(xí)。Weofferanexcellenteducationtoourstudents.Inturn，weexpectstudentstostudyhard.2.很快，輪到我發(fā)言了。面對(duì)人群，我非常緊張，以至于忘記了故事的某些部分。（讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫）Soon，itwasmyturntospeak.Facingthecrowd，IwassonervousthatIforgotsomepartsofthestory.3.我和我丈夫都想要健康的飲食，所以我們每天晚上輪流做飯?！貰othmyhusbandandIwantahealthydiet，sowetaketurnstocookeachevening.（taketurnstodosth.）→②BothmyhusbandandIwantahealthydiet，sowecookeacheveninginturn.（inturn）★taketurnstodosth.輪流做某事★It’ssb.’sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事。5giventhat引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句1.鑒于寒假期間你獨(dú)自一人留校，我邀請(qǐng)你到我家過春節(jié)。（邀請(qǐng)信）Giventhatyouarealoneatschoolduringthewintervacation，IinviteyoutomyhomefortheSpringFestival.2.考慮到你喜歡孩子，教書看來是適合你的工作?！貵ivenyourinterestinchildren，teachingseemstherightjobforyou.（given）→②Giventhatyoulikechildren，teachingseemstherightjobforyou.（giventhat）★giventhat引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，表示"考慮到；鑒于……"?！飃ivenprep.考慮到；鑒于前綴out-本單元：out-（向外）＋put（放）→向外放東西→output輸出拓展：通過構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)單詞在語境中的詞性及含義。1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreenspacearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores. v.多于2.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Continueddevelopmentsincommunicationtechnologieswereoncebelievedtomaketheprintedpageoutdated. adj.過時(shí)的3.[2023浙江1月]Amachinecannownotonlybeatyouatchess，itcanalsooutperformyouindebate. v.勝過；超過4.Theman，whopassedawayin2005，outlivedhiswifebythreeyears. v.比……活得久5.LittleBryanhasagoodappetiteandexercisesoften，thushehasalreadyoutgrownhisolderbrother. v.比……長(zhǎng)得高/快/大1.out-（超出）＋number（數(shù)量）→數(shù)量上超出→outnumberv.多于2.out-（超出）＋date（日期）＋-ed→超出日期的→outdatedadj.過時(shí)的3.out-（超出）＋perform（表現(xiàn)）→在表現(xiàn)上超越→outperformv.勝過；超過4.out-（超出）＋live（活著）→outlivev.比……活得久5.out-（超出）＋grow（成長(zhǎng)）→outgrowv.比……長(zhǎng)得高/快/大Ⅰ.語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯(cuò)動(dòng)詞變形1.[2022全國(guó)乙]Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication，suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.2.[2022北京]Asystemsapproachtocreatingchangeisalsobuiltontheassumption（assume）thateveryoneinthesystemhasequalpower.3.[2022北京]Therearesomeactivitieswhicheveryoneshoulddoinourlife.Forinstance，wemustexercisedailyregardlessofourageandworkingstyle.4.[2021新高考Ⅱ]However，heismoredevotedtohis"role"thananyrealactor.5.[2021天津]Participatingintheartsisessentialfor/tochilddevelopment...6.[2020天津]Heconvincedthepolicedepartmenttoallow（allow）himtosetupacoupleof"chatbenches"intwooftheirlocalparks.7.[2020北京]Inrealityithasmoretodowiththewayanindividualtalkstohimself.8.[江蘇高考]Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot"beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables"，given（give）thatthey’reprofitable.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.視力B.視野C.展望，想象①[2022北京]Moreresearchers，policymakersandrepresentativesfromthefoodindustrymustlearntolookbeyondtheirdirectlinesofresponsibilityandadoptasystemsapproach.Crystalknewthatvisionsalonedon’tproduceresults，butconcludedthat"we’llneverproduceresultsthatwecan’tenvision". C②[江蘇高考]Humankindpaidforitsbroadvisionandskillfulhandswithbackachesandpainfulnecks. B③[全國(guó)Ⅲ]Theseincludecustom-madenavigation（導(dǎo)航）tools，nightvisionsystemsandintelligentspeedadaptations. Avision常用作不可數(shù)名詞，表示"視力""視野"，作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)表示"展望，想象"，常在高考閱讀和完形中出現(xiàn)。第①句句意：更多來自食品行業(yè)的研究人員、政策制定者和代表們必須學(xué)會(huì)超越他們的直接責(zé)任范圍，采取一種系統(tǒng)的方法。克里斯特爾知道，僅憑愿景并不能產(chǎn)生結(jié)果，但她最后說"我們永遠(yuǎn)無法得出我們無法想象的結(jié)果"。第②句句意：人類以背痛和脖子痛為代價(jià)獲得了廣闊的視野和靈巧的雙手。第③句句意：這些包括定制的導(dǎo)航工具、夜視系統(tǒng)和智能調(diào)速。2.①[2022全國(guó)乙]Long-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact（聯(lián)系）andsharewithoneanother. n.特點(diǎn)②[2020浙江1月]Akeyskillsetforsuccessispersistence（毅力），acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers. n.品質(zhì)3.[2022北京]Myperfectionisttendencieswerethemainrootofthis：IwantedtobeperfectatwhateverIdid，whichobviouslyinlifeisnotpossible，butitconsumedme. n.根源root也可活用作動(dòng)詞，表示"（使）生根"。Ⅲ.寫作——基礎(chǔ)寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎(chǔ)寫作——有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)近年來，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)成為一個(gè)熱點(diǎn)話題，為此你班同學(xué)在英語課上就是否要發(fā)展有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)展開討論，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表內(nèi)容用英語寫一篇短文。80％贊成1.有機(jī)食品味道更好，營(yíng)養(yǎng)更充足；2.有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)保護(hù)土壤。20％反對(duì)目前有機(jī)食物不能滿足市場(chǎng)需求我的觀點(diǎn)……◎?qū)懽饕c(diǎn)1.他們認(rèn)為有機(jī)食品不使用化肥，味道更好，營(yíng)養(yǎng)更豐富。（flavour，nutrition，chemical，fertiliser）Theythinkthatorganicfoodhasbetterflavourandmorenutritionwithoutchemicalfertiliser.2.有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)也使土壤富含礦物質(zhì)。（soil，mineral）Organicfarmingalsokeepsthesoilrichinminerals.3.我們面臨的現(xiàn)實(shí)是，有機(jī)食品的產(chǎn)量無法滿足市場(chǎng)需求，尤其是當(dāng)我們?nèi)栽谂ο毨r(shí)。（reality，yield，poverty）Wearefacingtherealitythattheyieldoforganicfoodcan’tmeetthemarket’sdemands，especiallywhenwearestillstrugglingtoremovepoverty.◎連句成篇請(qǐng)運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點(diǎn)串聯(lián)成一篇語意連貫的短文。Inrecentyears，organicfarmingisverywelcome.However，opinionsdifferonwhethertodeveloporganicfarmingfurther.80％ofstudentsareinfavorofit.Firstly，theythinkthatorganicfoodhasbetterflavourandmorenutritionwithoutchemicalfertiliser.Organicfarmingalsokeepsthesoilrichinminerals.However，20％ofthemareagainstit.Intheirview，wearefacingtherealitythattheyieldoforganicfoodcan’tmeetthemarket’sdemands，especiallywhenwearestillstrugglingtoremovepoverty.Inmyopinion，weshouldadoptapositiveattitudetowardsorganicfarming，andIamconvincedthatwewillfindawin-winsolution.寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——?jiǎng)幼髅鑼懼?嘴部"動(dòng)作積累背誦仿寫運(yùn)用單詞eat，drink，yawn打哈欠，swallow咽，chew嚼，bite，lick，blow，water流口水根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.淚水從她的臉頰流下來，她難以置信地捂住嘴巴。Withtearsstreamingdownherface，shecoveredhermouthindisbelief.2.她張大嘴巴，無法相信眼前的景象。Withhermouthwideopen，shecouldn’tbelievewhatshewasseeinginfrontofher.（with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）3.爸爸和媽媽在廚房準(zhǔn)備年夜飯，里面的香味饞得我們直流口水。Thesmellsfromthekitchen，whereDadandMomwerepreparingtheNewYear’sEvedinner，madeourmouthswater.（make＋賓語＋賓補(bǔ)）4.小男孩站在那里，尷尬地咬著嘴唇。Thelittleboystoodthere，bitinghislipwithembarrassment.（現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語）5.海浪拍打著我的臉，我咽下了海水。因?yàn)楹粑щy，我的胸口火辣辣地痛。AwaveslappedmyfaceandIswallowedseawater.MychestwasalreadyburningasIstruggledtobreathe.詞組1.coverone’smouth捂住嘴2.openone’smouth張開嘴3.shutup閉嘴4.stickone’stongueout吐舌頭5.biteone’slip（因?qū)擂巍⒈瘋?、生氣或不愿開口而）緊咬嘴唇佳句1.Thewomanwithawidesmileonherfaceisdefinitelythehappiestpersonintheroom.那個(gè)露出燦爛笑容的女人無疑是房間里最開心的人。2.Dannyrubbedhisarmsandblewonhisfingerstowarmthem.丹尼搓著胳膊，并向他的手指上哈氣來暖手。3.Whenthereportwasfinallyfinished，shestretchedherarmsoutandgaveagreatyawn.報(bào)告終于寫完了，她伸了個(gè)懶腰，打了個(gè)大大的哈欠。一、閱讀理解A[2024天星原創(chuàng)]At6yearsold，KendallRaeJohnsonhasbecomenotonlytheyoungestcertifiedfarmerinGeorgiabutalsotheyoungestBlackfarmerinthestate.Kendallbeganhergreenthumb（種植技能）journeyattheageof3whilehelpingherlategreat-grandmotherLaura"Kate"Williamstendtohergarden.Shewasattractedbytheprocessthatonce-tinyseedsgrewintocolorfulfruitsandvegetablesreadytobeeatenbythefamily.Thatmightbewhenitallstarted.Kendallstartedoutinapatio（露臺(tái)）garden.Bythetimeherfourthbirthdaycame，herparentsbuiltagardenintheirbackyard，allowinghertodevelophergreenthumbbyplantingcarrots，potatoesandstrawberries.Thentheymoved，andnowshehasafarm.Kendall’sdevelopingvegetablegardenledtothestartofherfarmingbusinesscalledaGROWKulture.Andeventuallyshebecameacertifiedfarmerinthestate.However，herjourneytobecomingacertifiedfarmerwasreallyaGordianknot.Thelengthyprocessstartedwithanapplication，followedbyaninspectionofacompany’sproductionpracticesandsales，accordingtotheGeorgiaDepartmentofAgriculture.Therearemorethan42，000farmsoperatinginthestate.Now，Kendallhasbecomeasymbolofyoungfarmers.Lastweek，thecityofSouthFulton，whereshelives，declaredSept.28"KendallRaeAppreciationDay"forherworkinhergarden.Buttheseachievementsaren’tslowingthe6-year-olddown.Shealsowantstoteachkidswherefoodactuallycomesfrom.Shestartedoutwithamonthlygardeningclub，whereherfamilyhelpherplantvegetables，harvestandproducesubscriptionfoodboxes.Shehopesonedaysoon，morepeoplewilljoinheringardeningandhelptosupporthereffortstochangethewaykidslookatfoodandfoodinsecurity.KendallRaeJohnson在3歲時(shí)就喜歡上了種植，現(xiàn)在，6歲的她不僅是佐治亞州最年輕的持證農(nóng)民，也是該州最年輕的黑人農(nóng)民?！驹~語積累】certifiedadj.合格的，持有證書的greenthumb園藝技能，種植技能lengthyadj.漫長(zhǎng)的，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的inspectionn.視察，檢查1.WhatcanweknowaboutKendall？A.Sheplantedherfirstgardenatage4.B.Shewasbornwithatalentforfarming.C.Shewascuriousaboutplants’growth.D.ShetriedtobuildagardensimilartoLaura’s.解析C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的"Shewasattracted...beeatenbythefamily"可知，Kendall被小種子長(zhǎng)成五顏六色的水果和蔬菜這一過程所吸引。由此可知，她對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)很好奇。2.Whichisclosestinmeaningto"aGordianknot"inparagraph4？A.Adifficulttask.B.Aconstanteffort.C.Apureentertainment.D.Apersonalexperience.解析A詞義猜測(cè)題。由畫線部分后的"Thelengthyprocessstartedwithanapplication...practicesandsales"可推知，成為持證農(nóng)民是一件難事。畫線部分的含義應(yīng)是"難辦的事"，A項(xiàng)切題。3.WhydidKendallstartthegardeningclub？A.Toattractkidstohergarden.B.Tosharefactsaboutfoodsafety.C.Tohelpwithherfarmingbusiness.D.Tospreadknowledgeaboutfarming.解析D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的"Shealsowantstoteachkidswherefoodactuallycomesfrom...producesubscriptionfoodboxes"可知，她還想讓孩子們了解食物的真正來源。為此，她成立了園藝俱樂部，每月組織一次活動(dòng)。由此可知，Kendall創(chuàng)辦俱樂部是為了傳播農(nóng)業(yè)知識(shí)，故選D。4.WhatdoesKendall’sstorytellus？A.Wherethereislife，thereishope.B.Interestistheseed；actionisthefruit.C.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.D.Thehobbyisthefirststeptoacquireknowledge.解析B推理判斷題。Kendall3歲時(shí)就對(duì)種植產(chǎn)生了興趣，后來她有了自己的菜園和農(nóng)場(chǎng)，并發(fā)展了自己的農(nóng)業(yè)事業(yè)，而且6歲的她還成了佐治亞州最年輕的持證農(nóng)民。由此可知，Kendall的故事告訴我們，興趣是種子，行動(dòng)是果實(shí)，故選B。B[2023山東濟(jì)南學(xué)情檢測(cè)]LamHon-ming，directoroftheStateKeyLaboratoryofAgrobiotechnologyattheChineseUniversityofHongKong，isatopexpertinsoybean（大豆）research.Since1998，Lam’steamhasbeencooperatingwithscientistsintheChinesemainland.In2010，hecameacrossZhangGuohong，anagriculturalexpertfromGansu，China，atanationalsoybeanconference.Withthesamemajor，theyhititoffanddecidedtoimprovefarmers’livesandpromotelocalagriculture.FarmersinGansudependlargelyontheweatherfortheirlivelihood，mainlyonrainfall，whichisalsoacauseofseverepoornessinthearea.In2016，theydevelopedthreenewsoybeanvarietiessuitedtosaltysoilandrarerainfallofNorthwestChina.Allreceivedofficialgovernmentapproval.AsthelandinNorthwestChinaisnotsuitableforthegrowthofcommonvarietiesofsoybeans，localfarmersneverplantedsoybeans，anditbecameamajorproblemforspreadingnewsoybeans.LamandZhangcommunicatedwithfarmersinvariousways.Toensurefarmers’income，LamstruckapartnershipwithaHongKongfoodcompanythatwillpurchaseallsoybeansatmarketpricewhentheyareharvested.By2020，theplantingareaofthethreeapprovedsoybeansinGansuhadgonebeyond2.4millionsquarekilometers，covering46oftheprovince’s80-pluscounties，andtheoutputhadreached7.71millionkilograms，addingabout30millionyuantolocalfarmers’income.ZhangsaidthatProfessorLam’scontributionhasgreatlypushedthepoornessreliefandagriculturalresearchinNorthwestChina."Itishardtokeepdoingagriculturalresearchwithlessfunding.AnditismoredifficulttotravelfromHongKongtothepoorareastodoagriculturalresearch，"headded.Inthefuture，Lamwillcontinuetoworkwithmainlandscientistsandleadmore"HongKongpower"tothedevelopmentofthecountry’sNorthwest.香港中文大學(xué)的林漢明和甘肅的農(nóng)業(yè)專家張國(guó)宏通過自己的研究成果幫助甘肅農(nóng)民改善生活，推動(dòng)甘肅當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展?！驹~語積累】comeacross偶遇agriculturaladj.農(nóng)業(yè)的conferencen.（大型、正式的）會(huì)議，研討會(huì)approvaln.同意，贊成；批準(zhǔn)varietiesof各種各樣的outputn.產(chǎn)量，輸出1.WhatcanweknowaboutthetwoscientistsfromParagraph1？A.Theyhavebeenfriendssince1998.B.Theybothmajorinagriculture.C.Theyonceservedinthesamelab.D.TheymetbychanceinHongKong.解析B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"LamHon-ming...soybean（大豆）research""In2010...Withthesamemajor，theyhititoffanddecidedtoimprovefarmers’livesandpromotelocalagriculture"可知，林漢明是大豆研究的頂級(jí)專家。2010年，他在一次全國(guó)大豆會(huì)議上偶遇了來自甘肅的農(nóng)業(yè)專家張國(guó)宏，他們兩位專業(yè)相同，故本題選B。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph3referto？A.Rainfallisnotenough.B.Thelocalslivedapoorlife.C.Littlelandisrichinnutrition.D.Thefarmersneverplantedsoybeans.解析D代詞指代題。由第三段畫線詞所在句"Astheland...spreadingnewsoybeans"可知，由于西北地區(qū)的土地不適合種植普通大豆品種，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民從不種植大豆，這成為推廣新大豆的一大難題。it指代上文的當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民從不種植大豆這種情況，故選D。3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus？A.Moreworkneedstobedone.B.Allfarmershavebecomebetter-off.C.Thetwoscientistsaresuccessful.D.SoybeansgrowthroughoutGansu.解析C段落大意題。通讀第四段的內(nèi)容可知，本段主要告訴我們兩位科學(xué)家成功了。4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLamHon-ming？A.Dependent. B.Honest.C.Open-minded. D.Devoted.解析D推理判斷題。由最后一段可知，林教授的貢獻(xiàn)極大地推動(dòng)了中國(guó)西北地區(qū)的扶貧和農(nóng)業(yè)研究。盡管資金減少、研究困難，但是林教授將繼續(xù)與內(nèi)地科學(xué)家合作，帶領(lǐng)更多的"香港力量"參與中國(guó)西北地區(qū)的開發(fā)。據(jù)此可推知，林漢明具有奉獻(xiàn)精神。C[2023福建福州質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]WhenKimJi-unlivedinSeoul，sheworriedaboutfindingagoodjob.Now，sheisworriedthatdroughtmayruinhercrop.The23-year-oldandhersisterstartedafarmlastyear.Herfirstharvestwasasuccess；shewassurprisedthatherblackbeansdidbetterthanherstrawberries.Ms.Kimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon，orreturningtorurallife.Coinedamillenniumago，thetermcropsupduringperiodsofeconomichardship.Thistime，inthewakeofthepandemic，manynewfarmershaveneverlivedinthecountrysidebefore.Byplantingyoungfarmersinruralareas，thegovernmenthopestoenjoybigrewardsinthefuture.Theplanisworking.In2021nearly380，000peoplemovedtothecountryside."Comfortwithdigitaltechnologygivesyoungfarmersalegup，"saidChoKyung-ik，thedirectoroftheBeginningFarmer’sCentre，aninstitutioneducatingthosewhowishtokwichonatitsdowntownoffices.TheysellfreshproduceonNaver，SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine.Thecentreteachestechniqueslikehowtouseatractor（拖拉機(jī)）orselectthebestcrops.Itarrangesatrialperiod，duringwhichambitiousfarmersworkundertheguidanceofanoldhand，learningwhatitmeanstodoback-breakinglaborfromdawntodusk.Themostimportantlessonishowtogetonwiththelocals.Thevillagersarealsoofferedtipsonhowtoacttowardsthenewcomers.Thatpartisnotyetatotalsuccess.Ms.Kimsaid，"Myneighborshaveabadtemper.Theoldpeoplecomeinhereandgivemeunwantedadvice，orsayIwillneverbeabletogrowanything."Herblackbeansbegtodiffer.SheandtheSouthKoreangovernmentwillbehopingthathercropsputtheargumenttorestforgood.本文主要講述了韓國(guó)青年返鄉(xiāng)務(wù)農(nóng)的趨勢(shì)以及該趨勢(shì)中存在的問題?！驹~語積累】droughtn.久旱，旱災(zāi)millenniumn.一千年，千年期cropup意外出現(xiàn)，突然發(fā)生inthewakeof隨著……而來，作為……的后果begtodiffer恕不同意put...torest平息forgood永久，永遠(yuǎn)【熟詞生義】plant常見義：n.植物文中義：v.安插，安放1.WhydoesthewritertellMs.Kim’sstory？A.Tostartadiscussion.B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Toexplainasolution.D.Tomakeacomparison.解析B意圖推斷題。由第二段中的"Ms.Kimispartofaphenomenoncalledkwichon，orreturningtorurallife"可知，作者講述Ms.Kim的故事旨在介紹韓國(guó)出現(xiàn)的一種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，即年輕人返鄉(xiāng)務(wù)農(nóng)。據(jù)此可以推斷，講該故事是為了引出話題，故B項(xiàng)正確。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"alegup"inParagraph3mean？A.Anewidentity. B.Ahelpinghand.C.Abigreward. D.Adifferentidea.解析B詞義猜測(cè)題。結(jié)合語境可知，下文中的"TheysellfreshproduceonNaver，SouthKorea’slargestsearchengine"便是年輕人使用"digitaltechnology"的具體案例，由實(shí)際情況可知，電子技術(shù)助了年輕人一臂之力，故B項(xiàng)與畫線部分的意義最接近。3.Whatisth