福建省福州市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題含解析

PAGE24-福建省福州市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)第三次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題（含解析）其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B.C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AWanttobemoresuccessful?Ifso,thenyouneedtoreadafewself-helpbooks.Herearefourpopularonestogetyougoing.59Seconds(2009)byRichardWisemanThisisaself-helpbookwithadifference.Wiseman,ascientist,usessciencetoprovemanyself-helpmyths(神話)arefalse.Forexample,self-helpbookssaythatifyouwanttoachieveagoal,youshouldvisualizeit.ButWisemansaysthat'stheworstthingtodo.Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegieThisisthebookthatlaunchedtheself-helptype.Carnegiesaysfinancialsuccessis15%professionalknowledgeand85%theabilitytoexpressideas,assumeleadership,andmotivatepeople.Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.TheMillionaireNextDoor(1996)byThomasStanley&WlliamDankoTheauthorsofthisbookspentyearsinterviewingAmericanmillionairestofigureoutthesecretsoftheirsuccess.Andtheydiscoveredthatamajorityofmillionairesdon'tliveluxurylifestyles.They'rerichbecausetheylivebelowtheirmeansandreinvestwhattheyearn.WhoMovedMyCheese?(1998)-bySpencerJohnsonWhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“l(fā)ittlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.1.Whatisthekeytoachievingsuccessin59Seconds?A.Toemployscience. B.Tofollowexamples.C.Topictureprocedures. D.Tovisualizethegoal.2.WhatisDaleCarnegie'sbookmainlyabout?A.Howtomasteroccupationalknowledge. B.Howtoapplypracticaltechniques.C.Howtogainstrongmanagement. D.Howtobecomepopularpersons.3.Whichbookcanhelpyouadapttochangeinyourlife?A.59Seconds B.WhoMovedMyCheese?C.TheMillionaireNextDoor D.HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了四本有助于變得更勝利的自助書(shū)籍?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)59Seconds(2009)byRichardWiseman部分中Studiesshowthatyouneedtovisualizethestepsrequiredtoachievethegoal.可知探討表明，你須要設(shè)想實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)所需的步驟。由此可知，要想在59秒內(nèi)取得勝利，關(guān)鍵是要把步驟想象出來(lái)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)HowtoWinFriends&InfluencePeople(1936)—byDaleCarnegie部分中Thebookisfullofpracticaladviceonhowtoinfluencepeoplebymakingthemlikeyou.可知這本書(shū)里有許多好用的建議，教你如何通過(guò)讓別人喜愛(ài)你來(lái)影響別人。由此可知，DaleCarnegie的書(shū)主要講了如何成為受歡迎的人。故選D。【3題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中WhoMovedMyCheese?AnAmazingWaytoDealwithChangeinYourWorkandinYourLife,publishedonSeptember8,1998,isamotivationalbusinessfable.Thetextdescribeschangeinone'sworkandlife,andfourtypicalreactionstothosechangesbytwomiceandtwo“l(fā)ittlepeople”，duringtheirhuntforcheese.可知1998年9月8日出版的《誰(shuí)動(dòng)了我的奶酪？處理工作和生活改變的奇妙方法》是一個(gè)勵(lì)志的商業(yè)寓言。文章描述了工作和生活的改變，以及兩只老鼠和兩個(gè)“小人物”在找尋奶酪的過(guò)程中對(duì)這些改變的四種典型反應(yīng)。由此可知，《誰(shuí)動(dòng)了我的奶酪？》這本書(shū)可以幫助你適應(yīng)生活中的改變。故選B。BWhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather'sfarm.AttheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenapsbutyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.Finally,thevillagewherehelivedgavehimalittlemoneytoParistostudyart.WhenMilletreachedParis,hehadatoughtime.Fortunately,whenhewasalmoststarving,someoneboughtoneofhispeasantpaintings,whichenabledhisfamilytoleaveforBarbizon.Millet'spicturesofpeasantsatworkwerepaintedinauniqueway.Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.Soastonishinglyaccuratewashismemorythathecouldpaintathomewithoutmodelsandgetallthemovementsofhisfiguresright.Whenhedidneedafiguretogoby,hewouldaskhiswifetoposeforhim.Oneofhisnotedartworksiscalled“TheSower”,whichshowsamanseeding.Hereachesintohisbagforseedandthenswingsbackwardtoscattertheseed,andwitheachswingofhishandthesowerstridesforward.InMillet'spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman'sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.Anothermasterpieceiscalled“TheGleaners”.Agleanerissomeonepickinguptheleftoverinthefieldafterthewheatharvest.WhenfarmersnearBarbizonareextremelybadly-off,eventhelittlethegleanerscanfindisahelp.YoucanseefromMillet'spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.4.WhatdoweknowaboutMillet?A.Hiswifesupportedhimtobeapainter. B.Hewaskeenonpaintingasakid.C.HespenthiswholelifeinBarbizon. D.HewasbroughtupinParis.5.Howdidhepaintthelaboringfarmers?A.Askingmodelsforhelp. B.Imaginingfiguresinthefield.C.Rememberingwhathehadobserved. D.Recallingthedaysonhisfather'sfarm.6.WhatdoMillet'sworksconvey?A.Thefarmers'hardships. B.Thesceneoffarming.C.Hisloveforthevillage. D.Hisanxietyaboutthefarmers.7.WhatpaintingstyleofMilletcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Impressionistic. B.Abstract.C.Romantic. D.Realistic.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了Millet從小就喜愛(ài)畫畫，他的畫作主要描繪了農(nóng)夫勞動(dòng)時(shí)的場(chǎng)景。他通過(guò)記住他所視察到的來(lái)描繪勞動(dòng)的農(nóng)夫，且Millet的作品傳達(dá)了農(nóng)夫的艱辛。文章最終介紹了他的兩幅作品?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中WhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather'sfarm.Attheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenaps,butyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.可知,當(dāng)小米還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他在他父親的農(nóng)場(chǎng)工作。在田間休息的時(shí)候，其他的工人都會(huì)打盹，但小Millet會(huì)花時(shí)間畫畫。由此可知，Millet從小就喜愛(ài)畫畫。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.可知畫家會(huì)到農(nóng)場(chǎng)去，看他們細(xì)致地挖土、鋤地、撒肥料、鋸木頭或播種。然后他回到家，把他所看到的畫出來(lái)。由此可知，他通過(guò)記住他所視察到的來(lái)描繪勞動(dòng)的農(nóng)夫。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中InMillet'spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman'sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.可知在Millet的畫中，播種者始終在努力工作，但他搖擺的步伐和手臂仍舊流暢地移動(dòng)，像一臺(tái)機(jī)器。只有這個(gè)男人的頭部顯露出他極度的乏累。以及最終一段中YoucanseefromMillet'spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.可知從Millet的畫中可以看出，拾穗是一項(xiàng)多么累人的工作。由此可推知，Millet的作品傳達(dá)了農(nóng)夫的艱辛。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章第三段中Millet通過(guò)視察勞動(dòng)的農(nóng)夫來(lái)進(jìn)行作畫，以及最終兩段描述Millet作品中農(nóng)夫耕作時(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)的形象，由此可推知，Millet的繪畫風(fēng)格是現(xiàn)實(shí)主義的。故選D。CTheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.Thecurriculumisbuiltaroundinterdisciplinaryproblems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity,plasticpollution,amongothers—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPoliceandVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.“We’regoingtotryandcreateareallytransformationaleducationalexperiencewhereallthepeopleintheinstitutionarewakingupeverymorningandsaying,‘Howcanwetakethesebrilliantyoungpeopleandgivethemanamazinglearningexperience?”saysEdFidoe,aco-founderoftheLIS.TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalarts(通識(shí)教化)degreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselycomeintoagreementwithwhatanAl-infused,automatedworlddemands:collaboration(協(xié)作)betweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskill,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting(令人生畏的):studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere’sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.Fidoesaysit’satallorder.“Areany17-year-oldsgoingtobecrazyenoughtocometosomethingthatdoesn’texistyetagainstsomethingthat’sbeenaroundfor150years?”hesays.IntheU.K,studentsapplythroughanadmissionsservicecenter,andexamresultsaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.8.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents’skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.9.What’sspecialaboutthecurriculumtheLISsetsup?A.Itissubject-centered. B.ItisbasedonAItechnology.C.Itcentersaroundsocialconcerns. D.Itcoverseveryaspectofsociety.10.Whatdoesthesentence“it’satallorder”underlinedinPara.3mean?A.It’sinterestingtoteachinanewapproach.B.It’sboundtoputthecurriculuminorder.C.It’sexcitingtotakeonnewchallenges.D.It’shardtobuildthenewuniversity.11.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLISfromthelastparagraph?A.Itpaysmoreattentiontoexamresults.B.Itfocusesmoreontheface-to-faceinterview.C.Itemphasizesstudents’personalexperiencesandqualities.D.Itstressestheimportanceofispre-determined“selectionday”.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了一所新的高校：倫敦跨學(xué)科學(xué)院(LIS)支配于2024年開(kāi)學(xué)，目標(biāo)是招收100名學(xué)生。該學(xué)院將放棄傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科，供應(yīng)三年的文學(xué)和科學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，旨在解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題，同時(shí)講解并描述了設(shè)立該高校的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。【8題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第一段第1句內(nèi)容“TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.(這所倫敦跨學(xué)科學(xué)院(LIS)支配于2024年開(kāi)學(xué)，目標(biāo)是招收100名學(xué)生。該學(xué)院將放棄傳統(tǒng)學(xué)科，供應(yīng)三年的文學(xué)和科學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位，旨在解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題。)”可知，該高校的目標(biāo)是教授學(xué)生如何解決現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的問(wèn)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段內(nèi)容“TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalartsdegreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistic,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.(這個(gè)想法類似于美國(guó)文科學(xué)位，但更詳細(xì)地側(cè)重于多個(gè)學(xué)科——經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)等——以解決諸如兒童肥胖等困難問(wèn)題。換句話說(shuō)，課程的中心是問(wèn)題，而不是學(xué)科。)”可知，該高校設(shè)立的課程特殊之處在于以諸如兒童肥胖等之類的社會(huì)關(guān)注問(wèn)題為中心，并以此為中心側(cè)重于多個(gè)學(xué)科解決問(wèn)題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。劃線句為對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。依據(jù)前文“Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting:studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere’sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.(從零起先建設(shè)一所新高校的挑戰(zhàn)是令人生畏的：學(xué)生們必需為未經(jīng)測(cè)試的東西簽字并付費(fèi)；全部的老師都必需以一種全新的，不同的方式教學(xué)；跨學(xué)科的課程可能會(huì)很好玩，但卻很單調(diào)。)”可知講解并描述了建立該高校的困難之處，因此推知，劃線句應(yīng)是在總結(jié)講解并描述該高校課程的難以實(shí)現(xiàn)和實(shí)施。選項(xiàng)D“It’shardtobuildthenewuniversity.”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段內(nèi)容：Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent’sbackground,motivations,andpassions.可知，在LIS，學(xué)生們將在預(yù)先確定的“選拔日”干脆申請(qǐng)，每個(gè)人都被邀請(qǐng)參與，這一天將包括一次面對(duì)面的面試，以便學(xué)院能夠更好地了解學(xué)生的背景、動(dòng)機(jī)和熱忱。因此可推知，該學(xué)校更加強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的個(gè)人背景和閱歷。C項(xiàng)“Itemphasizesstudents’personalexperiencesandqualities.(它強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)和品質(zhì)。)”為依據(jù)原文的合理推斷。故選C項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題考查內(nèi)容主要涉剛好間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事務(wù)、緣由、結(jié)果、數(shù)字等爭(zhēng)論文中例證細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)和定義類細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)。這類題目的共同特點(diǎn)是：答案一般都能在文章中找到。當(dāng)然，答案并不肯定是文章中的原句，考生須要依據(jù)文章供應(yīng)的信息自己組織語(yǔ)句回答問(wèn)題。比如文章的第1小題：1.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents’skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“aim”，利用尋讀法可定位至文章第一段第1句內(nèi)容“TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2024withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathreeyearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.”可知，“todealwithreal-worldissues”應(yīng)是用動(dòng)詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)表明該學(xué)院設(shè)立的目的，但選項(xiàng)中并未有原句表達(dá)，通過(guò)分析選項(xiàng)，與原文對(duì)比可知，選項(xiàng)B“Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.(將真實(shí)世界解決問(wèn)題的方法引入高等教化)”與原文表達(dá)含義一樣。故B項(xiàng)為答案。DInaccessibleIslandiswellnamed.ItisanuninhabitedrockintheSouthAtlanticocean.Gothere,though,andyouwillfinditscoastiscoveredwithlitter.ThathasbeentheexperienceofPeterRyanoftheUniversityofCapeTown,inSouthAfrica.Since1984Dr.RyanhasbeenvisitingInaccessible,recordingthelitterstrandedontheisland'sbeaches.Thisweek,hehaspublishedtheresults.ThoughInaccessibleisindeedremote,thenatureofoceaniccirculationmeansthatthisisexactlythesortofplacewherefloatingrubbishtendstoaccumulate.Dr.Ryanandhiscolleaguesfocusedononeparticularclassoflitter:bottles.Theirdefinitionofabottleincludedjarsandcontainers,andthingsmadeofmetal,glassorpolymer.Most,though,wereofpolyethyleneterephthalate,alightplastic.Aparticularadvantageofpickingbottlestoinvestigateisthattheyareoftenstampedwiththeircountryofmanufacture.ThatenabledDr.Ryantoanalyzethehistoryofoceaniclittering.Heanalyzedtheproportionsofbottlesfromvariousgeographicalsources.In1989thepreponderance(優(yōu)勢(shì))ofthem(67%)wasSouthAmerican.Twentyyearslater,in2009,bottlesmadeinAsiacontributedmoreorlessequally(44%)withSouthAmericanones(41%).By2024theoverwhelming(壓倒性的)majority(74%)wereAsian.Thisgeographicalshiftspeaksvolumes.ThefirstsamplesuggestsmostlitterarrivingonInaccessiblehadbeenwashedoffthelandordroppedfromcoastalshipping—SouthAmericabeingarelativelynearbycontinent.Theothertwo,withtheirrisingproportionsofrubbishfromAsia,whichistoofarfromtheislandforittohavefloatedthere,stronglysuggestitwascrews’emptiesbeingflungfromships.Suchlitteringisbanned—which,ironically,cameintoforcein1989.Butevidentlyalotofships’captainsdonotcare.Theypermitthedumpingofrubbishovertheside,regardless.12.WhatleadstolittergatheringonInaccessibleIsland?A.Thenaturalphenomenonofoceancurrents. B.Toomanypeople’sactivitiesontheisland.C.Thelitter’sfloatingaroundtheisland. D.Theisland’sremotelocation.13.WhydoesDr.Ryanchoosebottlesassubjects?A.Itiseasytoanalyzethem. B.Itispossibletofigureouttheirsources.C.Therearestampsattachedtothem. D.Theycontributemosttooceaniclittering.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flung”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Castaway. B.Givenaway.C.Carriedout. D.Putout.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlasticBottlesWasheduponInaccessibleIslandB.GeographicalFactorsAccountingforMoreRubbishC.PlasticPollutionWorseningonRemoteAtlanticD.ABottledupRubbishProblemonInaccessibleIsland【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。Inaccessible島的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一塊無(wú)人居住的巖石。然而，去那里，你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)它的海岸到處都是垃圾。PeterRyan和他的同事們的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)Inaccessible島上的垃圾積累的緣由是因?yàn)檠罅鲗?dǎo)致的，文章還說(shuō)明白他們是如何進(jìn)行調(diào)查從而發(fā)覺(jué)這一緣由的，他們發(fā)覺(jué)島上的垃圾都是從陸地上被沖走的，或者是從沿海的船只上扔下的?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段ThoughInaccessibleisindeedremote,thenatureofoceaniccirculationmeansthatthisisexactlythesortofplacewherefloatingrubbishtendstoaccumulate.可知，雖然Inaccessible島的確很遙遠(yuǎn)，但海洋環(huán)流的性質(zhì)意味著這里正是漂移垃圾簡(jiǎn)潔積累的地方。由此可知，洋流的自然現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致了Inaccessible島的垃圾積累。故選A。【13題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第五段中Aparticularadvantageofpickingbottlestoinvestigateisthattheyareoftenstampedwiththeircountryofmanufacture.可知，選擇瓶子進(jìn)行調(diào)查的一個(gè)特殊優(yōu)點(diǎn)是，它們通常都印有生產(chǎn)國(guó)家的標(biāo)記。由此可知，Ryan博士選擇瓶子作為試驗(yàn)對(duì)象是因?yàn)檫@樣可能可以弄清瓶子的來(lái)源。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)上文Theothertwo,withtheirrisingproportionsofrubbishfromAsia,whichistoofarfromtheislandforittohavefloatedthere,stronglysuggestitwascrews’emptiesbeing可知，另外兩艘船中，來(lái)自亞洲的垃圾越來(lái)越多，因?yàn)閬喼揠x該島太遠(yuǎn)，不行能漂移在島上，這有力地說(shuō)明白這是船員從船上丟棄的空垃圾。由此可知，劃線單詞意思為“丟棄”。A.Castaway.丟棄；B.Givenaway.分發(fā)；C.Carriedout.實(shí)施；D.Putout.熄滅。故選A?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段InaccessibleIslandiswellnamed.ItisanuninhabitedrockintheSouthAtlanticocean.Gothere,though,andyouwillfinditscoastiscoveredwithlitter.可知，Inaccessible島的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一塊無(wú)人居住的巖石。然而，去那里，你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)它的海岸到處都是垃圾。結(jié)合文章主要介紹了Inaccessible島的名字很好。它是南大西洋的一塊無(wú)人居住的巖石。然而，去那里，你會(huì)發(fā)覺(jué)它的海岸到處都是垃圾。PeterRyan和他的同事們的一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)Inaccessible島上的垃圾積累的緣由是因?yàn)檠罅鲗?dǎo)致的，文章還說(shuō)明白他們是如何進(jìn)行調(diào)查從而發(fā)覺(jué)這一緣由的，他們發(fā)覺(jué)島上的垃圾都是從陸地上被沖走的，或者是從沿海的船只上扔下的。由此可知，D選項(xiàng)“Inaccessible島上的垃圾問(wèn)題”最符合文章標(biāo)題，故選D。其次節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Manyparentsseebusinessownershipasabetterbetfortheirkids'futurethanagraduatedegree.Someparentsdescribeditastheopportunitytocontroltheirfortunesandhaveachancetogetwealth.___16___.Infact,settingachildupinbusinessissurelyonebigtestofthatbond.Itisprobablyrisky:small-businessfailuresarecommon,andparentsrisklosingtheirentireinvestment,theirlifesavings,ormore.Theyalsoriskhavingtheirrelationshipswithyoung-adultchildrenintentatthisstageonindependence.___17___.JonKelecy'sfathersethimuprecentlyinafranchise(加盟店).Jon,26,lovestheworkandappreciateshisdad'ssupport.Buthedislikes"beinginhisfather'spocket"inspiteofalltheanxietyofastart-up.Manyparentschoosefranchisesfortheirkidsbecausetheyseemtooffermarketing,brandingandmanagementsupport.___18___.Onemotherlost$250,000whenafast-foodfranchiseshepurchasedforhersonfiled,Mr.Bundysays.Inanothercase,parentslost8350.000onacoffee-shopbusinesstheyfinancedfortheirdaughter.___19___.“Asaparent,thebestgityoucaneverreceiveistoseeyourchildrenhappyandsuccessful,andequippedtomakealiving,"MarvinHimelsays.___20___.Somestructureditasaloananddelayedrepayment.Otherstookstockinthebusiness,withanagreementthattheirchildwouldusefutureearningstobuyitback.Someparentslookfartherahead,hopingtheirchildren'sbusinesswillsupporttheminretirement.A.It'shardforchildrentomakeachoiceB.Afewvieweditasalong-terminvestmentC.Thesetupscanbestressfulforyoungadults,tooD.Butstart-upbusinesscostsquitealot,andhashighrisksE.ParentsoftensaytheywoulddoanythingfortheirchildrenF.ChildrenareeagertogetsupportfromtheirparentsinmanagementG.Forsomeparents,however,thepotentialrewardsseemworthalltherisk【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.G20.B【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。在許多父母眼里，對(duì)于孩子的將來(lái)而言，擁有一家企業(yè)是比一紙畢業(yè)文憑更好的選擇。因此，一些家長(zhǎng)出錢幫孩子創(chuàng)業(yè)，為老有所依?！?6題詳解】下一句提到“事實(shí)上，讓孩子經(jīng)商無(wú)疑是對(duì)這種承諾的一大考驗(yàn)?！背薪酉挛?，E選項(xiàng)“父母常說(shuō)他們情愿為自己的孩子做任何事?！鼻蓄}。選項(xiàng)中的doanythingfortheirchildren與下文的thatbond對(duì)應(yīng)。故選E。【17題詳解】前文提到“這可能是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的：小生意失敗很常見(jiàn)，父母?jìng)兛赡軙?huì)失去全部的投資、一輩子的積蓄，甚至更多。他們還可能會(huì)與現(xiàn)階段準(zhǔn)備獨(dú)立的剛成年的孩子變得關(guān)系驚慌?！背薪由衔?，C選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)的組織籌劃對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)也可能很有壓力?！鼻蓄}。故選C?！?8題詳解】下文提到“有位母親給兒子買了一家快餐特許加盟店，小店破產(chǎn)后，損失了25萬(wàn)美元。還有一個(gè)例子，一對(duì)家長(zhǎng)為女兒買了一家咖啡店，結(jié)果損失了35萬(wàn)美元。承接下文，D選項(xiàng)“企業(yè)啟動(dòng)成本特別高，而且風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大”切題。故選D?！?9題詳解】下文提到“馬文·希墨爾說(shuō)，作為一名家長(zhǎng)，你能收到的最好禮物就是看著自己的孩子歡樂(lè)勝利，有謀生的實(shí)力?！背薪酉挛模珿選項(xiàng)“對(duì)一些家長(zhǎng)來(lái)說(shuō)，潛在的回報(bào)看起來(lái)值得冒這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。”切題。故選G。【20題詳解】下文提到“一些人把它作為一筆貸款和延期還款。還有人在企業(yè)中入股，同時(shí)簽訂協(xié)議規(guī)定他們的孩子會(huì)用將來(lái)的收益回購(gòu)股份。”承接下文，B選項(xiàng)“一些人將其看成是一向長(zhǎng)期投資?！鼻蓄}。故選B。第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadrone(無(wú)人機(jī))deliveryserviceoncampus.KikiAir___21___todelivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders___22___anapp.Theserviceisbeingtested___23___usingasmallgroupofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___24___wide.DeveloperstoldtheYaleDailyNewsthatusers___25___itemsfromamenuontheirphonesandreceivethematoneofseveraldrop___26___aroundcampusinapaddedenvelope___27___toadrone.KikiAir'sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___28___fromaclassprojectandhas___29___a$150,000grant(補(bǔ)助金)fromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.“Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn'tbeen____30____inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis____31____,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.WecreatedKikiAir____32____wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe____33____thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint.”Customersarenotifiedwhenadroneis____34____theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato____35____apackage.ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone____36____lastweekontoacampuswalkway,butnobodywas____37____.Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”andsaidthecompanyhasincreased____38____andwillimprovetheserviceaftertheincident.Yaleofficialsdidn’timmediatelyreturn____39____leftonMondayseekingcomment.Companyofficialssaytheyhopeeventuallyto____40____theservicetoothercampuses.21.A.prefers B.promises C.manages D.demands22.A.for B.to C.through D.over23.A.currently B.gradually C.sincerely D.fluently24.A.nation B.world C.town D.campus25.A.order B.require C.consult D.accept26.A.directions B.locations C.environments D.devices27.A.carried B.added C.attached D.accessed28.A.grew B.dated C.benefited D.differed29.A.raised B.gained C.saved D.donated30.A.updated B.discovered C.operated D.explained31.A.convenient B.necessary C.unpopular D.expensive32.A.when B.if C.because D.though33.A.way B.result C.case D.event34.A.finding B.leaving C.nearing D.locating35.A.doup B.pickup C.giveout D.putout36.A.stopped B.landed C.arrived D.fell37.A.warned B.affected C.injured D.punished38.A.delivering B.flying C.controlling D.training39.A.items B.messages C.service D.drone40.A.improve B.restore C.exchange D.expand【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.C35.B36.D37.C38.D39.B40.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了在耶魯高校試用的無(wú)人機(jī)送貨服務(wù)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：KikiAir承諾，只要學(xué)生通過(guò)應(yīng)用程序下訂單，就能給他們送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.prefers更喜愛(ài)；B.promises向（某人）承諾（賜予他們某物）；向（某人）保證（他們獲得某物）；C.manages管理；（設(shè)法）做成某事；D.demands要求。依據(jù)前文“adronedeliveryservice”可知，主語(yǔ)“Kiki”應(yīng)是無(wú)人機(jī)送貨服務(wù)，結(jié)合后文“delivercandy,snacksandothersmallitemstostudentswhoplaceorders”可知，其應(yīng)當(dāng)保證給與下單的學(xué)生供應(yīng)糖果，零食和其他小物品。故選B項(xiàng)。22題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：KikiAir承諾，只要學(xué)生通過(guò)應(yīng)用程序下訂單，就能給他們送去糖果、零食和其他小商品。A.for為了；B.to朝向；C.through通過(guò)；D.over在……之上。依據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)為“anapp”，可知，應(yīng)是通過(guò)該軟件下單訂購(gòu)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)服務(wù)目前正在一小部分學(xué)生客戶中進(jìn)行測(cè)試，然后在全校范圍內(nèi)推出。A.currently當(dāng)前；一般地；B.gradually漸漸地；C.sincerely懇切地；真誠(chéng)地；D.fluently流暢地；通暢地。依據(jù)句中“Theserviceisbeingtested___3___usingasmallgroupofstudentcustomersbeforebeinglaunched___4__wide.”含有的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，因此可知，在講解并描述當(dāng)前的狀況。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這項(xiàng)服務(wù)目前正在一小部分學(xué)生客戶中進(jìn)行測(cè)試，然后在全校范圍內(nèi)推出。A.nation國(guó)家；民族；B.world世界；C.town城鎮(zhèn)；D.campus校內(nèi)。依據(jù)文章首句內(nèi)容“AgroupofstudentsatYaleUniversityhassetupadronedeliveryserviceoncampus.”可知，該服務(wù)是要在校內(nèi)里開(kāi)展的。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：研發(fā)人員告知《耶魯每日新聞》，用戶從手機(jī)上的菜單上訂購(gòu)商品，然后在校內(nèi)旁邊的幾個(gè)投遞地點(diǎn)之一收到商品，商品裝在附在無(wú)人機(jī)上的軟墊信封里。A.order吩咐；訂購(gòu)；B.require要求；C.consult詢問(wèn)；查閱；D.accept接受。依據(jù)后文賓語(yǔ)為items，意為“物品”，且主語(yǔ)為“users”，意為“用戶”，可推知，應(yīng)是用戶通過(guò)手機(jī)訂購(gòu)物品。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：研發(fā)人員告知《耶魯每日新聞》，用戶從手機(jī)上的菜單上訂購(gòu)商品，然后在校內(nèi)旁邊的幾個(gè)投遞地點(diǎn)之一收到商品，商品裝在附在無(wú)人機(jī)上的軟墊信封里。A.directions方向；說(shuō)明書(shū)；B.locations地點(diǎn)；精確位置；C.environments環(huán)境；D.devices儀器；設(shè)備。依據(jù)前文“receivethem”可知，本句應(yīng)是講解并描述收貨地點(diǎn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：研發(fā)人員告知《耶魯每日新聞》，用戶從手機(jī)上的菜單上訂購(gòu)商品，然后在校內(nèi)旁邊的幾個(gè)投遞地點(diǎn)之一收到商品，商品裝在附在無(wú)人機(jī)上的軟墊信封里。A.carried提；抱；攜帶；B.added增加；C.attached附;貼;系；D.accessed獲得。依據(jù)前文“apaddedenvelope”，意為“軟墊信封”，可知訂購(gòu)的商品被放在軟墊信封里，而該信封應(yīng)是附著在無(wú)人機(jī)上。attachto，固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“依附，附屬；使貼/粘在……上”，符合句意要求。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：KikiAir的創(chuàng)始人、耶魯高校大四學(xué)生JasonLu說(shuō)，他的公司是從一個(gè)課堂項(xiàng)目發(fā)展起來(lái)的，并從加州的一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資者那里獲得了15萬(wàn)美元的資助。A.grew生長(zhǎng)；B.dated給……標(biāo)注日期；C.benefited有益于;得益；D.differed不同。結(jié)合句子“KikiAir’sfounder,YaleseniorJasonLu,sayshiscompany___8___fromaclassprojectandhas___9___a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”句意可知，本句在講解并描述KikiAir的“創(chuàng)業(yè)”初始，起源于一個(gè)班級(jí)項(xiàng)目。growfrom“由……發(fā)展起來(lái)”，符合句意要求。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：KikiAir創(chuàng)始人、耶魯高校大四學(xué)生JasonLu說(shuō)，他的公司是從一個(gè)課堂項(xiàng)目發(fā)展起來(lái)的，并從加州的一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資者那里獲得了15萬(wàn)美元的資助。A.raised提高；籌集；B.gained獲得；C.saved救助；儲(chǔ)蓄；D.donated捐贈(zèng)。依據(jù)后文“a$150,000grantfromaCalifornia-basedinvestorinstartups.”可知，150,000美元的補(bǔ)助金是從投資者那里獲得的資助。gainsthfromsb.“從某人那里得到某物”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：便利店的商業(yè)模式已經(jīng)有100年沒(méi)有更新過(guò)了。A.updated更新；B.discovered發(fā)覺(jué)；發(fā)覺(jué)；C.operated操作；D.explained說(shuō)明。依據(jù)句子：Theconveniencestorebusinessmodelhasn’tbeen___10__inahundredyears,”Co-founderCatOrmantoldthestudentnewspaper.“Deliveryis___11_,inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages.”句意理解可知，“ahundredyears”，“inefficient”，“terriblewages”均可推想CatOrman在講解并描述一百年以來(lái)便利店的“不便之處”，工作模式未曾得到更新。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：運(yùn)輸成本昂揚(yáng)，效率低下，潛水員的工資也很低。A.convenient便利的；B.necessary必要的；C.unpopular不受歡迎的；D.expensive昂貴的。依據(jù)后文“inefficientandpaysdiversterriblewages”可知，在講解并描述便利店的“不便之處”：送貨效率低，給司機(jī)的工資也很低，因此可推知，“昂貴的”也可為其不便之處。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們創(chuàng)建了KikiAir，因?yàn)槲覀兿氚堰@種模式帶入將來(lái)，以創(chuàng)建真正的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和削減碳蹤跡的方式。A.when當(dāng)……時(shí)候；B.if假如；是否；C.because因?yàn)?；D.though盡管。分析可知，后文“wewanttobringthatmodelintothefutureinthe___13__thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint(我們想把這種模式帶入將來(lái)，以創(chuàng)建真正的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和削減碳蹤跡的方式)”應(yīng)是之前句“WecreatedKiki”的緣由，應(yīng)用邏輯連詞because引導(dǎo)。故選C項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們創(chuàng)建了KikiAir，因?yàn)槲覀兿氚堰@種模式帶入將來(lái)，以創(chuàng)建真正的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)和削減碳蹤跡的方式。A.way方法；道路；B.result結(jié)果；C.case狀況；案例；D.event事務(wù)。分析可知，“thatcreatesrealjobsandreducesthecarbonfootprint”應(yīng)是所填空名詞的定語(yǔ)從句，依據(jù)該從句含義可知，這是一種將來(lái)的便利店經(jīng)營(yíng)的方法和模式。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)一架無(wú)人機(jī)接近預(yù)先支配好的投遞區(qū)時(shí)，客戶會(huì)收到通知，以確保他們?cè)谠摰貐^(qū)取走包袱。A.finding找到；發(fā)覺(jué)；B.leaving離開(kāi)；C.nearing接近；靠近；D.locating定位；找到……的精確位置。依據(jù)后文“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareinthearea”可知，客戶會(huì)收到通知，以確保能夠在指定區(qū)域內(nèi)拿到包袱，因此，無(wú)人機(jī)應(yīng)是在接近/靠近該區(qū)域時(shí)才發(fā)出通知。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：當(dāng)一架無(wú)人機(jī)接近預(yù)先支配好投遞區(qū)時(shí)，客戶會(huì)收到通知，以確保他們?cè)谠摰貐^(qū)取走包袱。A.doup扣好；B.pickup拿起；取走；C.giveout分發(fā)；D.putout熄滅。依據(jù)“theprearrangeddropzonetoensuretheyareintheareato___15__apackage”可知，無(wú)人機(jī)遞送包袱，應(yīng)是將其放在地上，客戶應(yīng)是將其撿起拿走，因此“pickup”符合句意和語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該報(bào)報(bào)道稱，上周，一架Kiki無(wú)人機(jī)墜落到校內(nèi)走廊上，但無(wú)人受傷。A.stopped停止；B.landed著陸；著陸；C.arrived到達(dá)；D.fell落下；墜落。依據(jù)后文“willimprovetheserviceaftertheincident”可知，應(yīng)是發(fā)生了事故，因此可推知，本句在講解并描述該事故“無(wú)人機(jī)墜落”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：該報(bào)報(bào)道稱，上周，一架Kiki無(wú)人機(jī)墜落到校內(nèi)走廊上，但無(wú)人受傷。A.warned警告；B.affected影響；C.injured損害；使受傷；D.punished懲處。依據(jù)前文“ThenewspaperreportedthataKikiAirdrone___16___lastweekontoacampuswalkway”可知，報(bào)道了一件無(wú)人機(jī)墜落到校內(nèi)走道上的事故，but表轉(zhuǎn)折，應(yīng)是無(wú)人受傷。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：阿曼稱這是一次“可控著陸”，并表示公司已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)了培訓(xùn)，并將在事故后改善服務(wù)。A.delivering遞送；B.flying飛行；C.controlling限制；D.training訓(xùn)練。依據(jù)前文Omandescribedtheincidentasa“controlledlanding”可知，負(fù)責(zé)人將這次事故描述為“受控著陸”，因此可推知，該公司應(yīng)加強(qiáng)無(wú)人機(jī)訓(xùn)練以便改善服務(wù)。故選D項(xiàng)。【39題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：耶魯管理人員沒(méi)