DB43-T 2383-2022鉤藤種植技術(shù)規(guī)程

ICS65.020.20

CCSB05

43

湖南省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

DB43/T2383—2022

鉤藤種植技術(shù)規(guī)程

Technicalspecificationsforplantinguncariaeramuluscumuncis

2022-07-08發(fā)布2022-10-08實施

湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布

DB43/T2383—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語與定義············································································································1

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境···············································································································1

5育苗·····················································································································2

6定植·····················································································································3

7田間管理···············································································································3

8病蟲害防治············································································································3

9采收加工與貯運······································································································4

10檔案管理··············································································································4

附錄A（資料性）鉤藤主要病蟲害防治方法····································································5

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DB43/T2383—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳提出。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會歸口。

本文件起草單位：湖南新匯制藥股份有限公司、長沙新林制藥有限公司、湖南中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)、懷化學(xué)

院、懷化林泉藥業(yè)有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：何述金、王煒、李勝華、周代俊、周準(zhǔn)、楊志輝、何承東、黃黎明、朱美成、

石堯輝、周樂學(xué)、吳長軍。

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DB43/T2383—2022

鉤藤種植技術(shù)規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了鉤藤種植的術(shù)語與定義、產(chǎn)地環(huán)境、育苗、定植、田間管理、病蟲害防治、采收、加

工與貯運及檔案管理等內(nèi)容。

本文件適用于湖南省鉤藤的種植。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本文件。

GB3095環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB5084農(nóng)田灌溉水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T8321農(nóng)藥合理使用準(zhǔn)則

GB15618土壤質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

NY/T496肥料合理使用準(zhǔn)則通則

中華人民共和國藥典（2020年版一部）

3術(shù)語與定義

下列術(shù)語與定義適用于本文件。

3.1

鉤藤

本文件所指鉤藤為茜草科鉤藤（Uncariarhynchophylla(Miq.)Miq.exHavil.）的帶鉤莖枝。

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境

4.1基地選取

種植基地應(yīng)遠離工礦企業(yè)、醫(yī)院、垃圾場、畜牧場、公路主干道、居民區(qū)等污染源。

4.2土壤

土壤質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合GB15618的規(guī)定。

4.3水質(zhì)

灌溉水質(zhì)應(yīng)符合GB5084的規(guī)定。

4.4空氣

空氣質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合GB3095的規(guī)定。

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DB43/T2383—2022

5育苗

5.1種子繁殖

5.1.1采種

每年10月中下旬采集種子，日曬2天，蒴果搓爛，過細篩后得到種子，放入溫度為50℃～55℃

的水中浸泡5h后，放在盆里拌草木灰進行消毒和打破種子表面蠟質(zhì)層，然后拌河沙。

5.1.2苗床準(zhǔn)備

深挖30cm～40cm，打碎土塊，撿凈樹根、石塊，然后順坡開溝著廂，廂面寬1.2m，廂間溝寬

30cm、深20cm，廂面表土培細整平。

5.1.3播種

在3月下旬至4月上旬播種均可。播種量一般15kg/hm2。

5.1.4苗床管理

播種60d左右開始出苗，出苗后10d達出苗高峰期，出苗后20d結(jié)束。適當(dāng)澆水，及時除草。

干旱期間在早晚土壤溫度較低時澆水。

5.2扦插繁殖

5.2.1苗床準(zhǔn)備

土壤經(jīng)深翻，除去雜草，按寬1.0m～1.2m、高15cm～20cm的規(guī)格起眭，平整細耙后，每667m2

施腐熟農(nóng)家肥800kg作為基肥，再用過篩的黃心土或沙壤質(zhì)細土鋪于苗床面。肥料使用應(yīng)符合NY/T496

的規(guī)定。

5.2.2扦插

3月初，選取健壯、半木質(zhì)化、無病蟲害的帶芽枝條切段作為插穗，每段帶壯健芽2個～3個，基

部切口略帶斜口。用0.2％的多菌靈溶液浸泡15min。插穗基部用200mg/L的NAA溶液浸泡5min。

扦插株行距15cm×20cm左右，扦插深度為3cm～5cm，插條與地面角度成60°，頂端順著插床方向。

扦插完畢后，對整個苗床進行澆水。最后搭遮陰棚，棚高50cm。

5.2.3苗床管理

5.2.3.1澆水

插條扦插后當(dāng)天澆一次透水，以后要保持土壤濕潤，待插條生根以后澆水次數(shù)可適當(dāng)減少。

5.2.3.2追肥

當(dāng)新枝長到3cm左右，每667m2追施5kg～8kg尿素。肥料使用應(yīng)符合NY/T496的規(guī)定。

5.2.3.3中耕除草

插條生根后即可進行中耕除草，初次中耕要淺；種苗進入旺盛生長期后，中耕深度可適當(dāng)加深。

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6定植

6.1選地

選擇朝陽，土層深厚，肥沃疏松，排水保水能力強的山地。

6.2整地施肥

栽植前，深耕30cm～50cm，清除樹根、雜草等雜物，平整地面，起壟作穴前，對土地深翻2次，

深翻深度應(yīng)大于25cm。每667m2土雜肥500kg，耕細整平。肥料使用應(yīng)符合NY/T496的規(guī)定。

6.3挖定植穴

按株行距1.5m×2m或2m×2m挖植苗穴，穴長、寬、深均為30cm。每穴施入腐熟農(nóng)家肥2kg

或復(fù)合肥0.15kg，并用表層土與肥料混合拌勻施入穴中，然后覆土稍高于原地面，整成龜背形。肥料

使用應(yīng)符合NY/T496的規(guī)定。

6.4時間

每年3月～5月或9月～12月進行移栽。

6.5方法

穴栽法。

7田間管理

7.1中耕除草

及時中耕除草。一般每年2次。春季應(yīng)淺鋤，秋冬季宜全墾深翻培土，清園中耕。

7.2補苗

移栽后及時檢查，發(fā)現(xiàn)缺苗或死苗應(yīng)及時補栽。

7.3水肥管理

雨季，要及時清溝排水，防止園地積水。高溫干旱時應(yīng)及時灌溉抗旱。在春秋季再分別追施少量有

機生態(tài)肥和每株0.15kg復(fù)合肥。追肥時，在植株根旁挖施肥溝，放入肥料后蓋土。肥料使用應(yīng)符合

NY/T496的規(guī)定。

7.4修剪

第一年鉤藤長至1.5m時及時打頂，使鉤藤多分枝。第三年產(chǎn)鉤后，每年在采收時對莖蔓短截約留

60cm長。

8病蟲害防治

8.1主要病蟲害

主要病害為根腐病。主要蟲害有蚜蟲、蛀心蟲、毛蟲、黑絨金龜子等。

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DB43/T2383—2022

8.2防治原則

預(yù)防為主，綜合防控。

8.3生物防治

使用生物源農(nóng)藥，保護和利用種植地有益生物及優(yōu)勢種群。

8.4物理防治

采用殺蟲燈或黑光燈、粘蟲板、糖醋液等幼殺害蟲。整地時發(fā)現(xiàn)蠐螬、地老虎等及時滅殺。

8.5化學(xué)防治

主要病蟲害防治方法參見附錄A。農(nóng)藥使用應(yīng)符合GB/T8321的規(guī)定。

9采收、加工與貯運

9.1采收

每年的秋冬兩季均可進行采收。將帶鉤的莖枝剪下。

9.2加工

去葉，切段，曬干或陰干。質(zhì)量應(yīng)符合《中華人民共和國藥典》（2020年版一部）的要求。

9.3包裝

應(yīng)符合牢固、整潔、防潮、美觀的要求。

9.4貯運

選擇通風(fēng)、干燥、避光、防鼠蟲和防潮倉庫儲存，并定期檢查產(chǎn)品保存情況。運輸工具應(yīng)清潔衛(wèi)生、

干燥、無異味，不應(yīng)與有毒、有異味、有污染的物品混裝混運。運輸途中應(yīng)防雨、防潮、防暴曬。

10檔案管理

種植單位應(yīng)保存完整、真實的產(chǎn)地環(huán)境質(zhì)量資料，生產(chǎn)栽培管理和銷售記錄。生產(chǎn)栽培管理和銷售

記錄包括投入物品、種植、收獲、處理、銷售等全過程記錄檔案。檔案至少保存2年。

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附錄A

（資料性）

鉤藤主要病蟲害防治方法

防治對象癥狀推薦藥劑施用方法安全間隔期

2％幾丁聚糖水劑100-150毫升7天

/畝，7d～10d噴灑1次，連

噴2次～3次；

2％幾丁聚糖水劑、

或48％霜霉?氟啶胺懸浮劑60毫14天

48％霜霉?氟啶胺懸

升/畝～80毫升/畝，7d～10d

浮劑、

幼苗根部皮層和側(cè)噴灑1次，連噴2次～3次；

根腐病25％吡唑醚菌酯懸

根腐爛，莖葉枯死?；?5％吡唑醚菌酯懸浮劑2021天

浮劑、

毫升/畝～40毫升/畝，7d噴

10％苯醚甲環(huán)唑水

灑1次，連噴2次；

分散粒劑

或10％苯醚甲環(huán)唑水分散粒劑7天

67克/畝～100克/畝，7d噴灑

1次，連噴2次

4月份。幼苗長出嫩葉時發(fā)生。7

10％吡蟲啉可濕性用10％吡蟲啉可濕性粉劑3000

蚜蟲月～8月份危害植株頂部嫩莖15天

粉劑倍液噴殺。

葉。

幼蟲蛀入莖內(nèi)咬壞組織，中斷水

蛀心蟲分養(yǎng)料的30％敵百蟲用30％敵百蟲l000倍液噴殺。15天

運輸，致使頂部逐漸萎蔫下垂。

用50％敵敵畏乳油l000倍液15天

50％敵敵畏乳油、

6月份成蟲開始為害，可將新發(fā)噴殺；

毛蟲100克/升氯氰菊酯

莖枝葉片吃光，影響產(chǎn)量或100克/升氯氰菊酯乳油7天

乳油

2000倍～3700倍液噴霧噴殺。

5月～6月成蟲將初發(fā)新葉咬成用20％甲氰菊酯乳油3000倍

黑絨金龜子20％甲氰菊酯乳油15天

孔洞。液噴殺。

5

DB43/T2383—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語與定義············································································································1

4產(chǎn)地環(huán)境···············································································································1

5育苗·····················································································································2

6定植·····················································································································3

7田間管理···············································································································3

8病蟲害防治············································································································3

9采收加工與貯運······································································································4

10檔案管理··············································································································4

附錄A（資料性）鉤藤主要病蟲害防治方法····································································5

I

DB43/T2383—2022