DB43-T 2378-2022百合鱗莖腐爛病綜合防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

ICS65.020.20

CCSB05

43

湖南省地方標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

DB43/T2378—2022

百合鱗莖腐爛病綜合防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

Technicalcodeofpracticefortheintegrativeprevention

andcontroloflilybulbrot

2022-07-08發(fā)布2022-10-08實施

湖南省市場監(jiān)督管理局發(fā)布

DB43/T2378—2022

目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

4防控原則···············································································································1

5防治技術(shù)···············································································································1

5.1品種選擇·········································································································2

5.2種球處理·········································································································2

5.3土壤處理·········································································································2

5.4健身栽培·········································································································2

5.5藥劑防治·········································································································2

5.6采收貯存·······································································································2

6生產(chǎn)檔案···············································································································2

6.1生產(chǎn)檔案·········································································································2

6.2檔案管理·········································································································2

附錄A（資料性）百合鱗莖腐爛病發(fā)生及危害特征···························································3

附錄B（資料性）百合鱗莖腐爛病防控農(nóng)藥名錄······························································4

附錄C（規(guī)范性）生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表··········································································5

I

DB43/T2378—2022

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

請注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識別專利的責(zé)任。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村廳提出。

本文件由湖南省農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會歸口。

本文件起草單位：湖南省棉花科學(xué)研究所、湖南大學(xué)、湖南省農(nóng)情研究分析中心、常德市農(nóng)林科學(xué)

研究院、鼎城區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局、湘潭縣農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局。

本文件主要起草人：李彩紅、曾球、梅正鼎、趙瑞元、郭莉莉、劉冰蕾、李飛、何叔軍、彭凡嘉、

楊彬、馬杰、王永波、尹凌潔、汪建武、諸鳳丹、龍熙平、王家珍、向?qū)W明、彭春娥、趙容波。

III

DB43/T2378—2022

百合鱗莖腐爛病綜合防控技術(shù)規(guī)程

1范圍

本文件規(guī)定了百合鱗莖腐爛病綜合防控的防控原則、防治技術(shù)和生產(chǎn)檔案等技術(shù)要求。

本文件適用于百合生產(chǎn)過程中鱗莖腐爛病的綜合防控。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文件，

僅該日期對應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用于本文件。

GB/T8321農(nóng)藥合理使用準(zhǔn)則

GB/T32741肥料和土壤調(diào)理劑

NY884生物有機(jī)肥

NY/T1276農(nóng)藥安全使用規(guī)范總則

3術(shù)語和定義

下列術(shù)語和定義適用于本文件。

3.1

百合鱗莖腐爛病lilybulbrotdisease

百合生長和貯存過程中主要由尖孢鐮刀菌引起的病害。

（注：其發(fā)生及危害特征見附錄A。）

3.2

植物免疫誘抗劑plantimmuneinducer

能夠誘導(dǎo)植物免疫系統(tǒng)使植物獲得或提高對病原菌抗性的制劑。

4防控原則

堅持“預(yù)防為主，綜合防治”的植保方針，根據(jù)百合鱗莖腐爛病的發(fā)生規(guī)律，優(yōu)先采用農(nóng)業(yè)防治和

生物防治，結(jié)合使用高效低毒低殘留農(nóng)藥進(jìn)行防治。

5防治技術(shù)

5.1品種選擇

選擇抗病性強(qiáng)的品種，或脫毒種苗，種球要求均勻一致，健壯無病蟲為害，無損傷。

5.2種球處理

使用45％咪鮮胺水乳劑2000倍液或3億CFU/g哈茨木霉可濕性粉劑20倍液浸種10min，晾干后

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DB43/T2378—2022

播種。具體使用方法見附錄B。

5.3土壤處理

5.3.1輪作倒茬

與非百合科類作物實行3年以上輪作倒茬。

5.3.2深翻曬田

前茬作物收獲后深翻土地30cm以上，曬田14～21d。

5.3.3土壤熏蒸

重病田使用化學(xué)熏蒸劑（如棉隆25kg/667m2）進(jìn)行土壤徹底消毒處理，蓋膜20d后揭膜放氣7d

再播種。

5.4健身栽培

5.4.1清潔田園

發(fā)病后及時清除病株、病葉及收獲后殘留的病體，集中處理銷毀。

5.4.2科學(xué)施肥

結(jié)合整地優(yōu)先施用生物有機(jī)菌肥，每667m2施生物有機(jī)菌肥50kg～70kg，45％復(fù)合肥（N-P-K

比例為15-15-15）50kg～75kg，鈣鎂磷肥15kg～20kg，均勻混合翻入土壤。生長期視情況追施有

益菌制劑。生物有機(jī)肥應(yīng)符合NY884的規(guī)定，肥料使用應(yīng)符合GB/T32741。

5.4.3害蟲和線蟲防治

做好地下害蟲及線蟲的防控。

5.5藥劑防治

優(yōu)先選擇生物農(nóng)藥，合理使用化學(xué)農(nóng)藥，推薦農(nóng)藥及使用方法見附錄B。

5.6采收貯存

種球采收、運(yùn)送過程中盡量減少鱗莖傷害。貯藏前需對種球和貯藏室用高錳酸鉀溶液進(jìn)行消毒處理，

根據(jù)產(chǎn)品推薦劑量和方法使用。

6生產(chǎn)檔案

6.1生產(chǎn)檔案

建立百合生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案，記載種植品種、生產(chǎn)投入品、肥水管理、病蟲害種類及危害程度，以及防

治方法和效果等主要生產(chǎn)管理技術(shù)內(nèi)容，檔案記錄應(yīng)符合附錄C的規(guī)定。

6.2檔案管理

檔案由專職人員進(jìn)行管理，隨時整理并逐年歸檔，保存期限不少于3年。

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附錄A

（資料性）

百合鱗莖腐爛病發(fā)生及危害特征

百合鱗莖腐爛病，又稱為基腐病、枯萎病，是百合生產(chǎn)上一種為害嚴(yán)重的土傳病害，其主要致病菌

為尖孢鐮刀菌(Fusariumoxysplorum)。尖孢鐮刀菌可危害百合植株各器官，但主要危害地下鱗莖。植

株受害后明顯矮化，葉片自下而上黃化、變紫后萎蔫干枯，葉柄縊縮呈線狀，將葉片懸掛在莖稈上。嚴(yán)

重時莖基部縊縮，葉片全部變黃枯萎，拔時莖稈易斷。地下鱗莖受害多從根尖變褐開始，直達(dá)鱗莖盤，

染病鱗莖常從鱗莖盤上脫落，嚴(yán)重時鱗莖腐爛，病株于開花前提早枯死。

圖A.1百合鱗莖腐爛病為害癥狀

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附錄B

（資料性）

百合鱗莖腐爛病防控農(nóng)藥名錄

防治時期農(nóng)藥名稱使用方法安全間隔期

將藥劑撒施后翻耕，澆水蓋膜熏蒸20d，

種植前98％棉隆微粒劑30d

揭膜敞氣7d

發(fā)病前或發(fā)病初期1000億PIB/g枯草芽孢桿菌稀釋1000倍噴霧—

60～70g/L浸種；5～6g/m2土壤澆灌

種植前或發(fā)病初期3億CFU/g哈茨木霉—

處理

300倍液浸種；1050～1400g/667m2灌

種植前、苗期或發(fā)病初期0.1億CFU/g多粘類芽胞桿菌—

根

播前或發(fā)病初期30％噁霉靈水劑稀釋1000～1500倍潑澆土壤7d

600～800倍液噴霧，7d施藥1次，連

發(fā)病初期0.5％氨基寡糖素—

施2～3次

100～120mL，7～10d噴灑1次，連續(xù)

發(fā)病初期1％申嗪霉素14d

2～3次

1000倍液，7～10d噴灑1次，連續(xù)3～

發(fā)病初期75％甲基硫菌靈可濕性粉劑21d

4次

1500倍液，7～10d噴灑1次，連續(xù)3～

發(fā)病前或發(fā)病初期50％苯菌靈可濕性粉劑21d

4次

900～1500倍液，7～10d噴灑1次，視

發(fā)病前或發(fā)病初期45％咪鮮胺水乳劑14d

發(fā)病情況連續(xù)3～4次

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附錄C

（規(guī)范性）

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表

生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表見表C.1和表C.2。

表C.1藥劑使用記載檔案

種植

面積（667m2）品種及來源

區(qū)域

害蟲施藥日期藥劑名稱及有效農(nóng)藥登生產(chǎn)施用方式

序號效果記載人

（病害）（月日）成分含量記號廠家及濃度

1

2

?

注1：根據(jù)農(nóng)藥使用順序逐項記載

注2：用量為每667m2用量，農(nóng)藥計量單位用毫升（ml）或克（g）

表C.2投入品登記檔案

種植區(qū)域面積（667m2）品種及來源

使用日期

序號品名劑型生產(chǎn)廠家用量記載人備注

（月日）

1

2

?

注1：根據(jù)投入品使用順序逐項記載

注2：用量為每667m2用量，農(nóng)藥計量單位用ml或g，化肥計量單位用kg

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目次

前言························································································································Ⅲ

1范圍·····················································································································1

2規(guī)范性引用文件······································································································1

3術(shù)語和定義············································································································1

4防控原則···············································································································1

5防治技術(shù)···············································································································1

5.1品種選擇·········································································································2

5.2種球處理·········································································································2

5.3土壤處理·········································································································2

5.4健身栽培·········································································································2

5.5藥劑防治·········································································································2

5.6采收貯存·······································································································2

6生產(chǎn)檔案···············································································································2

6.1生產(chǎn)檔案·········································································································2

6.2檔案管理·········································································································2

附錄A（資料性）百合鱗莖腐爛病發(fā)生及危害特征···························································3

附錄B（資料性）百合鱗莖腐爛病防控農(nóng)藥名錄······························································4

附錄C（規(guī)范性）生產(chǎn)技術(shù)檔案記載表··········································································5

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DB43/T