2024年專業(yè)英語四級(jí)試卷

專業(yè)英語四級(jí)-試卷658(總分：160.00，做題時(shí)間：90分鐘)一、DICTATION(總題數(shù)：2，分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00)1.PARTIDICTATIONDirections:Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：2.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

對(duì)的答案：(對(duì)的答案：Mother'sDayInBritain,Mother'sDayfallsonafewweeksbeforethefestivalofEaster./Butitisalwaysintheearlyspringtime/whennewplantsemerge,/andbabybirdsandanimalsareborn/IntheUSA,Mother'sDaytakesplaceinMay,/andmanyothercountriesalsocelebratetheirmothers/ondifferentdaysoftheyear./Itbeganmanyyearsago,/whenchildrenasyoungas10wouldliveandworkawayfromhome./MotheringSundaywasadaywheneveryonewasallowedtovisittheirmothers./)解析：二、LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：6，分?jǐn)?shù)：40.00)3.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：4.SECTIONATALKInthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】1amongaverageteachers【T1】2■Teachinggrammarisboring■Grammarcanbetaughtasa【T2】3【T2】4■Getstudents【T3】5rules【T3】6BettyAzar'sviewofgrammar■Thestartingpointand【T4】7【T4】8■Enablesstudentstoexperiencebetter【T5】9【T5】10Adviceforteachers■Toknowthedifferent【T6】11ofeachstudent【T6】12■Torealizestudents'【T7】13【T7】14Reasonsforsometeachers'【T8】15ofteachinggrammar【T8】16■Someteachersdon'tknowgrammarandmayfailto【T9】17【T9】18TIRF'sresearch■Teachgrammarwithcommunicationis【T10】19【T10】20CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】21amongaverageteachers【T1】22■Teachinggrammarisboring■Grammarcanbetaughtasa【T2】23【T2】24■Getstudents【T3】25rules【T3】26BettyAzar'sviewofgrammar■Thestartingpointand【T4】27【T4】28■Enablesstudentstoexperiencebetter【T5】29【T5】30Adviceforteachers■Toknowthedifferent【T6】31ofeachstudent【T6】32■Torealizestudents'【T7】33【T7】34Reasonsforsometeachers'【T8】35ofteachinggrammar【T8】36■Someteachersdon'tknowgrammarandmayfailto【T9】37【T9】38TIRF'sresearch■Teachgrammarwithcommunicationis【T10】39【T10】40（分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）(1).【T1】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：Misconception/Misunderstanding）解析：(2).【T2】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：subject）解析：(3).【T3】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：memorize/learn）解析：(4).【T4】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：thefoundation）解析：(5).【T5】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：communication）解析：(6).【T6】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：learningstyle）解析：(7).【T7】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：languagebackgrounds）解析：(8).【T8】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：hatred）解析：(9).【T9】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：answerstudents'questions）解析：(10).【T10】（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：對(duì)的答案：effective）解析：5.SECTIONBCONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillheartwoconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,fivequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.BoththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenONCEONLY.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeaten-secondpause.Duringthepause,youshouldreadthefourchoicesof[A],[B],[C]and[D],andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.Youhavethirtysecondstopreviewthequestions.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

A.Ithasnothingtodowiththeman'spresentation.

B.Itfocusesonyoungmenandmobilephones.

√

C.Itshowshowimportantmobilephonesaretotheold.

D.Itshows70%ofteenagersusetheirphonesonceaday.解析：

A.Makingphonecallstotheirfriends.

B.Sendingtextmessages.

√

C.Thegraphtheywoulddesign.

D.Losingpartoftheiridentity.解析：

A.Heisnotsureaboutit.

B.Hethinksit's7:30pmor8:00pm.

C.Hethinksit'sbetween10:30pmand11:00pm.

√

D.Hethinksit'sbetween7:30pmand11:00pm.解析：

A.Onthebelt.

√

B.Inthepocket.

C.Inthehandbag.

D.Intheschoolbag.解析：

A.Becauseshethinksvoicemailisabettertopic.

B.Becauseshethinksvideoisoutofdate.

C.Becauseshethinkstherearenotenoughvideousers.

D.Becausemanyphonesdoesn'thavethefunctionyet.

√解析：（分?jǐn)?shù)：10.00）

A.Howstudentscareabouttheinformationontheleaflet.

B.Whatkindoffoodthewomaneats.

C.Towhatextentpeoplecareaboutdietandnutrition.

√

D.Whetherthewomanhasdevelopedagoodeatinghabitornot.解析：

A.Shelikesburgersbest.

√

B.Shenevereatsspaghetti.

C.Shelikestoeatcauliflower.

D.Sheeatswhatisthoughthealthy.解析：

A.Sheistoobusytohavebreakfast.

B.Sheprefersabarofchocolatetobreakfast.

C.Shegetsuptoolate.

√

D.Thesmellofbreakfastputsheroff.解析：

A.Itcontainstoomanyeggs.

B.Itistoofatty.

√

C.ItisOKonaregularbasis.

D.Itisnutritious.解析：

A.Onceinawhile.

B.Onceinamoon.

C.Seldom.

√

D.Onceaday.解析：三、LANGUAGEKNOWLEDGE(總題數(shù)：21，分?jǐn)?shù)：42.00)6.PARTIIILANGUAGEKNOWLEDGETherearetwentysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencetherearefourwords,phrasesorstatementsmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Chooseoneword,phraseorstatementthatbestcompletesthesentence.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：7.Hewasfoundtherightmanforthejob.Theitalicizedpartfunctionsasa(n)_____inthesentence.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.subjectcomplement

√

B.object

C.adverbial

D.objectcomplement解析：解析：考察主語補(bǔ)足語。本句為被動(dòng)句，判斷本題therightman作什么成分時(shí)，可將之還原為積極句…foundhimtherightmanforthejob，him跟therightman之間存在主謂關(guān)系，因此判斷therightman是him的補(bǔ)語，而在原句中，he為主語，故therightman為主語補(bǔ)足語，選A。8.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword(復(fù)合詞)?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Competitor.

B.Dislike.

C.Non-stop.

D.Startup.

√解析：解析：考察復(fù)合詞的概念。由兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一種新詞的現(xiàn)象，叫復(fù)合詞，又稱合成詞(詞與詞之間可以有連字符)。D項(xiàng)startup“新興企業(yè)”由start和up兩個(gè)詞合成，因此選D。9.Whichofthefollowingsentencesisanimperativeone?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Whereisthebookshelf?

B.Yougoandfetchsomewaterforme.

√

C.Whataremarkablecoincidence!

D.Lucywaspretendingtobeill,whenhermothercamein.解析：解析：考察祈使句。祈使句一般省略主語，或帶主語you，表達(dá)祈求、命令等，符合此規(guī)定的是B。A是疑問句；C是感慨句：D陳說句。10.Thefollowingdeterminers(限定詞)canbeusedwithbothuncountableandpluralnounsEXCEPT_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.some

B.sufficient

C.less

√

D.such解析：解析：考察限定詞與名詞的搭配。C項(xiàng)less是little的比較級(jí)，只可接不可數(shù)名詞，不能接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，故選C。其他選項(xiàng)some，sufficient，such既可接復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。11.WhichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesSPECULATION?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Wemustfinishourhomeworkbefore10:00.

B.Youmustn'tsmokehere.

C.Tommustbein,forthelightsareon.

√

D.Wemustgetsomeonetofixthatwheel.解析：解析：考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must的使用方法。A“我們必須10點(diǎn)前完畢作業(yè)”，must表達(dá)“義務(wù)”。B“你不許在此吸煙”，must表“法規(guī)嚴(yán)禁”。C“湯姆一定在家，由于燈亮著”，must表推測(cè)。D“我們必須找人修輪子”，must表“提議”。12.Whichoftheitalicizedpartsservesasanobject?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Ihavenointentionofretiringjustyet.

B.Heofferedwhathehadtothecharitableorganization.

√

C.ShemusthavereceivedtheparcelthatIsentyesterday.

D.Itisstronglyadvisedthatyougohomenow.解析：解析：考察賓語。B項(xiàng)的whathehad是offered的賓語，故選B。A項(xiàng)的ofretiring作同位語，解釋闡明in-tention；C項(xiàng)的thatIsent為定語從句，修飾parcel；D項(xiàng)的it為形式主語，thatyougohomenow為真正主語。13.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Tendollarsisnotalargesumofmoney.

B.Statisticsareabranchofmathematics.

√

C.Allthesheepweregrazingonthehillside.

D.Measlesisaninfectiousdisease.解析：解析：考察主謂一致。Statistics作“記錄學(xué)”講時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，因此B項(xiàng)在語法上錯(cuò)誤。A項(xiàng)Tendollars看作整體，因此用單數(shù)；sheep“綿羊”雖然不以s結(jié)尾，卻可以表達(dá)復(fù)數(shù)意義；Measles是不可數(shù)名詞，因此也用單數(shù)。14.Whichofthefollowingisadisjunctivequestion?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Whatcolouristhenewcarpet?

B.Willwegoouttothecinemaorstayathome?

C.Heseldompaysmoreattentiontohispronunciation,doeshe?

√

D.WillJouseherwinningsasspendingmoneyonherholiday?解析：解析：考察反義疑問句。反義疑問句由兩部分構(gòu)成：前一部分是一種陳說句，後一部分是一種簡短的疑問句，C項(xiàng)符合規(guī)定。A項(xiàng)為特殊疑問句；B項(xiàng)為選擇疑問句；D項(xiàng)為一般疑問句。15.Whichofthefollowingsentencesexpressesapossibility?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Anypoliceofficercaninsistonseeingadriver'slicense.

B.Youcan'texpecttheworldtochangeovernight.

C.Iamconfidentthatasolutioncanbefound.

√

D.GabriellacanspeakFrenchfluently.解析：解析：考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的使用方法。A“任何警察均有權(quán)堅(jiān)持看司機(jī)的駕照”，can表達(dá)“有權(quán)做某事”；B“你不能期望全世界一夜全變化”，can't表達(dá)“不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事”；C“我很確信能找到一種處理方案”，can表達(dá)“也許性”。D“Gabriella可以流利地講英語”，can表達(dá)一種能力。因此選C。16.Whichofthefollowingcanbeusedasastativeverb(靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞)?

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Build

B.Knock.

C.Stay.

√

D.Resist.解析：解析：考察靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞。積極詞按詞匯意義可分為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞(DynamicVerb)和靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞(StativeVerb)。動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)運(yùn)動(dòng)狀態(tài)，靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)相對(duì)靜止的狀態(tài)。Stay表達(dá)“保持”時(shí)，為一種靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)，故選C。Build“建造”，Knock“敲”，Resist“抵制”均為動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞。17.Whenshefacedherenemy,herface_____afierceexpression.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.tookoff

B.tookaway

C.tookon

√

D.tookout解析：解析：考察動(dòng)詞短語辨析。takeon表達(dá)“展現(xiàn)”，代入空格句意通順；takeoff意為“脫下；起飛”；takeaway表達(dá)“帶走”；takeout“帶……出去”；這三項(xiàng)代入空格，均句意不通。18.Hewaskeptinappallingconditionsinprison.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.awesome

B.awful

√

C.startling

D.stunning解析：解析：考察形容詞辨析。appalling除表達(dá)“駭人的”之外，還表達(dá)“很糟糕的”，awful“很差的”符合規(guī)定。startling和stunning均強(qiáng)調(diào)“驚人的”，不如awful合適。19.Farmershave_____thegovernmentforhelp.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.appealedwith

B.appealedto

√

C.appealedfor

D.appealedagainst解析：解析：考察動(dòng)詞詞組辨析與搭配。appeal常用作appealedtosb．forhelp，表達(dá)“向……懇求協(xié)助”，B項(xiàng)符合該使用方法。appeal不跟with搭配，故排除A；appealedfor後常接sth．，表達(dá)懇求得到的東西。appealagainst表達(dá)“提出上訴反對(duì)……”，用于此，句意不通。20.Leavingthecourt,thefamiliesalltriedtoputonabraveface.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.besupportive

B.showtheirfaces

C.bebrave

D.notshowtheirsadnessorworry

√解析：解析：考察固定短語搭配。putonabraveface看字面意思，可理解為“戴上一副勇敢的面孔”，意即“掩飾內(nèi)心的悲傷和擔(dān)憂”，故選D。C項(xiàng)bebrave是強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)，但“堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”和“假裝堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”意思有差異，不能等同。21.Themovie_____heralmostovernightfromanunknownschoolgirlintoamegastar.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.transferred

B.transformed

√

C.transmitted

D.transplanted解析：解析：考察動(dòng)詞辨析。空格後的fromanunknown．．．intoamegastar“從一種不著名的校園小女孩變?yōu)橛耙暰扌恰笔且环N狀態(tài)的變化，transform“使……轉(zhuǎn)變”帶入空格，符合語境，故選B。A.transfer強(qiáng)調(diào)“地點(diǎn)的轉(zhuǎn)移：局勢(shì)的變化”，用于此不合適；C．transmit“發(fā)射；傳染”；D．transplant“移植”。22.Womenwithafinancebackgroundareatadistinctadvantageovermenwhenapplyingforboardroles.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.small

B.bright

C.unquestionable

√

D.little解析：解析：考察形容詞詞義辨析。distinct在修飾advantage時(shí)，指的是“絕對(duì)的；無可爭議的”，unquestionable表達(dá)“無可爭議的”，故選C。其他三項(xiàng)均不符合邏輯。23.Ididn'twanttomakemischiefbetweenthem.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.makejokesofthem

B.causequarrelsbetweenthem

√

C.makethemsad

D.doharmtothem解析：解析：考察固定短語辨析。短語makemischiefbetweensb．的意思是“(在某兩個(gè)人之間)挑撥離間”。B項(xiàng)的解釋符合句意，故選B。24.An_____islikeacircle,butwiderinonedirectionthantheother.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.square

B.oval

√

C.triangle

D.oblong解析：解析：考察名詞詞義辨析。square“正方形”；oval“橢圓”；triangle“三角形”；oblong“長方形”。根據(jù)空格後的“像圓，但在一種方向比另一種方向?qū)挕?，可知B對(duì)的。25.Itisimportanttomaintainaconstanttemperatureinsidethegreenhouse.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.prevent

B.regain

C.retain

√

D.repel解析：解析：考察動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。maintain在此處的意思為“保持”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，意思與之一致的是retain“保持，保留”。A.prevent“制止”；B．regain“恢復(fù)”；D．repel“擊退”。26.Thesesweaterslookalike,buttheircolorsaresubtlydifferent.Theunderlinedpartmeans_____.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.sensitively

B.sophisticatedly

C.complicatedly

D.slightly

√解析：解析：考察副詞詞義辨析。由前面的lookalike，可推測(cè)其顏色的區(qū)別會(huì)很小。subtly在此意為“細(xì)微地”，slightly“輕微地”與之意思一致，故選D。Asensitively“敏感地”；B．sophisticatedly“老練地”；C．complicatedly“復(fù)雜地”。四、CLOZE(總題數(shù)：2，分?jǐn)?shù)：40.00)27.PARTIVCLOZEDecidewhichofthewordsgivenintheboxbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.ThewordscanbeusedONCEONLY.（分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：AlossB.steepC.bycontrastD.undergoE.yetF.analogousG.likelihoodH.doI.sufferJ.acuteK.declineL.alreadyM.conquerN.overcomeO.vulnerableAttheageoftwelve,thehumanbodyisatitsmostvigorous.Ithas1toreachitsfullsizeandstrength,anditsownerhisorherfullintelligence:butatthisagethe2ofdeathisleast.Earlier,wewereinfantsandyoungchildren,andconsequentlymore3:later,weshall4aprogressivelossofourvigourandresistancewhich,thoughimperceptibleatfirst,willfinallybecomeso5thatwecanlivenolonger,howeverwellwelookafterourselves,andhoweverwellsociety,andourdoctors,lookafterus.This6invigourwiththepassingoftimeiscalledageing.Mostanimalswecommonlyobserveinfactageaswe7,ifgiventhechancetolivelongenough:andmechanicalsystemslikeawoundwatch,orthesun,willrunoutofenergysomeday.Butthesearenot8towhathappenswhenmanages.Arun-downwatchisstillawatchandcanberewound.Anoldwatch,9,becomessowornandunreliablethatiteventuallyisnotworthmending.Butawatchcouldneverrepairitself—itdoesnotconsistoflivingparts,onlyofmetal,whichwearsawaybyfriction.Wecould,atonetime,repairourselves—wellenough,atleast,to10allbutthemostinstantlyfatalillnessesandaccidents.Betweentwelveandeightywegraduallylosethispower:anillnesswhichattwelvewouldknockusover,ateightycanknockusout.

（分?jǐn)?shù)：20.00）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：E）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：G）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：O）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：D）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：B）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：K）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：H）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：F）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：C）填空項(xiàng)1:__________________

（對(duì)的答案：N）解析：解析：Wecould．．．repairourselves．．．to．．．空格後應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，表目的。人體自行修復(fù)的目的是戰(zhàn)勝疾病和事故，因而填入overcome“戰(zhàn)勝，克服”。conquer重要指通過武力“征服”。五、READINGCOMPREHENSION(總題數(shù)：11，分?jǐn)?shù)：30.00)29.PARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：30.SECTIONAInthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbytenmultiple-choicequestions.Foreachquestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.__________________________________________________________________________________________解析：(1)FromachildIwasfondofreading,andallthelittlemoneythatcameintomyhandswaseverlaidoutinbooks.PleasedwiththePilgrim'sProgress,myfirstcollectionwasofJohnBunyan'sworks,inseparatelittlevolumes.IafterwardssoldthemtoenablemetobuyR.Burton'sHistoricalCollection:theyweresmallchapmen'sbooksandcheap,40or50inall.Myfather'slittlelibraryconsistedchieflyofbooksinpolemicdivinity,mostofwhichIread,andhavesinceoftenregrettedthat,atatimewhenIhadsuchathirstforknowledge,moreproperbookshadnotfalleninmyway,sinceitwasnowresolvedIshouldnotbeaclergyman.Plutarch'sLivestherewas,inwhichIreadabundantly,andIstillthinkthattimespenttogreatadvantage.TherewasalsoabookofDefoe's,calledAnEssayonProjects,andanotherofDr.Mather'scalledEssaystoDoGoodwhichperhapsgavemeaturnofthinkingthathadaninfluenceonsomeoftheprincipalfutureeventsofmylife.(2)Thisbookishinclinationatlengthdeterminedmyfathertomakemeaprinter,thoughhehadalreadyoneson(James)ofthatprofession.In1717mybrotherJamesreturnedfromEnglandwithapressandletterstosetuphisbusinessinBoston.Ilikeditmuchbetterthanthatofmyfather,butstillhaveahankeringforthesea.Topreventtheapprehendedeffectofsuchaninclination,myfatherwasimpatienttohavemeboundtomybrother.Istoodoutsometimebutatlastwaspersuaded,andsignedtheindentures,whenIwasyetbut12yearsold...IwastoserveasanapprenticetillIwas21yearsofage,onlyIwastobeallowedjourneyman'swagesduringthelastyear.InalittletimeImadegreatproficiencyinthebusiness,andbecameausefulhandtomybrother.Inowhadaccesstobetterbooks.Anacquaintancewiththeapprenticeofbooksellers,enabledmesometimestoborrowasmallone,whichIwascarefultoreturnsoonandclean.OftenIsatupinmyroomreadingthegreatestpartofthenight,whenthebookwasborrowedintheeveningandtobereturnedearlyinthemorning,lestitshouldbemissedorwanted.AndaftersometimeaningenioustradesmanMr.MatthewAdamswhohadaprettycollectionofbooks,andwhofrequentedourprintinghousetooknoticeofme,invitedmetohislibrary,andverykindlylentmesuchbooksasIchoosetoread.（分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00）(1).WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTcontributetotheauthor'schangeofthought?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Pilgrim'sProgress.

√

B.Plutarch'sLives.

C.AnEssayonProjects.

D.EssaystoDoGood.解析：解析：根據(jù)題干中的changeofthought定位到第1段。作者在文中提到，他讀了諸多遍Plutarch's．Lives；笛福的AnEssayonProjects和Dr．Mather的EssaystoDoGood對(duì)他思想的變化影響很大，故可排除B、C、D，選A。解答本題需要注意文中與選項(xiàng)所提及的四本書內(nèi)容有關(guān)的文字。這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)作者在第1段均有提到，不過A只是作者喜歡的一本書，作者并未指出這本書對(duì)他的影響。較具于擾性的是B，對(duì)于這本書，作者閱讀得最多，認(rèn)為花費(fèi)的時(shí)間是值得的，據(jù)此判斷該書也對(duì)作者產(chǎn)生了重要的影響，因此排除B。(2).InPara.2,"stoodout"means_____.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.confessed

B.agreed

C.refused

√

D.thoughtout解析：解析：根據(jù)題干直接定位到第2段。該詞前面的句子中講述了父親急切地要將作者送到哥哥身邊。之後又說作者最終被勸服了。故選C。解答此類題目需注意，由于文章前後存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系，因此在題目規(guī)定解析的詞前後，一般可以找到對(duì)該詞的解釋或有關(guān)信息。(1)In1967,inresponsetowidespreadpublicconcernarousedbymedicalreportsofasbestosrelateddeath,theNationalMedicalResearchCouncil(NMRC)organizedacommitteeofenquirytoinvestigatethehealththreatsassociatedwiththeuseofasbestosinthebuildingindustry.Afterexaminingevidencesprovidedbymedicalresearchersandbuildingworkersandmanagement,theCouncilpublishedareportwhichincludedadvicesfordealingwithasbestos.ThereportconfirmedthefindingsofsimilarresearchintheUnitedStatesandCanadaExposuretorelativelysmallquantitiesofasbestosfibers,theyconcluded,wasdirectlyresponsibleforthedevelopmentofcancers,asbestosis(石棉從容病)andrelateddiseases.Takingintoaccountevidenceprovidedbyeconomistsandbuildingindustrymanagement,however,thereportassumedthatdespitetheavailabilityofothermaterials,asbestoswouldcontinuetoplayamajorroleintheBritishbuildingindustryformanyyearstocomebecauseofitsavailabilityandlowcost.(2)Asaresult,theCouncilgaveaseriesofrecommendationswhichwereintendedtoreducetheriskstothosewhomightbeexposedtoasbestosinworkingenvironments.Theysuggestedthat,wherepossible,asbestos-freematerialsshouldbeemployed.Incaseswhereasbestoswasemployed,itwasrecommendedthatitshouldbeusedinsuchawaythatloosefiberswerelesslikelytoentertheair.Thereportadvisedthatspecialcareshouldbetakenduringworkinenvironmentswhichcontainasbestos.Workersshouldwearprotectiveequipmentandtakespecialcaretoremovedustfromtheenvironmentandclothingwiththeuseofvacuumcleaner.(3)Thereportidentifiedfivefactorswhichdeterminethelevelofriskinvolved.Thestateandtypeofasbestosiscriticaltodeterminingtheriskfactors.Inaddition,dustformationwasfoundtobelimitedwhereasbestoswasusedwhenwetratherthandry.(4)Thechoiceoftoolswasalsofoundtoaffectthequantitiesofasbestosparticlesthatentertheair.Machinetoolsproducegreaterquantitiesofdustthanhandtoolsand,wherepossible,theuseofthelatterwaspreferred.(5)Acriticalfactorwhichtakesplaceinriskreductionistheadequateventilationoftheworkingenvironment.Whenworktakesplaceinanenclosedspace,moreasbestosparticlescirculateandsonaturalormachineventilationshouldbeused.Bycloselyfollowingtheseadvices,itwasclaimedthatexposurecanbereducedtoareasonablypracticalminimum.（分?jǐn)?shù)：4.00）(1).Accordingtothepassage,exposuretoasbestosfiberscancausecancer_____.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.onlywhenasbestosisusedinbuildingindustry

B.onlywhenitisusedinlargequantities

C.evenifitisusedinsmallquantities

√

D.iftheyareusedwhenwetratherthandry解析：解析：根據(jù)題干中的exposuretoasbestosfibers定位到第1段倒數(shù)第2句。由該句可知，匯報(bào)認(rèn)為，接觸很少許的石棉纖維就足以引起癌癥、石棉從容病等。由此可見，本題選C。A、B均無原文根據(jù)且都使用了絕對(duì)化的限定詞only，過于絕對(duì)的選項(xiàng)一般不是答案，故可排除。D是減少灰塵形成的措施，不符題意，也排除。(2).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTthesuggestionputforwardbytheNMRC?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Specialcareshouldbetakenwhenatwork.

B.Itisbetterforpeopletouseasbestos-freematerials.

C.Thequantitiesofasbestosshouldbereduced.

D.Asbestosshouldcontinuetofunctionforyears.

√解析：解析：第1段末句指出，未來石棉仍會(huì)在英國建筑業(yè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。這句話雖出自國家醫(yī)療研究理事會(huì)，但原文assumed一詞表明這只是他們的一種論斷，并不是他們提出的提議，D是本題答案。根據(jù)第2段可知，A、B都是NMRC提出的提議，均可排除。最終三段都是有關(guān)怎樣減少石棉顆粒，屬于NMRC的提議，故可排除C。解答本題時(shí)考生要抓住題干的關(guān)鍵詞suggestion，在理解全文大意的前提下，通過瀏覽選項(xiàng)很快便能得出對(duì)的答案。(1)TeachersintheUnitedStatesearnlessrelativetonationalincomethantheircounterpartsinmanyindustrializedcountries,yettheyspendfarmorehoursinfrontoftheclassroom,accordingtoamajornewinternationalstudy.(2)ThesalarydifferentialsarepartofapatternofrelativelylowpublicinvestmentineducationintheUnitedStatescomparedwithothermembernationsoftheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment(OECD),agroupinParisthatcompiledthereport.TotalgovernmentspendingoneducationalinstitutionsintheUnitedStatesslippedto4.8percentofgrossdomesticproductionin1998,fallingundertheinternationalaverage5percent-forthefirsttime.(3)"Thewholeeconomyhasgrownfasterthantheeducationsystems,"AndreasSchleicher,oneofthereport'sauthorsexplained."Theeconomyhasdoneverywell,butteachershavenotfullybenefited."(4)Thereport,dueouttoday,isthesixthoneducationpublishedsince1991bytheorganizationof30nations,foundedin1960,andnowcoveringmuchofEurope,NorthAmerica,Japan,SouthKorea,AustraliaandNewZealand.(5)Inadditiontotheteacherpaygap,thereportshowstheothercountrieshavebeguntocatchupwiththeUnitedStatesinhighereducation:collegeenrollmenthasgrownby20percentsince1995acrossthegroup,withoneinfouryoungpeoplenowearningdegrees.Forthefirsttime,theUnitedStatescollegegraduationrate,nowat33percent,isnottheworldhighest.Finland,theNetherlands,NewZealandandBritainhavesurpassedit.(6)TheUnitedStatesisalsoproducingfewermathematicsandsciencegraduatesthanmostoftheothermemberstates.And,thereportsays,acollegedegreeproducesagreaterboostinincomeherewhilethelackofahighschooldiplomaimposesabiggerincomepenalty.(7)"Thenumberofgraduatesisincreasing,butthatstimulatesevenmoreofademand—thereisnoendinsight,"Mr.Schleichersaid,"Thedemandforskill,clearly,isgrowingfasterthanthesupplythatiscomingfromschoolsandcolleges."(8)ThereportliststhesalaryforahighschoolteacherintheUnitedStateswith15yearsexperiencesas$36,219,abovetheinternationalaverageof$31,887butbehindsevenothercountriesandlessthan60percentofSwitzerland's$62,052.BecauseteachersintheUnitedStateshaveaheavierclassroomload,teachingalmostathirdmorehoursthantheircounterpartsabroad,theirsalaryperhourofactualteaching,$35,islessthantheinternationalaverageof$41(Denmark,SpainandGermanypaymorethan$50perteachinghour,SouthKorea$77).（分?jǐn)?shù)：6.00）(1).WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECTaccordingtothepassage?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.PeopleearningdegreesintheOECDmembernationsareincreasingquickly.

B.CollegegraduationrateintheUnitedKingdomhasbeenincreasedto33%.

√

C.TheOECDhaspublishedsixeducationreportseversincetheyearof1991.

D.ThesalariesoftheU.S.teachersislessthanhalfofthoseinSouthKorea解析：解析：從第5段最終一句可知，英國高校的畢業(yè)率超過了美國的33％，故B(英國高校的畢業(yè)率已增長到33％)與原文不符，即為答案。根據(jù)第5段第1句可知，OECD其他組員國的大學(xué)入學(xué)率大幅提高，可排除A；根據(jù)第4段的內(nèi)容可知，C的表述與原文一致，也排除；根據(jù)最終一段可知，美國教師實(shí)際的課酬只有每小時(shí)35美元，而韓國則到達(dá)77美元，D的表述也對(duì)的，也可排除。(2).WhichofthefollowingfiguresaboutU.S.isabovetheinternationalaverage?（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.Highschoolteachers'incomeperhour.

B.Governmentinvestmentoneducation.

C.Highschoolteachers'annualincome.

√

D.Highschoolgraduationrate.解析：解析：根據(jù)題干和各選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容定位到最終一段。該段提到，一種有教齡的美國高中教師的薪水為36219美元，高于國際平均水平的31887美元。由此可見，C為對(duì)的答案。該段還指出，美國教師每小時(shí)的課酬為35美元，低于世界平均的41美元，故排除A；第2段中提到，美國教育方面的政府投人的比重下降為4．8％、低于世界平均的5％，故排除B；D未提及，故排除。(3).Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe_____.（分?jǐn)?shù)：2.00）

A.EducationalProblemsCausedbyEconomy

B.EducationStudyFindsU.S.FallingBehind

√

C.HigherDropoutRatesintheU.S.today

D.ADistinctContrastBetweenU.S.andAbroad解析：解析：本文從美國教師待遇不高入手，通過一份OECD匯報(bào)指出美國的教育發(fā)展正呈下降趨勢(shì)：教育投入比重、教師課酬等低于世界平均水平；其他許多國家不停趕超美國。種種跡象表明，美國教育正在逐漸落後。由此可見，B為本題答案。文中雖有經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展教育相對(duì)滯後的論述，但這并不是本文討論的重點(diǎn)，故A可排除；全文沒有中途輟學(xué)的表述，故C也可排除。D最具干擾性，由于文中有諸多美國和其他國家數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比的論述，但全文以O(shè)ECD的匯報(bào)為線索，著重指出的是美國教育出現(xiàn)的問題，和其他國家的對(duì)比也是為了突出這個(gè)論點(diǎn)，故D也應(yīng)排除。(1)Ourknowledgeoftheoceanshundredsofyearsagowasconfinedtothetwo-dimensionalshapeoftheseasurfaceandthehazardsofnavigationpresentedbytheirregularitiesindepthoftheshallowwaterclosetotheland.Theopenseawasdeepandmysterious,andanyonewhogavemorethanapassingthoughttothebottomconfinesoftheoceansprobablyassumedthattheseabedwasflat.SirJamesClarkRosshadobtainedasoundingofover2,400fathomsin1839,butitwasnotuntil1869,whenH.M.S.PorcupinewasputatthedisposaloftheRoyalSocietyforseveralcruises,thataseriesofdeepsoundingswasobtainedintheAtlanticandthefirstsampleswerecollectedbydredging(挖掘)thebottom.ShortlyafterthisthefamousH.M.S.Challengerexpeditionestablishedthestudyofthesea-floorasasubjectworthyofthemostqualifiedphysicistsandgeologists.AburstofactivityassociatedwiththelayingofsubmarinecablessoonconfirmedtheChallenger'sobservationthatmanypartsoftheoceanweretwotothreemilesdeep,andtheexistenceofunderwaterfeaturesofconsiderablemagnitude.(2)Today,enoughsoundingsareavailabletoenableareliefmapoftheAtlantictobedrawnandweknowsomethingofthegreatvarietyoftheseabed'stopography(地形).Sincetheseacoversthegreaterpartoftheearth'ssurface,itisquitereasonabletoregardtheseafloorasthebasicformofthecrustoftheearth,with,superimposedupon,itthecontinents,togetherwiththeislandsandotherfeatu