必修一 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 語法知識(shí)+讀后續(xù)寫-筑基講義（原卷版）

Part1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累-六招高分開頭技巧Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時(shí)檢測(cè)必修1Unit4NaturalDisastersPart1單元語法講義--關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的限制性定語從句1.that可指人或物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語，表語。指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句；不行置于介詞后作賓語。2.which指物；在定語從句中作主語，賓語。如：Thebookwhich/thatwasonthedeskwasboughtbymyfather.（主語）3.who,whom,whose（1）who:主格,在從句中作主語，只可指人（2）whom:賓格，在從句中只能作賓語;只可指人（3）whose:表所屬關(guān)系，在從句中作定語。譯為：某人的，某物的（4）whose+名詞=the+n.+ofwhich(某物的)=he+n.+ofwhom(某人的)留意：①關(guān)系代詞作介詞賓語(在定語從句中，介詞提前時(shí)，介詞后：表人用whom；表物用which)②關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作介詞賓語時(shí),介詞可放于從句之首,也可放于從句之末.但以放于句首較為正式.（介詞前置，必需留意不影響動(dòng)詞詞組的含義。關(guān)系代詞who和that用作介詞賓語時(shí),介詞必需放在句末。）Thereare30studentsinthisclass,whoarefromthenorthofChina.這個(gè)班里有30名同學(xué)，他們來自中國(guó)北方。Doyouknowtheboywhosehandwritingisverybeautiful?你生疏那個(gè)書法格外秀麗的男孩嗎？I'dlikearoomwhosewindowlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,thewindowofwhichlooksoutoverthesea.→I'dlikearoom,ofwhichthewindowlooksoutoverthesea.我想要一個(gè)窗戶朝向大海的房間。Asa：as作為關(guān)系代詞，經(jīng)常用于固定句型中。thesame...as,as,such....as,so....asTheycouldonlyreadsuchstoriesashadbeenrewritteninsimpleEnglish.(as作主語)他們只能讀類似這樣的一些用簡(jiǎn)易英語改寫的故事。Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowpriceaspeopleexpected.(as作賓語)這些房子以人們期望的低價(jià)出售。ThisisthesameknifeasIlost.(as作賓語)這把小刀和我丟的那把很相像。b：such...as...與such...that...的區(qū)分such...as...中的as引導(dǎo)的是定語從句，而such...that...中的that引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句。當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，as在從句中一般作主語或賓語，而that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時(shí)，that在從句中不作任何成分。Thisissuchadifficultproblemasmostofuscan'tworkout.這是一個(gè)我們大多數(shù)人都不能解決的難題。(從句中的workout缺少賓語，前面的as是關(guān)系代詞，用作workout的賓語。)Sheissuchakindgirlthatmanystudentslikeher.她是個(gè)和善的女孩所以很多同學(xué)寵愛她。(狀語從句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引導(dǎo)從句的作用，在從句中不作成分。)Part2讀后續(xù)寫素材積累--六招高分開頭技巧第一招：副詞開頭Carefully,

hesteppedoverallthebrokenglass.他當(dāng)心翼翼地踩過了全部的碎玻璃。Joyfully

，heskippedupthestreet.他很興奮地跳過了街道。

Immediately,anabsolutedarknessruledtheforest.

馬上，一片黑暗掩蓋著森林。其次招：形容詞短語開頭Curioustoknowwhatwasinside,

hetiptoedintothedarkcave.他古怪???地想知道里面是什么，踮著腳尖走進(jìn)了黑暗的地窖。Unabletosayaword,

hewasrootedtothespot.一句話也說不出來，他就楞在了原地。Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

突然，一只小兔子跳到了我的馬前。

AfraidthatImighthurtthelovelysmallcreature,

Iautomaticallyletoutacrytostopmyhorse.

我可怕我會(huì)損害這個(gè)可愛的小生物，我自動(dòng)發(fā)出一聲喊叫來阻擋我的馬。文章給的提示句是：Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.我們不知道自己在哪里，天變黑了。

Exhaustedandhungry,

Iwonderedifwecouldfindourwayback.

我又累又餓，想知道我們能不能找到回去的路。第三招：

非謂語開頭Looking

aroundhimcautiously,heslippedintotheroomandsoftlyclosedthedoor.他當(dāng)心翼翼地環(huán)顧四周，溜進(jìn)了房間，輕輕地關(guān)上門。

Feelingdisappointed,

Jane

hadtostayaloneforanothernight.

簡(jiǎn)感到絕望，不得不再呆一夜。Feelingrefreshed,

shecontinuedtowalkalongthe

stream

tofindthewayout.她感到神清氣爽，連續(xù)沿著小溪閑逛?????，查找出去的路。第四招：對(duì)話或獨(dú)白開頭：“Let’sseewhogetstherefirst!”

Rachelshouted,asshepedaledfastandzoomedpastJenny.“讓我們看看誰先到那里去！”瑞秋一邊叫著，一邊飛速地蹬著車從珍妮身邊沖過去。"Getintothe

car."

PaulshoutedatMac.

“上車！”

保羅對(duì)麥克喊道。第五招：背景描寫Wedrovethroughseveralstatesandsawlotsofgreatsightsalongtheway（我們開車穿過了幾個(gè)州，沿途看到了很多好風(fēng)景。）Ilookedoutofthecarwindow,windingrivers,loftymountains,sunnybeachesanddeepvalleys,

holdingmeentirelyintheirfascination.

我望著車窗外，曲折的河流，高聳的山脈，陽光明媚的海灘和深邃的山谷，完全吸引了我的留意力。第六招：行為描寫Furry

startedwagginghistailandrunningaroundincircles

whenhesawhismastertakingaleashoutfromthedrawer.Furrywasallreadyforhiseveningwalk.當(dāng)他看到他的仆人從抽屜里拿出一條皮帶時(shí)，F(xiàn)urry開頭搖，圍著圈跑。Furry預(yù)備好了晚上的閑逛?????。

Dad

exchangedaglancewithme.Whynotcamptosatisfy

Mom?

爸爸和我相互看了一眼。

為什么不露營(yíng)來滿足媽媽？Part3單元語法+讀后續(xù)寫即時(shí)檢測(cè)定語從句1.（2024浙江1月卷）Ofcourse,shopsarenotcharities

—theypricegoodsintheway_________willmakethemthemostmoney.2.（2023全國(guó)乙卷）Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplacewelcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitecturalwondersstandingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.3.（2021新高考II卷）IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I'dsenditanemailurgingittocutback._________4.（2021北京卷）Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything___________happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.5.（2021浙江1月卷）BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool___________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.6.（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies___________livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.7.（2020新高考卷）The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum__________openedin1759.8.（2019全國(guó)II卷）NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,___________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.9.（2023全國(guó)甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,_________RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.10.（2022浙江1月卷）KimCobb,aprofessorattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologyinAtlanta,isoneofasmallbutgrowingminorityofacademics___________arecuttingbackontheirairtravel11.（2022全國(guó)甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,___________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.12.（2023全國(guó)乙卷）Thecolorshechosecameinaboxwhichhadapictureofawoman________haircolorlookedjustperfect.13.（2020全國(guó)III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist,__________paintingswerealmostlifelike.Theartist’sreputationhadmadehimproud.14.（2020天津卷）Dr.Rowan,__________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping.15.（2023全國(guó)甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,_________alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.16．(2022天津3月卷)Kennystillrememberstheclassdiscussion________theteacheraskedstudentstosharewhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.A．why B．which C．that D．where17.（2021天津卷）AttheChineseartfestival,therearedifferentstands_________artistsdemonstratetheirskillsandteachthevisitors.18.（2020全國(guó)I卷）Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot__________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.19.（2020江蘇卷）Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you’llfindprobablyasolutionthat___________everyone.20.（2021天津卷）WilliamHastieoncesuggestedthathistoryinformsusofpastmistakesfrom__________wecanlearnwithoutrepeatingthem._________21.（2020江蘇卷）Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___________studentscanchooseforfree.二、讀后續(xù)寫（2024·山西·模擬猜測(cè)）閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Asaneducator,IhavediscoveredthatthelifelessonsthatstudentsbringwiththemtoschoolaretheonesthatItrulyneedtolearn.Onestorythatdescribesthisawesomeresponsibilitystartswithasecondyearcollegestudent.Everyday,hewouldcomeintomymathclass,sitintheverybackandavoideyecontact.WhenIwouldasktheclassquestions,Icouldhearadeepvoicecomingfromhisdirectionsayingthecorrectanswereverysingletime.Iimmediatelybegantoinvestigateandfoundthathehadhighstandardizedtestscoresbuthisreportcardinschooldidnotmatchhisperformances.Iknewsomethinghadtochange.Throughourschoolmentoring(輔導(dǎo)制)program,Iaskedhimifhewouldliketobeapartofasupportteamthatwasspecificallydesignedtohelphimgraduateontimewithhisclassmates.Thisprogramrequiredmetovisitallofhisclassroomteachers,helphimcompleteeveryassignment,providehimwithmaterialstofinishprojects,andconstantlyremindhimthatsuccesscouldbeachievedifhestayedonthispath.Inhissenior,hewasabletomaketheHonorRoll(光榮榜).Thisstudenthadbeenlivingwithhisgreat-grandfatherinsteadoflivingwithhismotherandsixsiblings(姊妹).Theconceptoffamilyhadnotbeendemonstratedinhislife.However,atschool,thisprogramprovidedhimwithateamthatfocusedonhisacademicneedsaswellascelebratedhissuccesses.Theideaoffamily,wherehewascaredforandwasseenasimportant,wasabletobecomeareality.Unfortunately,duringhissenioryear,hisgreat-grandfatherpassedaway,whichterriblyinfluencedhisnewlypositiveviewoflife.Butbecauseofthebondthatwasestablishedoverthepasttwoyearsthroughtheprogram,Iwasabletokeephimfocusedonwhathecouldcontroltoachievehisgoal.Heshoweddeterminationandperseverance,andhebecameaseniorwithhisoriginalclassandhadtheopportunitytograduatewithhisfriends.留意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Sadly,whengraduationdayapproached,herefusedtoattendtheceremony.__________