新高考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 講與練第12練 導(dǎo)數(shù)的綜合問題(解析版)_第1頁
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第12練導(dǎo)數(shù)的綜合問題學(xué)校____________姓名____________班級____________一、單選題1.若不等式SKIPIF1<0對任意實數(shù)x都成立,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的遞減區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0,遞增區(qū)間是SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0取得極小值,也是最小值,SKIPIF1<0,不等式SKIPIF1<0對任意實數(shù)x都成立,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.2.函數(shù)在區(qū)間(0,1)內(nèi)的零點個數(shù)是A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3【答案】B3.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若方程SKIPIF1<0有兩個不相等的實數(shù)根,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【詳解】SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0設(shè)SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0取得極大值SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0趨向于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0趨向于SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增依題意可知,直線SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象有兩個不同的交點如圖所示,SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0故選:B4.若關(guān)于x的不等式SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】依題意,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0(*).令SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,則(*)式即為SKIPIF1<0.又SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,故只需SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,解得SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.5.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上有零點,則m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【詳解】由函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0存在零點,則SKIPIF1<0有解,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增.則SKIPIF1<0時SKIPIF1<0取得最小值,且SKIPIF1<0,所以m的取值范圍是SKIPIF1<0.故選:C6.若存在SKIPIF1<0,使得不等式SKIPIF1<0成立,則實數(shù)k的取值范圍為(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【詳解】存在SKIPIF1<0,不等式SKIPIF1<0成立,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0能成立,即對于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0成立,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,又SKIPIF1<0,所以f(x)>?3,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:C7.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0若關(guān)于x的方程SKIPIF1<0有三個實數(shù)解,則實數(shù)m的取值范圍是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【詳解】SKIPIF1<0等價于SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象如圖,因為SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0有且僅有一個交點,即SKIPIF1<0有兩個實數(shù)解,所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.8.若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】解:依題意,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,令SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0故選:D.二、多選題9.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,滿足對任意的SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則實數(shù)a的取值可以是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】ABC【詳解】因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,滿足對任意的SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0恒成立,因為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時取等號,所以SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0恒成立,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為減函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,綜上所述:SKIPIF1<0.故選:ABC10.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間(1,+∞)內(nèi)沒有零點,則實數(shù)a的取值可以為(

)A.-1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】ABC【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0則在SKIPIF1<0上,SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0有相同的零點.故函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)沒有零點,即SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)沒有零點SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.所以SKIPIF1<0,顯然SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)沒有零點.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減增.在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.所以SKIPIF1<0設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,且SKIPIF1<0所以存在SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0要使得SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)沒有零點,則SKIPIF1<0所以SKIPIF1<0綜上所述,滿足條件的SKIPIF1<0的范圍是SKIPIF1<0由選項可知:選項ABC可使得SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0內(nèi)沒有零點,即滿足題意.故選:ABC11.若存在正實數(shù)x,y,使得等式SKIPIF1<0成立,其中e為自然對數(shù)的底數(shù),則a的取值可能是(

)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.2【答案】ACD【詳解】解:由題意,SKIPIF1<0不等于SKIPIF1<0,由SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,因為函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單詞遞增,且SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,從而SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.故SKIPIF1<0.故選:ACD.12.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0),則(

)A.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立B.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0有且僅有一個零點C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點D.存在SKIPIF1<0,使得SKIPIF1<0存在三個極值點【答案】ABC【詳解】對于A選項,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故A正確;對于B選項,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,且當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0只有一個零點,故B正確;對于C選項,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,由A選項可知,SKIPIF1<0,因此SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點,即SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點,故C正確;對于D選項,SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,兩邊同時取對數(shù)可得,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,因此SKIPIF1<0最多有兩個零點,所以SKIPIF1<0最多有兩個極值點,故D錯誤.故選:ABC.三、填空題13.已知SKIPIF1<0是SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0對SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0為增函數(shù).又SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),故SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立.因為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以有SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<014.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0兩個不同的零點,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍是___________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,SKIPIF1<0遞減,不可能有兩個零點,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,存在SKIPIF1<0使得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0兩個不同的零點,即SKIPIF1<0有兩個零點,則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<015.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0只有唯一零點,則實數(shù)a的取值范圍是________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】令SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,令SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的圖象,由圖象可知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時,圖象有1個交點,即SKIPIF1<0存在1個零點.故答案為:SKIPIF1<016.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,若對任意正數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,都有SKIPIF1<0成立,則實數(shù)m的取值范圍是______.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】由SKIPIF1<0得,SKIPIF1<0令SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞增,又∵SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0上恒成立,即SKIPIF1<0令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0單調(diào)遞減,又因為SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.四、解答題17.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)討論函數(shù)的單調(diào)性;(2)若對任意的SKIPIF1<0,都有SKIPIF1<0成立,求SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【詳解】解:(1)由已知定義域為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0(舍)或SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.所以SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增;SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增.(2)由(1)可知,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,若SKIPIF1<0對任意的SKIPIF1<0恒成立,只需SKIPIF1<0,而SKIPIF1<0恒成立,所以SKIPIF1<0成立;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,若SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0成立;若SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,不滿足SKIPIF1<0對任意的SKIPIF1<0恒成立.所以綜上所述:SKIPIF1<0.18.已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0.(1)若SKIPIF1<0,求函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值;(2)若函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有三個零點,求實數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0【詳解】解:(1)當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,SKIPIF1<0取得極大值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時SKIPIF1<0,所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上的最大值為SKIPIF1<0;(2)由SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時SKIPIF1<0所以函數(shù)在定義域上單調(diào)遞增,則SKIPIF1<0只有一個零點,故舍去;所以SKIPIF1<0,令SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0有三個零點,等價于SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0軸有三個交點,函數(shù)的極值點為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時,令SKIPIF1<0得SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1

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