福建省廈門2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（解析版）

福建省廈門第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年度高三年開學(xué)考（試卷滿分：150分，考試時(shí)間：120分鐘）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話.每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題，每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．Howdidthemangotoworktoday?A．Onfoot.B．Bytaxi.C．Bybike.2．Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A．Anairfryer.B．Amicrowave.C．Arefrigerator.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Colleagues.B．Strangers.C．Classmates.4．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Doinganarticle.B．Designingresearchprojects.C．Interviewingaprofessor.5．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakinggrapewine?A．Time-wasting.B．Enjoyable.C．Difficult.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6．Howmanypiecesofbaggagedoesthemanhave?A．Two.B．Four.C．Six.7．Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A．Ontheplane.B．Intheairport.C．Atthestation.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8．WhatwillFinndothisweekend?A．Gotothetheatre.B．Travelwithhisparents.C．Trainforafootballmatch.9．WhenwasTeatreSansbuilt?A．Inthe14thcentury.B．Inthe19thcentury.C．Inthe20thcentury.10．WhatdidTeatreSansserveasoriginally?A．Amarketplace.B．Acompany’sheadquarters.C．Aplaceforpoliticalmeetings.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11．Wherewillthewomangotomorrow?A．TheNationalArtMuseumofChina.B．TheSummerPalace.C．TheChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseum.12．Whatdidthewomaneatlastnight?A．Zhajiangmian.B．Mongolianhotpot.C．BeijingRoastDuck.13．Whatdoesthewomanintendtodointheend?A．Invitethemantodinner.B．Findashoppingplace.C．Watchamovie.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14．Whatisthewomanprobably?A．Anauthor.B．Ahostess.C．Ascientist.15．WhatdidHowarddoin1985?A．HegothisBachelorofSciencedegree.B．HewrotefortheDallasMorningNews.C．Heenteredthefieldoforganicgardening.16．Whichbookmentionedisorganizedaccordingtoalphabet?A．PlantsforTexas.B．HerbsforTexas.C．DearDirtDoctor.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17．Whatisthespeakerdoing?A．Reportingtheweather.B．Recommendingoutdooractivities.C．Arrangingforthesummerholiday.18．WhatwastheweatherlikeintheNortheastinthepastweek?A．Cool.B．Warm.C．Hot.19．WhyistheMidwestprobablythebestplaceinthespeaker’seyes?A．It’llbesunnyandcomfortable.B．Itstransportisconvenient.C．Ithasgreatair-conditioningsystems.20．WhatdoesthespeakeradvisepeopleintheSouthtodo?A．Prepareforstorms.B．Replantheirouting.C．Enjoytheclearskies.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AScientificeducationaltoyscandevelopkid’sreasoning,problem-solvingandcriticalthinkingcapacityandimprovetheirhand-eyecoordination.Butthemostpowerfulthingisthatthechildrenwillassociatelearningwithfun.Thatmeanstheywillgrowintoadultswithathirstforknowledgeandahighlydevelopedsetofskillsforlearning.Herearesomeofthebest:·ScienceKitYoucanguaranteetwothingsifyoubuyyourkidsone:alotoffunandalotofmess.It’sa20-piecekitthatteachesthebasicsofchemicalreactions.It’srecommendedforkidsaged6andabove,withadultcompany.Youdon’thavetobeascientist,sincethereisanactivitybookwithinstructionsforpossibleexperiments.·MiniTerraKitYoudon’thavetowaitforthesuntocomeouttoteachkidsaboutthenaturalworld.Thisall-inclusivekitisaminiaturegardenthatsimulatesanaturalenvironmentbyusingapowerfulLEDlight.Itincludesaterrariumjar,light-upjarlid,MicroUSBcharger,andallthenaturalingredientstogetstarted.Italsohasasimpleinstructionbookletthatyoucanworkthroughwithyourkids.·GravityRunThisclassicisnotjustaboutbuildingastructureandwatchingthemarblesgoupanddown.Thegamesaredesignedforkidsaged8+todevelopspatialawareness,planning,andreasoning.With60challenges(beginnertoexpert),thisaward-winninggamecanbeenjoyedbyallthefamily.Theexpertlevelsareactuallyquitechallenging,sobepreparedforsomefailures.·WeRoKitThisprize-winningrobottoyfeaturesover840pieces,aWeRoMoveHub,InteractiveMoto,andaDistanceSensor.Youcanbuilditinto5completelydifferentrobots,meaningendlessfunforthekidsandevenadults.Oncethey’vebuiltthecharacteroftheirchoice,theycanprogrammeittoperformcountlesstasksincludingwalkingandtalkingonitsown.1.Whatisthegreateststrengthofscientificeducationaltoys?A.Trainingyoungscientists. B.Stimulatinglearningdesire.C.Developinghand-eyecoordination. D.Buildingupproblem-solvinghabits.2.Whichtoysuitskidswhoenjoygrowingplants?A.Sciencekit. B.MiniTerraKit. C.GravityRun. D.WeRoKit.3.WhatisspecialaboutWeRoKit?A.Ithasdifferentlevels. B.Itistheonlyprize-winner.C.Itrequiresparentalguidance. D.Itinvolvesprogrammingskills.【答案】1B2.B3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章講述的是科學(xué)教育玩具可以培養(yǎng)孩子的推理、解決問題和批判性思維能力，并提高他們的手眼協(xié)調(diào)能力。由此文章向讀者推薦一些最好的科學(xué)教育玩具?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butthemostpowerfulthingisthatthechildrenwillassociatelearningwithfun.Thatmeanstheywillgrowintoadultswithathirstforknowledgeandahighlydevelopedsetofskillsforlearning.

(但最重要的是，孩子們會(huì)把學(xué)習(xí)和樂趣聯(lián)系在一起。這意味著他們長(zhǎng)大后會(huì)對(duì)知識(shí)充滿渴望，并擁有高度發(fā)達(dá)的學(xué)習(xí)技能)”可知，科學(xué)教育分析的最大力量是激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)欲望。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MiniTerraKit部分中“Thisall-inclusivekitisaminiaturegardenthatsimulatesanaturalenvironmentbyusingapowerfulLEDlight.(這個(gè)包羅萬象的工具包是一個(gè)微型花園，通過使用強(qiáng)大的LED燈模擬自然環(huán)境)”可知，MiniTerraKit是一個(gè)微型花園，通過使用強(qiáng)大的LED燈模擬自然環(huán)境。由此可知，對(duì)種植植物感興趣的孩子可以選擇該科學(xué)教育玩具。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WeRoKit部分中“Oncethey’vebuiltthecharacteroftheirchoice,theycanprogrammeittoperformcountlesstasksincludingwalkingandtalkingonitsown.(一旦他們建立了自己選擇的角色，他們就可以給它編程，讓它執(zhí)行無數(shù)的任務(wù)，包括自己走路和說話)”可知，WeRoKit可續(xù)教育玩具不同的地方在于可以為創(chuàng)建的角色編程，并且讓該角色執(zhí)行任務(wù)。故選D。BSometimesabookcomesalongthatisn’tjust“interesting”or“welldone”—it’sabookwhereitseemsliketheauthorlookedintoyourbrainandwroteabookspecificallyforyou.Abooklikethatformewasreleasedthisweek.It’scalled100ThingsWe’veLosttotheInternet,writtenbyeditorPamelaPaul.Paullists100thingsweusedtodothattheInternethaseitherchangedortakenovercompletely:writingletters,printnewspapers,thejoysofbeingbored,andnothavingalltheknowledgeintheworldinyourpocket.AsI’malongtimeaccumulatorofrandomknowledge,certainentriesonthelist—BeingtheOnlyOne,FiguringOutWhoThatActoris—hitmewherelive;rememberingdetailedfactsisnolongernearlyasimpressivewheneveryonehasthecapabilitytofindtheanswerinseconds.Onandonthelistgoes,witheveryminorshiftaddingtothepile.Whatthisbookdoessowellisillustratethegrowthofthatpile;whileanyindividualitemmightbenobigdeal,thecollectedsetissignificant.It’salistofwaysinwhichtheworldnowisdifferentfromtheworldthen.Obviously,Paulisn’tsayingthateverythingbackthenwasbetter.Timemarcheson,afterall.andit’stoughtoargueagainstthemanybenefitsthattheInternethasbroughtintoourlives.Butthatisn’treallythepoint.It’snotaboutwhetheritusedtobebetter.It’sthatitusedtobedifferent.100ThingsWe’veLosttotheInternetisafunreadforthoseofuswhosharesomeofPaul’smemoriesandexperiences.Werememberwhatitwaslikeandweliketoremember.Thelandscapehasshifted,andnodoubtitwillshiftagainastechnology’sadvancementcontinuesapace.Thisbookservesasareminderofthesimpletruththatwhengainsaremade,sometimessomethingislost.4.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toreviewandrecommendagoodread.B.TocommentontheeffectoftheInternet.C.Toarguefortheviewpointofanewbook.D.Tourgethereaderstovaluewhattheyhave.5.WhichmightbeentriesonPaul’slist?A.MapsandEyeContact.B.E-payandCompactDisks.C.PostcardsandHomeschoolingD.BadPhotosandWashingMachines.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“hitmewherellive”inparagraph3mean?A.ProvewhatI’mgoodat.B.IntroducehowIgrewup.C.DescribetheplaceIlivein.D.Speakoutwhatisonmymind.7.WhatconclusionhastheauthordrawnafterreadingPaul’sbook?A.Thingsinthepastarebetter.B.There’renogainswithoutpains.C.Theinternetisadouble-edgedsword.D.Technologyisconstantlychangingtheworld.【答案】4.A5.A6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本篇是一篇說明文，介紹一本名叫100ThingsWe’veLosttotheInternet的書。【4題詳解】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)題目找主旨定位到文章第一段中“Abooklikethatformewasreleasedthisweek.It’scalled100ThingsWe’veLosttotheInternet,writtenbyeditorPamelaPaul(這周出版了一本類似的書。這是編輯帕梅拉·保羅所著的《我們被網(wǎng)絡(luò)遺忘的100件事》)”可知本書由PamelaPaul所寫，名叫100ThingsWe’veLosttotheInternet的書，后續(xù)的文段都在介紹此書，可知文章的目的是回顧并推薦一本好書。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Paullists100thingsweusedtodothattheInternethaseitherchangedortakenovercompletely:writingletters,printnewspapers,thejoysofbeingbored,andhothavingalltheknowledgeintheworldinyourpocket.(保羅列出了100件我們?cè)?jīng)做過的事情，這些事情不是被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了就是被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)完全接管了：寫信、印刷報(bào)紙、享受無聊的樂趣，以及把世界上所有的知識(shí)都裝進(jìn)你的口袋)”可知，地圖和眼神交流被互聯(lián)網(wǎng)改變了，會(huì)出現(xiàn)在他的清單上。故選A。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第三段“rememberingdetailedfactsisnolongernearlyasimpressivewheneveryonehasthecapabilitytofindtheanswerinseconds.(當(dāng)每個(gè)人都能在幾秒鐘內(nèi)找到答案時(shí)，記住詳細(xì)的事實(shí)就不再那么令人印象深刻了)”可知作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間收集各種隨機(jī)知識(shí)的人，清單上的一些內(nèi)容打動(dòng)了我，說出了我心中所想。故選D?！?題詳解】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thelandscapehasshifted,andnodoubtitwillshiftagainastechnology'sadvancementcontinuesapace.(情況已經(jīng)發(fā)生了變化，毫無疑問，隨著技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，這種變化還會(huì)再次發(fā)生。）可知，作者得出的結(jié)論是科技不斷地改變著世界。故選D。

CDiscoveriesatthefamousSanxingduiruinsinSouthwestChinashowthattheregion’sancientShuKingdomCivilizationsharedsimilaritieswiththeMaya.TheSanxingduiruinsbelongedtotheShuKingdomthatexistedatleast4,800yearsagoandlastedmorethan2,000years,whiletheMayancivilizationbuiltitscity-statesaround200AD．Thebronze-maderemainsoftreesunearthedattheruinsoftheShuKingdomresemblethesacredceibatree,whichsymbolizedtheunionofheaven,earthandtheunderworldintheMayancivilization.“Theyareveryimportantsimilarities,”saysSantos,aMexicanarchaeologist(考古學(xué)家)stressingthat“therepresentationsoftreesinbothculturesprovideasymbolismthatisverysimilar”.ThefindingsattheSanxingduiruins,consideredoneofthegreatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,alsoshowanewaspectofBronzeAgeculture,indicatingtheancientcivilizationalreadyhadtechnologiesthatwerethoughttohavebeendevelopedmuchlater.WhilethetimespanbetweentheShukingdomandtheMayancultureisgreat,thefindingshighlighttheclosenessbetweenthetwocivilizations.Theydevelopedinareaswithcomparableclimatesandreflectedtheirworldviewthroughrelatedsymbols.“Intheend,manisstillman,independentoftimeandspace.Whatwehaveisthat,atthislatitude(緯度),boththeShupeopleandtheMayanslookedatthesameskyandhadthesamestarsonthehorizon,”theexpertsays.OnenotablefeatureoftherecentdiscoveriesatSanxingduiwasthecross-subjectworkandtechnologyappliedbyteamsofChinesearchaeologists,whichallowedtheunearthingofartifactsasfragileassilkremains,whichothertypesoflesscarefuldiggingmethodswouldnothavebeenabletoregister.CooperationbetweenChineseandMexicanarchaeologistscouldbenefitprojectsintheMayanworld,wheretherainyclimateandhumidityareproblematicfortheconservationofruins.“Everytimeourculturalknowledgeincreases,regardlessofwhetherwespeakonelanguageoranother,whatitshowsusisthatwecontinuetobesisterculturesand,therefore,theexchangeofsuchknowledgeisfundamental,”saysSantos.8.WhatisasimilaritybetweentheShuKingdomandMayacivilization?A.Theirstartingtime. B.Theirhistoricalorigins.C.Theirculturalsymbols. D.Theirceremonytraditions.9.ThefindingsattheSanxingduiruinshaveprovedthat________.A.silkwasacommonclothingmaterialthenB.sometechnologiesweredevelopedmuchearlierC.theBronzeAgestartedearlierthanpreviouslyassumedD.theShuKingdomandtheMayanworldhadclosecontact10.Whatisacommonchallengefortheconservationofbothruins?A.Dampweather. B.Positioningofruins.C.Highlatitude. D.Languagebarriers.11.WhatisthefocusofSantosquoteinthelastparagraph?A.Ourculturalknowledgeisincreasing.B.Thebenefitsofspeakingadifferentlanguage.C.TheincreasingsisterhoodinculturebetweenChinaandMexico.D.Theimportanceoftheexchangeofculturalknowledge.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了我國三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明的相似之處，并告訴我們文化知識(shí)交流的重要性?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Thebronze-maderemainsoftreesunearthedattheruinsoftheShuKingdomresemblethesacredceibatree,whichsymbolizedtheunionofheaven,earthandtheunderworldintheMayancivilization.“Theyareveryimportantsimilarities,”saysSantos,aMexicanarchaeologist(考古學(xué)家)stressingthat“therepresentationsoftreesinbothculturesprovideasymbolismthatisverysimilar”.”（在蜀國遺址出土的青銅制樹木遺骸類似于神圣的木棉樹，它象征著瑪雅文明中天、地與陰間的結(jié)合。墨西哥考古學(xué)家桑托斯強(qiáng)調(diào)，“這兩種文化中樹木的象征意義非常相似”，他說：“它們有著非常重要的相似之處?！保┛芍?，在蜀國遺址出土的青銅制樹木遺骸類似于瑪雅文明中神圣的木棉樹，蜀國與瑪雅文明這兩種文化中樹木的象征意義非常相似，由此可知，蜀國與瑪雅文明的相似之處在于他們有相似的文化象征。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容“ThefindingsattheSanxingduiruins,consideredoneofthegreatestarchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthe20thcentury,alsoshowanewaspectofBronzeAgeculture,indicatingtheancientcivilizationalreadyhadtechnologiesthatwerethoughttohavebeendevelopedmuchlater.”（三星堆遺址的發(fā)現(xiàn)被認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)最偉大的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)之一，它也展示了青銅時(shí)代文化的一個(gè)新方面，表明古代文明已經(jīng)有了被認(rèn)為是在很久以后發(fā)展起來的技術(shù)。）可知，三星堆遺址的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明古代文明已經(jīng)有了被認(rèn)為是在很久以后發(fā)展起來的技術(shù)，換句話說，古代的一些技術(shù)要比我們認(rèn)為的發(fā)展得更早，由此可知，三星堆遺址的發(fā)現(xiàn)證明了一些技術(shù)發(fā)展得更早。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段關(guān)鍵句“Theydevelopedinareaswithcomparableclimatesandreflectedtheirworldviewthroughrelatedsymbols.”（他們?cè)跉夂蛳嗨频牡貐^(qū)發(fā)展，并通過相關(guān)象征反映他們的世界觀。）和倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容“CooperationbetweenChineseandMexicanarchaeologistscouldbenefitprojectsintheMayanworld,wheretherainyclimateandhumidityareproblematicfortheconservationofruins.”（中國和墨西哥考古學(xué)家之間的合作可能有利于瑪雅世界的項(xiàng)目，那里多雨的氣候和濕度對(duì)遺址的保護(hù)造成了困難。）可知，三星堆遺址和瑪雅文明所處地區(qū)氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候?qū)Μ斞盼拿鞯谋Ｗo(hù)造成了困難，由于氣候相似，多雨潮濕的氣候也對(duì)三星堆遺址的保護(hù)造成了困難，由此可知，保護(hù)這兩處遺址的共同挑戰(zhàn)是潮濕的天氣。故選A項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容““Everytimeourculturalknowledgeincreases,regardlessofwhetherwespeakonelanguageoranother,whatitshowsusisthatwecontinuetobesisterculturesand,therefore,theexchangeofsuchknowledgeisfundamental,”saysSantos.”（桑托斯說：“每當(dāng)我們的文化知識(shí)增加時(shí)，無論我們說的是一種語言還是另一種語言，這都表明我們?nèi)匀皇墙忝梦幕?，因此，這種知識(shí)的交流是至關(guān)重要的?！保┛芍?，桑托斯認(rèn)為知識(shí)的交流是至關(guān)重要的，由此可知，在最后一段引用桑托斯的話的重點(diǎn)是表明文化知識(shí)交流的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。DSeveralyearsago,JasonBox,ascientistfromOhio,flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10,000feetofice,thenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun,keepingtheicecoolbelow.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults,hefounditworked.Exposedicehadmeltedfasterthancoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetofglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown,nojobswerelost,andnobodywastaxedorfired.Justthesortoffixwe’relookingfor.“Thankyou,butnothankyou.”saysRalphKing,aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds.authorandcommentator,thatpeoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet,“butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith,likeconsumption.Theyburned$50,000justforthehelicopter”tobringtheplastictotheglacier.Thisexperiment,quote-unquote,givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehavior.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims,wewillbeclimateChoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives.Theengineerswillgetsmarter,thetoolswillgetbetter,andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.butthatthen?“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback,Greywrites.”“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingicebyourownwill,”hesays.Me?Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself,Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace,butforthemoment,sittingatmydesk,lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling,I’mhappynottobeincharge.12.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.13.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution,letaloneitshighcost.C.It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehavior.D.Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.14.WhatisGreyChilds’sattitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?AFavorable B.Tolerant C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate?B.Isclimatechangearealproblem?C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文，主要講的是幾位科學(xué)家對(duì)控制氣候變化的論述。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Severalyearsago,JasonBox,ascientistfromOhio,flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(I)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10,000feetofice,thenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun,keepingtheicecoolbelow.(幾年前,來自俄俄州的科學(xué)家賈森·博克斯將31卷巨大的白色塑料空運(yùn)到了格陵蘭鳥的一座冰川上。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)把它們鋪在一萬英尺的冰面上,然后離開。他的想法是,白色的塑料會(huì)反射太陽光,保持下面的冰涼爽。)”和第二段的“Thisexperiment,quote-unquote,givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehavior.Itcan't.Technologywon'tgiveusafreeride.(這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)給了人們錯(cuò)誤的希望,認(rèn)為氣候變化可以在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下得到解決。它不能?？萍疾粫?huì)讓我們搭便車。)”可知,第一段介紹了一個(gè)名叫JasonBox的科學(xué)家做了一個(gè)試驗(yàn),嘗試用白色塑料覆蓋冰川,以達(dá)到保護(hù)冰川的目的。從而引出后文對(duì)人類干預(yù)氣候的可行性的探討,因此作者在第一段提到JasonBox的實(shí)驗(yàn)，是為了描述一種具有誤導(dǎo)性的試圖解決氣候問題的嘗試。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Theyburned$50,000justforthehelicopter”tobringtheplastictotheglacier.Thisexperiment,quote-unquote,givespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehavior.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.(他們花了5萬美元買了一架“把塑料運(yùn)到冰川”的直升機(jī)。這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)給了人們錯(cuò)誤的希望，認(rèn)為氣候變化可以在不改變?nèi)祟愋袨榈那闆r下得到解決。它不能?？萍疾粫?huì)讓我們搭便車。)”可知，拉爾夫·金最可能同意技術(shù)并不是最終的解決方案，更不用說其高昂的成本了。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingicebyourownwill(按照我們自己的意愿阻止結(jié)冰，聽起來有些不對(duì)勁。)”可知GreyChilds對(duì)人類控制氣候的態(tài)度是懷疑的，故選C。15題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段的“Severalyearsago,JasonBox,ascientistfromOhio,flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10,000feetofice,thenleft.(幾年前，來自俄亥俄州的科學(xué)家賈森·博克斯(JasonBox)將31卷巨大的白色塑料飛到了格陵蘭島的一座冰川上。他和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)把它們鋪在一萬英尺的冰面上，然后離開。)”引出控制氣候變化的極端例子，之后列舉不同的科學(xué)家對(duì)于控制氣候的觀點(diǎn)，最后一段“Me?Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself,Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace,butforthemoment,sittingatmydesk,lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling,I’mhappynottobeincharge.(我嗎?我更喜歡地球自己照顧自己的時(shí)候，我想有一天我們將不得不管理這個(gè)地方，但此刻，坐在我的辦公桌前，看著樹木瘋狂地彎曲，風(fēng)咆哮著，我很高興自己不再是負(fù)責(zé)人。)”作者提出更喜歡地球自己照料自己，也即反對(duì)人類控制氣候，因此本文主要講的是人類是否應(yīng)該控制氣候，因此A選項(xiàng)“Butshouldwefixtheclimate?(但是我們應(yīng)該解決氣候問題嗎？)”可概括本文主要內(nèi)容，可作為最好的題目，故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Howdoesitfeelwhenyousolveyourproblembyyourself?Thingsmaynotalwaysgoasplanned,butbeingresourcefulcanhelpyoustaycalmandworkyourwayoutoftrickysituations.Beingresourcefulmeansfindingsmartandcreativewaystosolveaproblem,usingwhateverresourcesyouhaveatthetime.____16____Theycanalsobeanythingelsethat’suseful,suchasinformation,adviceoryourownexperience.Italsomeanstrustingyourinstincts,theabilityyou’rebornwith,ratherthanthroughtrainingandbeingconfidentaboutyourabilitytofacechallenges.Aresourcefulpersonisnottheonegettingcrossorpanickingwhensomethinggoeswrong.They’rethinkingabouthowtosolvetheproblem._____17_____whenwelearntoproblemsolveforourselvesratherthanimmediatelygoingtoothersforhelp,itcanhelptobuildourconfidence,helpusfeelmoreindependent,andfeelbetteraboutmakingdecisions.Beingresourcefulmaynothelpyouavoidproblems,butthinkingcreativelyabouthowyoucandealwiththemwillmakeyoufeellessstressedandmorepreparednexttime._____18_____Thiscanboostself-esteem,thatis,howyoufeelaboutyourself.Whenyou’refacingachallenge,trytofocusontheactualproblemratherthanhowyoufeelaboutit.Thinkaboutwhereandwhenithappenedandwhatthecausesare.Next,thinkupasmanysolutionstotheproblemasyoucan.____19____Finally,reviewwhathasandhasn’tworked,soyou’reequippedtodealwithasituationnexttime.Andremember,ifyouhaveatrickyproblemthatyou’reunabletosolve,thenaskatrustedadultforhelp.____20____A.Youalsolearnwhatyou’regoodat.B.Hereishowyoucanbemoreresourceful.C.Thesemaybepracticalthingslikepensandpaper.D.Nooneisexpectedtosolveallproblemsbythemselves.E.Resourcefulnessisaskillthat’sgoodforyouinlotsofways.F.Theycanbefamousmottosthatalwaysinspireustomoveon.G.Weighupwhat’sgoodandbadabouteachoneandchoosethebest.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了遇到棘手的問題時(shí)的應(yīng)對(duì)方法，要足智多謀，隨機(jī)應(yīng)變?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Beingresourcefulmeansfindingsmartandcreativewaystosolveaproblem,usingwhateverresourcesyouhaveatthetime.(足智多謀意味著找到聰明和創(chuàng)造性的方法來解決問題，利用你當(dāng)時(shí)擁有的任何資源。)”和后句“Theycanalsobeanythingelsethat’suseful,suchasinformation,adviceoryourownexperience.(它們也可以是任何有用的東西，比如信息、建議或你自己的經(jīng)歷。)”中的also可知，空處和下文為并列關(guān)系，也是在列舉可以利用的資源可能是什么。所以選擇項(xiàng)F“Thesemaybefamousmottosthatalwaysinspireustomoveon.(這些可能是著名的座右銘，總是激勵(lì)我們繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。)”符合上下文語境。故選F。【17題詳解】挖空處在段首，有可能是段落的主旨句。而后面“…itcanhelptobuildourconfidence,helpusfeelmoreindependent,andfeelbetteraboutmakingdecisions.(它可以幫助我們建立信心，幫助我們感到更獨(dú)立，在做決定時(shí)感覺更好)”及“Beingresourcefulmaynothelpyouavoidproblems,butthinkingcreativelyabouthowyoucandealwiththemwillmakeyoufeellessstressedandmorepreparednexttime.(足智多謀或許不能幫助你避免問題，但創(chuàng)造性地思考如何處理問題會(huì)讓你感覺壓力更小，下次準(zhǔn)備更充分)”主要說的是“beingresourceful”帶來的好處，E選項(xiàng)意思就是resourcefulness能帶來很多好處。故選E?！?8題詳解】該段首句說的是“beingresourceful”會(huì)對(duì)你有好處，前面兩句“…itcanhelptobuildourconfidence,helpusfeelmoreindependent,andfeelbetteraboutmakingdecisions.(...它可以幫助我們建立信心，幫助我們感到更獨(dú)立，在做決定時(shí)感覺更好)”及“Beingresourcefulmaynothelpyouavoidproblems,butthinkingcreativelyabouthowyoucandealwiththemwillmakeyoufeellessstressedandmorepreparednexttime.(足智多謀或許不能幫助你避免問題，但創(chuàng)造性地思考如何處理問題會(huì)讓你感覺壓力更小，下次準(zhǔn)備更充分)”具體列舉了“beingresourceful”帶來的好處，A選項(xiàng)：你還能知道你所擅長(zhǎng)的是什么，對(duì)自己更加了解，也契合下一句“Thiscanboostself-esteem,thatis,howyoufeelaboutyourself.這能提高自尊心。這是又一個(gè)好處，A項(xiàng)最符合語境。故選A?！?9題詳解】該段在討論遇到困難時(shí)，要專注于問題本身，并列出了具體的步驟。上一句“Next,thinkupasmanysolutionstotheproblemasyoucan.(接下來，想出盡可能多的方法來解決問題)”講的是“盡可能多地想出一些解決措施”，G選項(xiàng)：然后衡量它們的好壞，選出最佳的一個(gè)，其中them指代上一句solutions，G項(xiàng)填到此處最合適。故選G?！?0題詳解】上一句“Andremember,ifyouhaveatrickyproblemthatyou’reunabletosolve,thenaskatrustedadultforhelp.(記住，如果你有一個(gè)棘手的問題，你無法解決，然后向一個(gè)值得信任的成年人尋求幫助)”表示自己實(shí)在解決不了，你還可以求助其他人，D選項(xiàng)意為“沒有人是被期望要獨(dú)自解決所有問題的”，與上文意義一致。故填D。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。I’dworkedfourmonthsatauniversitywhenwehadagoing-awaypartyforSandy,whowasmovingtoLondon.WhenIgottoworkthenextday,Iwas______21______toseeSandythere.“Aren’tyousupposedtobeinLondon?”Iasked.She______22______meandsaid,“I’mHelen.”IthenfoundoutthatIhaveararediseasefaceblindness.This____23____sentmetothedoctor.Ididn’tthinkmuchaboutit.____24____,I’masuccessfuladult—whocaresifmy______25______isn’tquitelikeeveryoneelse’s?Then,ImetDrSmith.“Yourabilitytolearnnewfacesisamongtheworst,”hesaid.“Asforcures,nothingsofarhasbeenvery____26____.”Afterasadgoodbye,Ifledintears.Iwas______27______untilDadgavemesomeimportantadvice.“Everyonejustwantstotalkaboutthemselves,”hesaid.“Justaskquestions.”This____28____transformedmylife.Whenwalkingoncampus,ifsomeonelookedmyway,I____29____.Iftheysmiled,Istoppedtochat.SoonIbecameanexpertattalkingto_____30_____.Thisyear,Icelebratedmybirthdaywithover60friends,manyofwhomIwasn’tableto_______31_______.Iwasfinewiththat._______32_______,Icantakecoursestotreatmyillness,butI’dratherspendthattimeonsomethingI_______33_______,likelookingatbirds.Igetsucha_______34_______identifyingthem._______35_______myfaceblindness,I’velearnttoseetheworld.21.A.excited B.surprised C.frightened D.pleased22.A.staredat B.thoughtof C.gotawayfrom D.reachedoutfor23.A.disaster B.accident C.discovery D.expectation24.A.However B.Somehow C.Anyway D.Moreover25.A.illness B.growth C.face D.brain26.A.promising B.popular C.cheap D.comfortable27.A.unconcerned B.impatient C.desperate D.annoyed28.A.tip B.question C.explanation D.warning29.A.hesitated B.smiled C.panicked D.waited30.A.students B.strangers C.colleagues D.patients31.A.invite B.trust C.greet D.recognise32.A.Eventually B.Fortunately C.Actually D.Hopefully33.A.remember B.ignore C.miss D.enjoy34.A.chance B.thrill C.shock D.trouble35.A.Accordingto B.Regardlessof C.Infearof D.Thanksto【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.C28.A29.B30.B31.D32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者患有臉盲癥，但爸爸的一條建議讓作者受益匪淺，作者也因此學(xué)會(huì)了看世界?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：第二天上班時(shí)，我驚訝地看到桑迪在那里。A.excited興奮的；B.surprised驚訝的；C.frightened害怕的；D.pleased愉悅的。根據(jù)下文“Aren’tyousupposedtobeinLondon?”可知，作者看到桑迪感到很驚訝，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他盯著我說：“我是海倫”。A.staredat盯著；B.thoughtof考慮；C.gotawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離；D.reachedoutfor伸手去拿。根據(jù)下文她說自己是海倫可知，她說話時(shí)是盯著作者的，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我發(fā)現(xiàn)我得了一種罕見的臉盲癥。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓我去看醫(yī)生。A.disaster災(zāi)難；B.accident事故；C.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；D.expectation期望。上一句說作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己得了一種罕見的臉盲癥，此處指的就是這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我沒有想太多。無論如何，我是一個(gè)成功的成年人，誰會(huì)在乎我的腦子是否和別人不一樣?A.However然而；B.Somehow不知怎么；C.Anyway不管怎樣、無論如何；D.Moreover況且。根據(jù)下文“I’masuccessfuladult”可知，此處用anyway表示語氣的緩和，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.illness疾?。籅.growth成長(zhǎng)；C.face臉；D.brain大腦、智力。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，臉盲癥屬于認(rèn)知障礙，故選D。【26題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：至于治療方法，到目前為止還沒有什么方法很有希望的（有效的）。A.promising有希望的、有前途的；B.popular流行的；C.cheap便宜的；D.comfortable舒適的。根據(jù)下文“Afterasadgoodbye,I