安徽省宿州市泗縣第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期開學(xué)考試英語試題

泗縣一中20232024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高二開學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測試卷英語第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodo?A.Buysomemagazines.B.Gotothehospital.C.Returnsomebooks.2.Onwhichdaywouldthewomanliketogotothezoo?A.Saturday.B.Friday.C.Sunday.3.WhereisJenniferworkingnow?A.Inahospital.B.Inacollege.C.Inadrugstore.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At2:30pm.A.At1:00pm.C.At1:30pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themanneedstofinishthebook.B.Thebookisboring.C.Themanshouldcheckwithhisprofessor.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白：每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hestudiedalot.B.Hejoinedaclub.C.Hewentcamping.7.Whydopeoplejoin“FlashPlay”?A.Tomakefriends.B.Toearnmoney.C.Toplaysportsinside.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.B.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.C.Shewantstovisitanothercity.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Takeabooktoherfriend.B.Helpherwithherstudy.C.Teachageographylesson.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakers?A.InBoston.B.InNewOrleans.C.InMemphis.11.Whatdoestheboythinkofskiinginthefrontyard?A.Itispopular.B.Itisunsafe.C.Itisuninteresting.12.Whydoesthegirlknowsomuchaboutthesnow?A.Shelearnedaboutitfromhermother.B.Shegrewupinacoldarea.C.Shespenteverywinterinthemountains.聽第9段材料，回答第3至16題。13.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Givingaclass.B.Goingshopping.C.Makingasurvey.15.Howmanyhoursaweekdoesthemanwork?A.About40.B.About50.C.About14.16.Whatdoesthemanspendthreehoursdoingperweek?A.Talkingtofriends.B.Reading.C.Talkingtothefamily.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatdidJohnenjoydoinginhischildhood?A.TouringFrance.B.Playingoutdoors.C.Paintingpictures.18.WhatdidJohndosoonafterhemovedtotheUS?A.Hestudiedbiology.B.HedidbusinessC.Heworkedonafarm.19.WhydidJohninitiallygohunting?A.Formoney.B.Forpleasure.C.Forfood.20.WhatarethemainobjectsofJohn’sworks?A.Americanbirds.B.Humanbehaviors.C.Familymembers.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50)第一節(jié)共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhatdoyoudowhenyouhaveafewminutestospare?Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.Theyallhavesomethinginmon:theytestyourskillsorknowledge.Herearefourofthemostmon.WordpuzzlesOneofthemostpopularwordpuzzles—thecrossword—hasbeenaroundfornearly110years.Crosswordscanbedonewithpaperandpenciloronline.Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.Knowingthelanguagethatthegameisdesignedinisrequiredforsuccess,however.MathpuzzlesMathpuzzlesinvolvenumbers,wordsorobjectsandtheuseofmath.Surprisingly,theeverpopularCandyCrushisclassifiedasamathpuzzle.Mathskillsarerequiredforplayerstosuccessfullymoveandmatchcoloredcandies.MechanicalpuzzlesMechanicalpuzzleshavepiecesthatmustbearrangedinsomeway.Theworld’sbestsellingpuzzle,theRubik’sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.Asof2020,over450millionRubik’sCubeshadbeensold.Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.Jigsawpuzzleshavefromtwotoover550,000pieces—thelargestoneonrecord.LogicpuzzlesFiguringoutthesolutiontoalogicpuzzlerequirescarefulthoughtratherthanguessing.SudokuandMineFinderareexamplesoflogicpuzzles.InMineFinderplayersmustdeterminewheretheminesarehiddeninagrid.1.Whichpuzzlescontributetowordlearning?A.Wordpuzzles. B.Mathpuzzles.C.Logicpuzzles. D.Mechanicalpuzzles.2.WhatdoRubik’sCubesandJigsawpuzzlesshareinmon?A.Botharebestsellingpuzzles.B.Bothhavemorethan550,000pieces.C.Bothhavepiecesthatmustbeputintherightplace.D.Bothtestmechanicalengineeringskillsorknowledge.3.Inwhichsectionofmagazinecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A.Lifeskills. B.Popculture. C.Technology. D.Games.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了幾種常見的拼圖游戲?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Sometimeswordpuzzlesinvolvefindingnewwordswithinalargegroupofletters.Thistypeofwordpuzzleiscalledawordsearch.Wordpuzzlesusuallytestyourvocabulary.(有時字謎需要在一大堆字母中找到新單詞。這種類型的字謎被稱為單詞搜索。字謎通常測試你的詞匯量。)”可知，Wordpuzzles練習(xí)單詞搜索，測試你的詞匯量，所以有助于單詞學(xué)習(xí)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Theworld’sbestsellingpuzzle,theRubik’sCube,isamechanicalpuzzle.(世界上最暢銷的拼圖，theRubik’sCube，是一個機械拼圖。)”以及“Jigsawpuzzlesalsofallintothecategoryofmechanicalpuzzles.Theytypicallyinvolveputtingpiecesintherightplacetoformapicture.(Jigsawpuzzles也屬于機械拼圖的范疇。它們通常需要把碎片放在正確的位置來形成一幅畫。)”可知，theRubik’sCube和Jigsawpuzzles的共同點是都需要把碎片放在正確的位置來形成一幅畫。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中“Therearethousandsofpuzzlestochoosefromthatcanbeworkedonatyourconvenience.(有成千上萬的拼圖游戲可供選擇，在你方便的時候。)”可知，本文主要介紹幾種常見的拼圖游戲，所以最可能摘自雜志的游戲部分。故選D。BForCruz,whogrewupinPeru’smountainousregionofCuzco,fogrepresentsamassiveopportunity.Asaboy,hehadtohikeformorethananhoureverydayacrosshillstocollectwaterfromthenearestsource.Butovertime,herealizedthatduringtherainyseason,dropletsofwaterwouldgatherinthelargeleavesofbananatrees.Soonedayheandhisfathertriedtobuildacanalsystemwiththeleavestocollectwateranditturnedoutasuccess.Butafterwards,hemovedtoLimaattheageof25.There,shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentswerefacedwith,CruzsetupElMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005.Theideawastodeploythemethodhelearnedinhishometownonalargerscale,whichwouldprovidefree,independentlysourcedandeasilyaccessiblewatertothosewhoneededitmost.Hebeganinstalling(安裝)atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatresembleafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyaresocalled“fogcatchers”.Netteddevices,madeofhighdensityRaschelpolyethyleneandspanningseveralmeterswide,arelinedupatthetopofamistymoundandlinkedbyanetworkoftubesthatleadtostoragecontainers.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drinkortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyformunitiesaroundtheworldamongtheeverchallengingcircumstances.GermanresearcherLummerichsays,“Theyarecheap,easytoconstruct.”Inaworldsearchingforwatersupplysystems,itisoneimportantpuzzlepiecethatcanmakeanessentialdifferencelocally.However,therearesomeissues.Forone,fogcatchersrequirespace,whichisnotalwayseasytoebyincities,letaloneurbanslums.Atthesametime,fogcatchersmustbeproperlycleanedandmaintainedtostayeffective.Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.Fogisn’teverywhere.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploy”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Employ. B.Adjust. C.Design. D.Study.5.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.ThereasonwhyCruzinstalledfogcatchers.B.Thedifficultiesofconstructingacanalsystem.C.Theinstallationandbenefitsoffogcatchers.D.TheinspirationCruzgainedtobuildacanalsystem.6.Whatisthebiggestchallengeassociatedwiththeuseoffogcatchers?A.Highcosts. B.Publicopposition.C.Spacelimitation. D.Climateconditions.7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.UrbanAreas:AStruggleforSufficientWaterB.InnovativeWaterCollectionTechniquesinPeruC.TheGlobalWaterCrisisandPossibleSolutionsD.FogCatchers:ALocalSolutionwithGlobalPotential【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一個成長在秘魯山區(qū)的年輕人把在自己家鄉(xiāng)所嘗試發(fā)明的收集水的方式帶到了后來搬去的一個水資源特別貧乏的地區(qū)，運用捕霧的方式解決了當(dāng)?shù)厝彼睦Ь?，給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕a(chǎn)都帶了很多好處?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞的上文“There,shockedbythewatershortagesandexpensivewatersupplythatsomeofthecity’spoorestresidentswerefacedwith,CruzsetupElMovimientoPeruanossinAguain2005.(在那里，一些城市最貧窮的居民面臨著水資源短缺和昂貴的供水，Cruz感到震驚，于2005年成立了ElMovimientoPeruanossinAgua)”和下文“Hebeganinstalling(安裝)atraditionalfogcatchermodeldevelopedinthe1980s.(他開始安裝上世紀(jì)80年代開發(fā)的傳統(tǒng)捕霧器模型)”可知，此處講述了Cruz產(chǎn)生該想法是因為被當(dāng)?shù)氐乃Y源貧乏情況震驚，他有了想法后便著手解決該問題。由此可知，這種想法應(yīng)該是將之前在家鄉(xiāng)學(xué)到的收集水的方法“使用”到新的環(huán)境中，劃線詞意思應(yīng)該是“使用”，與employ意思相近。故選A項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“AtthehighestpointofLosTresMiradores,thereisacurioussetoflargestructuresthatresembleafleetofshipsinthesky.Theyaresocalled“fogcatchers”.Netteddevices,madeofhighdensityRaschelpolyethyleneandspanningseveralmeterswide,arelinedupatthetopofamistymoundandlinkedbyanetworkoftubesthatleadtostoragecontainers.The40fogcatchersthereprovideenoughwaterfor180families,whethertobathe,clean,drinkortoirrigatecropsonsmallgardenpatches.(在LosTresMiradores的最高點，有一組奇怪的大型建筑，就像天空中的艦隊。它們就是所謂的“捕霧器”。網(wǎng)狀裝置由高密度拉舍爾聚乙烯制成，跨度為幾米，排列在多霧的小山丘山頂，并通過通往存儲容器的管道網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接起來。那里的40個捕霧器為180個家庭提供了足夠的水，無論是洗澡、清潔、飲用還是在小塊花園里灌溉莊稼)”可知，本段首先介紹了在TresMiradores安裝的“捕霧器”的具體情況，然后陳述了它們帶來的好處。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Mostcrucially,appropriateclimateconditionsarerequired.(最重要的是，需要適當(dāng)?shù)臍夂驐l件)”可知，捕霧器使用的最大挑戰(zhàn)是氣候條件。故選D項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要講述了一個成長在秘魯山區(qū)的年輕人把在自己家鄉(xiāng)所嘗試發(fā)明的收集水的方式帶到了后來搬去的一個水資源特別貧乏的地區(qū)，運用捕霧的方式解決了當(dāng)?shù)厝彼睦Ь?，給當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窈蜕a(chǎn)都帶了很多好處。再結(jié)合第四段中“Supportersbelievethatfogcatchershavethepotentialtoimprovewatersupplyformunitiesaroundtheworldamongtheeverchallengingcircumstances.(支持者認(rèn)為，在充滿挑戰(zhàn)的環(huán)境中，捕霧器有潛力改善世界各地社區(qū)的供水)”可知，這位年輕人采用的捕霧器具有全球應(yīng)用的潛力。由此可知，D項“捕霧器：具有全球潛力的地方解決方案”契合文章主旨，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選D項。Cputersareprettygoodatansweringquestions.JustaskAlexa,Amazon’svoiceassistant,whocantellyoutheweatherordirections.putersaregoodatspittingbackfacts,buthaven’tshownthesamecriticalorcreativethinkingthathumanshave.Thatcouldbechanging,atleastwhenitestoreading,becauseofadvancesinAI(artificialintelligence).ResearchteamsatMicrosoftandChinesetechpanyAlibabareachedwhattheydescribedasamilestoneearlierthisJanuary.TheirAIsystemsoutperformedtheestimatedhumanscoreonareadingprehensiontest.ThetestwasdevelopedatStanfordUniversity.Itshowedthat,inatleastsomesituations,puterscanbeathumansatquickly“reading”hundredsofWikipediaarticles.AImachinescouldeupwithaccurateanswerstoquestionsaboutwarriorkingGenghisKhan,ortheApollospaceprogram.Theputershowever,alsomademistakesthatmanypeoplewouldn’thave.Microsoft,forinstance,failedaneasyfootballquestion.TheputerwasaskedwhichmemberoftheCarolinaPanthersfootballteaminterceptedthemostpassesinthe2015season.ThecorrectanswerwasKurtColeman,notJoshNorman.AnypersonwhocarefullyreadtheWikipediapassagewouldhavediscoveredtherightanswer.However,theputermadeamistakeintheword“most”anddidn’tunderstandthatsevenisbiggerthanfour.“We’restillalongwayfromputersbeingabletoreadandprehendgeneraltextinthesamewaythathumanscan,”KevinScott,Microsoft’sheadoftechnology,wrote.HepraisedtheAIsystemforpassingthetest,callingitamajorachievementbythepany’sresearchers.“Itstrikesmeforthekindofproblemthatthey’resolvingthatit’snotpossibletodobetterthanpeople,becausepeoplearedefiningwhat’scorrect,”Littmansaid.“Theimpressivethinghereisthattheymethumanperformance,notthatthey’veexceededit.”8.Whydidtheresearchteamdescribetheirworkasamilestone?A.Becausetheirputersshowedcriticalandcreativethinkinglikehumans.B.BecausetheirAIsystemsbeathumansinreadingprehension.C.BecausetheirAIsystemscouldtellyouweatheranddirection.D.Becausetheirputersaregoodatansweringquestions.9.WhichofthefollowingareTRUEaccordingtoparagraph3?A.AImachinescouldproposeincorrectanswerstoGenghisKhan.B.SmartAImachineswereansweringquestions.C.AImachinesdidbetterthanhumansinreading.D.AImachinescandoeverythingthathumancan’tdo.10.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.AIstillstruggleswithlogicalreasoning. B.putersoftenmistakesevenforfour.C.putersseldommakestupidmistakes. D.TheWikipediapassagewascontroversial.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“met”inthelastparagraphmean?A.visited. B.contacted. C.greeted. D.satisfied.【答案】8B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要分析并闡述了人工智能在閱讀上與人類相比，人類的批判性思維以及創(chuàng)新能力比人工智能強，單在閱讀客觀事實上，人工智能更好?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheirAIsystemsoutperformedtheestimatedhumanscoreonareadingprehensiontest.(他們的人工智能系統(tǒng)在閱讀理解測試中的表現(xiàn)超過了人類的估計得分)”可知，研究小組將他們的工作描述為一個里程碑是因為他們的人工智能系統(tǒng)在閱讀理解方面勝過人類。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itshowedthat,inatleastsomesituations,puterscanbeathumansatquickly“reading”hundredsofWikipediaarticles.AImachinescouldeupwithaccurateanswerstoquestionsaboutwarriorkingGenghisKhan,ortheApollospaceprogram.(它表明，至少在某些情況下，計算機可以在快速“閱讀”數(shù)百篇維基百科文章方面擊敗人類。人工智能機器可以準(zhǔn)確回答關(guān)于成吉思汗或阿波羅太空計劃的問題)”可知，C選項“人工智能機器在閱讀方面比人類做得更好”正確。故選C。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“However,theputermadeamistakeintheword“most”anddidn’tunderstandthatsevenisbiggerthanfour.(然而，計算機在“most”這個詞上犯了一個錯誤，不明白7比4大)”可推知，人工智能在邏輯推理上易出錯，在邏輯推理方面仍然面臨困難，需要不斷加以改進。故選A?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itstrikesmeforthekindofproblemthatthey’resolvingthatit’snotpossibletodobetterthanpeople,becausepeoplearedefiningwhat’scorrect(它們解決的問題讓我覺得它們不可能比人做得更好，因為人們在定義什么是正確的)”以及后文“humanperformance,notthatthey’veexceededit”可知，人工智能不可能比人做得更好，所以人工智能只是滿足了人類的表現(xiàn)，而不是說已經(jīng)超越它，故劃線詞意思是“滿足”。故選D。DIhaveafriendwhobirdwatches.Shefeelsfortablewhenevershe’sdoingit.Ifyouaskherwhyshelikesit,shewillsaythingslike“Well,birdsaretheworld’smostmagicalcreatures.”Ihaveanotherfriendwhoknits.Shelikesitbecauseit’ssatisfying,andhasanastonishinglyimpressiveimpactonpeopleforwhombeingabletoknitglovesisoutofreach.Asaterm,“hobby”hasalwaysbeenofarguablemeaning.Asksomeonewhattheythinkahobbyis,andyou’llgetadictionarydefinitionthattheywillhavejustlookedupontheirphonesand,then,apassionatespeechonalloftheactivitiesthatcanundernocircumstancesbeputintogroupsashobbiesbytheirownhighlyuniqueandinflexiblestandards.Beingonlineisnotahobby,apparently,norislisteningtomusic.Hardlyanyoneknowswhatahobbyis,andthisisparticularlythecasenowthatsomanyofusarespendingourleisuretimeonlinearguingaboutthesesortsofbasicdefinitionswithpeople,asthewriterMaxReadputitinanessay,“towhomtheworldhasbeencreatedagaineverymorning,forwhomeverysettledargumentofmodernitymustberewritten,butthistimewiththeirengagement.”Eventakingthesedifficultiesintoaccount,however,itseemsobviousthatbirdwatchingandknittingareclassichobbies.Theyareenjoyable,involvepracticeandrewardeffort,andtheyaregivenimmediateaccesstoagroupwiththesameinterests.Theyarethesortsofhobbiesadvicecolumnists(專欄作家)haveinmindwhenpeoplewriteinabouttheirimbalancedlives.It’sinteresting,then,thatnotoneofmytwoclearlyhobbyhavingfriendswouldadmittothepractice.Theyworriedthattheirhobbies,whichgivethempleasureandkeepthemfarfromtheirputers,madethemseemliketheyhadtoomuchleisuretimeandtooLewinnerresourcesthatwouldenablethemtonaturallyavoidboredom.Theyarefullypaidupmembersofsociety,withbusylives,fulfillinginterpersonalrelationshipsand,again,hobbiesthatmakethemhappy.It’sjustthathobbieshaveanundeservedlybadreputation,onemadeworsebytheInternet,likeeverythingelse.Thebirdwatchersaidtheproblemwithhavingahobbywasthatitmadepeopleseemliketheywerecontributingandlearningnothing.Theknittersaidthatshepersonallyconnectedhobbieswithhavingnofriendsandnoideaofwhatnormalpeopledotohavefun,Actually,theydonotwanttobeseenasmadpeoplewhointentionallygetawayfromthecorrectcourse.Well,Ienjoycertainlightoperas.Iplaymusicformyownamusement.Andyes,Iamanordinarystudent,andthatisnotasignofmadness.12.TheauthormentionstwofriendswithdifferenthobbiesinParagraph1mainlyto.A.explainthedefinitionof“hobby”B.attractthereaders’attentiontohobbiesC.stresstheimportanceofhavingahobbyD.paretwodifferenttypesofhobbies13.WhatdoestheauthormeanbyquotingMaxReadinParagraph3?A.“Hobby”asatermcanonlybedefinedwithouttheInternet.B.Peopleonlinediscussthedefinitionof“hobby”tochangelives.C.Peoplecreateanewworldbyexpressingtheirideasofhobbiesonline.D.Itishardforonlinepeopletoreachanagreementonthedefinitionof“hobby”.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetwofriends’concernsabouttheirhobbies?A.Theyareafraidofbeingseenascrazypeople.BTheyfeartheirhobbiesarenotimpressiveenough.C.Theyfinditnecessarytosharehobbiestobalancetheirlives.D.Theyrefusetosharetheirfeelingsabouttheirhobbieswithmadpeople.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?A.Hobbiesaregreatforpeople’smentalhealth.B.Differentpeoplehavetheirownstandardsofhobbies.C.Itisreasonableandnormalforpeopletohavehobbies.D.Peoplewhosufferfrommadnesscanalsohavehobbies.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。一直以來，對于“愛好”的定義眾說紛紜，并無定論。作者認(rèn)為只要是能自娛自樂，哪怕?lián)碛幸恍┬”娏眍惖膼酆?，也是正常合理的?！?2題詳解】目的意圖題。根據(jù)第二段“Asaterm,“hobby”hasalwaysbeenofarguablemeaning.(一直以來，愛好都是一個頗具爭議的話題)”可知，作者于第一段中講述了喜歡編織和賞鳥的兩位朋友的生活故事，以此引起讀者對“愛好”這個話題的關(guān)注，故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Hardlyanyoneknowswhatahobbyis,andthisisparticularlythecasenowthatsomanyofusarespendingourleisuretimeonlinearguingaboutthesesortsofbasicdefinitionswithpeople,(幾乎沒人知道愛好是什么，尤其是現(xiàn)在我們很多人都把閑暇時間花在網(wǎng)上和別人爭論這些基本的定義上)”可知，MaxRead的引言表明在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上人們對愛好的基本定義看法不一，爭論不斷，故選D項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Actually,theydonotwanttobeseenasmadpeoplewhointentionallygetawayfromthecorrectcourse.(事實上，他們不想被看作是刻意偏離正確路線的瘋子)”可知，這兩位朋友不愿將自己私下的愛好為旁人所知，是因為他們害怕被視為不走尋常路的異類或瘋子，故選A項?！?5題詳解】段落意圖題。根據(jù)最后一段“Well,Ienjoycertainlightoperas.Iplaymusicformyownamusement.Andyes,Iamanordinarystudent,andthatisnotasignofmadness.(嗯，我喜歡一些輕歌劇。我演奏音樂是為了自娛自樂。是的，我是一個普通的學(xué)生，這并不是發(fā)瘋的表現(xiàn))”可知，作者認(rèn)為擁有一些愛好，自娛自樂，怡情養(yǎng)性，是再正常合理不過的事情了，故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Activelisteningisamunicationskillthatinvolvesgoingbeyondsimplyhearingthewordsthatanotherpersonspeaksbutalsoseekingtounderstandthemeaningandintentionbehindthem.Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.____16____BefullypresentActivelisteningrequiresbeingfullypresentintheconversation.Itenablesyoutoconcentrateonwhatisbeingsaid.Beingpresentinvolveslisteningwithallyoursensesandgivingyourfullattentiontothespeaker.Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.____17____Andleteverythingelseslipaway.Payattentiontononverbalcues(非言語暗示)Asmuchas65%ofaperson’smunicationisunspoken,____18____.Thisinvolvesnotfoldingyourarms,smilingwhilelistening,leaningin,andnoddingatkeypoints.Itcanalsobehelpfultopayattentiontoyourfacialexpressionswhenactivelisteningsothatyoudon’tconveyanytypeofnegativeresponse.KeepgoodeyecontactWhenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.____19____Atthesametime,youdon’twanttousesomucheyecontactthattheconversationfeelsstrange.Tokeepthisfromhappening,followthe50/70rule.Thisinvolvesmaintainingeyecontactfor50%to70%ofthetimespentlistening,holdingthecontactforfourtofivesecondsbeforebrieflylookingaway.BepatientPatienceisanimportantactivelisteningtechniquebecauseitallowstheotherpersontospeakwithoutinterruption.Beingpatientinvolvesnottryingtofillperiodsofsilencewithyourownthoughtsorstories.Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.____20____Also,don’tchangethesubjecttooabruptlyasthisconveysboredomandimpatience.A.Don’tprepareareplywhilelistening.B.Italsoshowsthatyouaren’tdistracted.CThisisn’thelpfulduringactivelistening.D.Souseopen,nonthreateningbodylanguage.E.Don’tfocustoomuchoninsignificantdetails.F.Placeyourfocusonyourconversationpartner.G.Thisinvolvesusingcertainstrategiesortechniques.【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.B20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了什么是積極傾聽，以及做到積極傾聽的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Theword“active”impliesthatyouaretakingsometypeofactionwhenlisteningtoothers.(“積極”這個詞意味著你在傾聽別人的時候正在采取某種行動)”提到了積極傾聽，選項G中this是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以G選項“這涉及到使用某些策略或技巧?！蹦艹薪由衔模夷芸傤I(lǐng)下文小標(biāo)題中提到的技巧。故選G項?！?7題詳解】上文“Tousethisactivelisteningtechniqueeffectively,putawayyourcellphone,ignoredistractions,andshutdownyourinternaldialogue.(為了有效地使用這種積極傾聽技巧，把你的收起來，忽略干擾，關(guān)閉你內(nèi)心的對話)”提到了如何避免分散注意力，選項F中focus是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以F選項“把你的注意力放在你的談話對象身上?！狈险Z境。故選F項。【18題詳解】上文“Asmuchas65%ofaperson’smunicationisunspoken.(一個人多達65%的交流是無聲的)”提到了無聲的交流，選項D中bodylanguage是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文的unspoken呼應(yīng)，所以D選項“所以使用開放的，沒有威脅的肢體語言?！背薪由衔模险Z境。故選D項。【19題詳解】上文“Whenengagedinactivelistening,makingeyecontactisespeciallyimportant.

Thistellstheotherpersonthatyouarepresentandlisteningtowhatheorshesays.(在積極傾聽時，眼神交流尤為重要。這告訴對方你在聽他或她說什么)”提到了眼神交流的作用，B選項“這也表明你沒有分心?！边M一步說明了眼神交流的作用，和上文構(gòu)成遞進關(guān)系。故選B項?！?0題詳解】上文“Thisalsorequireslisteningtounderstand,nottorespond.(這也需要傾聽去理解，而不是回應(yīng))”提到了傾聽時不要回應(yīng)，A選項“不要在聽的時候準(zhǔn)備回答?！背薪由衔模c本段小標(biāo)題呼應(yīng)。故選A項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Dressedinakachhad,atraditionalNepaleseclothes,UmeshBalalwalkedintohismeetingsatthe28thUnitedNationsClimateChangeConference(COP28)onclimatechangeinDubaiwithasenseofdetermination.Balal,whohasphysicaldisability,wastheretopublicly____21____inclusionofdisabilityrightsintheclimatechangeconferenceanaspectthathesaidhaslongbeen____22____byorganizersoftheworld’slargestannualmeetingonclimateissues.Asastudent,Balalwas____23____aboutscienceandinvolvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.Thosewerehisfirstfewinteractionsthat____24____theclimaterelatedissuestohim.Beingfromamountainousregion,Balal____25____moreabouthowclimatechangehad,____26____peoplethere,whichledhimtodevelopclimateanxiety.ThemoreBalal____27____himselftoclimatescience,themorehelearnedabouttheimpactofclimatechange.Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterchancesof____28____theclimatecrisis.Butthelessdevelopedcountries,forthe____29____munities,usuallydon’thavethesameopportunities,whichwillpushthemfurtherintothe____30____.Anditisevenharderforpeoplewith____31____.ManypeoplewithdisabilitiesinNepaldon’thave____32____topropereducationoropportunitiesforgrowth.Asaresult,theyaren’tabletoadvocatefortheirrights.Inaninterview,Balalsaid,“____33____,IamhonoredthatIefromasupportivefamily,whereIhadachanceofgoodeducationwhich____34____metogrowinlife.ThisiswhatI____35____forothers,tochangethewaytheylivetheirlives.21.A.control B.achieve C.measure D.support22.A.studied B.ignored C.respected D.issued23.A.curious B.anxious C.particular D.worried24.A.sold B.lent C.awarded D.introduced25.A.brought B.plained C.knew D.quarreled26A.prepared B.affected C.organized D.admitted27.A.limited B.changed C.devoted D.helped28.A.copingwith B.resultingfrom C.differingfrom D.paringwith29.A.warmer B.cleaner C.quieter D.poorer30.A.confidence B.crisis C.calmness D.honesty31.A.rights B.degrees C.advertisements D.disabilities32.A.access B.objection C.attention D.gratitude33.A.Similarly B.Secretly C.Fortunately D.Naturally34.A.allowed B.forced C.warned D.ordered35.A.occupy B.blame C.want D.cheer【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B31.D32.A33.C34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章講述了在迪拜舉行的第28屆聯(lián)合國氣候變化大會(COP28)上，穿著尼泊爾傳統(tǒng)服裝kachhad的烏梅什?巴拉爾(UmeshBalal)帶著堅定的決心走進會場，公開支持將殘疾人權(quán)利納入氣候變化會議?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Balal有身體殘疾，他在那里公開支持將殘疾人權(quán)利納入氣候變化會議，他說，長期以來，世界上最大的氣候問題年度會議的組織者一直忽視了這一點。A.control控制；B.achieve獲得，實現(xiàn)；C.measure測量；D.support支持。根據(jù)“Balal,whohasphysicaldisability”可知，Balal有身體殘疾，因此他在聯(lián)合國氣候大會上公開支持將殘疾人權(quán)利納入氣候變化會議。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.studied研究；B.ignored忽視；C.respected尊重；D.issued發(fā)表。根據(jù)下文“Asaresult,theyaren’tabletoadvocatefortheirrights.”可知，殘疾人權(quán)利在世界上最大的氣候問題年度會議一直被忽視。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名學(xué)生，Balal對科學(xué)充滿好奇，并參與了環(huán)境科學(xué)的研究。A.curious好奇的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.particular特殊的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“involvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.”可知，Balal對科學(xué)感到好奇。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這是他最初的幾次互動，向他介紹了與氣候有關(guān)的問題。A.sold賣；B.lent借出；C.awarded授予；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)“involvedhimselfinresearchonenvironmentalscience.”可知，參與環(huán)境科學(xué)的研究向他介紹了與氣候有關(guān)的問題。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于來自山區(qū)，Balal更了解氣候變化如何影響那里的人們，這使他產(chǎn)生了氣候焦慮。A.brought帶來；B.plained抱怨；C.knew了解；D.quarreled爭吵。根據(jù)“Beingfromamountainousregion”可知，來自山區(qū)使他更了解氣候變化如何影響那里的人們。故選C。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.prepared準(zhǔn)備；B.affected影響；C.organized組織；D.admitted承認(rèn)。根據(jù)“whichledhimtodevelopclimateanxiety.”可知，氣候變化影響到人們的生活，這使他產(chǎn)生了氣候焦慮。且下文“impactofclimatechange”也是提示。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Balal越是致力于氣候科學(xué)，他就越了解氣候變化的影響。A.limited限制；B.changed改變；C.devoted致力；D.helped幫助。根據(jù)“himselftoclimatescience”可知，Balal致力于氣候科學(xué)。故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：擁有更多資源的人更有可能應(yīng)對氣候危機。A.copingwith應(yīng)對；B.resultingfrom由……引起；C.differingfrom和……不同；D.paringwith與……比較。根據(jù)“Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterchances”并結(jié)合常識可知，擁有更多資源的人更能應(yīng)對氣候危機。故選A。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但欠發(fā)達國家，對于較貧窮的社區(qū)來說，通常沒有同樣的機會，這將使他們進一步陷入危機。A.warmer更溫暖的；B.cleaner更干凈的；C.quieter更安靜的；D.poorer更貧窮的。根據(jù)“Butthelessdevelopedcountries”可知，此處指較為貧窮的社區(qū)。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.confidence自信；B.crisis危機；C.calmness冷靜；D.honesty誠實。根據(jù)上文“Peoplewithmoreresourceshavebetterc