職稱英語(yǔ)理工類a級(jí)模擬2

職稱英語(yǔ)理工類A級(jí)模擬2

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面

所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

1>Thepriceofvegetablesfluctuatesaccordingtotheweather.

A.jumpsB.rises

C.fallsD.changes

2、Didyoudothattoirritateher?

A.teaseB.attract

C.annoyD.protect

3、Marylookedpaleandweary.

A.iiiB.tired

C.worriedD.peaceful

4、Thewaterinthispartoftheriverhasbeencontaminatedbysewage（污水）

A.pollutedB.downgraded

C.mixedD.blackened

5、Hertreatmentofthesubjectisexhaustive.

A.veryboringB.verythorough

C.veryinteresting.D.verytouching

6、Aliceisafascinatinggirl.

A.abeautifulB.apretty

C.anattractiveD.apleasant

7>Hermoodcanbegaugedbyherreactiontothemosttrivialofincidents.

A.displayedB.shown

C.provedD.assessed

8、TheoldladyletherflattoanEnglishcouple.

A.offeredB.rented

C.providedD.sold

9、Shestoodtherezcryingandtremblingwithfear.

A.shakingB.staggering

C.strugglingD.murmuring

10>Theystrolledaroundthelakeforanhourorso.

A.ranB.rolled

C.walkedD.raced

11>Theconclusioncanbededucedfromthepremises.

A.arguedB.derived

C.permittedD.come

12>Icannolongertoleratehisactions.

A.putupwithB.accept

C.takeD.sufferfrom

13、Ourplanistoallocateonememberofstafftohandleappointments.

A.askB.persuade

C.assignD.order

14>Shehasbeenthesubjectofmassivemediacoverage.

A.extensiveB.negative

C.responsiveD.explosive

15>工expectthatshewillbeabletocaterforyourparticularneeds.

A.supplyB.reach

C.provide.D.meet

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。

EruptionsofMountSaintHelens

OnMarch27,theUSGovernmentscientistsmadeadecisionaftertheypredicted

theeruptionofMountSaintHelens.Theytelephonedallstateandlocalofficials

intheareaandtoldthemthataseriouseruptionwaspossibleatanytime.

Roadswereclosedtoeveryoneexceptscientistsandforestkeepersstruggled

tokeepcuriousvisitorsawayfromthemountain.

ShortlyafternoononMarch27zMountSaintHelenseruptedforthefirst

timein123years.Peoplelivingnorthofthemountainheardaloudboomthat

shooktheirwindows,andairlinepilotsflyingnearthevolcanosoonafterwards

describedathickblackcolumnofashandsteamshootingmorethan2,100meters

intothesky.

Later,scientistsfoundthattheexplosionhadmadeanewcrater（大坑）

inthetopofthemountain,notfarfromtheoldcrater.Thenorthsideof

thepeaknowhadahugebulge（凸出部分）whererockandicehadbeenpushed

outbytheeruption.

AseconderuptionshookthemountainonMarch28.Itztoo,sentupacolumn

ofblackashhighintothesky.ByMarch29,scientistsflyingoverthemountain

sawthatasecondcraterformedabout9metersfromthefirstone.Strange

blueflamesflickered（閃爍）insidethecraterandsometimesjumpedfromone

cratertotheother.

ByApril1themountainhaderuptedseveralmoretimesandthesnowon

thenorthslopeofthepeakwasblackwithash.Ashcarriedbythewindhad

fallenontownsasfaras240kilometersawayfromMountSaintHelens.

DuringthefirstweekofApril,MountSaintHelensgavescientistssomething

newtoworryabout：harmonictremors（震動(dòng)）recordedbyscientistsshoweda

bigeruptionwouldhappen.AllduringAprilandintoMayMountSaintHelens

continuedtoshudder（震動(dòng)）andshootoutash.ByApril8,thetwocraters

hadmergedtoformavastholenearlyahalfofakilometerwideand250meters

deep.

Scientists*mainworryduringthistimewasthegrowingbulgeofrockand

iceonthenorthfaceofthemountain.ByMay7scientistsfearedtheworst.

TheirwarningsledWashingtonGovernortosetupsafetyzonesaroundthemountain

Theinner1"red"zonewasopentoscientistsonly.Theouter"blue"zonewas

openonlytopeoplewhogotspecialpermits.Butinspiteofthesewarnings,

somepeoplegotpasttheroadbarriersandriskedtheirlivestryingtoget

closetothevolcano.

16、AmericanscientistspredictedthatMountSaintHelenswastoeruptsoon.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Pilotsflyingattheheightofmorethan2,100meterssawathickblack

columnofashandsteamshootingupintotheairfromthecrater.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18、Anewcrater,whichwastothesouthoftheoldone,wasformedafterthe

seconderuption.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、ThequakesrecordedduringthefirstweekofAprilintheareaofMount

SaintHelenswarnedscientistsofaneweruption.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>TwoscientistslosttheirlivesduringtheseconderuptionofMountSaint

Helens.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>MostofthedreadfuleruptionsofMountSaintHelenstookplaceinearly

May.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、TheeruptionofMountSaintHelensattractedalargenumberofforeign

tourists.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為

第3?6段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題：（2）第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正

確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

ElectromagneticEnergy

1.Whitelightseemstobeacombinationofallcolors.Theenergythat

comesfromasourceoflightisnotlimitedtothekindofenergyyoucan

see.Heatisgivenoffbyaflameoranelectriclight.Onacloudydayit

ispossibletogetasunburneventhoughyoufeelcool.Visiblelightand

thekindsofenergythatproducewarmthandsunburnareexamplesof

electromagneticenergy.

2.Thesunis93millionmilesfromtheearth.Yetwecanuseenergyfrom

thesunbecauseelectromagneticenergytravelsthroughspace.

3.Manyotherkindsofenergyarealsotypesofelectromagneticenergy.

Radio,television,andradarsignalstravelfromtransmitterstoreceivers

aslow-energyelectromagneticwaves.Infrared（紅外線的）radiationisan

electromagneticwave.Whenitisabsorbedbymatter,heatisproduced.Waves

ofinfraredandvisiblelighthavemoreenergythanwavesofradio,television,

orradar.Ultravioletrays（紅外線）andX-raysareelectromagneticwaveswith

evengreateramountsofenergy.Infraredradiationisusedincookingfood

andheatingbuildings.Sunlightandelectriclightsarepartofour.

requirementsfornormalliving.Ultravioletradiationisusefulinkilling

certaindiseaseorganisms.X-raysandgammarayshavesomuchenergythat

theytravelrightthroughsolidobjects.Theycanbeusedtodetectandtreat

cancer.X-raysareusedinindustrytofindhiddencracksinmetal,andin

medicinetorevealbrokenbones.

4.Usuallyweuseelectricitytogenerateelectromagneticenergy.Thesource

ofmostofourenergyisthesun.Heatfromthesuncauseswatertoevaporate.

Whenthewaterfallstotheearthasrain,someofitistrappedbehinddams

andthenusedtooperateelectricgenerators.Othergeneratorsarepowered

bycoalzbuttheenergystoredincoalcamefromthesun,too.

5.Untilrecently,thesourceofthetremendousamountofenergygiven

offbythesunwasapuzzle.Ifthesundependedonchemicalreactions,it

wouldhaveusedupallitsenergylongago.Experimentswithelectromagnetic

radiationledtothetheorythatmasscanbeconvertedintoenergy.About

fortyyearsafterthetheorywasproposed,nuclearenergywasharnessed（利

用）byman.Chemicalenergycomesfromelectron（電子）rearrangement.Nuclear

energycomesfromachangeinthenucleusofanatom.Comparedwithchemical

reactions,nuclearreactionsreleasemillionsoftimesmoreenergyperpound

offuel.Wenowbelievethatthesun1senergycomesfromthenuclearreactions

inwhichhydrogenischangedintohelium（氮）.

6.Nuclearenergyisbeginningtocompetewithcoalasaneconomicalsource

ofpowertogenerateelectricity.Itisalsobeingusedtooperateengines

inlargeships.Scientistscontinuetoseeknewandbettermethodsofobtaining

andusingenergy.

ANuclearReactionsastheLastingSourceoftheSun1sEnergy

BTheMostImportantSourceofEnergy

CTypesofElectromagneticEnergy,

DTheMachinesUsedforEnergyGeneration

ESeekingNewSourcesofEnergy

FTheUseofUltravioletRadiationinMedicine

23、Paragraph3

24、Paragraph4

25、Paragraph5

26>Paragraph6

27、Awhenitisabsorbedbymatter

Bwhenitiscloudy

Cbecausetheycanpassthroughsolidobjects

Dwhenthesunraysarefierce

Ewhenachangeinthenucleusofanatomtakesplace

FwhenelectronrearrangementtakesplaceOnecangetasunburneven

28、Infraredradiationcanproduceheat.

29、X-raysandgammarayscanbeusedtodetectandtreatcancer.

30>Chemicalenergyisgenerated.

第4部分：閱讀理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根

據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案。

第-

ValuingChildhood

Thevalueofchildhoodiseasilyblurred（變得模糊不清）intoday*sworld.

Considersomerecentdevelopments：Thechild-murderersintheJonesboro,Ark.

schoolyardshootingcasewereconvictedandsentenced.Twoboys,7and8,

werechargedinthemurderofan11-year-oldgirlinChicago.

Childrenwhocommithorriblecrimesappeartoactoftheirownwill.Yet,

aslegalproceedingsinJonesboroshowed,theoneboywhowasabletoaddress

thecourtcouldn1tbegintoexplainhisacts,thoughhetriedtoapologize.

Theremayhavebeenamotivemyouthfuljealousy（妒忌）andresentment.But

adeeperquestionremains：Whydidtheseboysandothersinsimilartrouble

apparentlylackanyinner,moralrestraint?

ThatquestionechoesfortheaccusedinChicago,youngastheyare.They

wantedthegirl1sbicycle,aselfishimpulsecommonenoughamongkids.

Redemption（拯救）isapracticalnecessity.Howcanvalueberestoredto

younglivesdistortedbyactsofviolence?TheboysinJonesboroandinChicago

willbeconfinedininstitutionsforarelativelyshorttime.Despitehorror

atwhatwasdone,childrenarenot—cannotbemdealtwithasadults,notif

apeoplewantstoconsideritselfcivilized.That1swhypoliticians1cries

foradulttreatmentofyouthfulcriminalsultimatelymissthepoint.

Butthemoralvoid（真空）thatinvitesviolencehasmanysources.Family

instabilitycontributes.Sodoeseconomicstress.Thatvoid,however,can

befilled.Theworkstartswithparents,whohavetoaskthemselveswhether

they1redoingenoughtogivetheirchildrenafirmsenseofrightandwrong.

Aretheyreallymonitoringtheiractivitiesandtheirdevelopingprocesses

ofthought?

Schools,too,havearoleinbuildingcharacter.Sodoyouthorganizations.

Sodolawenforcementagencies,whichcandomoretoinformtheyoungabout

laws,theirmeaning,andtheirobservance（遵守）.

Thegoal,ultimately,istoallowallchildrenanormalpassagefromchildhood

toadulthood（成年）,sothattragicgapsinmoraljudgementarelesslikely

tooccur.Therelativefewwhofillsuchgapswithactsofviolencehintat

manyotherswhodon11gothatfar,butwholackthemoralfoundationschildhood

shouldprovide—andwhichprogressivehumansocietyrelieson.

31>ThetwoboysinChicagowere

A.shot.

B.murdered.

C.accused.

D.sentenced.

32、TheboysinJonesboroandChicagoapparentlylackedasenseof

A.rightandwrong.

B.discipline.

C?shame.

D.safety.

33、Accordingtopoliticians,whenchildrencommitcrimes,theyshouldbetreated

inthesamewayas

A.murderers.

B.criminals.

C.victimsz

D.adults.

34、Whichofthefollowingdoesthewriterciteasasourceofmoralvoid?

A.Officialcorruption.

B.Socialinjustice.

C.Familyinstability.

D.Racialdiscrimination.

35、WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothispassage?

A.Parentsshouldstrengthenmoralinstruction.

B.Schoolsshouldhelpcreateamoralsenseinchildren.

C.Lawenforcementagenciesshoulddomoretohelpchildrenunderstand

laws.

D.Youthorganizationsplaynoroleinbuildingcharacter.

%一^扁

Hacking

Peopletendtothinkofcomputersasisolatedmachineszworkingawayall

bythemselves.Somedo--personalcomputerwithoutanoutsidelink,like

someone1shideaway（隱蔽的）cabininthewoods.Butjustasmostofhomesare

tiedtoacommunitybystreetszbusroutesandelectriclines,computersthat

exchangeintelligencearepartofacommunity—local,nationalandevenglobal

networkjoinedbytelephoneconnections.

Thecomputernetworkisacreationoftheelectricage,butitisbased

onold-fashionedtrust.Itcannotworkwithouttrust.Arogueloose（為所

欲為的無(wú)賴）inacomputersystemcalledhacker（黑客）isworsethanathief

enteringyourhouse.Hecouldgothroughanyone1selectronicmailoraddto,

change,distortordeleteanythingintheinformationstoredinthecomputer1s

memory.Hecouldeventakecontroloftheentiresystembyplacinghisown

instructionsinthesoftwarethatrunsit.Hecouldshutthecomputerdown

wheneverhewished,andnoonecouldstophim.Thenhecouldprogramthecomputer

toeraseanysignofhiseve-havingbeenthere.

Hacking,ourelectronic-agetermforcomputerbreak-in,ismoreandmore

inthenews—brainykidsvandalizinguniversityrecords,evenpranking（胡

鬧）aboutinsupposedlysafeguardedsystems.Tothosewhounderstandhowcomputer

networksareincreasinglyregulatinglifeinthelate20ricentury,theseare

notlaughingmatters.Apotentialfordisasterisbuilding：Adissatisfied

formerinsurance-companyemployeewipesoutinformationfrompayroll（工資

表）files.Astudentsendsouta"virus"zasecretanddestructivecommand,

overanationalnetwork.Theviruscopiesitselfatlightningspeed,jamming

theentirenetwork—thousandsofacademic,commercialandgovernmentcomputer

systems.Suchdisastrouscaseshavealreadyoccurred.Nowexiststhepossibility

ofterrorismbycomputer.Spoilingasystemresponsibleforair-trafficcontrol

atabusyairport,orknockingoutthetelephonesofamajorcity,isarelatively

easywaytospreadpanic.Yetneitherbusinessnorgovernmenthasdoneenough

totoughenitsdefensesagainstattack.Foronething,suchdefensesare

expensive；foranother,theymayinterruptcommunicationmthemainreason

forusingcomputersinthefirstplace.

36、Thewritermentionsnathief"inthesecondparagraph

A.toshowthatahackerismoredangerousthanathief.

B.totellpeoplethatthievesliketostealcomputersnowadays.

C.todemandthataprotectivecomputersystemshouldbesetupagainst

thieves.

D.todemonstratethathackersandthievesarethesamepeople.

37、Theword"vandalizingHinLine17means

A.Hstealing".

B."creating,,.

C."destroying”.

D."updating11.

38、AccordingtothepassagezwhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Hackingisalsoknownascomputerbreak-in.

B.Expertsoncomputernetworksconsiderhackingnothingserious.

C.Hackingisawidespreadconcern.

D.Hackingispotentiallydisastrous.

39、WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasaninstanceof

attackbyahacker?

A.Deletinginformationinthecomputer1smemory.

B.Shuttingdownthecomputerwheneverhewishes.

C.Enteringyourhousetosteal.

D.Spoilingasystemforairtraffic.

40、Oneofthereasonswhybusinessorgovernmenthasnottakentoughmeasures

tostophackingisthat

A.itwillcausefearamongthepublic.

B.hackinghasnotcausedmuchdamage.

C.toughmeasuresareillegal.

D.communicationmaybeinterrupted.

—

Space-AgeArcheology

It1sastrangepartnership,butaveryeffectiveone：Satellitesand

space-shuttle-carriedradararehelpingarcheologists.How?By"seeing11

throughsandorthroughtreetopstolocateimportantarcheologicalsites.

Thetraditionaltoolsofarcheologistsareshovelsandpicks.Buthigh

technologyismakingthearcheologist1sworkandtimefarmoreproductive.

Takezforexample,thesecond1981flightoftheSpaceShuttleChallenger.

Duringthatmission,apowerful,experimentalradarwaspointedatalifeless

stretchofdesertinEgyptcalledtheSelimaSandSheet（partoftheSahara

Desert）.Toeveryone*ssurprise,theradarpenetratedthroughthesandto

theharderrockbeneath.Onthesurface,thereisalittleindicationthat

Africa*sSaharaDesertwasneveranythingbutadesert.Whenthearcheologists

studiedtheradarimages,theysawwhatseemedtobeimpossible：therewas

sand-buriedlandscape.thatwasshapedbyflowingwater；tracesofancient

riverbedsappearedtobeoverninemileswide,farwiderthanmostsections

ofthepresent-dayNileRiver.Today,theareaisoneofthehottestzdriest

desertintheworld.

Archeologistsdugpitsalongtheoldriverbanksandfoundcluestothe

past：stream-roundedpebbles（鵝卵石），Stone-Ageaxes,brokenostrich（鴕鳥(niǎo)）

eggshells,andtheshellsoflandsnails.Thearcheologistswerequitepleased

withthesefindings.Foryears,they'dbeenfindingstoneaxesscatteredthrough,

1

the-desertzandcouldn1understandwhy.Nowweknowthatearlyhumanswere

livingonthebanksofoldrivers,andlefttheirbeautifultoolsbehind.

Somearesosharpthatyoucouldshavewiththem.

Morerecently,Landsat4,aspecialEarth-mappingsatellite,aidedinthe

discoveryofancientMayanruinsinMexico.Landsatcan,withthehelpof

false-colorimagery,"seethrough"muchofthearea.Armedwiththesemaps,

afive-personexpeditiontooktotheairinahelicopter.

Bytheendofthesecondday,theteamfoundastretchofwalledfields

thatexpeditionmemberssaidlooklike"oldNewEnglandfencesH.Theyjust

goon,non-stop,for40miles.Laterintheweek,anancientvillagewaspinpointed,

1

aswasthe"lost"cityofOxpemulzoncefoundintheearly1930sbutquickly

reclaimedbythejungle.Thefindingsmadethemabletomaptheextentof

theMayancivilizationinaboutfivedays.Workingonfootzitwould,have

takenatleast100years.

41>Withthehelpofthespace-shuttie-carriedradar,archeologistsfound

A.anewstretchoftheSaharadesert.

B.tracesofancientriverbedsundertheSaharaDesert.

C.sometraditionalarcheologicaltoolsintheSaharaDesert.

D.amountainbeneaththeSaharaDesert.

42、Whichofthefollowingistrueofthesand-buriedlandscape?

A.Itwasanoldavenue.

B.Itwasanundergroundriver.

C.Itwasshapedbyflowingwater.

D.ItwasshapedbytheoldNileRiver.

43、Thestr