河南省濮陽(yáng)市普通高中2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題【含答案解析】

濮陽(yáng)市普通高中2023—2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)全卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)、考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題的答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.Howdidthewomanknowthegoodnews?A.Throughatext.B.Throughane-mail.C.Throughaletter.3.Wherearethespeakers?AIntherestaurant.B.Inthesupermarket.C.Inthekitchen.4.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.20dollars.B.30dollars.C.45dollars.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Playersinthedancingcontest.B.Theresultofthedancingcontest.C.Theexperienceofpracticingdancing.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.What’swrongwithAileen?A.Shefeelsupset.B.Shehasastomachache.C.Sheissufferingafever.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodonext?A.Gotoseeadoctor.B.Stopeatinganything.C.Buysomefreshmeat.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whydoesthemancometothepark?A.Toloseweight.B.Tomeetnewfriends.C.Toenjoythefreshair.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheoftencomestothepark.B.Sheisfamiliarwiththeman.C.Sheisworriedabouthershape.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howwillthewomanspendherholiday?A.BytouringaroundSpain.B.Byworkingasawaitress.C.Byhangingoutwithfriends.11.Whydoesthemanworkpart-time?A.Tobuymorebooks.B.Tosavemoneyforcollege.C.Tosaveuptoliveoutside.12.WhatdoesMrsTylerprobablydo?A.Ateacher.B.Alibrarian.C.Arestaurantmanager.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Friends.C.Brotherandsister.14.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouthernewjob?A.Excited.B.Honored.C.Proud.15.Whydoesthewomanfeelupset?A.Thenewenvironmentischallenging.B.Shefailstogetreadyforthenewjob.C.Shewon’tbeabletoattendtohersister.16.Whatdoesthewomanwishtodo?A.Workathome.B.Seehernewbaby.C.MovetoCalifornia.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whendoesthespeakergivethespeech?A.Attheendofaterm.B.Atthestartofaterm.C.Inthemiddleofaterm.18.Whichofthefollowingmonth’soutlinehaschanged?A.September’s.B.October’s.C.November’s.19.WhatwastheoriginalduedateforProject3?A.December3.B.December10.C.December17.20.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Museumvisitors.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInternationalShakeOutDayThisYearThisyear’sInternationalShakeOutDayisOctober17,whenmillionsofpeopleworldwidewilltakepartinearthquakedrills(演習(xí))atwork,school,orhome!Itisagreatwayforyourfamilyororganizationtobecomebetterpreparedtosurviveandrecoverquicklyfrombigearthquakes.At10:17am(localtime)on10/17,youcanjoinmillionsofpeopleacrosstheworldinpracticingearthquakesafety.Whileweencourageeveryonetotakepart,youcansignupforyourShakeOutdrillforanydayoftheyear,anddrillatatimeofyourchoice.Youcanalsoincludepeopleindifferentlocationsthroughvideos.FINDYOURREGION·Mostparticipants(參與者)areinoneoftheofficialShakeOutRegionslistedbelowthepage(withcurrentsign-uptotals).Peopleandorganizationsinothercountriescanalsosignup.·AllregionstakepartinitonOctober17,2024,unlessspecified.(AsofToday)GlobalTotalsUSTotalsOct.17,2024DrillsOver270,000Over260,000All2024DrillsOver1.10millionOver950,000All2023DrillsOver57.3millionOver19.3millionShakeOutbeganinCaliforniaandhasalsobeenorganizedinmanyotherstatesandcountries.OfficialShakeOutRegionsrequirespeciallocalorregionalcooperation,typicallybyanemergency(緊急情況)managementagencyoraunionofmanyorganizations.IfyouareinterestedinestablishingShakeOutforyourregion,pleasecontactusat.Ifyourstate,province,orcountryisnotyettakingpart,youcansignupforyourselforyourorganizationaspartoftheglobalparticipationtotal.1.Whatisthepurposeoftheactivity?A.Toraisepeople’ssafetyawareness.B.Tostressthechallengesofearthquakes.C.Tohelppeoplegetreadyforanearthquake.D.Towarnpeopleofthedangerofearthquakes.2.Howmanypeopleworldwidetookpartinthedrillsin2023?A.Over270,000. B.Over950,000.C.Over57.3million. D.Over19.3million.3.Whereisthetextfrom?A.Awebsite. B.Abookreview.C.Aguidebook. D.Adiaryentry.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了今年的國(guó)際地震演習(xí)活動(dòng)，主要包括其目的、參與方式、參與人數(shù)和發(fā)展歷史等信息?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itisagreatwayforyourfamilyororganizationtobecomebetterpreparedtosurviveandrecoverquicklyfrombigearthquakes.(對(duì)于你的家庭或組織來說，這是一個(gè)很好的方法，可以讓你更好地準(zhǔn)備好從大地震中生存和快速恢復(fù)。)”可推知，該活動(dòng)的目的是通過演習(xí)幫助人們?yōu)榈卣鹱龊脺?zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FINDYOURREGION部分表格中“All2023Drills(2023年所有演習(xí))”對(duì)應(yīng)的“GlobalTotalsOver57.3million(全球總數(shù)：超過5730萬)”可知，2023年，全球有超過5730萬人參加了演習(xí)。故選C項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)FINDYOURREGION部分第一點(diǎn)中“Mostparticipants(參與者)areinoneoftheofficialShakeOutRegionslistedbelowthepage(withcurrentsign-uptotals).(大多數(shù)參與者都在頁(yè)面下方列出的官方篩選區(qū)域之一(含當(dāng)前的注冊(cè)總數(shù)))?！笨赏浦?，該文章來自一個(gè)網(wǎng)站頁(yè)面。故選A項(xiàng)。BNewYearhasmanyinterestingstories,andhereisoneofthemtoldbyaTikToker.Theoriginalposterworksasaschoolteacher,andeveryNewYear,shetriestobringjoytoherstudents.Thistime,itturnedoutespeciallygreatand5.8millionviewsontheoriginalvideoisthebestconfirmationofthis!Theteacher’smotherlovestoknit(針織)andinvitedherdaughtertoplayalittlegamewiththestudents.OnNewYear’sEve,theoriginalposterinvitedtheschoolchildrentodrawforthemselvesthe“winterhatoftheirdreams”.Everyonedidso,butnooneevendoubtedwhatwouldhappennext.Thekidseagerlydrewcutehats,andtheteacher’smommadetheirimaginationcometrue.Itturnedoutamazinglygreat,andthevideooftheteacherstartingtohandouthatstotheclasswentevenmoreviral(走紅的),collectinganunbelievable50.4millionviewsandcounting.Thelargemajorityofpeopleinthecommentsgavethisteacherthebestpraise—andtoherwonderfulmomaswell.Afterall,assomecommentshavepointedout,noteveryoneactuallyrealizeshowmuchwork,timeandlovegoesintothesesmallhats.“Hatsofftoyourmom,she’samazing!”oneofthecommenterswrote.Andpeoplealsobelievethatinourtimeitisabsolutelypricelesswhenateacherreallyputstheirsoulintotheeducationalprocess.Peopletrulydon’trealizethatthisistheteaching.Passion(激情),deeploveandhardworkcharacterizethisprofession.“Thankyoutoyouandyourmom!”—perhapsthiswasthebestcomment,andweshouldonlyjoininthegratitude.ItisanotherwonderfulNewYearstory,anotherexpressionofcareandkindness.4.Whatdoestheteachertrydoingtoherstudents?A.Helpingthemout. B.Brighteningtheirlives.C.Rewardingtheirefforts. D.Encouragingthemtostudy.5.Whocameupwiththeideaofknittinghatsforthekids?A.Theteacher. B.Thestudents.C.Theteacher’smother. D.Oneofthecommenters.6.What’stheattitudeofmostpeopletowardstheteacher’saction?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive. C.Confused. D.Unclear.7Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressthroughthestory?A.Thenatureofeducationislove.B.Alwaysprepareforarainyday.C.Teachkidsaccordingtotheirinterests.D.Doingone’sbestmeansoneshouldneverstoptrying.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了一個(gè)教師和她的母親在新年期間為學(xué)生們編織夢(mèng)想的冬帽的故事?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theoriginalposterworksasaschoolteacher,andeveryNewYear,shetriestobringjoytoherstudents.”（原帖作者是一名學(xué)校教師，每到新年，她都試圖給她的學(xué)生帶來快樂。）可推知，教師試圖給她的學(xué)生帶來快樂，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theteacher’smotherlovestoknit(針織)andinvitedherdaughtertoplayalittlegamewiththestudents.”（教師的母親喜歡編織，并邀請(qǐng)她的女兒和學(xué)生們玩一個(gè)小游戲。）根據(jù)第三段“theteacher’smommadetheirimaginationcometrue.”（老師的媽媽讓他們的想象變成了現(xiàn)實(shí)。）可推知，是教師的母親提出為孩子們編織帽子的想法，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thelargemajorityofpeopleinthecommentsgavethisteacherthebestpraise—andtoherwonderfulmomaswell.”（評(píng)論中的大多數(shù)人都給了這位教師最好的贊揚(yáng)，也贊揚(yáng)了她的母親。）可知，大多數(shù)人對(duì)教師的行動(dòng)持支持態(tài)度，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Peopletrulydon’trealizethatthisistheteaching.Passion(激情),deeploveandhardworkcharacterizethisprofession.”（人們真的沒有意識(shí)到這就是教學(xué)。激情，深深的愛和辛勤的工作是這個(gè)職業(yè)的特征。）可推知，作者想通過這個(gè)故事表達(dá)的是教育的本質(zhì)是愛，故選A。CIfyouweretoliftupthekeysofyourkeyboard,andtakealookbelow,you’dprobablybemetwithaterriblescene.“Wecleanourhomesbutmostofusneverthinktocleanourkeyboards,”RebeccaPark,anadvancedpracticenurse,says.“Ourkeyboardscanactuallyholdhighlevelsofbacteria(細(xì)菌),”Parksays.“Themostcommonbacteriathatarefoundonourkeyboardstendtoliveonourskin,mouth,andnose.Thesearethencarriedtoourkeyboards,usuallybyourhands.”Andaccordingtoonestudy,thisismorelikelywhenmanypeopleusethesamekeyboard,andeachbringstheirownbacteriatothetable.Thatsaid,touchingbacteria-coveredsurfacesalldaylong,andthentouchingyourface,canimpactyourskin.“Dirtyelectronicdevicesareacommoncauseofmoreacne(粉刺)breakouts,”DrYoramHarthexplains.Inanotherstudy,researcherscollectedsamples(樣本)from300keyboardsandfoundthatallofthemhadbacteria.“Theauthorsconcludedthatthepresenceofinfective(感染性的)bacteriaontheseobjectsindicatesthattheymightbeacauseforthespreadofskininfections,”Harthsays.“Similaroverloadsofbacteriawerealsofoundonsmartphonetouchscreensandcomputermiceandheadphones.”It’snotsomethingyounecessarilyhavetothinktoomuchabout,butitneverhurtstobeawareofsurfaceswithbacteria,andtakeafewextrapreventionsteps.“Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”Dothis,andyouwon’tcarryasmuchbacteriatoyourkeyboard,andthenbacktoyourface,andsoistheopposite.Itcanalsoensureyouwon’tbecloggingyourkeyswithbitsfromfood,especiallyifyougetrightbacktotypingaftereatinglunch.8.Whatdothetwostudiesfind?A.Mostpeoplenevercleantheirkeyboards.B.Mostofthebacteriaonthekeyboardsareharmless.C.Mostacnebreakoutsarerelatedtothekeyboarduse.D.Mostelectronicdeviceshavebacteriaontheirsurfaces.9.Whichwayissuggestedinthetexttoavoidthespreadofbacteria?A.Cleanthekeyboardwithsoapywater.B.Washhandsafterusingthecomputer.C.Weargloveswhenusingthecomputer.D.Avoideatingbeforeusingthecomputer.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“clogging”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Blocking. B.Improving. C.Destroying. D.Replacing.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.UsefulTipsonChoosingaProperKeyboardB.PracticalWaystoProtectYourselffromBacteriaC.WhatYouShouldKeepinMindAboutInfectionD.WhatHappensWhenYouDon’tCleanYourKeyboard【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹我們使用的鍵盤可能會(huì)容納很多細(xì)菌，如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不清理，細(xì)菌會(huì)感染我們的皮膚，并給出預(yù)防細(xì)菌傳播的一些建議?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Andaccordingtoonestudy,thisismorelikelywhenmanypeopleusethesamekeyboard,andeachbringstheirownbacteriatothetable.Thatsaid,touchingbacteria-coveredsurfacesalldaylong,andthentouchingyourface,canimpactyourskin.“Dirtyelectronicdevicesareacommoncauseofmoreacne(粉刺)breakouts,”DrYoramHarthexplains.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)研究，當(dāng)許多人使用同一個(gè)鍵盤時(shí)，這種情況更有可能發(fā)生，每個(gè)人都把自己的細(xì)菌帶到桌子上。)”和第四段“Inanotherstudy,researcherscollectedsamples(樣本)from300keyboardsandfoundthatallofthemhadbacteria.“Theauthorsconcludedthatthepresenceofinfective(感染性的)bacteriaontheseobjectsindicatesthattheymightbeacauseforthespreadofskininfections,”Harthsays.(在另一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員從300個(gè)鍵盤上收集樣本，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們都有細(xì)菌。哈思說：“作者得出的結(jié)論是，這些物品上感染細(xì)菌的存在表明它們可能是皮膚感染傳播的原因。”)”可知兩項(xiàng)研究都表明大多數(shù)電子設(shè)備的表面都有細(xì)菌。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”(帕克說：“防止鍵盤感染傳播的一個(gè)好方法是在使用電腦前后洗手?！薄胺试硭阋詺⑺来蠖鄶?shù)細(xì)菌?！?”可知，防止鍵盤感染傳播的方法是使用電腦前后都要洗手。故選B。【10題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Agoodwaytopreventthespreadofinfectionfromyourkeyboardsistowashyourhandsbeforeandafterusingthecomputer,”Parksays.“Soapywateriseffectiveenoughtokillmostbacteria.”(帕克說：“防止鍵盤感染傳播的一個(gè)好方法是在使用電腦前后洗手?！薄胺试硭阋詺⑺来蠖鄶?shù)細(xì)菌?！?”可知，使用電腦前洗手，可以殺滅大多數(shù)細(xì)菌，根據(jù)最后一段“Dothis,andyouwon’tcarryasmuchbacteriatoyourkeyboard,andthenbacktoyourface,andsoistheopposite.Itcanalsoensureyouwon’tbecloggingyourkeyswithbitsfromfood,especiallyifyougetrightbacktotypingaftereatinglunch.(這樣做，你就不會(huì)把那么多細(xì)菌帶到你的鍵盤上，然后回到你的臉上，反之亦然。它還可以確保你不會(huì)被食物殘?jiān)愕逆I盤，尤其是當(dāng)你吃完午飯后馬上回去打字的時(shí)候。)”中的“yourkeyswithbitsfromfood”推斷，空處應(yīng)該指“食物殘?jiān)氯I盤”，所以clogging意為“堵塞”和blocking同義。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其第一段“Ifyouweretoliftupthekeysofyourkeyboard,andtakealookbelow,you’dprobablybemetwithaterriblescene.“Wecleanourhomesbutmostofusneverthinktocleanourkeyboards,”RebeccaPark,anadvancedpracticenurse,says.(如果你舉起你的鍵盤鍵，看看下面，你可能會(huì)遇到一個(gè)可怕的場(chǎng)景。高級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)護(hù)士麗貝卡?帕克(RebeccaPark)表示：“我們會(huì)打掃房間，但大多數(shù)人從未想過要清潔鍵盤?！?”可知文章主要講述我們使用的鍵盤可能會(huì)容納很多細(xì)菌，如果長(zhǎng)時(shí)間不清理，細(xì)菌會(huì)感染我們的皮膚，并給出預(yù)防細(xì)菌傳播的一些建議。D選項(xiàng)“不清理鍵盤會(huì)發(fā)生什么”能總結(jié)文章的主題，適合作標(biāo)題。故選D。DYouknowthatshortwalktotheshopsandback?It’sabout10minuteseachwayandyoudon’tknowifyoucanbegladtomakethetrip,butthatoneshortwalkcouldsaveyoufromanearlydeath,anewresearchbyCambridgeUniversityshows.Infact,asmanyasonein10earlydeathscouldbepreventedifeveryonemanagedatleasthalftherecommendedlevelofphysicalactivity.Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes(中風(fēng))—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.ThiseasylifestylechangewasalsonotedinanearlierstudyinJanuary,2023,soyoureallyshouldgiveitago.Bycarryingoutstudiesamongatotalofover30millionparticipants,thelatestCambridgeresearchfoundthatjust75minutesofexerciseaweekcanreducetheriskofcancerby7%.Itwasalsoenoughtoreducetheriskofdevelopingcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseby17%.ProfessorJamesWoodcockfromtheMRCEpidemiologyUnitsaid,“Weknowthatphysicalactivity,suchaswalkingorcycling,isgoodforyou,especiallyifyoufeelitraisesyourheartrate.Butwhatwe’vefoundisthattherearemanybenefitstohearthealthandreducingyourriskofcancerevenifyoucanonlymanage10minuteseveryday.”Itgoeswithoutsayingthatdoingtherecommended150minutesperweekismorebeneficialthanjust75minutes.Aroundoneinsixearlydeathswouldbepreventedwiththetwoplushoursofexercise,while11%ofcasesofcardiovasculardiseaseand5%ofcasesofcancerwouldbeavoided.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Bootsweremadeforwalking.12.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thesimplicityofashortwalk.B.Thereasonforpeople’sdeath.C.Thebenefitsofdoingexercise.D.Thechangeinpeople’slifestyle.13.WhatdoProfessorJamesWoodcock’swordsmean?A.Walkingcanalwaysraisepeople’sheartrate.B.Peopleneedatleast75minutes’exerciseaday.C.Physicalactivityisnotthatnecessaryforpeople.D.10minutes’exerciseadaycanmakeadifference.14.Howdoestheauthormainlysupporthisideainthetext?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bydescribingtheprocesses. D.Byreferringtopreviousresearches.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toadvisepeopletoexercise. B.Touncoverthesecretsofhealth.C.Toremindpeopleofsomediseases. D.Tocomparedifferentwaysofexercise.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文，主要講述的是短暫的散步對(duì)健康的益處，以及科學(xué)研究對(duì)此的證實(shí)?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.”（心臟病、中風(fēng)（2019年每年導(dǎo)致1790萬人死亡）和各種癌癥等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都可以通過這種簡(jiǎn)單的短途行走來降低。）可推知，第二段主要講述的是做運(yùn)動(dòng)的好處。故選C【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中JamesWoodcock教授的話“Weknowthatphysicalactivity,suchaswalkingorcycling,isgoodforyou,especiallyifyoufeelitraisesyourheartrate.Butwhatwe’vefoundisthattherearemanybenefitstohearthealthandreducingyourriskofcancerevenifyoucanonlymanage10minuteseveryday.”（我們知道，像走路或騎自行車這樣的體育活動(dòng)對(duì)你有好處，特別是如果你覺得它能提高你的心率。但我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，即使你每天只能做10分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)，也有許多對(duì)心臟健康和降低癌癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的好處。）可推知，每天10分鐘的運(yùn)動(dòng)就可以帶來改變。故選D。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Risksofdiseasessuchasheartdisease,strokes—whichwereresponsiblefor17.9milliondeathsperyearin2019—andvariouscancersareallreducedwiththissimpleshortwalk.”（心臟病、中風(fēng)（2019年每年導(dǎo)致1790萬人死亡）和各種癌癥等疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都可以通過這種簡(jiǎn)單的短途行走來降低。）根據(jù)第三段“just75minutesofexerciseaweekcanreducetheriskofcancerby7%.Itwasalsoenoughtoreducetheriskofdevelopingcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseby17%.”（每周只需75分鐘的鍛煉就可以將癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低7%。它還足以將發(fā)展心血管疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)降低17%。）根據(jù)最后一段“Itgoeswithoutsayingthatdoingtherecommended150minutesperweekismorebeneficialthanjust75minutes.Aroundoneinsixearlydeathswouldbepreventedwiththetwoplushoursofexercise,while11%ofcasesofcardiovasculardiseaseand5%ofcasesofcancerwouldbeavoided.”（不用說，每周鍛煉150分鐘比僅僅鍛煉75分鐘更有益。大約六分之一的早期死亡可以通過兩個(gè)多小時(shí)的鍛煉來避免，而11%的心血管疾病和5%的癌癥病例可以避免。）可知，作者主要是通過列數(shù)字支持他的觀點(diǎn)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段“Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?Bootsweremadeforwalking.”（那你還在等什么？靴子是用來走路的。）是對(duì)全文的總結(jié)，可以推斷，作者寫作該篇文章的目的是建議人們進(jìn)行鍛煉。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Doyouhaveagoalyouwanttoachievebeforeyournextbirthday?Orbytheendofthedecade,perhaps?Weoftenhearabouttheimportanceofsettinggoals.____16____Wemaythinkofthesegoalsasthekeytoourhappiness—achievethemandeverythingwillbeperfect.____17____You’vethought,“Isthatit?”O(jiān)r,“Nowwhat?”Thatfeelinghasaname“arrivalfallacy(到達(dá)謬論)”—themisunderstandingthatreachingourgoalswillbringuslastinghappiness.Whetherit’sanewjob,owningyourdreamhomeoranythingelse—theremightbesomejoyatfirst,butifyou’reexperiencingarrivalfallacy,thatmaybefollowedbyemptinessandpressuretoachievesomethingnew.____18____Andachievingourgoalsisenoughtomakeushappy?Notalways.Accordingtoexperts,wemightbeoverestimating(高估)thehappinessthatsuchachievementswillbring.AndsocialscientistAdamDorrsaysweoftenmakethemistakeofimaginingourgoalasafixedobject,whenit’sjustpartoftheprocessoflife.Anotherdifferentideaexplainsthatarrivalfallacydoesn’tmeanweshouldn’tsetourselvesgoals—infact,weneedthemtohelpgiveourlivesfocus.Aswellaslargethings,ourgoalsshouldincludemanysmallthings,likehelpingoutmorearoundthehouseorspendingmoretimewithfamily.____19____Ifwereallywanttobeatarrivalfallacy,wealsohavetoworkoutwhatmakesushappy.____20____Toomanyofusspendoursparemomentsonsocialmediaandpaylessattentiontowhoandwhatisaroundus.A.Sowhydoesthishappen?B.Eventhinkingofthemhelpstocheerusup.C.However,noteveryoneagreeswiththisidea.D.Achievingourgoalsusuallytakeslotsofeffort.E.Theyaresmallbutimportantandtheydon’tjustend.F.Buthaveyoueverreachedagoalwithoutfeelinghappy?G.Andspendingtimewithpeoplewecareaboutisoftennumberoneforhappiness.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。這篇文章主要討論了“到達(dá)謬論”的概念，即認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)會(huì)帶來持久幸福的誤解。文章建議，除了追求大目標(biāo)外，我們還應(yīng)該關(guān)注生活中的小事，并思考真正讓我們快樂的因素?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Weoftenhearabouttheimportanceofsettinggoals.

(我們經(jīng)常聽說設(shè)定目標(biāo)的重要性。)”可知，我們經(jīng)常聽說設(shè)定目標(biāo)的重要性。B選項(xiàng)“Eventhinkingofthemhelpstocheerusup.(甚至是想到它們也能讓我們振作起來。)”中的them指代前文的goals，形成呼應(yīng)即當(dāng)我們聽到目標(biāo)的時(shí)候就會(huì)讓我們振奮起來，該選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Wemaythinkofthesegoalsasthekeytoourhappiness—achievethemandeverythingwillbeperfect.(我們可能認(rèn)為這些目標(biāo)是我們幸福的關(guān)鍵——實(shí)現(xiàn)它們，一切都會(huì)變得完美。)”以及后文“

Thatfeelinghasaname“arrivalfallacy(到達(dá)謬論)”—themisunderstandingthatreachingourgoalswillbringuslastinghappiness.(這種感覺被稱為“到達(dá)謬誤”——一種誤解，認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)會(huì)給我們帶來持久的幸福。)”可知，前文提出實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)給我們帶來的好處，后文提出了“到達(dá)謬誤”這一相反觀點(diǎn)。由此可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)該與上一段構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出本段“到達(dá)謬誤”的話題。F選項(xiàng)“Buthaveyoueverreachedagoalwithoutfeelinghappy?(但是你是否曾經(jīng)達(dá)到一個(gè)目標(biāo)卻沒有感到快樂？)”符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Whetherit’sanewjob,owningyourdreamhomeoranythingelse—theremightbesomejoyatfirst,butifyou’reexperiencingarrivalfallacy,thatmaybefollowedbyemptinessandpressuretoachievesomethingnew.(無論是一份新工作，擁有你夢(mèng)想中的房子還是其他任何事情，一開始可能會(huì)有一些快樂，但如果你經(jīng)歷了“到達(dá)謬誤”，那么隨之而來的可能是空虛和實(shí)現(xiàn)新事物的壓力。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)無論是新工作還是其他任何事情，最初都會(huì)讓自己有一些喜悅，可是如果正在經(jīng)歷“到達(dá)謬誤”，隨之而來可能是空虛的感受。后文應(yīng)該對(duì)此進(jìn)行解釋。A選項(xiàng)“Sowhydoesthishappen?(為什么會(huì)這樣呢？)”對(duì)上述現(xiàn)象提出質(zhì)疑。同時(shí)根據(jù)下文“Accordingtoexperts,wemightbeoverestimating(高估)thehappinessthatsuchachievementswillbring.

(據(jù)專家稱，我們可能高估了這些成就將帶來的快樂。)”對(duì)前文的現(xiàn)象做出解釋，A選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Aswellaslargethings,ourgoalsshouldincludemanysmallthings,likehelpingoutmorearoundthehouseorspendingmoretimewithfamily.(除了大事，我們的目標(biāo)還應(yīng)該包括很多小的事情，比如在家里多幫忙，或者花更多的時(shí)間和家人在一起。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)除了大事，我們應(yīng)該也要從小事著手。E選項(xiàng)“Theyaresmallbutimportantandtheydon’tjustend.(它們雖小但很重要，它們不會(huì)就此結(jié)束。)”中的they指代前文的smallthings，承接前文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Ifwereallywanttobeatarrivalfallacy,wealsohavetoworkoutwhatmakesushappy.(如果我們真的想打敗“到達(dá)謬論”，我們還必須弄清楚是什么讓我們快樂。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)為了解決“到達(dá)謬誤”我們必須要弄清楚什么讓我們快樂。G選項(xiàng)“Andspendingtimewithpeoplewecareaboutisoftennumberoneforhappiness.(花時(shí)間和我們關(guān)心的人在一起往往是幸福的第一要素。)”承接前文，makeushappy與forhappiness形成呼應(yīng)，指出花時(shí)間和關(guān)心的人在一些就是能夠讓我們快樂的事，該選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GrowingupinBethlehemPennsylvania,OliverJamesunderstandsthepowerofwords.Hisinabilitytoreadandwriteheldhim____21____fromsuccessforyears.In2020,Jamesdecidedtomakea____22____andstartedtoteachhimselfhowtoread.Then,in2022,hestartedaTikTokaccountto____23____hisreadingjourney.Alongtheway,Jameshas____24____millionswithhisstoriesaboutsuccessandstruggles.His____25____oftenfeaturehimreadingaloudfromthelatestbookoffhismust-readlist.Letterbyletter,wordbyword,James’____26____ledhimtospeakoutabouttheimportanceofliteracy(識(shí)字)toabroadaudience,whichledtoapodium(講臺(tái))inWashington,inOctober2023toreadanacceptance____27____fortheBarbaraBushNationalLiteracyHonorsAward.Jamestalkedabouthis____28____beforetheeventwithPeopleMagazine,mainlyaboutreadinghisspeechfromateleprompter(提詞器).“Iwasnervous,”hesaid.“ButknowingthatIwasabouttospeakinfrontofallthosepeoplewas____29____.ItwasanexperiencethatI’llnever_____30_____.”Inarecentinterview,Jamessaidthatnowhe_____31_____readsbedtimestoriestohis1-year-oldsonatnight.Healsohopesthatashe_____32_____improvinghisreadingandwriting,hecangrowhisinspirationalspeakingcareer(事業(yè))toencourageothersto_____33_____theirdreams,nomatterhowdifficultitis.“ItfeelslikeIfoundmy_____34_____inlife,”hesaidintheinterview.“I’mfinally_____35_____theworld.”21.A.on B.back C.up D.out22.A.living B.wish C.comment D.change23.A.share B.receive C.design D.discover24.A.confused B.inspired C.frightened D.cured25.A.cartoons B.examinations C.videos D.interviews26.A.promise B.support C.failure D.effort27.A.speech B.report C.research D.letter28.A.anger B.pride C.anxiety D.honor29.A.exciting B.natural C.familiar D.tough30.A.regret B.forget C.expect D.select31.A.gradually B.formally C.regularly D.obviously32.A.begins B.avoids C.considers D.continues33.A.design B.follow C.check D.prove34.A.power B.method C.purpose D.source35.A.contributingto B.lookinginto C.benefitingfrom D.meetingwith【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了來自賓夕法尼亞州伯利恒的奧利弗·詹姆斯在2020年自學(xué)了如何閱讀，克服了閱讀和寫作的困難。他于2022年開始在TikTok上分享他的旅程，用他的成功和挑戰(zhàn)的故事激勵(lì)了數(shù)百萬人。他的努力使他開始談?wù)撟R(shí)字的重要性，最終在2023年10月獲得了芭芭拉·布什國(guó)家識(shí)字榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他不會(huì)讀寫，多年來一直妨礙他取得成功。A.(hold)on抓??；B.(hold)back阻礙；C.(hold)up舉起；D.(hold)out堅(jiān)持。根據(jù)上文“Hisinabilitytoreadandwrite”可知，他不會(huì)讀寫，多年來一直妨礙他取得成功，固定短語(yǔ)holdback意為“阻礙，妨礙”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年，詹姆斯決定做出改變，開始自學(xué)閱讀。A.living生計(jì)；B.wish愿望；C.comment評(píng)論；D.change改變。根據(jù)上文提到的詹姆斯不會(huì)讀寫，以及下文“andstartedtoteachhimselfhowtoread.”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示詹姆斯決定做出改變，開始自學(xué)閱讀。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，在2022年，他開設(shè)了一個(gè)TikTok賬戶來分享他的閱讀之旅。A.share分享；B.receive接受；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空前的“hestartedaTikTokaccount”以及空后的“hisreadingjourney”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他開設(shè)了一個(gè)TikTok賬戶來分享他的閱讀之旅。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一路走來，詹姆斯用他的成功和奮斗的故事激勵(lì)了數(shù)百萬人。A.confused使困惑；B.inspired激勵(lì)；C.frightened使害怕；D.cured治愈。根據(jù)下文“hecangrowhisinspirationalspeakingcareer(事業(yè))toencourageothersto____13____theirdreams,nomatterhowdifficultitis.”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示一路走來，詹姆斯用他的成功和奮斗的故事激勵(lì)了數(shù)百萬人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的視頻經(jīng)常以大聲朗讀他必讀清單上最新的書為特色。A.cartoons卡通；B.examinations考試；C.videos視頻；D.interviews采訪。根據(jù)上文“hestartedaTikTokaccount”可知，他經(jīng)常在視頻中大聲朗讀他必讀清單上最新的書。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)字母接一字母，一個(gè)詞接一個(gè)詞，詹姆斯的努力讓他向廣大觀眾說出了識(shí)字的重要性，這讓他在2023年10月在華盛頓的一個(gè)講臺(tái)上宣讀了芭芭拉·布什國(guó)家識(shí)字榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)的獲獎(jiǎng)感言。A.promise承諾；B.support支持；C.failure失??；D.effort努力。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及下文“l(fā)edhimtospeakoutabouttheimportanceofliteracytoabroadaudience”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示詹姆斯的努力讓他向廣大觀眾說出了識(shí)字的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)字母接一字母，一個(gè)詞接一個(gè)詞，詹姆斯的努力讓他向廣大觀眾說出了識(shí)字的重要性，這讓他在2023年10月在華盛頓的一個(gè)講臺(tái)上宣讀了芭芭拉·布什國(guó)家識(shí)字榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)的獲獎(jiǎng)感言。A.speech演說，發(fā)言；B.report報(bào)道；C.research研究；D.letter信。根據(jù)下文“mainlyaboutreadinghisspeechfromateleprompter(提詞器).”可知，他在2023年10月在華盛頓的一個(gè)講臺(tái)上宣讀了芭芭拉·布什國(guó)家掃盲榮譽(yù)獎(jiǎng)的演說，獲獎(jiǎng)感言。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：詹姆斯在接受《人物》雜志采訪時(shí)談到了他在活動(dòng)前的焦慮，主要是關(guān)于從提詞器上讀他的演講。A.anger憤怒；B.pride驕傲；C.anxiety焦慮；D.honor榮譽(yù)。根據(jù)下文““Iwasnervous,”hesaid.”由此可知，詹姆斯在接受《人物》雜志采訪時(shí)談到了他在活動(dòng)前的焦慮。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但想到自己即將在這么多人面前演講，我感到很興奮。A.exciting令人興奮的；B.natural自然的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.tough艱難的。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及But可知，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，即雖然他感到焦慮，但想到即將在這么多人面前演講是很令人興奮的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一次我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的經(jīng)歷。A.regret后悔；B.forget忘記；C.expect期待；D.select選擇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及該句中的“ItwasanexperiencethatI’llnever”由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這是一次令詹姆斯永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記的經(jīng)歷。故選B項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：在最近的一次采訪中，詹姆斯說現(xiàn)在他經(jīng)常在晚上給他1歲的兒子讀睡前故事。A.gradually漸漸地；B.formally正式地；C.regularly經(jīng)常；D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)下文“readsbedtimestoriestohis1-year-olds