山西省運(yùn)城市高中聯(lián)合體2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期第一次摸底考試試題含解析

PAGE26-山西省運(yùn)城市中學(xué)聯(lián)合體2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期第一次摸底考試試題（含解析）本試卷總共分為六部分。滿分150分?？荚嚂r(shí)間120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分20分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whydidthewomanaskthemanforhelp?A.Becauseshegotlost.B.Becauseshewasnotherself.C.Becauseshewantedtobuysomebooks.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofdiet?A.It’safoolishaction.B.Ithelpstoloseweight.C.Itwillmakeonefeelweak.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shehopesforanearlyreply.B.Thereisnoneedforthemantohurry.C.Themancanreadthemenuaslongashelikes.4.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Assistantandcustomer.C.Driverandpassenger.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inabank.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。6WhichisTRUEaccordingtothedialogue?A.ThemanlivedinCleveland.B.Themanwantedtogohackbybusforachange.C.Themanwantedtosavemoneybytakingthebushome.7.Whyarethebusticketscheaperthantraintickets?A.Becauseabustripiseasierthanatraintrip.B.Becauserailwaysaremoreexpensivetobuildthanhighways.C.Becausebustripsarealittlelongerthantraintrips.聽第7段材料，回答第8和第9兩個(gè)小題。8.Howmuchshouldthemanpayifhebuyareturnticket?A.Fivedollars.B.Tendollars.C.Fifteendollars.9.Howlongwillittakethemanifhetakesanexpresstrain?A.Withintwohours.B.Alittleovertwohours.C.Lessthanthreehours.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12三個(gè)小題。10.Wheredoesthedialoguemostprobablyhappen?A.Inauniversity.B.Inacustoms’house.C.Inapolicestation.11.Whyisthemanhere?A.Onapersonaltrip.B.Onavisitingtrip.C.Onabusinesstrip.12.Whathasn'tthemangotwithhiminhisbag?A.Wine.B.Camera.C.Cigarettes.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16四個(gè)小題。13.Whendidthemanleavetheoffice?A.Beforefiveo’clock.B.Atfiveo'clock.C.Afterfiveo’clock.14.Wheredidthemanhavehissupper?A.Inhisoffice.B.Atarestaurant.C.Inthecinema.15.Howlongdidthemovieaboutthewarlast?A.Almostawholenight.B.Nearlyfivehours.C.Aroundthreehours.16.Whattimedidthemangethome?A.Aroundoneo'clock.B.Abouttwenty-oneo'clock.C.Lessthanoneo'clock.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20四個(gè)小題。17.Whatdidthefathermeanbysaying“Pressdownhardonit.”tohisson?A.Pressingthesacksintowaterwithallhisstrength.B.Gettingthesackquicklyoutofthewater.C.Holdingthesackwithgreatstrengthtopreventitfromdroppingintothewater.18.Whydidthefatheralwayssaysomethingagainsthisintention?A.Becausehissonalwaysdidtheopposite.B.Becausehefeltitwasahumorousway.C.Becausehissonwasfondofhisfather'sstrangeway.19.Whatdoestheboy’sreplymean?A.Itshowstheboyisclevererthanhisfather.B.Itshowstheboywantstoplayatrickonhisfather.C.Itshowsthattheboyreallyhateshisfather.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthearticle?A.Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrencorrectlyandcommunicatewiththemequally.B.Parentsshouldteachtheirchildrenhowtodotheoppositething.C.Childrenshouldn'tdowhattheirparentstellthemtodo.其次部分閱讀理解（共20小題：每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMetroPocketGuideMetrorail(地鐵)EachpassengerneedsafarecardtoenterandgooutUptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelfreewithapayingcustomer.Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.GetonedayofunlimitedMetrorailrideswithaOneDayPass.BuyitfromafarecardmachineinMetrostations.Useitafter9:30a.m.untilclosingonweekdays,andalldayonweekendsandholidays.HoursofServiceOpen:5a.m.Mon.-Fri.7a.m.Sat.—Sun.Close:midnightSun.—Thur.3a.m.Fri.—-Sat.nightsLasttraintimesvary.Toavoidmissingthelasttrain,pleasecheckthelasttraintimespostedinthestations.MetrobusWhenpayingwithexactchange,thefareis$1.35andwhenpayingwithaSmarTripcard,thefareis$1.25FaresfortheSenior/disabledcustomersSeniorcitizens65andolderanddisabledcustomersmayrideforhalftheregularfare.OnMetrorailandMetrobus,useasenior/disabledfarecardorSmarTripcard.Formoreinformationaboutbuyingsenior/disabledfarecards,SmarTripcardsandpasses,pleasevisitMetroOpenDoors.comorcall202-637-7000and202-637-8000.SeniorcitizensanddisabledcustomerscangetfreeguideonhowtouseproperMetrobusandMetrorailservicesbycalling202-962-1100Traveltips●Avoidridingduringweekdayrushperiods–before9:30a.m.andbetween4and6p.m.●Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat202-962-1195.1.Whatshouldyouknowaboutfarecardmachines?A.Theystartsellingticketsat9:30a.m.B.Theyareconnectedtochangemachines.C.Theyofferspecialservicetotheelderly.D.Theymakechangefornomorethan$5.2.WhatisgoodaboutaSmarTripcard?A.Itisconvenientforoldpeople. B.Itsavesmoneyforitsusers.C.itcanbeboughtatanytime. D.itissoldontheInternet.3.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyoulosesomethingontheMetro?A.202-962-1195 B.202-962-1100C.202-637-7000 D.202-637-8000【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【分析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章是一份地鐵運(yùn)用指南，它具體地介紹了地鐵的運(yùn)營(yíng)時(shí)間、購(gòu)票實(shí)惠及留意事項(xiàng)等信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Metrorail部分其次段中的“Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.”可知，請(qǐng)乘客帶上小面額鈔票，因?yàn)檐囌緵](méi)有零錢機(jī)，而票卡機(jī)最多只能供應(yīng)5美元的零錢。即票卡機(jī)供應(yīng)的零錢不超過(guò)5美元。故選D。【2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Metrobus部分中的“Whenpayingwithexactchange,thefareis$1.35andwhenpayingwithaSmarTripcard,thefareis$1.25”可知，當(dāng)旅客付零錢買票時(shí)，票價(jià)是1.35美元，而運(yùn)用SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）付款時(shí)，票價(jià)為1.25美元。因此運(yùn)用SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）的好處是為用戶節(jié)約金錢。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Traveltips部分中的“Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat202-962-1195.”可知，假如你在地鐵巴士上，地鐵車廂內(nèi)或車站里丟失了東西，請(qǐng)致電202-962-1195，與失物招領(lǐng)處聯(lián)系。故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題簡(jiǎn)述提問(wèn)文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的選擇題是閱讀理解題中的常見題型，用來(lái)考查考生對(duì)文章內(nèi)涵（即事務(wù)發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、發(fā)展過(guò)程和結(jié)局等方面）的理解。如何回答細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題？提問(wèn)文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的選擇題一般針對(duì)文章中某個(gè)特定細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)或涉及若干細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，圍繞文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的命題大部分題目都可以在原文中找到答案，或者須要略微變通一下，找尋文中關(guān)鍵詞的同義詞或釋意。例如小題2：依據(jù)Metrobus部分中的“Whenpayingwithexactchange,thefareis$1.35andwhenpayingwithaSmarTripcard,thefareis$1.25”可知，當(dāng)旅客付零錢買票時(shí)，票價(jià)是1.35美元，而運(yùn)用SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）付款時(shí)，票價(jià)為1.25美元。因此運(yùn)用SmarTrip（智能旅行卡）的好處是為用戶節(jié)約金錢。故選B。BSurvivingHurricaneSandy(颶風(fēng)桑迪)NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse.“It’stheoceanthatmakesRockawaysospecial,”shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoceanturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie’sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecity’sbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie’sfriendshadlosttheirhomesandwerelivingfaraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelpingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan’tcontrolwhathappenstome,”Nataliesays.“butIcanalwayschoosehowIdealwithit.”Natalie’schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.NataliepostedintroductionaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrick’scollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworkedwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-needsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars(創(chuàng)痕)ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt.“Ican’timaginelivinganywherebutRockaway,”Nataliedeclares.“Myneighborhoodwillbeback,evenstrongerthanbefore.”4.WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound______.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlives.B.herneighborhoodwasdestroyed.C.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklyn.D.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering.5.Accordingtoparagraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuild.B.Thepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuilding.C.Thevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivors.D.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople.6.HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.Shegavehertoystothekids.B.Shetookcareofyoungerchildren.C.ShecalledontheWhiteHousetohelp.D.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform.7.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Littlepeoplecanmakeabigdifference.B.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.C.EastorWest,homeisbest.D.Technologyispower.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.A【解析】Natalie是一個(gè)14歲的孩子，她生活的地方Brooklyn遭到了颶風(fēng)桑迪的攻擊，受災(zāi)嚴(yán)峻。看到人們?cè)趲椭亦l(xiāng)重建，Natalie也加入進(jìn)去，Natalie創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)站來(lái)共享求助信息，幫助捐贈(zèng)者找到須要的受助者。Natalie的行為得到了社會(huì)的認(rèn)可和表?yè)P(yáng)?！?題詳解】段落大意題。A項(xiàng)文章未提及；依據(jù)第三段“Natalie’sschoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn”可知學(xué)校沒(méi)有搬走，而是短暫去Brooklyn上學(xué)，解除C；依據(jù)“peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly”解除D；依據(jù)“WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.”可知他們的街區(qū)被颶風(fēng)毀了，故選B。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.”可知，那些幫助Rockaway復(fù)原重建的人給了Natalie鼓舞，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Shecreatedawebsitepagematchingsurvivorsinneedwithdonorswhowantedtohelp.”可知，Natalie創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)網(wǎng)站來(lái)共享和匹配求助信息和捐贈(zèng)信息，故選D?！?題詳解】寫作意圖題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.”可知，Natalie的助人行為得到了社會(huì)的認(rèn)可和贊揚(yáng)，說(shuō)明小人物也可以有大作為，故選A?？键c(diǎn)：人物故事類短文閱讀?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】故事類文章是高考閱讀理解常選材料之一。這類文章常通過(guò)敘述突出人物性格特征或講解并描述個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)與感悟，以及逸聞趣事。文章的要素有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事務(wù)等。有些是按事務(wù)發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)為主線敘述的，在敘述的過(guò)程中有詳有略；有些是按時(shí)間的依次敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。解題技巧：1、高考選用的此類文章常常為幽默類或情感類故事，其目的或闡明某種觀點(diǎn)，或抨擊某種陋俗，或贊揚(yáng)某種品德，所以要關(guān)注作者表達(dá)的個(gè)人感悟，提出的個(gè)人看法，或故事中出其不意的變更，而這些往往體現(xiàn)文章中心或?qū)懽饕鈭D，屬于必考點(diǎn)。如本題中的第62題：通過(guò)Natalie幫助他人的行為告知讀者小人物也可以有大作為這一道理。2、該類文章語(yǔ)言流暢、好玩，命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事務(wù)之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和看法、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的分辨實(shí)力以及推理推斷實(shí)力。這類文章同學(xué)們常有文章易懂，題目不易做的感覺(jué)。要留意培育自己快速閱讀的習(xí)慣。切不行在個(gè)別難懂的詞句上停留太久，耽擱時(shí)間。3、對(duì)整篇短文內(nèi)容有了肯定的了解后，要立刻看短文后的問(wèn)題，帶著問(wèn)題去選擇或推斷答案。要確定所需查找的信息范圍，并留意所查找信息的特點(diǎn)。例如：假如問(wèn)題或選項(xiàng)涉及到人名、地名，就應(yīng)當(dāng)找首字母大寫的單詞；假如問(wèn)題或選項(xiàng)涉剛好間、日期、數(shù)字，就應(yīng)當(dāng)找尋具體的數(shù)據(jù)。CBasketballfansaroundtheworldaremourningthedeathofAmericansuperstarKobeBryant.BryantwaskilledinahelicoptercrashSundayinCalifornia,alongwithhis13-year-olddaughterGiannaandsevenotherpeople.Hewas41yearsold.Bryantwasan18-timeAll-Starplayer.HewonfiveNBAchampionshipsandtwoOlympicgoldmedals.Hewaswidelyconsideredoneofthegreatestbasketballplayersofhisgenerationduringhis20-yearcareerwiththeLosAngelesLakers.ThehelicoptercarryingBryantandtheotherscrashedintoahillyareainfoggyconditionsoutsideLosAngeles.BryantlivedsouthofLosAngelesandoftenusedhelicopterstotravelaroundtheareatosavetimeandavoidSouthernCaliforniatraffic.Thecauseofthecrashisunderinvestigation.Ittookplaceabout32kilometersfromBryant'sMambaSportsAcademy,abasketballtrainingcenterinNewburyPark,California.BryantwasonhiswaytoattendayouthbasketballcompetitiononSundaywithhisdaughter.Bryantandhiswife,Vanessa,hadfourdaughters.WhenheretiredfromtheNBAin2016,Bryantwasthethird-leadingscorerinNBAhistorywith33,643points.HeiswidelyexpectedtobeelectedtotheNaismithMemorialBasketballHallofFamethisyear.ThebasketballworldandtheLosAngelescommunityreactedtoBryant’sdeathwithanoutpouringofsadness,disbeliefandsupport.Inastatement,NBACommissionerAdamSilversaidBryantwasoneofthegreateststarsinthegame.Butheadded,Hewillberememberedmostforinspiringpeoplearoundtheworldtopickupabasketballandcompetetotheverybestoftheirability.OnTwitter,U.S.PresidentDonaldTrumpnotedtheterriblenews.HecalledBryantoneofthetrulygreatbasketballplayersofalltimewhowasjustgettingstartedinlife.8.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Asciencereport. B.Abiography.C.Atextbook. D.Anewspaper.9.WhatKobeBryantimpressedpeopleintheworldmostwas.A.hisdeath B.hisachievementsC.hisinspiration D.histalent10.Theunderlinedwords“underinvestigation”inParagraph5mean______.A.carefulexamination B.evidenceC.discussion D.argument11.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage?A.HearingthedeathofKobe,fansaroundtheworldwereverysad.B.Therewereninepassengersonboard,includingoneofhisdaughters.C.Bryantwastoattendabasketballcompetitionwithhisdaughter.D.Bryantusedthehelicoptertosavetimeandavoidthetrafficjamonafineday.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道?；@球巨星科比因?yàn)橐馔馊ナ溃澜缁@球愛好者們對(duì)其哀悼。文章簡(jiǎn)述了，科比在籃球生涯中取得的成就?！?題詳解】推理推斷。依據(jù)上下文，文章簡(jiǎn)述了科比去世的時(shí)間地點(diǎn)和緣由。也介紹了科比的出身背景。最終還闡述了科比籃球生涯中所取得的成就。以及全球各地對(duì)其過(guò)世表示哀悼。因此可推斷這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第2段“Butheadded,hewillberememberedmostforinspiringpeoplearoundtheworldtopickupabasketballandcompetetotheverybestoftheirability”可知，他被牢記，因?yàn)樗?lì)了世界各地的人們拿起籃球，盡自己最大的實(shí)力去競(jìng)賽。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。文章第4段提到，科比的直升飛機(jī)在多霧的山區(qū)墜毀。依據(jù)上文分析，第4段的飛機(jī)墜毀緣由應(yīng)當(dāng)是正在調(diào)查。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題。依據(jù)第4段“BryantlivedsouthofLosAngelesandoftenusedhelicopterstotravelaroundtheareatosavetimeandavoidSouthernCaliforniatraffic”可知，科比運(yùn)用直升飛機(jī)的緣由是因?yàn)樗≡谀霞又莺蜑榱斯?jié)約時(shí)間和避開南加州的交通。而并沒(méi)有提到D選項(xiàng)中所謂“好天氣”或“交通堵塞”。故選D項(xiàng)。DWhetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobecomealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.Socialrobotsareabouttobringtechnologytotheeverydayworldinamorehumanizedway,saidCynthiaBreazeal,chiefscientistattherobotcompanyJibo.Whilehouseholdrobotstodaydothenormalhousework,socialrobotswillbemuchmorelikecompanionsthanmeretools.Forexample,theserobotswillbeabletodistinguishwhensomeoneishappyorsad.Thisallowsthemtorespondmoreappropriatelytotheuser.TheJiborobot,arrangedtoshiplaterthisyear,isdesignedtobeapersonalizedassistant.Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.Therobotdoesn’tjustdelivergeneralanswerstoquestions;itrespondsbasedonwhatitlearnsabouteachindividualinthehousehold.Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.Socialrobotsarenotjustfindingtheirwayintothehome.Theyhavepotentialapplicationsineverythingfromeducationtohealthcareandarealreadyfindingtheirwayintosomeofthesespaces.FellowRobotsisonecompanybringingsocialrobotstothemarket.Thecompany’s“Oshbot”robotisbuilttoassistcustomersinastore,whichcanhelpthecustomersfinditemsandhelpguidethemtotheproduct’slocationinthestore.Itcanalsospeakdifferentlanguagesandmakerecommendationsfordifferentitemsbasedonwhatthecustomerisshoppingfor.Themoreinteractiontherobothaswithhumans,themoreitlearns.ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees.“Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus,”saidBreazeal.12.WhatcanaJiborobotdoaccordingtoParagraph3?A.Communicatewithyouandperformoperations.B.Answeryourquestionsandmakerequests.C.Takeyourfamilypicturesanddelivermilk.D.Obeyyourordersandremindyoutotakepills.13.WhatcanOshbotworkas?A.Alanguageteacher. B.Atourguide.C.Ashopassistant. D.Aprivatenurse.14.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatsocialrobotswill______.A.trainemployees B.beourworkmatesC.improvetechnologies D.taketheplaceofworkers15.Whatdoesthepassagemainlypresent?A.Anewdesignideaofhouseholdrobots. B.Marketingstrategiesforsocialrobots.C.Informationonhouseholdrobots. D.Anintroductiontosocialrobots.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了社交機(jī)器人在將來(lái)幾年中不論是在家中還是工作場(chǎng)所都將變得越來(lái)越普遍，它將以更加人性化的方式將技術(shù)帶入日常生活?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Youcantalktotherobot,askitquestions,andmakerequestsforittoperformdifferenttasks.Itcandothingssuchasremindinganelderlyfamilymembertotakemedicineortakingfamilyphotos.”可知，你可以與機(jī)器人對(duì)話，詢問(wèn)機(jī)器人問(wèn)題，并要求其執(zhí)行不同的任務(wù)。機(jī)器可以做一些事情，例如：提示年老的家庭成員吃藥或拍照。因此該機(jī)器人可以聽從人的吩咐并提示其服藥。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Thecompany’s“Oshbot”robotisbuilttoassistcustomersinastore,whichcanhelpthecustomersfinditemsandhelpguidethemtotheproduct’slocationinthestore.Itcanalsospeakdifferentlanguagesandmakerecommendationsfordifferentitemsbasedonwhatthecustomerisshoppingfor.”可知，該機(jī)器人旨在為商店中的顧客供應(yīng)幫助，它可以幫助顧客找到商品并幫助他們來(lái)到商品的具體位置。它也可以說(shuō)不同的語(yǔ)言，并依據(jù)客戶的購(gòu)買需求供應(yīng)不同的商品購(gòu)買建議。由此可知，該機(jī)器人可以從事店員的工作。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees.“Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus.”可知，Oshbot與其他社交機(jī)器人一樣，探討人員創(chuàng)建這種機(jī)器人并不是要替換工人，而是要它與其他員工一起工作。探討人員擁有技術(shù)來(lái)培訓(xùn)社交機(jī)器人并不是讓其為他們工作而是和他們一起工作。因此我們可以從最終一段中知道社交機(jī)器人會(huì)成為人們的同事。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文尤其是第一段的第一句“Whetherinthehomeortheworkplace,socialrobotsaregoingtobecomealotmorecommoninthenextfewyears.”可知，不論是在家中還是工作場(chǎng)所，社交機(jī)器人在將來(lái)幾年中都將變得越來(lái)越普遍。下文通過(guò)具體舉例子說(shuō)明社交機(jī)器人的功能。即文章的主要內(nèi)容是對(duì)社交機(jī)器人的簡(jiǎn)介。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理推斷題的常見考查形式及解題方法：推理推斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。此類題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，做出推斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，也就是通過(guò)文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變更等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒(méi)有干脆表達(dá)的看法和觀點(diǎn)。例如小題3是推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“ButOshbot,likeothersocialrobots,isnotintendedtoreplaceworkers,buttoworkalongsideotheremployees.“Wehavetechnologiestotrainsocialrobotstodothingsnotforus,butwithus.”可知，Oshbot與其他社交機(jī)器人一樣，探討人員創(chuàng)建這種機(jī)器人并不是要替換工人，而是要它與其他員工一起工作。探討人員擁有技術(shù)來(lái)培訓(xùn)社交機(jī)器人并不是讓其為他們工作而是和他們一起工作。因此我們可以從最終一段中知道社交機(jī)器人會(huì)成為人們的同事。故選B。依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。EBodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!___16___Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmoremessagesthanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal(非言語(yǔ))communicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereallymean.___17___Indeed,whatiscalledbodylanguageissomuchapartofusthatit’sactuallyoftenunnoticed.Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.___18___NorthernEuropeansusuallydonotlikehavingbodilycontact(接觸)evenwithfriends,andcertainlynotwithstrangers.PeoplefromLatinAmericancountries,ontheotherhand,toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore,it'spossiblethatinconversation,itmaylooklikeaLatinoisfollowingaNorwegianallovertheroom.___19___TheNorwegian,veryprobablyseeingthisaspushiness,willkeepbackingaway—whichtheLatinowillinreturnregardascoldness.___20___Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.Andwhenpartiesarefromdifferentcultures,there'sastrongpossibilityofmisunderstanding.Butwhateverthesituation,thebestadviceistoobeytheGoldenRule:treatothersasyouwouldliketobetreated.A.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmovingcloser.B.Itspeakslouderthanwords.C.YourbodyLanguagewillgiveothersageneralimpressionofyou.D.Andbodylanguageisparticularlyimportantwhenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.E.InmanyAmericancultures,itisinappropriateformenandwomentotouchinpublic.F.Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeopletalk.G.Forexample,differentsocietiestreatthedistancebetweenpeopledifferently.【答案】16.B17.D18.G19.A20.F【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章給我們介紹了有關(guān)肢體語(yǔ)言的一些內(nèi)容。不同文化下的肢體語(yǔ)言是不同的，當(dāng)我們?cè)O(shè)法進(jìn)行跨文化溝通時(shí)，肢體語(yǔ)言尤為重要。但有一條黃金法則就是：對(duì)待別人要像別人對(duì)待你一樣。【16題詳解】上文Bodylanguageisthequiet,secretandmostpowerfullanguageofall!(肢體語(yǔ)言是全部語(yǔ)言中最寧?kù)o、神奇、以及最有力氣的語(yǔ)言)與B.Itspeakslouderthanwords.(它的效果遠(yuǎn)勝于言辭)承接自然，因?yàn)橹w語(yǔ)言是最有力氣的語(yǔ)言，所以它的效果遠(yuǎn)勝于言辭，選項(xiàng)中的it指代上文提到的bodylanguage，故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】上文Accordingtospecialists,ourbodiessendoutmoremessagesthanwerealize.Infact,non-verbal(非言語(yǔ))communicationtakesupabout50%ofwhatwereallymean.(一些專家認(rèn)為，我們的肢體所發(fā)出的信息遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)我們所能想象的那么少。事實(shí)上，非言辭溝通占據(jù)我們所說(shuō)話真實(shí)含義的50%之多)與D.Andbodylanguageisparticularlyimportantwhenweattempttocommunicateacrosscultures.(而當(dāng)我們?cè)囍M(jìn)行跨文化溝通時(shí)，肢體語(yǔ)言變得特別重要)承接自然，因?yàn)橹w語(yǔ)言傳遞的信息占50%之多，所以在跨文化溝通中顯得更為重要，故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文Andmisunderstandingsoccurasaresultofit.(因?yàn)楹鲆曋w語(yǔ)言而導(dǎo)致了誤會(huì)的產(chǎn)生)與G.Forexample,differentsocietiestreatthedistancebetweenpeopledifferently.(例如，不同的社會(huì)群體對(duì)待人們之間距離的方式迥然不同)承接自然，選項(xiàng)是對(duì)上文所述內(nèi)容的舉例說(shuō)明，故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文Therefore,it'spossiblethatinconversation,itmaylooklikeaLatinoisfollowingaNorwegianallovertheroom.(因此，在一次對(duì)話中，我們可能會(huì)看到一個(gè)拉美裔的談話者追著一個(gè)挪威伙伴滿屋子轉(zhuǎn))與A.TheLatino,tryingtoexpressfriendship,willkeepmovingcloser.(拉美人，試著表示友好，會(huì)接著靠近對(duì)方)承接自然，上下文都講解并描述了拉美人對(duì)待人與人之間距離的方式，Latino是關(guān)鍵詞，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文Andonlyapartofitisinthewordsthemselves.(而發(fā)生中的一切，只有一部分是以語(yǔ)言的方式表達(dá)出來(lái)的)與F.Clearly,agreatdealisgoingonwhenpeopletalk.(自不待言，人們相互談話時(shí)發(fā)生了許多事情)承接自然，上下文是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，要表達(dá)的意思是：語(yǔ)言只是人們談話時(shí)發(fā)生的眾多事情之一，故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless",mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe___21___isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa___22___countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking___23___forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirst___24___onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere___25___onholiday.KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,___26___atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren't___27___.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand___28___,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t___29___togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita___30___therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways___31___toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon___32___alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto___33___donations.Today,overthirtycompanies___34___donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto___35___themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer___36___newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno___37___fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t___38___moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets___39___.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea___40___intheworld.21.A.result B.truth C.reason D.idea22.A.traditional B.developing C.typical D.wealthy23.A.preparations B.houses C.meals D.suggestions24.A.began B.met C.called D.left25.A.asleep B.alone C.across D.away26.A.broughtup B.setup C.putaside D.gaveaway27.A.enough B.necessary C.helpful D.expensive28.A.fame B.freedom C.courage D.caring29.A.hesitate B.agree C.pretend D.intend30.A.madesense B.foundout C.madesure D.workedout31.A.open B.crowded C.noisy D.near32.A.costing B.wasting C.taking D.spending33.A.payfor B.askfor C.lookinto D.carryout34.A.completely B.calmly C.regularly D.roughly35A.advertise B.sell C.deliver D.lend36.A.donates B.produces C.designs D.collects37.A.permission B.payment C.direction D.support38.A.borrow B.raise C.save D.expect39.A.surprised B.excited C.tired D.amused40.A.profit B.difference C.decision D.rule【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.B27.A28.D29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.C36.A37.B38.D39.C40.B【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了一對(duì)有愛心的德國(guó)夫婦舍棄了外出度假的時(shí)間，為那些無(wú)家可歸的人做飯，供應(yīng)住宿。在花完自己的積蓄后他們還向公司求助，呼吁更多的人們?nèi)リP(guān)注那些無(wú)家可歸的人。他們希望在這個(gè)世界上可以多一份關(guān)愛，少一份苦痛?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：但現(xiàn)實(shí)就是無(wú)家可歸的人到處都是。A.result結(jié)果;B.truth事實(shí)，真理；C.reason理由;D.idea辦法。依據(jù)but可以推斷后句內(nèi)容和前句內(nèi)容“每當(dāng)我們聽到無(wú)家可歸這個(gè)詞，我們大多數(shù)人就會(huì)想到發(fā)展中國(guó)家”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，前面說(shuō)人們的想法，所以后面應(yīng)當(dāng)是事實(shí)，故選B。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；B.developing發(fā)展中的；C.typical典型的；D.wealthy富有的。依據(jù)空后likeGermany推斷前面是指像德國(guó)這樣的典型的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家，故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.preparations籌備；B.houses房子；C.meals餐，飯；D.suggestions建議。依據(jù)后文KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome，madesandwiches可知他們?yōu)榈聡?guó)首都柏林的無(wú)家可歸者做飯已經(jīng)十一年了，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.began起先；B.met遇到；C.called打電話，叫；D.left離開。依據(jù)first可知此處指他們起先為這些無(wú)家可歸人們做飯是在一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而燥熱的夏天，故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：當(dāng)大部分的德國(guó)人都離開去度假的時(shí)候。A.asleep睡著的；B.alone單獨(dú)的；C.across穿過(guò)；D.away離開，遠(yuǎn)去。他們是從一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)而燥熱的夏天起先，而在這個(gè)時(shí)候大多數(shù)德國(guó)人都外出度假了，選D?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.broughtup提出，撫養(yǎng)；B.setup搭建，安裝，布置，臨時(shí)搭起；C.putaside放一邊，儲(chǔ)存；D.gaveaway無(wú)償贈(zèng)送，暴露。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分給那些無(wú)家可歸的人，由此推斷他們?cè)诮稚喜贾煤米雷樱xB。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.enough足夠的；B.necessary有必要的；C.helpful幫助的；D.expensive貴的。由后句中的whatpeoplealsoneed…（人們還須要的是）可知，此處應(yīng)當(dāng)表達(dá)的是“穆勒夫婦意識(shí)到只有食物和衣服并不夠”。故選A。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.fame名望；B.freedom自由；C.courage志氣；D.caring關(guān)切.從and前面的warmth推斷選A。句意：他們還須要溫溫煦關(guān)懷。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.hesitate遲疑；B.agree同意；C.pretend假裝；D.intend準(zhǔn)備，想要。穆勒夫婦傾盡全部去幫助這些無(wú)家可歸的人們，由此推斷他們是堅(jiān)決果斷地把電話號(hào)碼給那些街上的人，并告知他們隨時(shí)給他打電話。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：Rita確保家里有人接電話。A.madesense講得通；B.foundout弄清晰； C.madesure確保；D.workedout計(jì)算出。結(jié)合上文Muller一家總是情愿把電話號(hào)碼給街上的人并告知他們隨時(shí)可以打電話，可知Rita要確保家里有接電話的人，故選C。【31題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.open開放的；B.crowded擁擠的；C.noisy嘈雜的，吵鬧的；D.near旁邊的。由上文可知他們一家隨時(shí)在都會(huì)幫助那些無(wú)家可歸的人們，所以此處是指她家對(duì)那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是隨時(shí)放開著的。beopento意為“對(duì)某人是放開的；對(duì)……開放”，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析及對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解。A.costing花費(fèi)；B.wasting奢侈；C.taking帶走；D.spending花費(fèi)。.穆勒夫婦很快就要把他們的錢花光了。此處用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。waste不符合句意；cost主語(yǔ)不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花費(fèi)（某人）錢數(shù)；take也可表示“花費(fèi)”，但其主語(yǔ)一般是sth.或形式主語(yǔ)i