山東省濰坊市高一下學期期末英語測試

高一英語注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanstudy?A.Byrecordinglectures.B.Byhavingextraclasses.CByorganizingnotesafterclass.2.Whatdoesthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Lookforherglasses.B.Fillintheformforher.C.Readouttheformforher.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Performinginaplay.B.MakingFridayplans.C.Buyingticketsforashow.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Ashop.B.Acinema.C.Arestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.WakeupMr.Jones.B.Informotherneighbors.C.Callthefirestation.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatexercisedoesthemanoftendoathome?A.Bodyweightexercises.B.Yoga.C.Jogging.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Giveupusingtheapp.B.Trysomefreecoursesontheapp.C.BuyaVIPmembershipoftheapp.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.WhydidTinafailtocontactMikethroughavideocallyesterday?A.Hisphonewasbroken.B.Hisphonewaspoweredoff.C.Hisphonecouldn’treceiveavideocall.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’snewphone?A.Cheap.B.Outdated.C.Fancy.聽第8段材料，回答第10至13題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Strangers.C.Coworkers.11.Howmuchdotheweightlosspillscost?A.$100.B.$110.C.$150.12.Whatdoesthewomanneedtodoaccordingtoherself?C.Tryanewdiet.B.Putonsomeweight.A.Buildmuscle.13.Howdoesthewomansound?C.Grateful.B.Interested.A.Annoyed.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutattendingoverseascamps?A.Expensive.B.Helpful.C.Challenging.15.Wheredoesthewomanprobablyefrom?A.Canada.B.England.C.China.16.Whatcampwillthewomanchooseforherkids?A.Asportscamp.B.Anartcamp.C.Awildernesscamp.17.Whowillthekidslivewithincamps?A.Theirparents.B.Thecampworkers.C.Thenatives.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aspecialstatue.B.Anewkindoffish.C.Abeautifulriver.19.WhydidtheMalayPrincenametheisland“LionCity”?A.Hethoughthesawalionthen.B.Helearneditfromalegend.C.Helikedlionsverymuch.20.Whatisthespeakerprobably?A.Anagent.B.Areporter.C.Atourguide.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASummerisapproachingandwithit,festivalseason.TheseareEurope’sbestclassicalmusicfestivals,nottobemissed!BergenInternationalFestival,NorwayBergenFestivalwasestablishedtopromoteNordicartistsandhasbeethelargestfestivalofmusicandartsinScandinavia.Aswellasattractingworldclassperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegianposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13thcenturyKingHakon’sHall.June24July7,fib.noGranadaInternationalFestival,SpainIn2023,performancesbyIcelandicpianistsVíkingurOlafsson,PhilippeHerrewegheinmusicbyMozartandBeethovenareamongtheclassicalmusichighlights(亮點).Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.June21July19,granadafestival.orgVerbierFestival,SwitzerlandVerbierFestivalshowsfinemusicattheheartofthebeautifulSwissAlpseachsummerin2023.AswellasexperiencingthesefantasticperformersinsomeofthemostimpressivealpinesceneryEuropehastooffer,therealmagicofVerbieristhatitconnectsgreatmusiciansattheheightoftheircareerswithdeterminedyoungartists,throughtheVerbierFestivalAcademy.May14June30,verbierfestival.EdinburghInternationalFestival,ScotlandThere’sawonderfulatmosphereonthehistoricstreetsofEdinburghinAugust.In2023,thefestivalwelesviolinistNicolaBenedettiinherfirstyearasfestivaldirector.WewillalsoseeScottishChamberOrchestraandtheLondonSymphonyOrchestrafromclosertohome.223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.August4August27,eif.Co.uk1.WhichofthefollowinghighlightstheBergenInternationalFestival?A.Thelocations. B.Theperformers.C.Theposers. D.Thecoastline.2.WhatdothefestivalsinSpainandScotlandhaveinmon?A.MusicbyMozart. B.Studentparticipation.C.Violinists’performances. D.Cooperationwithuniversities.3.Whichofthefollowingstartsearliest?A.VerbierFestival. B.BergenInternationalFestival.C.GranadaInternationalFestival. D.EdinburghInternationalFestival.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了不容錯過的幾個歐洲最好的古典藝術節(jié)?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“Aswellasattractingworldclassperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegianposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13thcenturyKingHakon’sHall.(除了吸引世界級的表演者，它的特別之處在于在卑爾根中心及其沿海地區(qū)獨特的歷史景點舉行，包括挪威作曲家愛德華·格里格自己的家，以及13世紀的哈康國王大廳。)”可知，BergenInternationalFestival的獨特之處在于其舉辦地點。故選A。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.(與往年一樣，音樂節(jié)將與格拉納達大學合作，邀請眾多學生參加曼努埃爾·德·法拉課程。)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.(來自世界各地的223名優(yōu)秀學生將參加。)”可知，西班牙藝術節(jié)和蘇格蘭藝術節(jié)的共同之處是這兩個藝術節(jié)都有學生的參與。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“June24July7(6月24日至7月7日)”；GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“June21July19(6月21日至7月19日)”；VerbierFestival,Switzerland部分中的“May14June30(5月14日至6月30日)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“August4August27(8月4日至8月27日)”可知，最早開始的是VerbierFestival。故選A。BSakamotoRyuichi,whodiedonMarch28afteralongbattlewithcancer,oncedescribedhismusicalmethodthus:“Iopenmyearstotheworld.”ButwhatMr.Srakamotoheard,fewotherscould.AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.Mr.SakamotowasborninTokyoin1952andtooktomusicearly.HegraduatedfromoneofTokyo’stopcollegesofmusic,wherehestudiedWesternclassicalmusic,andexploredaninterestinthetraditionalmusicofJapan’sOkinawaaswellasinthatofIndiaandAfrica.Earlyinhiscareer,Mr.Sakamototrainedhisearsonthesoundoftechnology.YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancinganovelbinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbeetechnoandhiphop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic.UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.In2014,thecancershookMr.Sakamoto’slife.Buteventhatcouldnotweakenhislongingtohearmore.Inthenextfewyears,heposedthescorefor“TheRevenant”,andproducedafilmaboutsoundcalled“Coda”.4.What’sparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThestyleofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.B.SakamotoRyuichi’smentsonmusic.C.SakamotoRyuichi’scontributionstomusic.D.TheinfluenceofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSakamotoRyuichifromparagraph2?A.Helikednaturescenery.B.Hegotinspiredfromnoises.C.Hecreatedtechnoandhiphop.D.Hebecameinterestedinmusicatcollege.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeSakamotoRyuichi?A.Intelligentandfrank. B.Talentedandcaring.C.Generousandenthusiastic. D.Determinedandhumorous.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Amusician:makingsoundsintomusicB.Soundsofnature:sourcesofmusicpositionC.YellowMagicOrchestra:memoriesofgenerationsD.SakamotoRyuichi:speakingoutforthemonpeople【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了日本著名音樂人士——坂本龍一，介紹了其生平貢獻和音樂特色等。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.(作為日本科技流行樂隊YellowMagicOrchestra的一員，他幫助開創(chuàng)了現(xiàn)代電子音樂。作為一名作曲家，他為BernardoBertolucci等導演的作品賦予了生命。他的去世引起了整個音樂界的哀悼。)”可知，第一段主要講述的是坂本龍一對音樂的貢獻。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段““ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.(“錯誤或噪音吸引了我，我想知道這種不完美是否會產生新的音樂潮流，”坂本說。)”以及下文內容可知，坂本龍一從噪音中獲得靈感從而創(chuàng)造了新的音樂形式。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.(作為日本科技流行樂隊YellowMagicOrchestra的一員，他幫助開創(chuàng)了現(xiàn)代電子音樂。作為一名作曲家，他為BernardoBertolucci等導演的作品賦予了生命。)”可知，坂本龍一非常有才華；根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.(作為一名日本音樂家，坂本利用自己的名氣就環(huán)境保護和核能等社會和政治問題發(fā)表了自己的看法，這與以往不同。2011年，一場地震和海嘯襲擊了日本東北部，引發(fā)了福島核泄漏。災難發(fā)生后，坂本經常前往該地區(qū)支持當?shù)鼐用瘛?”可知，他是一個關心他人的人。故選B。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancinganovelbinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbeetechnoandhiphop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic.(1978年，他組建了一支名為“黃色魔術樂團”的樂隊，他們使用合成器來制作舞蹈用的器樂歌曲——這在當時是一種新穎的組合?！板e誤或噪音吸引了我，我想知道這種不完美是否會產生新的音樂潮流，”坂本說。事實正是如此：坂本龍一的音樂啟發(fā)了后來的電子樂和嘻哈樂。然后他轉向大自然的聲音。他聽著風吹、水滴、石頭移動和樹葉飄落的聲音，他把這些聲音融入到他的音樂中。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要介紹了日本著名音樂人士——坂本龍一，他擅長把各種聲音融入自己的音樂之中。故選A。COneofthechallengesintreatingburnpatientsistherepetitionofdressingchanges,whichcanbeextremelypainful.Tobringrelieftothisproblem,UniversityofWaterlooresearchershavecreatedasmartwounddressingmaterialthatusesadvancedpolymers(聚合物)forpersonalizedtreatment.Thisnewdressing,tailoredthrough3Dprinting,couldimprovetherecoveryprocessforburnedpatients.“Thematerialhasgoodsurfaceadhesion,whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybeeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff,”saidDr.BoxinZhao,aprofessorinWaterloo’sDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,whoseteamhasmadesignificantadvancesindevelopingintelligenthydrogel(水凝膠)materialsforuseasareusablewounddressing.Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbeelargerbutbeesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlongerlastingpainrelief.Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandmerciallyworkable.Thematerialalsohaspotentialapplicationsforcancertreatment.Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adhesion”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Theabilitytoberecycled.B.Thefeatureofbeingadaptable.C.Thefeatureofbeingintelligent.D.Theabilitytosticktoasubstance.9.Whatisthepurposeof3Dscans?A.Totreatthewound. B.Tofigureouttheburn.C.Totailorthedressing’sshape. D.Todevelopthedressing.10.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningthesmartdressing?A.Itspotential. B.Itseffectiveness.C.Itsproperties. D.Itsvariety.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thematerialisnothealthfriendly.B.Thematerialwillbeputintomarket.C.Thematerialhasbeenappliedtotreatcancer.D.Thematerialisintroducedtothepubliconline.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種智能傷口敷料材料，該材料使用先進的聚合物進行個性化治療。這種通過3D打印定制的新型敷料可以改善燒傷患者的恢復過程。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybeeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff(這是一個關鍵特點。它可以很容易地附著在皮膚上并被取下)”可知，這種材料具有良好的表面附著力，劃線單詞和選項D“Theabilitytosticktoasubstance(粘在物質上的能力)”和劃線單詞意思相近。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.(在開發(fā)這種敷料的過程中，研究人員對患者的面部和身體部位進行了3D掃描，以根據(jù)個人需求進行個性化設計。這使得敷料能夠很好地與鼻子和手指等表面接觸，使其成為為燒傷患者制作個性化傷口敷料的完美選擇。)”可知，研究人員對患者的面部和身體部位進行了3D掃描是為了根據(jù)個人需求進行個性化設計，使得敷料能夠很好地與鼻子和手指等表面接觸，使其成為為燒傷患者制作個性化傷口敷料的完美選擇。故選C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbeelargerbutbeesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlongerlastingpainrelief.(這種敷料的熱響應性使其可以在皮膚上加熱，并輕輕地降低到室溫。此外，在冰箱里冷卻后，敷料會變大，但在體溫下會變小，這樣更容易取出，也不那么痛苦。此外，敷料的設計是讓藥物一次釋放一點，從而使疼痛得到更持久的緩解。)”可知，第四段主要介紹了該敷料的屬性。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandmerciallyworkable.(最近發(fā)表在《膠體與界面科學雜志》上的一項研究突出了該團隊的進展。趙的研究小組的下一步是繼續(xù)改進這種材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商業(yè)可行性。)”以及“Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.(傳統(tǒng)上，病人可能需要在診所待上幾個小時。這種敷料可以在診所之外提供幫助，減少了與傳統(tǒng)方法相關的一些挑戰(zhàn)。)”可推測，研究人員的下一步是繼續(xù)改進這種材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商業(yè)可行性。而這可以在診所之外提供幫助。由此可推測，該敷料即將推向市場。故選B。DSpacesettlementiswidelydebated.SomearguelivinginspaceisunrealisticandthatweshouldconcentrateonimprovinglifeonEarthinsteadofpotentiallyruininganotherplanet.TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(萬億).Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.JohnTraphagan,ProfessorattheUniversityofTexas,argued,“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.Aslongaswebringitwithustootherworlds,wewillrepeatthesamemistakes.”However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.Accordingtosomephilosophies,humansaretheonlybeingscapableofmorality,and,thus,preservingourspeciesisthemostmorallypressing.Spacesettlementgiveshumankindtheopportunitytosignificantlyraisethechancesofsurvivalbyprovidingaccesstothesolarsystem’sresources,andincreasingknowledgeofspaceandEarth.Spacesettlementisthenextlogical(合理的)stepinhumangrowth.Humansarenotaspeciestostandstill.JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”12.Whatinformationdoesparagraph2deliver?A.SolutionstolivingonMarshavebeenfound.B.The2018NASAstudyagreedtoliveonMars.C.SomescientistsregardlivingonMarsunrealistic.DThetemperatureonMarsissuitableforhabitation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Themess. B.Thecapability.C.Thebelief. D.Acollectionofspecies.14.AccordingtoJeffBezos,whatbenefitwillspacesettlementbring?A.Morehumangeniuses. B.Richknowledge.C.Morediversespecies. D.Unlimitedwealth.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetospacesettlement?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Worried. D.Positive.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了關于太空定居的相關內容，包括其優(yōu)缺點等等?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.(以在火星上生活為例，一些科學家認為這是幻想。要做到這一點，火星首先需要加熱到接近地球平均溫度，這需要大約100年的時間。然后，火星必須產生氧氣，這將需要10萬年或更長時間。)”可知，有些科學家認為在火星上生活是不現(xiàn)實的。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.(我們需要停止持有人類例外論的信念，并開始將人類視為物種集合的一部分。)”可知，JohnTraphagan教授認為人類應該放棄認為人類例外論這一觀點。否則即便去太空定居，我們人類也會犯同樣的錯誤。所以代詞it代指這一“信念”。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”(JeffBezos于2021年前往太空，他說：“太陽系可以輕松養(yǎng)活1萬億人。如果我們有一萬億人，我們就會有一千個愛因斯坦和一千個莫扎特，而且是無限的?！?”可知，JeffBezos認為太空定居會使我們擁有更多的天才。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(萬億).(美國宇航局2018年的一項研究得出結論，根據(jù)火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)的二氧化碳水平，上述計劃是不切實際的。如果找到解決方案并付諸實施，那么如此大規(guī)模的項目將耗資數(shù)十億美元，甚至數(shù)萬億美元。)”可知，第二段介紹了太空定居面臨的困難；而文章第三段“Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.(此外，人類把地球搞得一團糟。如果人類能夠把太空中一個不適合居住的星球變成一個有吸引力的人類家園，我們當然有能力解決我們在地球上制造的問題。)”則認為人類有能力解決我們在地球上制造的問題；根據(jù)文章第四段“However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.(然而，其他人認為人類有道德義務拯救我們的物種免于滅絕，而太空定居是這樣做的一種方式。)”則介紹了其他人的觀點，這些人認為太空定居是可行的。由此可推斷，在這篇文章中，作者客觀地介紹了太空定居的優(yōu)缺點。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填人空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.____16____SoitwasahugephysicalchallengebutIgotstrongereveryday,andeventually,Icouldeasilybikeforeighthourseachday.Oneofthebestpartsofthewholeexperiencewasthepeople.ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanweddingsomethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.____17____OnetimeIevenmetagroupofChinesementravelingbymotorcycle,whoinvitedmetocookfishthattheycaughtinthelakeoverafirewithwood.AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.____18____Thepeopleweresomeofthebestpartsofthetrip,butmostlyeachday,Iwasalonewithnature.Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.____19____Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.____20____IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.ItwasindeedanexperienceIwillneverforget.Ifanyonehasaninterestintraveling,Iwouldhighlyremendgoingbybicycle!A.Itsimplytookmybreathaway.B.Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.C.Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.D.Ihadneverbikedformorethantwohoursinonedaybefore.E.Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.F.TravelingbybicyclewasactuallymuchcheaperthanIthought.G.Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者獨自騎自行車穿越中國西部時的所見所聞?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.(我冒過的最大的風險就是辭掉工作，獨自騎自行車穿越中國西部。)”可知，對于作者而言，辭掉工作獨自騎自行車是作者冒過的最大的風險。選項B“Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.(我的家人都很震驚，并試圖說服我不要這么做。)”與上文內容一致，是上文內容的延續(xù)，因為風險較大，那么作者的家人自然不希望作者這樣做。故選B。【17題詳解】根據(jù)空前“ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanweddingsomethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.(我遇到了來自中國各地的人，有一次我有幸參加了一場藏族婚禮——這是我從未想過的。)”可知，作者有幸參加了一場藏族婚禮。選項G“Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.(整個活動非常精彩，充滿了舞蹈、笑聲和歡樂。)”延續(xù)了上文的內容，具體講述了這場藏族婚禮的精彩之處。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空前“AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.(另一個例子是我遇到一群騎自行車的人。他們已經六七十歲了，但仍然比我騎得好)”可知，作者遇到了一群騎自行車的人，他們雖然已經六七十歲了，但是仍然騎得比作者好。選項E“Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.(它真的激勵我每天鞭策自己，走得更遠。)”中的“it”代指上文作者遇到的那群騎自行車的人，而他們雖然已經六七十歲了，但是仍然騎得比作者好這件事激勵了作者繼續(xù)前行。故選E。【19題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.(在連綿起伏的山巒和奔流的溪流中，中國西部擁有世界上最令人驚嘆的風景。)”以及空后“Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.(茂密的森林，冰冷的冰川，寧靜的湖泊，中國有很多值得一看的地方。)”可知，作者在本段中主要描述了祖國西部地區(qū)的美麗風景。選項A“Itsimplytookmybreathaway.(簡直讓我無法呼吸。)”中的“it”代指上文“westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.”；并延續(xù)上文內容，表達了作者對中國西部地區(qū)風景的贊嘆。故選A。【20題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段主要內容。根據(jù)下文“IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.(每到一個地方我都能品嘗到當?shù)氐男〕?。有這么多不同的選擇！我最喜歡的是四川菜，一個以辣味和有趣的菜肴而聞名的省份。不管我吃了多少，我都不會厭倦不同的中國菜。)”可知，本段主要介紹了騎行中享受到的美食。選項C“Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.(食物絕對是我旅途中的另一個亮點。)”與下文內容一致，講述的都是作者在旅途中享受到美食。故選C。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Onedarkmorningwhiledrivingtowork,mydad,ClaytonKavalinas,diedinacrashtoavoidadeerintheroad.Hewasonly35.____21____couldhavehelpedpreventtheaccident,buttherewerenonethere.Myheartwasbrokenbythelossofmyfather,especiallywhenIrealizedthathisdeathcouldhavebeen____22____.Inatwoyearperiod,twentynine____23____happenedonthatareaofthehighway.Timeandagain,Ithought,“howcouldIfindawaytomakemydad’sshortlifereally____24____?”Anidea____25____tomethatIwouldtrytogetsomelightsputupinthatareatohelpotherdriversseebetter.First,Itriedtoincreasepublic____26____oncityhall.Withhelpfrommyclassmates,Ihandedoutflyers(傳單)athomesandshoppingmalls,andobtainedoverthreehundred____27____neededtocatchtheattentionofthepoliticians____28____roadsafetyissues.Thelocalmediaalsoparticipated.Thereporters____29____itandthepeopleweretouchedand_____30_____thedanger.Thepublicpressurebeganto_____31_____andwithinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市議會)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.Sometimes,goingthroughtheaccidentoverandoverwasahardthingtodo_____32_____.ButI’dbereallyhappyand_____33_____thatmydad’slifewastheonethatmadethe_____34_____inhelpingtosavemanyotherlives.I’llalwayshavethe_____35_____ofknowingthateverynight,alittlebitofDadisshiningdown.21.A.Batteries B.Streetlights C.Facilities D.Guidelines22.A.predicted B.investigated C.cancelled D.avoided23.A.events B.emergencies C.accidents D.adventures24.A.count B.last C.cease D.survive25.A.happened B.responded C.referred D.occurred26.A.pressure B.awareness C.requirement D.desire27.A.letters B.strategies C.files D.signatures28.A.incaseof B.inchargeof C.infavorof D.inneedof29.A.interviewed B.covered C.spread D.plained30.A.claimed B.escaped C.acknowledged D.mitted31.A.rise B.boil C.fall D.die32.A.potentially B.emotionally C.gradually D.physically33.A.anxious B.sorry C.proud D.grateful34.A.difference B.strength C.wisdom D.responsibility35.A.duty B.fort C.power D.intention【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A3