高考總復(fù)習優(yōu)化設(shè)計二輪用書英語(新高考)專題5 NO.1　寫作總策略•破解書面表達2維度

高考總復(fù)習優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024專題五應(yīng)用文寫作NO.1寫作總策略?破解書面表達2維度維度1維度2目錄索引0102考情分析年份卷別文體話題2023新高考全國Ⅰ卷建議信對外教分組安排的意見和建議全國乙卷投稿學(xué)習新技能全國甲卷投稿中國歷史人物2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷邀請信節(jié)目訪談全國乙卷投稿英語學(xué)習活動調(diào)查全國甲卷投稿保護海洋2021新高考全國Ⅰ卷投稿慶祝Youth創(chuàng)刊十周年全國乙卷發(fā)言稿做聰明的網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習者全國甲卷咨詢信向外國朋友了解哪些中國傳統(tǒng)文化更吸引外國友人命題專家談高考1.未來命題形式仍然以半開放為主,方式會更加靈活,需要考生仔細審題,判斷是哪種寫作文體,有時甚至會融合兩種文體。例如:回復(fù)關(guān)于約稿的告知信,并呼吁積極參與投稿;宣傳你校微信公眾號,并提倡大家進行關(guān)注等等;2.選材依舊會貼近學(xué)生生活,關(guān)注德智體美勞各個方面,深化對英語交際應(yīng)用能力的考查,體現(xiàn)交際功能和中國文化元素等;3.日常訓(xùn)練要拓寬思路,靈活組題,對不同話題、不同文體的寫作內(nèi)容,進行多角度、多方位的強化訓(xùn)練。維度1學(xué)習評分標準,實現(xiàn)高分有方向一、評分標準解讀

檔次解讀第五檔(13~15分)能寫明全部要點;語言基本無誤;行文連貫,表達清楚第四檔(10~12分)能寫明全部或絕大部分要點;語言有少量錯誤;行文不夠連貫,表達基本清楚第三檔(7~9分)能寫明基本要點;語言雖有較多錯誤,但能基本達意第二檔(4~6分)能寫明部分要點;語言錯誤多,影響意思表達第一檔(1~3分)只能寫出一兩個要點;語言錯誤很多,只有個別句子正確0分未作答;內(nèi)容太少,無法評判;寫的內(nèi)容與所要求的內(nèi)容無關(guān)或所寫內(nèi)容無法看清二、評分細則1.滿分15分,按五個檔次進行評分。2.評分時主要從內(nèi)容要點、詞匯語法和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)三個方面考慮。具體為:①內(nèi)容要點的覆蓋情況以及表述的清楚程度和合理性;②使用詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的準確性、恰當性和多樣性;③上下文的銜接和全文的連貫性。3.評分時,先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定其所屬檔次,然后根據(jù)該檔次的評分標準來衡量、確定或調(diào)整檔次,最后給分。4.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右,少于60和多于100的,從總分中減去2分。5.拼寫與標點符號是語言準確性的一個方面,評分時,應(yīng)視其對交際的影響程度予以考慮。英、美拼寫及詞匯用法均可接受。書寫較差影響交際的,將分數(shù)降低一個檔次。[典題印證](2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷)假定你是校廣播站英語節(jié)目“TalkandTalk”的負責人李華,請給外教Caroline寫郵件邀請她做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括:1.節(jié)目介紹;2.訪談的時間和話題。注意:1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右;2.請在相應(yīng)位置作答。DearCaroline,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua[示例1]三檔作文

DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua名師點評本范文要點基本齊全,結(jié)構(gòu)完整,但是書寫潦草,整體給閱卷老師的感覺是該考生基本功差,沒有吸引老師的亮點詞匯和高級句式,還犯了一些低級的錯誤。1.句式方面:句式單一,單句較多;不會使用非謂語、定語從句和名詞性從句等復(fù)雜句式;2.詞匯方面:不定冠詞誤用(aEnglish),漏詞(TalkTalk),拼寫錯誤(writting)等,這類錯誤雖然不會對句意的表達產(chǎn)生很大的影響,但會給閱卷老師留下該考生語言基礎(chǔ)薄弱的印象,從而使作文落入低檔;3.語法方面:時態(tài)和主謂一致錯誤(如:schoollifebecomingmoreandmorecolorful)、介詞誤用(如:inSunday),這些錯誤也是考生的作文在低檔徘徊的直接原因;4.格式方面:標點符號缺失(AndtheprogramwillbeheldinSundayandthetopicisabout“Englishclassic”)。[示例2]五檔作文DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua高分原因本范文要點齊全、結(jié)構(gòu)完整、用詞準確、語言流暢,靈活地運用了亮點詞匯和高級句式,具備了滿分作文的六大基本特征:1.層次不亂(本文分為三段,層次清晰);2.句式多變(非謂語動詞作定語heldby“TalkandTalk”;定語從句whichisanEnglishprogramme...,Asyouknow;主語從句Itiscertainthatallstudentswillbenefitfromyourspeech.);3.亮點若干(高級詞匯:improve,benefitfrom,appreciate,oaccount,lookforwardto);4.巧妙串聯(lián)(如:besides);5.小錯不犯;6.卷面整潔,語意豐滿。維度2用好“4策略”,寫出高分作文策略1遵循“兩美”原則,打造內(nèi)外兼美好作文策略2詞匯高級,“語”眾不同高級詞匯就像一顆顆耀眼的明珠,為作文增添光彩,從而使考生穩(wěn)拿高分。選詞時應(yīng)注意兩點:技法1摒棄籠統(tǒng)表達,細化描寫籠統(tǒng)詞具有較強的概括性,考生相對熟悉,但具體詞能形象地描述事物或反映細膩的感情色彩變化,使表達更出彩。Itwassetuptoraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean,whichplaysanimportantpartinglobalecosystem.(2022全國甲卷)→Itwassetuptoraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean,whichplaysasignificant/crucialpartinglobalecosystem.Whenfeelingsad,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.(2021新高考全國Ⅰ卷)→Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories.[高分語料]籠統(tǒng)詞具體詞goodamazing/breathtaking驚人的;awesome令人驚嘆的;brilliant絕妙的;fantastic極好的;impressive給人印象深刻的;remarkable/extraordinary非凡的;splendid/spectacular壯麗的happycheerful/delighted/joyful快樂的;overjoyed欣喜若狂的;thrilled興奮的beautifulattractive吸引人的;appealing有吸引力的;charming/engaging/fascinating迷人的importantcrucial/vital/essential至關(guān)重要的;fundamental根本的;primary首要的;significant有重大意義的籠統(tǒng)詞具體詞difficultcomplicated/complex復(fù)雜的;challenging挑戰(zhàn)性的;puzzling令人困惑不解的big/largebroad遼闊的;enormous龐大的;giant/huge/immense/gigantic/massive巨大的small/littlenarrow狹窄的;slight輕微的;tiny極小的;young年輕的

veryabsolutely/extremely極其;awfully/badly/especially/highly/terribly非常

haveenjoy享有;hold懷有(信念、意見);possess擁有;own擁有:beinpossessionof擁有籠統(tǒng)詞具體詞godash猛沖;flee逃跑;head朝……行進;hurry迅速移動;move移動;pace來回踱步;race快速移動;rush沖,急速行進;slip溜;struggle艱難行進;speed快速前行;wander漫游、游giveaward授予;contribute貢獻;donate捐贈;offer主動提供;provide提供;supply供給

see/lookexamine(仔細地)檢查;glance瞥一眼;notice注意到;observe觀察;stare凝視;spot發(fā)現(xiàn);surf瀏覽;witness目擊;catchsightof看見;checkout查看;lookaround環(huán)顧;lookthrough瀏覽sayannounce聲稱;comment評論;declare宣布;exclaim驚叫;inform通知;persuade勸說;reply回答;remark評論;respond回應(yīng);state陳述;shout大聲說;whisper小聲說籠統(tǒng)詞具體詞like/enjoy/loveadmire欣賞;appreciate賞識;cherish珍愛;prefer更喜歡;treasure珍視,珍愛;becrazy/madabout對……著迷;beenthusiasticabout熱衷于……;bepassionateabout酷愛……;haveatastefor/in對……感興趣;show(a)greatinterestin對……表現(xiàn)出極大的興趣thinkconsider仔細考慮;expect認為;reflect沉思;suppose推斷;beregardedas被視為

knowrealize意識到;recognize認出,認可;understand理解籠統(tǒng)詞具體詞wantdesire渴望;long渴望;wish希望;bedying/thirstyfor渴望

askconsult咨詢;enquire/inquire詢問;interview采訪;question正式提問;wonder想知道

changedevelop發(fā)展;grow增長;improve改善;transform改變;rise上升learnmaster掌握;research研究;preview預(yù)習;getthehangof掌握……的要領(lǐng);haveagoodcommandof熟練掌握技法2多用高級表達,短語優(yōu)先恰當?shù)剡x用一些貼切、地道的高級表達對提高書面表達的得分檔次至關(guān)重要。所以考生不妨考慮在文章中使用較高級的表達,充分展現(xiàn)自己的語言功底。1.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyinvitation.(2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷)→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationinto

account.2.Inconclusion,weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(2021全國乙卷)→Inconclusion,weshouldhave

a

good

understanding

ofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.3.Inordertogetmoreclicks,you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.(2021全國甲卷)→Inordertogetmoreclicks,you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholds

the

most

attraction

forwesterners.4.Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.→Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwere

in

favour

ofthisidea.[高分語料]類型1

校園生活漢語意義普通表達升級表達能夠做某事beabletodosth.becapableofdoingsth.,becompetenttodosth.努力做某事trytodosth.sparenoefforttodosth.,strive/endeavortodosth.某人必須要做的事情somethingsb.mustdoamustforsb.試圖做某事trytodosth.attempt/seektodosth.,makeanattempttodosth.漢語意義普通表達升級表達參加joinin,takepartinparticipatein,getinvolvedin,attend,engagein想做某事wanttodosth.can’twaittodosth.,desire/longtodosth.,beeagertodosth.專注于focusonconcentrateon,beabsorbedin,beimmersedin幫助某人helpsb.dosb.afavor,lend/givesb.ahand,cometosb.’sassistance忙于bebusywithbeoccupiedwith,beengagedin即將來臨becomingbearoundthecorner,beapproaching利用,使用usemake(full)useof,takeadvantageof,makethebestof,adopt類型2

動作行為

漢語意義普通表達升級表達記住rememberkeep/bearinmind面對,面臨

facebefacedwith,meetwith,encounter意識到

know,realizebeawareof/that,beconsciousof,cometorealize重視

valueattachgreatimportanceto,takesth.seriously參觀visitpayavisitto,goto...foravisit漢語意義普通表達升級表達某人想到某事sb.think(s)ofsth.sth.occur(s)to/strike(s)sb.,e(s)upwithsth.建議suggest/advisethat...putforwardthesuggestionthat...,recommendthat...彌補,補償makeupforcompensatefor吸引某人attractsb.appealtosb.,havegreatappealforsb.,drawsb.漢語意義普通表達升級表達相信,認為believethat...,besurethat...holdthefirmbelief/viewthat...,beconvincedthat...影響affecthaveaneffect/influence/impacton造成,導(dǎo)致causecontributeto,leadto,resultin,bringabout提高improve,raise,increasepromote,strengthen照顧lookafter,takecareoftendto,attendto類型3

人際關(guān)系

漢語意義普通表達升級表達向某人道歉saysorrytosb.makeanapologytosb.,apologizetosb.因某事感激某人thanksb.forsth.,bethankfultosb.forsth.begratefultosb.forsth.,expressone’sgratitudetosb.forsth.遇見meetcomeacross,encounter,runinto向某人求助asksb.forhelpturntosb.forhelp類型4

修飾形容

漢語意義普通表達升級表達不同種類的differentkindsofawiderangeof,avarietyof,various,varietiesof大量的,很多的anumberof,alotofaconsiderablenumberof,anoverwhelmingmajorityof,largequantitiesof,scoresof,dozensof,countless,numerous對……有益beusefulto,begoodforbeofgreatbenefitto,dogoodto,bebeneficialto由……組成bemadeupofconsistof,becomposedof漢語意義普通表達升級表達疲憊不堪betiredbewornout,feelexhausted立即immediatelywithouthesitation/delay擅長begoodatbeskilledat,haveagiftfor,haveagoodcommandof,beexpertat/in準時ontimeonschedule,punctually類型5

陳述事實

漢語意義普通表達升級表達幾天前afewdaysagotheotherday大家公認peoplethinkthat...it’sacknowledged/accepted/believedthat...實際上actuallyasamatteroffact談及talkof/about,mentionreferto,speakof,whenitcomesto顯然clearlyapparently,obviously應(yīng)該shouldbesupposedto關(guān)于aboutwithregardto,intermsof,asfor,regarding,concerning漢語意義普通表達升級表達通常usuallymoreoftenthannot有時

sometimesoccasionally,onceinawhile不得不做

havetodohavenochoicebuttodo僅僅onlynomorethan,merely只要aslongasonconditionthat在我看來inmyopinionasfarasI’mconcerned,personallyspeaking引起人們關(guān)注attractpeople’sattentionarouse/drawpeople’sconcern漢語意義普通表達升級表達越來越多的moreandmoreanincreasingnumberof,agrowingnumberof我擔心……I’mworriedthat...whatmakesmeworriedisthat...很重要beveryimportantbeofgreat/vitalimportance應(yīng)采取有效措施解決這個問題

shouldtakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblemeffectivemeasuresoughttobetakentodeal/copewiththeproblem漢語意義普通表達升級表達受歡迎bepopularwithenjoywidepopularityamong/with忽視ignorefailtooaccount,turnablindeyeto因為because(of)onaccountof,inthat,since,seeingthat,as,onthegroundsthat...與……有關(guān)的berelatedtobeassociated/connectedwith課堂應(yīng)用用高級詞匯替換下列句中的加黑詞語1.Surroundedbygreentrees,thefarmis

atthefootofthehillnearourschool.→Surroundedbygreentrees,thefarm

thefootofthehillnearourschool.

2.Therefore,Isincerely

call

onallofthestudentstolearncalligraphyandexplorethelegacyoftraditionalChineseculture.→Therefore,I

allofthestudentstolearncalligraphyandexplorethelegacyoftraditionalChineseculture.

islocatedatmakeasincereappealto3.SinceIhaveplannedmycareer,Iwouldtry

my

besttostudyalltherelatedcourseswell.I’msureIwillsucceed!→SinceIhaveplannedmycareer,Iwould

tostudyalltherelatedcourseswell.I’msureIwill

!4.Whateverformyoutake,dorememberthatyourworkshouldfocusonthebeautyofnature.→Whateverformyoutake,do

thatyourworkshouldfocusonthebeautyofnature.

sparenoeffortmakeitkeepinmind5.All

kinds

ofactivitieshavebeenheld,the

purpose

of

whichwastoraiseourawarenessofcampussafety.→

activitieshavebeenheld,

wastoraiseourawarenessofcampussafety.

6.Ifyouworkhard,youwillrealizeyourcollegedream.Ibelieveabrightfutureiswaitingforyou.→

youworkhard,youwillrealizeyourcollegedream.I

abrightfutureiswaitingforyou.

Various/AvarietyofwhosepurposeAslongasholdthefirmbeliefthat策略3句式豐富,彰顯能力若書面表達中的句子都采用簡單句,肯定不能得高分,合理使用精彩句式會使文章讀起來抑揚頓挫。因此應(yīng)多使用一些高級句式和復(fù)合句,讓句子“高人一籌”,亮點紛呈,彰顯考生的寫作能力。技法1活用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu),精簡表達1.運用非謂語動詞(短語)整合簡單句,提升表達It’swidelyacknowledgedthatChinaboastsabundantanduniquecultures.Theyrangefromcalligraphytofolkdancesandlocaloperas.→It’swidelyacknowledgedthatChinaboastsabundantanduniquecultures,ranging

from

calligraphy

to

folk

dances

and

local

operas.2.運用非謂語動詞(短語)簡化復(fù)合句,精煉語言在表達復(fù)雜含義的時候,常常用到復(fù)合句,句子有時會較長,考生可以利用非謂語動詞(短語)對復(fù)合句進行簡化,使語言更精練。WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeing

a

car

running

towards

her,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.技法2巧用三大從句,寫出文采1.運用定語從句,讓表述更豐滿Chengdusuccessfullyheldthe31stFISUSummerWorldUniversityGames,which

is

certain

to

strengthen

the

culture

bridge

between

East

and

West

again.(定語從句)成都成功舉辦了第31屆世界大學(xué)生夏季運動會,這肯定會再次加固東西方文化交流的橋梁。(2022全國乙卷)As

is

shown

by

the

figures

of

the

chart,thankstomoderntechnology,awiderangeofwaysareavailableforstudentstopolishtheirEnglish.(定語從句)正如圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)所示,得益于現(xiàn)代技術(shù),學(xué)生有很多方法來提高他們的英語水平。2.運用名詞性從句,讓表述更加具體(2022浙江1月卷)What

impressed

me

mostwastheCultureNight,wherepeoplefrombothcountriespresentedtheirwell-preparedartperformances.(主語從句)讓我印象最深刻的是“文化之夜”,兩國人民展示了他們精心準備的藝術(shù)表演。Idohopethat

you

will

have

a

bright

future

and

that

our

friendship

will

last

forever!(賓語從句)我十分希望你有一個光明的未來,我們的友誼地久天長!Deeplytouchedbywhat

we

did,peoplethereexpressedsinceregratitudeforourcommitment.(賓語從句)當?shù)厝嗣裆钍芨袆?對我們的努力表示由衷的感謝。3.運用狀語從句,讓邏輯更清晰(2022全國乙卷)As

long

as

we

devote

ourselves

to

English

learning,wewouldmakegreatimprovement.(條件狀語從句)只要我們致力于英語學(xué)習,我們就會取得很大的進步。技法3活用特殊句式,升級表達1.運用強調(diào)句,突出重點

(2022全國乙卷)Frommyperspective,whatevermethodwechoose,it

is

our

inner

interest

and

enthusiasm

thatallowustomakebrilliantprogressinEnglish.從我的角度來看,無論我們選擇什么方法,是我們內(nèi)在的興趣和熱情讓我們在英語上取得輝煌的進步。

(2022全國乙卷)AsfarasI’mconcerned,it

is

not

how

we

learn

English

but

our

determination

to

learn

English

that

actually

matters.在我看來,真正重要的不是我們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習英語,而是我們學(xué)習英語的決心。(2022全國甲卷)Ido

believethatonlywithjointeffortscanwehaveabettertomorrow.我相信,只有大家共同努力,我們才能擁有更美好的明天。2.運用倒裝句,以示強調(diào)(2022全國甲卷)Itismyfirmbeliefthatonly

with

joint

efforts

can

we

have

a

better

tomorrow.我堅信,只有大家共同努力,我們才能擁有更美好的明天。(2021全國乙卷)Convenient

as

online

learning

is,staringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultooureyes.雖然網(wǎng)絡(luò)學(xué)習很方便,但長時間看屏幕對我們的眼睛有害。(2021新高考全國Ⅰ卷)So

patiently

did

their

father

instruct

themthatthetwinsmadethebreakfastfastandwell.父親耐心地指導(dǎo)他們,因此雙胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。3.運用虛擬語氣,表達看法Had

it

not

been

foryourselflessassistance,Icouldn’t

have

madesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.如果沒有你無私的幫助,我不可能在英語上取得如此大的進步。4.運用省略句式,避免累贅When

preparingforthecompetition,youneedtohavemuchknowledgeaboutChinesestories.在準備比賽時,你需要了解很多有關(guān)中國故事的知識。5.適時感嘆,傳遞情感(2021新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Howdeliciousthebreakfastwas!多么美味的早餐啊!(2020全國Ⅱ卷)Whatawonderfultimewehadpickingapplesonthefarm!我們在農(nóng)場摘蘋果的時光多么美好啊!課堂應(yīng)用單句寫作1.IfeltsoluckytohavebeenselectedasavolunteerfortheBeijingWinterOlympicGames,

.

我很幸運能被選為北京冬奧會的志愿者,為來自世界各地的運動員服務(wù)。2.(2022新高考全國Ⅰ卷)Theradioprogramwasfoundedin2016,_________________________________________________________________________________________________tosharetheirschoollife.

這個電臺節(jié)目成立于2016年,旨在為同學(xué)們提供一個分享校園生活的良好平臺。servingtheathletesfromallovertheglobethepurposeofwhichistoprovideagoodplatformforthestudents/aimingtoprovideagoodplatformforthestudents3.Itwasmytwelfthbirthday,and

.那天是我十二歲的生日,我最想要的是一輛新自行車。4.

,butitalsomademeproudofmyselfforplayingapartintheGames.

志愿者工作不僅開闊了我的視野,也讓我為自己能在奧運會上發(fā)揮作用而感到自豪。5.

sohard-workingareyouthat

.

我相信,你那么努力工作,你會很容易成功的。6.

wewentbacktoschoolundertheguidanceofourteachers.

直到中午我們才在老師的指引下回到學(xué)校。whatIreallywantedmostwasanewbicycleNotonlydidthevolunteerworkbroadenmyhorizonsIdobelievethatitwillbeeasyforyoutomakeitItwasnotuntilnoonthat策略4過渡巧妙,完美文章過渡詞語和短語就像紐帶一樣把文章緊緊連接起來,又像潤滑劑一樣使文章銜接流暢。銜接過渡詞可以分為“啟、承、轉(zhuǎn)、合”四類。1.用于“啟”的過渡詞語有asyouknow,asisshowninthe...,firstofall,foronething,aboveall,ontheonehand,inasense,tostartwith等。(2021浙江卷)As

far

as

I

know,thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.據(jù)我所知,這個展覽將在學(xué)校美術(shù)館持續(xù)半個月。(2022全國甲卷)First

of

all,whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.首先,我們能做的就是重視我們的日常行為。2.用于“承”的過渡詞語有secondly,also,inaddition,foranotherthing,forthispurpose,furthermore,whatismore,forexample,inotherwords,infact,atthesametime,asaresult,therefore等。(2021全國甲卷)What’s

more,ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements,whatshouldIdo?更重要的是,如果我想用一些中國元素來裝飾我的網(wǎng)站,我應(yīng)該怎么做?(2020江蘇卷)For

another,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.另一方面,中國有著悠久的歷史和豐富的文化。(2019天津卷)Meanwhile,I’malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture,whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.同時,我也有興趣在您的課上學(xué)習一些民間舞,這將有助于我提高我的舞蹈水平。3.用于“轉(zhuǎn)”的過渡詞語有afterall,but,however,onthecontrary,incontrast,otherwise,while,though,despite,inspiteof,allthesame,asamatte