新教材適用2025版高考英語二輪總復(fù)習(xí)第2部分閱讀能力突破篇專題1閱讀理解專題模擬訓(xùn)練議論文類

爭論文類A(2024·四川省南充市高三三模)InNovember,2024,artificialintelligence(AI)researchanddevelopmentcompanyOpenAIreleasedachatbotservicecalledChatGPT．Ithastheabilitytocompletealmostanytaskitisasked,fromdebuggingcodetowritingpoetry．“HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠懇),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology—ifusedappropriately—couldenhanceeducation，”saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN．WithChatGPT'slong-termimpactsahead,determiningitsuseinacademicsisstillgrayarea．Whilestudentscanuseittocheatonassignmentsandexams,thereareavarietyofwaysstudentsuseChatGPT,includingresearching,brainstorming,codingandpreparingforjobinterviews．Someinstructorsarecrackingdown(嚴厲打擊)onstudentswhentheysuspecttheuseofachatbot,butWeixel,ateacherofInstituteofCurriculum,saidshewantstotakeadifferentapproach．WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments．JimHall,aninstructorofWritingStudies,saidherecognizesthedilemmateachersarefacingwithChatGPT．Hesaidheacceptsstudents'useofchatbotstoassistinbrainstorming,butsimplycopyingandpassingcontentwrittenbytheserviceisplagiarism(抄襲)．“It'scausingalotofheartburnforinstructors，”Hallsaid．“Thetechnologyhaschanged,buttheethicshavenot．”Inarecentstudy,UMN'sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents．ThebotreceivedaC-minus．TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold．1．WhatwasLeopold'sattitudetowardsChatGPT？A．Concernedbutskeptical．B．Supportivebutpuzzled．C．Acceptablebutconcerned．D．Favorablebutdisappointed．2．WhatwasWeixel'sdifferentapproachtousingChatGPT？A．ToincorporateChatGPTintoclasswork．B．TouseChatGPTasabrainstormingtool．C．TocombineChatGPTwithchatsoftware．D．ToapplyChatGPT'sproductivepowertoexam．3．WhatcanweinferfromtheresultoftheexperimentconductedbyUMN'sprofessors？A．ChatGPTisnomatchforotherstudents．B．ChatGPThasmanyimplicationsanduses．C．ChatGPT'sperformancemaybeoverestimated．D．ChatGPT'sperformancelivesuptoexpectations．4．Whatwillmostprobablybetalkedaboutnext？A．TheimplicationsofChatGPTinotherareas．B．SomemorepracticalservicesofChatGPT．C．AfurtherstudyontransformingthefunctionofChatGPTeffectively．D．ExamplesofhowChatGPTequipsstudentswithknowledgeofjobs．【語篇解讀】本文為一篇爭論文。文章就ChatGPT在學(xué)術(shù)界的利弊進行了探討，各位教授就ChatGPT對學(xué)生的影響提出了不同的觀點。1．C觀點看法題。依據(jù)其次段“‘HavingspokenwithpeoplebothattheUMNandatotheruniversities,mygeneralimpressionisthat,whiletherearecertainlysomeanxietiesaboutacademicintegrity(誠懇),thereisalsoasenseofopportunityinthat;thistechnology—ifusedappropriately—couldenhanceeducation，’saidLeopold,aprofessorattheUMN．(‘在與UMN和其他高校的人交談后，我的總體印象是，雖然對學(xué)術(shù)誠信確定存在一些擔(dān)憂，但也有一種機會的感覺；假如運用得當(dāng)，這項技術(shù)可以提高教化水平，’UMN教授利奧波德說。)”可知，Leopold認為運用ChatGPT得當(dāng)，可以提高教化水平，但是同時也表達了因ChatGPT帶來的對學(xué)術(shù)誠信的擔(dān)憂。故選C。2．A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“WeixelsaidsheisawaresomestudentswilluseChatGPTtocheatonassignments,butsheknowsAIuseisgainingpowerandwouldliketointegrateitsidea-generatingabilitiesintosomeclassassignments．(Weixel說她知道一些學(xué)生會運用ChatGPT在作業(yè)中作弊，但她知道人工智能的運用正在變得越來越強大，并希望將其創(chuàng)意生成實力整合到一些課堂作業(yè)中。)”可知，Weixel希望將ChatGPT整合到課堂作業(yè)中。故選A。3．C推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“Inarecentstudy,UMN'sprofessorsrananexperimentinwhichtheycomparedtheperformanceofChatGPTinclassworktootherstudents．ThebotreceivedaC-minus．(在最近的一項探討中，UMN的教授們進行了一項試驗，他們將ChatGPT在課堂上的表現(xiàn)與其他學(xué)生進行了比較。這個機器人得到了一個C-的分數(shù)。)”，機器人考了低分，說明ChatGPT的性能可能被高估了。故選C。4．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“TherearestillmanyunknownimplicationsandusesofChatGPT,butlearningmoreaboutAIcanbenefitstudentsastheypreparetogetintoaworkforce,wheretheymayusetheseservices,accordingtoLeopold．(依據(jù)利奧波德的說法，ChatGPT仍舊有很多未知的含義和用途，但更多地了解人工智能可以使學(xué)生們在打算進入勞動力市場時受益，他們可能會運用這些服務(wù)。)”可知，ChatGPT還可以有很多用途，學(xué)習(xí)運用ChatGPT有助于學(xué)生在打算進入勞動力市場時受益，因此下一段可能會舉例說明ChatGPT如何使學(xué)生具備工作學(xué)問。故選D。B(2024·遼寧省鞍山市一般中學(xué)高三二模)Wehavelongbeenattractedbyquicksolutionsthatcouldincreaseourintelligence．Today,people'shopeslieinbraintrainingapps,someofwhichclaimtoresultin“smarterminds”．Butisthisquicksolutionallitissaidtobe?Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術(shù)),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames．Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,thesmarteryouwillget．Itisreallyabigpromise．Manyoftheappssaytheyarebasedon“science”，aclaimIfoundsurprisingasaformerneuroscientist(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)．Theconceptthatincreasingintelligencewouldbeassimpleaspracticingafewmini-gameseverydayfliesinthefaceofwhatwehavediscoveredabouthowhumansthinkandlearn．Aftersurveyingthousandsofusersacrossawidevarietyofapps,researchersatWesternUniversityinCanadadiscoveredthatbraintraininghadnogreateffectoncognitive(認知的)functioningintherealworld．Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．Ifyouareexpectingthemtoimproveyourabilitytowriteanovelormakeacomplexcomputerprogram,Iamafraidyouwillwanttolookelsewhere．Puzzlevideogamessuchas“BabaIsYou”and“ReturnoftheObraDinn”，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini-game．5．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutbraintrainingapps？A．Theyhavescientificsupport．B．Theyworkintheformofgames．C．Theyrequireproblem-solvingskills．D．Theyarebasedoncomplexarithmetic．6．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“fliesinthefaceof”inParagraph3mean？A．Goesintodetailsof．B．Takesadvantageof．C．Goesagainst．D．Comesfrom．7．Whichbestdescribestheeffectsthatbraintrainingappshaveonmemory？A．Limited． B．Indirect．C．Damaging． D．Far-reaching．8．Whatistheauthor'sattitudeto“BabaIsYou”？A．Doubtful． B．Intolerant．C．Uninterested． D．Favorable．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文。文章探討了大腦訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序在提高認知實力和智力方面的有效性，說明白雖然這些應(yīng)用程序可以提高一些特定技能，但對其他技能的好處有限，并且它們的整體有效性是值得懷疑的。解謎視頻嬉戲可能供應(yīng)了一種更困難和有效的訓(xùn)練認知實力的方式。5．B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術(shù)),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames．(有很多大腦訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序，但它們都有相同的特點：它們將簡潔的算術(shù)、記憶測試、邏輯和模式匹配問題等心理練習(xí)變成了快速嬉戲。)”可知，腦力訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序以嬉戲的形式發(fā)揮作用。故選B。6．C詞句揣測題。依據(jù)其次段“Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,thesmarteryouwillget．Itisreallyabigpromise．(一些應(yīng)用程序告知我們，你玩這些迷你嬉戲越多，你就會變得越聰慧。這真的是一個很大的承諾。)”可知，作者認為靠玩嬉戲變聰慧是一個很大的承諾。結(jié)合第四段“Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．(已經(jīng)發(fā)覺的主動影響僅限于特別特定的小嬉戲和用戶接受訓(xùn)練的任務(wù)，比如記憶單詞或數(shù)字列表的實力，或進行心算的實力，對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。)”可知，通過玩嬉戲進行的腦力訓(xùn)練對認知功能等其他技能沒有好處，這一很大的承諾并不能達成。作者認為腦力訓(xùn)練的理念違反了人類思索和學(xué)習(xí)的原理，并未達到預(yù)期效果。故選C。7．A推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段“Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills．(已經(jīng)發(fā)覺的主動影響僅限于特別特定的小嬉戲和用戶接受訓(xùn)練的任務(wù)，比如記憶單詞或數(shù)字列表的實力，或進行心算的實力，對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。)”可知，已知的腦力訓(xùn)練的主動影響僅限于特別特定的一些小嬉戲和訓(xùn)練任務(wù)，但對其他技能幾乎沒有好處。腦力訓(xùn)練對記憶力的提高具有局限性。故選A。8．D觀點看法題。依據(jù)最終一段“Puzzlevideogamessuchas‘BabaIsYou’and‘ReturnoftheObraDinn’，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini-game．(益智電子嬉戲，如‘BabaIsYou’和‘ReturnoftheObraDinn’使玩家能夠以比任何腦力訓(xùn)練迷你嬉戲困難得多的方式運用他們的邏輯、記憶和留意力技巧。)”可知，作者認為“BabaIsYou”和“ReturnoftheObraDinn”這類益智嬉戲更能激發(fā)玩家在邏輯、記憶和留意力方面的實力，其困難程度遠超過任何腦力訓(xùn)練小嬉戲。由此推知，作者是對“BabaIsYou”這類益智嬉戲持贊成看法。故選D。C(2024·廣東省汕頭市一般高考一模)“Medicine,law,business,engineering,thesearenoblepursuits,andnecessarytosustainlife．Butpoetry,beauty,romance,love,thesearewhatwestayalivefor．”Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer．Likesomepeople,Igrewupwithafamilythatvaluedacademicsoverallelse,whogaveyoualittleextralovewhenyouweredoinggreatinyourclasses,andtookitawaywhenyoudidn't．Asaresult,myself-worthbecametiedtomyacademicsuccess．Asaninternationalstudent,Isometimesfeltourparentsdidn'tquiteunderstandtheheavyacademicweight．Thereisadifferencebetweentryingtoalwaysbetteryourselfforyourself,andsimplyputtingtoomuchonyourplateuntilyouburnoutfromattemptingtoliveuptocertainexpectations．Weshouldallstrivetodotheformer,butunfortunatelyourmindsetshavebeenalwayswiredtofollowthelatter．Iusedtobelieveschoolkilledthecreativespiritinsideallofus,butasIgetolderandfurtherintomyacademiccareer,Ifindthatitiswewhomakethechoicetokillthatcreativespirit．IamdefinitelynotsayingthatyoushouldthrowyourGPAoutofthewindowandgopaintingallday．However,weshouldalltrytodevelopalong-sightedperspectiveonhowwewanttoshapeourlives．Takesomeclassesontopicsthatyou'regenuinelyinterestedinlearningabout,notjustpassing．Joinclubsorworkonprojectsthatresonatewithyouandpushyoubeyondyourboundaries．Andmostofall,acceptthefactthatfailureandlossaresometimesinevitableinlife．Ipromiseyou,whenyoulookbackatthesefouryears,youwillnotrememberthegoodgradesorthebadgrades,butyouwillholdinyourmemorytheconnectionsyoumadewithpeople,thethingsthatinspiredyoutocreateandthetimesyoulearnedsomethingspecial．AndsoIaskyounow,whatdoyouwanttogetoutofcollege?9．Whoistheauthorofthepassage？A．Aprofessor． B．Afreshman．C．Aparent． D．Agraduate．10．Whatdidtheauthor'sparentsstressmostonhiscollegelife？A．Seekinghappiness．B．Gettinggoodgrades．C．Buildingself-worth．D．Developingvariousinterests．11．Whatisbetteringourselvesforaccordingtotheauthor？A．Tobeabetterself．B．Torealizeourdreams．C．Topushourboundaries．D．Toliveuptoothers'expectations．12．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthorprobablyagreewith？A．Academicgrowthhelpstopromotecreativity．B．Studentsthemselveshaveasayintheirhobbies．C．Failurescanbeavoidedwithmoreeffortsputin．D．Schoolistoblameforkillingstudents'creativity．【語篇解讀】本文是一篇爭論文。作者認為自己四年前一味沉迷于好成果，沒有從高校所能供應(yīng)的一切中找尋歡樂。告知讀者應(yīng)當(dāng)參與一些你真正感愛好的課程，而不是敷衍了事，從高校中學(xué)到特殊的東西。9．D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“Thisisdedicatedtomyfirst-yearselffouryearsago,whowasaddictedtogettinggoodgrades,andfailedtoseekthehappinessfoundineverythingelsethatcollegehastooffer．(這句話獻給