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船舶控制系統(tǒng)智慧樹(shù)知到期末考試答案+章節(jié)答案2024年哈爾濱工程大學(xué)Shipshavemanyanti-rolldevices,amongwhichthemostwidelyusedisthecombinationofanti-rollfinandanti-rolltank.(船舶設(shè)置減搖裝置有許多,其中應(yīng)用最多的是減搖鰭和減搖水艙組合方式。)()

答案:對(duì)Shipmaneuverabilityexperimentmainlyincludesfourexperiments:rotarytest,Z-shapetest,spiraltestandrollreductiontest.(船舶操縱性實(shí)驗(yàn)主要有回轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)、Z形試驗(yàn)、螺旋試驗(yàn)、減搖試驗(yàn)四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。)()

答案:錯(cuò)AccordingtoFroude-Krylovhypothesis,interferingforcesandtorquesarecausedonlybyfluidpressure.(根據(jù)傅汝德-克雷洛夫假設(shè),干擾力及力矩僅由流體壓力引起的。)()

答案:對(duì)Ridingandridingwavesdonotaffectthemovementoftheboat.(順浪和頂浪不影響影響船的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)()

答案:錯(cuò)TheAngleofencounteristheAnglebetweenthewave'sdirectionoftravelandtheship'scourse.(Right)(遭遇角是波浪傳播方向與船舶航向間的夾角。)()

答案:對(duì)Aship'ssteeringwheelshouldbekeptinthesamepositionatalltimesinordertokeepsailingstraight.(在航行中,船舶的舵輪應(yīng)該一直保持在同一個(gè)位置上,以保持直線航行。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Thelengthbetweentheverticallinesofaship'smasteristhelengthfromtheleadingedgeofthebowposttothetrailingedgeoftherudderpostorthecenterlineofthetilleralongthedesignedsummerloadwaterline.(船長(zhǎng)式船舶垂線間長(zhǎng)代表船長(zhǎng),即沿設(shè)計(jì)夏季載重水線,由首柱前緣至舵柱后緣或舵桿中心線的長(zhǎng)度。)()

答案:對(duì)Therelativespeedandflowrateoftheflaprudderworkinginthewakefieldaftertheshipareaffectedbythehull.(襟翼舵在船后伴流場(chǎng)中工作的相對(duì)速度、流動(dòng)速度都受船體影響。)()

答案:對(duì)Therearesixbasicrequirementsforanautomaticrudder:1.Ithasacertainsensitivity.2.ItcanproduceasteadyrudderAngle.3.ItcanproducerudderpressureAngle.4.Itcanchangecourseeasily.5Canreliablychangesteeringmode.6.Beabletomakeavarietyofadjustments.(對(duì)自動(dòng)舵的基本要求有如下六條1.具有一定的靈敏度.2能產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)舵角3.能產(chǎn)生壓舵角.4.能方便地改變航向。5能可靠地轉(zhuǎn)換操舵方式。6.能夠進(jìn)行各種調(diào)節(jié)。)()

答案:對(duì)Openthroughthebrowsertoparticipateinthevirtualsimulationexperiment.(通過(guò)瀏覽器打開(kāi)即可參與虛擬仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)。)()

答案:對(duì)Thepositionmeasurementsystemsinthedynamicpositioningsystemincludeunderwateracousticpositioningsystem,radiopositioningsystemandsatellitenavigationpositioningsystem.(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)中測(cè)量位置的系統(tǒng)有水聲定位系統(tǒng)、無(wú)線電定位系統(tǒng)、衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航定位系統(tǒng)。)()

答案:對(duì)Hydrofoilboatscanbedividedintothreetypesaccordingtotherelativepositionofwatersurfaceandhydrofoil:cuttype,shallowsubmersibletypeandfullsubmersibletype.(水翼艇按水面與水翼的相對(duì)位置主要分為割劃式,淺浸式,全浸式三種。)()

答案:對(duì)Theapplicationofdampingwatertankandheavyobjectsisverywide.(減搖水艙和重物減搖的應(yīng)用十分廣泛。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Shipstabilizerhasstabilizerfin,stabilizertank,weightstabilizer,gyroscopestabilizer,rudderstabilizerandMagnusstabilizer.(船舶減搖裝置有減搖鰭,減搖水艙,重物減搖,陀螺儀減搖,舵減搖,馬格納斯減搖。)()

答案:對(duì)Theadjustmentmethodofstabilityisverticalmovementofloadinsidetheshipandsymmetricalincreaseordecreaseofloadacrosstheship.(穩(wěn)性的調(diào)整方法式船內(nèi)載荷的垂向移動(dòng)及載荷橫向?qū)ΨQ增減。)()

答案:對(duì)Hydrofoilischaracteristicofrapiditycomparedwithordinaryships.(水翼艇相對(duì)于一般船舶的特點(diǎn)快速性。)()

答案:對(duì)Automaticreturntotheoriginalcourse,knownastheeffectiveaspectratio,steeringbacktotheoriginalcourse,knownastheeffectiveadvance.Automaticstabilityistheship'sownproperty,ortheeffectiveAngleofattackoftheship.(自動(dòng)回到原來(lái)的航向,稱為有效展弦比,操舵回到原來(lái)的航向,稱為有效進(jìn)速。自動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性是船的自身屬性,或稱為船的有效攻角。)()

答案:對(duì)Hydrofoilisawingmovinginwater,whichcanproduceliftingforcejustlikeawingmovinginair.(水翼是水中運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)翼,它與機(jī)翼在空氣中運(yùn)動(dòng)一樣能產(chǎn)生舉力。)()

答案:對(duì)Therudderprovidescontrolwithintheship'scross-sectionandisgenerallyinstalledinfrontoftheship'spropeller.(舵提供在船舶橫剖面內(nèi)的控制力,它一般安裝在船舶推進(jìn)器的前面。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Ternaryirregularwaveiscalledlongpeakwave.(三元不規(guī)則波稱為長(zhǎng)峰波。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Maneuverabilityofashipistheabilityoftheshiptomaintainorchangeitsmotionaccordingtotheintentionsofthedriver,thatis,theabilityoftheshiptomaintainorchangeitsdirection,positionanddistance.(船舶的操縱性是指船舶按照駕駛者的意圖保持或改變其運(yùn)動(dòng)的性能,即船舶能保持或改變其方向、位置和距離的性能。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Cuttinghydrofoiltypebycuttingthewatersurface,partonthewatersurface,partunderthewatersurface,usingtheincreaseordecreaseofthesubmergedareaofthehydrofoilcausedbyliftchanges,tomaintaintheheightoftheboatandlongitudinalandtransversestability.(割劃式水翼艇式通過(guò)割劃水面,一部分在水面上,一部分在水面下,利用水翼浸水面積增減引起的升力變化,來(lái)保持艇的飛高與縱、橫穩(wěn)性。)()

答案:對(duì)

答案:錯(cuò)Hydrofoilsatseagenerallysailinunmannedmodewhendisturbedbylongwavewaves.(水翼艇在海上航行時(shí),當(dāng)受到長(zhǎng)波海浪擾動(dòng)時(shí),一般采取無(wú)人模式航行。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Intheselectionofshiprolldeviceshouldconsidertheeffectofrollingreduction,theoccupationofspaceinsidetheship,theimpactontheshipperformance,therequiredpower,economyandotherfactors.(在選擇船舶橫搖裝置時(shí)應(yīng)該考慮減搖效果、占用船內(nèi)空間、對(duì)船舶性能的影響、所需動(dòng)力、經(jīng)濟(jì)性等因素。)()

答案:對(duì)Commonwavespectraare

.(常見(jiàn)的海浪譜有

)。()

答案:Pierson-moskovich(P-M)spectrum(皮爾遜-莫斯柯維奇(P-M)譜);ITTCsingleparameterspectrum,(ITTC單參數(shù)譜、);Wenshengconstantspectrum,(文圣常譜、);JONSWAPspectrum(JONSWAP譜);Laumannspectrum(勞曼譜);TorSethaugenscore.(TorSethaugen譜。);ITTCtwo-parameterspectrum,(ITTC雙參數(shù)譜、)Fluidforcescanbedividedintotwocategoriesaccordingtotheircauses:oneis

andtheotheris

.(流體動(dòng)力按其產(chǎn)生的原因可分為兩類(lèi):一類(lèi)是

,另一類(lèi)是

。)()

答案:Fluidviscosityforces(流體黏性力);Fluidinertiaforce(流體慣性力)Hydrofoilboatscanbedividedinto

,

and

accordingtoloaddistribution.(水翼艇按載荷分布,分為

、

、

。)()

答案:Tandemtype(串聯(lián)式);Duckstyle(鴨式);AirplaneStyle(飛機(jī)式)Thedynamicpositioningsystemmainlyincludesthefollowingfunctions:fixedpointcontrol,trackcontrol,trackcontrolandtrackingcontrol.(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)主要包括如下功能:定點(diǎn)控制、航跡控制、循線控制和跟蹤控制。)()

答案:對(duì)Adjustablepitchpropellersimprovepropulsionbychangingthesizeofthepropeller.(可調(diào)距螺旋槳提高推進(jìn)力的原理是改變螺旋槳的尺寸。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Inshipcontrolanalysis,thecommoncoordinatesystemsarehullcoordinatesystemandgroundcoordinatesystem.(在船舶控制分析中,常用的坐標(biāo)系有船體坐標(biāo)系和地面坐標(biāo)系。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Servorudderisgenerallycomposedofsteeringgear,controller,sensor,etc.,butithastheshortcomingsofslowresponsespeedandlowaccuracy.(隨動(dòng)舵一般由舵機(jī)、控制器、傳感器等組成,但有響應(yīng)速度慢、精度低等缺點(diǎn)。)()

答案:錯(cuò)Inshipdesign,whichofthefollowingfactorswillaffectthestabilityoftheship?(在船舶設(shè)計(jì)中,以下哪些因素會(huì)影響到船舶的穩(wěn)定性?)()

答案:Loadcapacity(載重量);Hullshape(船身形狀);Deepwaterandlargewaves(水深和海浪大)Inshipcontrolsystemresearch,colourednoiseisoften

usedtosimulateoceanwaves.(在船舶控制系統(tǒng)研究中,經(jīng)常的有色噪聲來(lái)模擬海浪。)()

答案:normaldistribution(正態(tài)分布)Whenashipissubjectedtocontinuousdisturbanceatsea,coursestabilityandrotationalmotionstabilitycannotbemeasuredbydirecttestmethod,soindirecttestmethod

mustbeused.(船舶在海上受到持續(xù)干擾后,往往不能用直接用試驗(yàn)方法測(cè)定船舶的航向穩(wěn)定性和旋回運(yùn)動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性,必須用間接的試驗(yàn)方法即

)()

答案:Spiraltest(螺旋試驗(yàn))Thesecondorderwaveinterferenceforcehasgreatinfluenceontheship's

motion(二階波浪干擾力對(duì)船舶的運(yùn)動(dòng)影響較大。)()

答案:roll(橫搖)Theeffectofthehullonthehydrodynamicforceoftherudderdoesnotinclude

below.(船體對(duì)舵水動(dòng)力的影響不包括以

。)()

答案:effectivesensitivity(有效靈敏度)Bilgekeelisa

typeanti-rolldevicebasedon

rolldampingtoreduceroll.(舭龍骨是基于

橫搖阻尼以減小橫搖的

式減搖裝置。)()

答案:Increasepassive(增加被動(dòng))

答案:Gettingsmaller(變小)Theheightrangeofmeaningfulwavesapplicableto4coastalseaconditionsis

.(適用我國(guó)沿海海況中4級(jí)海況的有義波高范圍是

。)()

答案:1.25m-2.5m(1.25m-2.5m)Anti-rollfincontrolsystemconsistsof:measuringelement,controller,

,auxiliarypart.(減搖鰭控制系統(tǒng)的組成有:測(cè)量元件、控制器、

、輔助部分。)()

答案:Followersystem(隨動(dòng)系統(tǒng))Thedynamicpositioningsystemmainlyincludesthefollowingsubsystems:

,controlsystemandthrustsystem.(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)主要包括以下幾個(gè)子系統(tǒng):

、控制系統(tǒng)和推力系統(tǒng))。()

答案:Measurementsystem(測(cè)量系統(tǒng))Workingstateisthemostcommontypeofworkingstateforanautorudder.(

工作狀態(tài)是自動(dòng)舵最常用的一種工作狀態(tài)。)()

答案:Followrudder(隨動(dòng)舵)Commonlyusedanti-rollingdevicesincludeanti-rollingfins,passiveanti-rollingtanks,andcontrollablepassiveanti-rollingtanks.Whentheshipissailing,theyarearrangedaccordingtothesizeofthecomprehensiveanti-rollingeffect.(常用的減搖裝置有減搖鰭、被動(dòng)式減搖水艙、可控被動(dòng)式減搖水艙,在船舶航行時(shí),按綜合減搖效果大小排列,下面順序?qū)Φ氖牵ǎ?/p>

答案:Stabilizerfin,controlledpassivestabilizertank,passivestabilizertank(減搖鰭、可控被動(dòng)式減搖水艙、被動(dòng)式減搖水艙)Themaincauseofthewaveis

.(海浪產(chǎn)生的主要原因是

。)()

答案:Seabreeze(海風(fēng))Themainfunctionoftheshiploadlinemarkistodeterminewhat.(船舶載重線標(biāo)志的主要作用是為確定什么。)()

答案:Shipfreeboard(船舶干舷)Themostcommonlyusedstandardfordefiningthestrengthofoceanwavesisofoceanwaves.(定義海浪強(qiáng)弱最常用的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是海浪的)()。

答案:Waveheight(波高)ThefollowingiscorrectforthedifferentiallinkD:.(下列對(duì)微分環(huán)節(jié)D說(shuō)法正確的是)()。

答案:Reducingadjustmenttime(減少調(diào)節(jié)時(shí)間)Thefollowingwavesandheadwavesmainlyaffectship

.(順浪和頂浪主要影響船的

)()

答案:Longitudinalmovement(縱向運(yùn)動(dòng))Becausethehydrofoilbodyissymmetricalaboutthelongitudinalprofile,ifthecouplingmotionofeachdegreeoffreedomofhydrofoilisignored,thesix-degreeoffreedommotionofhydrofoilcanbedividedintolongitudinalmotionandtransversemotion.(由于水翼艇的的艇體關(guān)于縱剖面對(duì)稱,如果忽略水翼艇的各自由度的耦合運(yùn)動(dòng),可將水翼艇的六自由度運(yùn)動(dòng)分為縱向運(yùn)動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)和橫向運(yùn)動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。)()

答案:對(duì)Hydrofoilsgenerallysailin

modewhentheyaredisturbedbylongwavewaveswhilesailingatsea.()(水翼艇在海上航行時(shí),當(dāng)受到長(zhǎng)波海浪擾動(dòng)時(shí),一般采取

模式航行。)

答案:Followupmode(隨波模式)Hydrofoilscanbedividedintoducktype,aircrafttypeandtandemtypeaccordingtoloaddistribution.(水翼艇按載荷分布,分為鴨式、飛機(jī)式、串聯(lián)式。)()

答案:對(duì)TheprincipleofhydrofoilworkssimilarlytotheprincipleofKnooli.Whentheshipissailingathighspeedinwater,thereisapressuredifferencebetweentheuppersurfaceofthehydrofoil

,thewatervelocity

betweenthehydrofoilandthehull,andthepressure

betweentheupperandlowersurfacesofthehydrofoil,whichproducesacombinedpressureandmakesitproduceanupwardforcetoraisethehull.()(水翼艇原理的工作原理和努利原理相似,當(dāng)船在水中高速航行時(shí),水翼船的水翼上表面

,他與船體間的水流速度

,壓強(qiáng)

,在水翼的上、下表面存在壓強(qiáng)差,產(chǎn)生一個(gè)合壓強(qiáng),使其產(chǎn)生一個(gè)向上的合力將船體抬高。)

答案:Raised,large,small(凸起,大,?。〩ydrofoilboatsaredividedinto

and

accordingtothepositionofhydrofoilrelativetofreewater.()(水翼艇按水翼與自由水面的相對(duì)位置,分為

、

。)

答案:Fullimmersionwaterandhalfimmersion(全浸式水和半浸式)Thedynamicpositioningsystemmainlyincludesthefollowingfunctions:fixedpointcontrol,trackcontrol,linearcontroland().(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)主要包括如下功能:定點(diǎn)控制、航跡控制、循線控制和

答案:Trackingcontrol(跟蹤控制)Thepowerpositioningsystemmainlyincludesthefollowingsubsystems:(),controlsystemandthrustsystem.(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)主要包括以下幾個(gè)子系統(tǒng):

、控制系統(tǒng)和推力系統(tǒng)。)

答案:Measuringsystem(測(cè)量系統(tǒng))Amongthedisturbancestotheshipdynamicpositioningsystem,thedisturbancethatcausestheshiptoproducehigh-frequencymotionis().(船舶動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)受到的擾動(dòng)中,使船舶產(chǎn)生高頻運(yùn)動(dòng)的擾動(dòng)是

答案:Waves(浪)Inshipdynamicpositioning,forthesteadyflowwindactingontheship,thecontrolmethod

isgenerallyadoptedtoeliminateitsdisturbance.(在船舶動(dòng)力定位中,對(duì)于作用在船舶上的穩(wěn)流風(fēng)來(lái)說(shuō),一般采取

控制方法來(lái)消除其擾動(dòng)。)

答案:Feedforwardsystem(前饋系統(tǒng))Thesystemformeasuringpositioninthedynamicpositioningsystemis().(動(dòng)力定位系統(tǒng)中測(cè)量位置的系統(tǒng)有)

答案:Alloftheabove(以上都是)Whichofthefollowingworkingmodesofanti-rollwatertankhasthehighestenergyconsumption().(以下哪種減搖水艙工作方式能耗最高)

答案:Activerolldampingtank(主動(dòng)式減搖水艙)Thedevicesthatcanbeusedforshiprollreductionincludebilgekeel,finstabilizer,tankstabilizer,gyrostabilizer,rudderstabilizerandzerospeedstabilizer.(可用于船舶減搖的裝置有舭龍骨、減搖鰭、減搖水艙、陀螺減搖、舵減搖、零航速減搖。)()

答案:對(duì)Theanti-rollfincontrolsystemiscomposedofmeasuringelement,controllerandfollowersystem.(減搖鰭控制系統(tǒng)由測(cè)量元件、控制器、隨動(dòng)系統(tǒng)組成。)()

答案:對(duì)Themostidealpositionfortheanti-rollfintobeinstalledinaboatistheboat's().(減搖鰭在船上最理想的安裝位置是船的)

答案:Bilge(舭部)Thezerospeedstabilizerfinworksas().(零航速減搖鰭的工作原理為)

答案:Theactiveslapofthewaterproduceslift(主動(dòng)拍水產(chǎn)生升力)Theautopilotsystemisalsocomposedofsensitiveelement,controller,comparisonelement,amplifierelement,actuator,rudderAnglefeedbackandcoursefeedback.(自動(dòng)舵系統(tǒng)也是由敏感元件、控制器、比較元件、放大元件、執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)、舵角反饋和航向反饋所組成。)()

答案:對(duì)Theship's()motionisoftenintegratedintothedesignofship'scoursecontrolsystem.(在設(shè)計(jì)船舶航向控制系統(tǒng)時(shí),經(jīng)常把船舶運(yùn)動(dòng)綜合起來(lái)考慮。)

答案:Yaw,rollandpitch(艏搖、橫蕩和縱蕩)Thebasicrequirementsofautomaticrudderarethatithascertainsensitivity,canproducesteadyrudderAngle,canproducepressurerudderAngle,caneasilychangecourse,canreliablychangesteeringmode,canmakevariousadjustments;(自動(dòng)舵的基本要求是具有一定的靈敏度、能產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)舵角、能產(chǎn)生壓舵角、能方便地改變航向、能可靠地轉(zhuǎn)換操舵方式、能夠進(jìn)行各種調(diào)節(jié);)()

答案:對(duì)Thesensitiveelement(coursetransmitter)inthesystemisusedtomeasurethedeviationoftheship'scoursetothegivenvalue.Ontheship,()isusuallyusedasthesensitiveelement.(系統(tǒng)中的敏感元件(航向發(fā)送器)用來(lái)測(cè)量船舶航向?qū)o定值的偏差大小,在船舶上通常采用來(lái)作為敏感元件。)

答案:Compass(電羅經(jīng))Shipmaneuverabilityexperimentmainlyincludesfourexperiments:turningtest,"Z"typetest,spiraltestandreversespiraltest.(船舶操縱性實(shí)驗(yàn)主要有回轉(zhuǎn)試驗(yàn)、“Z”型試驗(yàn)、螺旋試驗(yàn)、逆螺旋實(shí)驗(yàn)四個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。)()

答案:對(duì)Matureoceanwavescanbethoughtofasastationaryrandomprocess(成熟期海浪可以認(rèn)為是一個(gè)平穩(wěn)隨機(jī)過(guò)程)()

答案:對(duì)Therangeofmeaningfulwaveheightofalargewavesaidontheseais().(海面上所說(shuō)的大浪的有義波高范圍是。)

答案:2.5m-4.0mOftenusingGaussiancolorednoisetosimulateoceanwaves(經(jīng)常用高斯分布的有色噪聲來(lái)模擬海浪)()

答案:對(duì)()Arandomwavespectrumthatiswellrepresentativeofactualfullgrowth.(能很好地代表實(shí)際的充分成長(zhǎng)的隨機(jī)海浪譜。)

答案:P-Mspectrum(P-M譜)Ridingandcrestwavesmainlyaffectthe

oftheboat.()。(順浪和頂浪主要影響船的。)

答案:Longitudinalmotion(縱向運(yùn)動(dòng))Flapscanbedividedintotrailingedgeflapsandleadingedgeflapsaccordingtotheinstallationpositionandspecificfunction.

)(依據(jù)所安裝部位和具體作用的不同,襟翼可分為后緣襟翼、前緣襟翼。)

答案:對(duì)Theforcesactingonamovingshipcanbedividedintothreecategories,namely,fluidforce,mainforce(controllingforce),andenvironmentaldisturbingforce.(

)(作用于運(yùn)動(dòng)中船舶上的力可分三類(lèi),即流體動(dòng)力、主動(dòng)力(控制力)、環(huán)境干擾力。)

答案:對(duì)Thesixfreemovementsoftheoceanmovingbodyarelongitudinal,transverse,vertical,pitch,rollandyaw.()(海洋運(yùn)動(dòng)體的六自由運(yùn)動(dòng)分別為縱蕩、橫蕩、垂蕩、縱搖、橫搖、艏搖。)

答案:對(duì)ManyhydrodynamictestresultsofMarineruddershavebeenpublishedinvariouscountries.Theyhavegivenhydrodynamicdataforrudderofvariousprofileforms,aspectratio,thicknessratio,sideprojectionshape,tipshapeandsweepAngle.ThemostwidelyusedsectionoftheNACAseriesisoftenlabeledNACAXYZZ.TherearefourArabicdigitsaftertheLatinalphabet,thefirsttwodigitsare

,andforthesymmetricalsection,itismarked"00";Thelasttwodigitsare

.()(各國(guó)發(fā)表了許多船用舵的系列水動(dòng)力試驗(yàn)結(jié)果。他們給出了各種剖面形式、展弦比、厚度比、側(cè)投影形狀、尖端形狀、后掠角的舵的水動(dòng)力資料。其中使用的最為廣泛的NACA系列剖面,常標(biāo)志為NACAXYZZ。其中拉丁字母后有四位阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,前兩位為

,對(duì)于對(duì)稱型剖面記為“00”;后兩位為

。)

答案:camberratio;Percentaget

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