山東省中學(xué)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三下5月預(yù)測(cè)熱身卷英語(yǔ)試題(解析版)

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省中學(xué)聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高三下5月預(yù)測(cè)熱身卷英語(yǔ)試題第一部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASmallWaysYouCanDonateMoneytoCharityThereareplentyofinnovativewaysthatyoucanhelppeopleinneed,evenwhenmoneyistight.Herearejustafewuniquewaystogive.FoodAngel,HongKongFoodinsecurityhasbecomeaglobalproblemforfamilies.InHongKong,thepeoplebehindtheFoodAngelprogramcollect45tonnesofediblesurplusfoodeachweekthatgrocerystores,restaurantsandindividualswouldotherwisedisposeof.Thatincludesfreshfruitsandvegetablesandotherperishables(易腐爛的食物)thataren’tnormallyacceptedinfood-donationboxes.Theimpactissignificant:Volunteersmakeandservearound20,000mealsanddistributemorethan11,000othermealsandfoodpackseveryday.FrigosSolidaires,FranceImagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.FrigosSolidaires,orSolidarityFridges,wasstartedwiththataimbyDouniaMebtoul,ayoungrestaurateurinParis.Now,130fridgesinstalledinfrontofplacessuchasshopsandschoolsofferfreefoodtothehungryacrossFrance.StuffABus,CanadaInEdmonton,thetransitserviceparksvehiclesinfrontofsupermarketsforitsannual“StuffaBus”campaigneachNovember.Volunteerscollectfoodandcashdonationsfromshopperstofillbusesboundforfoodbanks.Sinceitsstartin1995,thecampaignhascollected553,000kilogramsoffoodandroughlyhalfamilliondollars.RiceBucketChallenge,IndiaHeardoftheIceBucketChallenge?Youtakeavideoofyourselfdumpingabucketoficewateroveryourhead,thennominate(指定)threemorepeopletodothesame.Insomeversions,theparticipantdonates$100iftheydon’tcompletethechallenge.“IthoughtitwasanamazingwaytoraiseawarenessofALSandraisefunds,”recallsManjuKalanidhi,ajournalistinHyderabad,India.Butitdidn’tmakesenseinhercountry,wherewateristooprecioustowaste,evenforagoodcause.Thenin2014,ithither:WhynotmakeitaRiceBucketChallengetofighthunger?“Igaveabucketofricetosomeoneinneedandclickedaphoto.IshareditonFacebookandsaid,‘ThisisaRiceBucketChallenge.Whydon’tyoudoit,too?’”P(pán)articipantsdonateabucketofricetoanindividualorfamily—no,it’snotdumped—takeaphotoandpostitonsocialmediawithamessageencouragingotherstodothesame.1.Whichonecanhelppeopleinneedgetfoodwithouthurtingtheirpride?A.FoodAngel,HongKong B.FrigosSolidaires,FranceC.StuffABus,Canada D.RiceBucketChallenge,India2.WhatdoyouknowaboutRiceBucketChallengeinIndia?A.ItisanamazingwaytoraiseawarenessofALS.B.ItwasinspiredbytheIceBucketChallenge.C.Abucketofriceisgivenanddumped.D.Abucketofwaterisdonatedforagoodcause.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toexplainhowimportanttohelppeopleinneed.B.Toinspirereaderstostartanon-profitorganization.C.Tointroducesomecreativewaystogiveaway.D.Toappealtoreaderstodonatemoneytocharity.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幾種做慈善的新的方式?！即鸢浮?.B2.B3.C【1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“FrigosSolidaires,France”中“Imagineifthoseinneedcouldhelpthemselvestofoodwithanonymity(匿名)anddignity.”（想象一下，如果那些需要幫助的人可以匿名和有尊嚴(yán)地幫助自己獲得食物。）可知，F(xiàn)rigosSolidaires,France可以幫助人們不傷自尊地、有尊嚴(yán)地得到食物。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“HeardoftheIceBucketChallenge?”（聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)冰桶挑戰(zhàn)嗎？）和最后一段“Butitdidn’tmakesenseinhercountry,wherewateristooprecioustowaste,evenforagoodcause.Thenin2014,ithither:WhynotmakeitaRiceBucketChallengetofighthunger?”（但在她的國(guó)家，這是行不通的，因?yàn)樗滟F了，不能浪費(fèi)，即使是為了一個(gè)好的理由。然后在2014年，她突然想到：為什么不把它變成一個(gè)對(duì)抗饑餓的米桶挑戰(zhàn)呢？）可知，米桶挑戰(zhàn)是受到冰桶挑戰(zhàn)的啟發(fā)而創(chuàng)設(shè)的。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章題目“SmallWaysYouCanDonateMoneyToCharity”（捐款給慈善機(jī)構(gòu)的小方法）和第一段“Thereareplentyofinnovativewaysthatyoucanhelppeopleinneed,evenwhenmoneyistight.Herearejustafewuniquewaystogive.”（有很多創(chuàng)新的方法可以幫助有需要的人，即使在資金緊張的時(shí)候。這里有一些獨(dú)特的給予方式。）可知，本文主要是為了介紹幾種創(chuàng)新方式做慈善。故選C。BWhichoftheseingredientshaveyoucookedwithoreaten,wildrice,rabbitsorroses?Actually,theywerepartofNativeAmericancuisineinthepast.SeanShermanisacheffromtheOglalaLakotatribe,whoisattemptingsomethingremarkable.Throughhiscompanyandhisrestaurant,Shermanisbringingtheseingredientsbackintothepubliceye.SeanShermangrewuponthePineRidgeReservation.Asareservationkid,Shermanusuallydidn’thaveaccesstohigh-qualityortastyfood.HisfamilyreliedontheCommoditySupplementalFoodProgram,whichmeantcannedgoods,tastelessfood,andpowderedmilk.Afterhighschool,ShermanstartedworkingfortheForestService.Aspartofhisjob,hehadtolearnthenamesoftheplants,whichraisedhiscuriosityaboutindigenous(本土的)plantsandfoods.Shermanstarteddoinglotsofresearchonhisown,andhestartedhiscompanyin2014.Afewyearslater,ShermanopenedhisrestaurantOwamni,whereheshowednativeingredientsandflavors.Themostsignificantfeatureoftherestaurantisthenativeingredients,noneofwhichisrelatedtoEuropeancivilizations.Thevibeintherestaurantistotallyuniqueaswell.There,alotofpeoplearereallystruckbyit,becauseit’snottypicaltobeabletogosomeplaceandseetheirnativefoodsonthemenu,seenativepeoplecookingthefoodandlistentonativemusic.Therefore,it’sawhollyuniqueexperienceandit’ssomethingthat’sreallyspecial.Nativecuisineallowsnativepeopletoexploretheirhistoriesandcultures.Itsupportslocalbusinessesandcomeswithahostofhealthbenefits.“WeshouldhavenativerestaurantsineverycitytoshowthediversityandflavorsofallthedifferenttribesacrossNorthAmericaandthushaveafuturewherenativecuisineismorewidespread,andingredientsaremorefamiliarandwellknown,”Shermanexplains.4.WhendidSeanShermanbecomeinterestedinnativefoods?A.Ashewasareservationkid.B.Beforeheenteredhighschool.C.Whenheworkedasachefinarestaurant.D.Whenhewasworkingintheforestdepartment.5.WhatisthemostimportantfeatureofSherman’srestaurant?A.Theingredientsusedarenative.B.Nativemusicisplayedallthetime.C.Diverseingredientsarecombinedineachdish.D.Itisareflectionofmodernnativecivilization.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vibe”inparagraph4mean?A.Service. B.Decoration. C.Scenery. D.Atmosphere.7.WhydoesShermansuggesteachcityshouldhavenativerestaurants?A.Toboosttheprofitsoflocalbusinesses.B.Tohelpnativepeopletohonortheirhistory.C.Topresentandpromotethenativecuisine.D.Toservefoodswithvarioushealthbenefits.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了SeanSherman開(kāi)辦本土特色餐廳的故事?！即鸢浮?.D5.A6.D7.C【4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Afterhighschool,ShermanstartedworkingfortheForestService.Aspartofhisjob,hehadtolearnthenamesoftheplants,whichraisedhiscuriosityaboutindigenous(本土的)plantsandfoods.(高中畢業(yè)后，Sherman開(kāi)始為林務(wù)局工作。作為工作的一部分，他必須學(xué)習(xí)植物的名稱，這引起了他對(duì)本地植物和食物的好奇心)”可知，SeanSherman是在林務(wù)局工作時(shí)開(kāi)始對(duì)本土食物感興趣。故選D。【5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Themostsignificantfeatureoftherestaurantisthenativeingredients,noneofwhichisrelatedtoEuropeancivilizations.(餐廳最顯著的特點(diǎn)是本地食材，沒(méi)有一種與歐洲文明有關(guān))”可知，Sherman的餐廳最重要的特色是使用本地食材。故選A?！?題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“There,alotofpeoplearereallystruckbyit,becauseit’snottypicaltobeabletogosomeplaceandseetheirnativefoodsonthemenu,seenativepeoplecookingthefoodandlistentonativemusic.(在那里，很多人都被它打動(dòng)了，因?yàn)槿ヒ粋€(gè)地方，在菜單上看到當(dāng)?shù)氐氖澄?，看到?dāng)?shù)厝俗鲲?，?tīng)當(dāng)?shù)氐囊魳?lè)，這是不常見(jiàn)的)”可知，此處說(shuō)的是餐廳的氛圍。劃線詞vibe意為“氛圍”。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“WeshouldhavenativerestaurantsineverycitytoshowthediversityandflavorsofallthedifferenttribesacrossNorthAmericaandthushaveafuturewherenativecuisineismorewidespread,andingredientsaremorefamiliarandwellknown(我們應(yīng)該在每個(gè)城市都有本土餐廳，以展示北美所有不同部落的多樣性和口味，從而有一個(gè)本土美食更廣泛傳播的未來(lái)，食材也更熟悉、更廣為人知)”可推知，Sherman建議每個(gè)城市都應(yīng)該有本土餐廳，以展示和推廣本地美食。故選C。CInthe1950s,BritishhistorianNortheasterParkinsoncameupwithaconceptwhichwaslaterknownasParkinson’sLawofTriviality.Itstatesthattheamountoftimespentdiscussinganissueinanorganizationisoppositelyassociatedwithitsactualimportance.Parkinson’sLawofTrivialityisalsoknownas“bike-shedding(車棚)”,afterthestoryParkinsonusestoillustrateit.Heasksreaderstoimagineafinancialcommitteemeetingtodiscussathree-pointagenda.Thepointsareasfollows:Aproposalfora￡10millionnuclearpowerplant;Aproposalfora￡350bikeshed;Aproposalfora￡21annualcoffeebudget.Whathappens?Thecommitteeendsuprunningthroughthenuclearpowerplantproposalinlittletime.It’stooadvancedforanyonetoreallydigintothedetails.Thediscussionsoonmovestothebikeshed.Here,everyone’sanexpert.Intheend,thecommitteerunsoutoftimeanddecidestomeetagaintocompletetheiranalysis.Bike-sheddinghappensbecausethesmalleramatteris,themorepeoplewillhaveanopiniononit,evenwhenthereisnogenuinevaluetoadd.Whensomethingisoutsideofourcircleofcompetence,likeanuclearpowerplant,wedon’teventrytoexpressanopinion.Butwhensomethingiscomprehensible,everyonewantstoshowthattheyknowaboutthetopicathand.Howcanweavoidbike-shedding?Themainthingyoucandoistohaveaclearpurpose.PriyaParker,theauthorofTheArtofGathering:HowWeMeetandWhyItMatters,saysthatanysuccessfulgatheringneedstohaveafocusedpurpose.“Specificity,”shesays,“isacrucialelement.”Whenitcomestochoosingyourlistofinvitees,Parkerwrites,“ifthepurposeofyourmeetingistomakeadecision,youmaywanttoconsiderhavingfewercooksinthekitchen.”Gettingtheresultyouwant—athoughtful,educateddiscussionaboutthatpowerplant-dependsonhavingtherightpeopleintheroom.8.WhatisParkinson’spurposeofpresentingtheimaginarymeeting?A.Tostateafact. B.Toclarifyaconcept.C.Tomakeaprediction. D.Tomakeacomparison.9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A.Themoreyouknow,thelessyouspeak.B.Whatissimpleforyoumaybetoughforothers.C.Whatrequiresmoreworkmaygetlessattention.D.Themoreyouputin,thebetteryourresultwillbe.10.Whichistheauthor’ssuggestionforasuccessfulmeeting?A.Planningbeforethemeeting.B.Gettingtherightpeopletothetable.C.Spendinglesstimeontheminorissues.D.Takingdifferentopinionsintoaccount.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Purpose:TheKeytoanEffectiveMeetingB.Talent:ACrucialElementinOrganizationsC.TheBikeShedEffect:AvoidingSmallMattersD.NuclearPowerPlant:TheLess-knownProposal【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在20世紀(jì)50年代，英國(guó)歷史學(xué)家NortheasterParkinson提出的帕金森瑣碎定律?！即鸢浮?.B9.C10.B11.C【8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Parkinson’sLawofTrivialityisalsoknownas“bike-shedding(車棚)”,afterthestoryParkinsonusestoillustrateit.Heasksreaderstoimagineafinancialcommitteemeetingtodiscussathree-pointagenda.(Parkinson的帕金森瑣碎定律也被稱為bike-shedding，以帕金森用來(lái)說(shuō)明它的故事命名。他讓讀者想象一個(gè)財(cái)務(wù)委員會(huì)開(kāi)會(huì)討論三點(diǎn)議程。)”可知，Parkinson提出假想會(huì)議的目的是澄清一個(gè)概念。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Bike-sheddinghappensbecausethesmalleramatteris,themorepeoplewillhaveanopiniononit,evenwhenthereisnorealvaluetoadd.Whensomethingisoutsideofourcircleofcompetence,likeanuclearpowerplant,wedon’teventrytoexpressanopinion.Butwhensomethingisunderstandableeveryonewantstoshowthattheyknowaboutthetopicathand.(Bike-shedding會(huì)發(fā)生，是因?yàn)槭虑樵叫?，就?huì)有越多的人對(duì)它發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，即使沒(méi)有什么真正的價(jià)值可言。當(dāng)事情超出我們的能力范圍時(shí)，比如核電站，我們甚至不會(huì)試圖表達(dá)意見(jiàn)。但是當(dāng)某件事是可以理解的時(shí)候，每個(gè)人都想表明他們了解手頭的話題。)”可知，需要付出更多努力的事情可能得到的關(guān)注更少。故選C?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Gettingtheresultyouwant—athoughtful,educateddiscussionaboutthatpowerplant—dependsonhavingtherightpeopleintheroom.(想要得到你想要的結(jié)果——一場(chǎng)關(guān)于電廠的深思熟慮的、有知識(shí)的討論——取決于是否有合適的人在場(chǎng)。)”可知，作者對(duì)會(huì)議成功的建議是把合適的人請(qǐng)到會(huì)議桌前。故選B?！?1題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段的“Bike-sheddinghappensbecausethesmalleramatteris,themorepeoplewillhaveanopiniononit,evenwhenthereisnorealvaluetoadd.(Bike-shedding之所以會(huì)發(fā)生，是因?yàn)槭虑樵叫?，就?huì)有越多的人對(duì)它發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，即使沒(méi)有真正的價(jià)值可言。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是20世紀(jì)50年代，英國(guó)歷史學(xué)家NortheasterParkinson提出的帕金森瑣碎定律，也稱為bike-shedding，因此最好的題目是C選項(xiàng)“TheBikeShedEffect:AvoidingSmallMatters(自行車棚效應(yīng)：避免小事)”。故選C。DGoldfishmayseemlikesimplecreaturesswimminginaglasstank,buttheypossessarathercomplicatednavigationsystem,asdiscoveredbyresearchersattheUniversityofOxford.LedbyDr.AdelaideSibeaux,thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.WritinginthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyB,Sibeauxandcolleaguesreporthowtheycreatedatankintheirexperimentwith2cm-wideblackandwhiteverticalstripes(垂直條紋)onthewalls,connectedbysimilarstripesacrossthefloor.Theteamtrainedninegoldfishtoswimasetdistanceof70cmandthenreturntotheirstartingpointwhenwavedat.Theexperimentaimedtoinvestigatehowthefishwouldestimatethisdistancewithoutanygestures,underdifferentpatterns.Overmultipletrials,thegoldfishaveragedaswimdistanceof74cm,giveortake17cm,whenpresentedwiththevertical2cm-widestripes.However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalstripes(水平條紋),thefish’sbehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.Accordingtotheresearchers,thegoldfishappearedtobeusingan“optic(光學(xué)的)flowmechanism”basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironment.Theykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled.Thestudysuggeststhatdifferentopticflowmechanismsareusedbymammals,includinghumans,basedonangular(有角度的)motionofvisualfeatures.Thestudyimpliesthattheuseofvisuallybaseddistanceinformationcouldhaveemergedearlyintheevolutionarytimeline.“Thisstudyisnovelbecause,despiteknowingthatfishrespondtogeometricinformationregardingdirectionanddistance,wedon’tknowhowtheyestimatedistances,”P(pán)rofessorColinLever,althoughnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“it’sexcitingtoexplorefishspatialmappingbecausefishnavigationevolvedearlierandbetterthanmostmammals.”12.WhydidDr.AdelaideSibeauxconductthestudyongoldfish?A.Totesttheaccuracyofgoldfish’sinternalGPS.B.Tocreateanadvancednavigationsystemforhumans.C.TouncoverhowaninbuiltGPShelpscalculatedistances.D.Toexploretherelationshipsbetweengoldfishandhumans.13.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperiment?A.Peoplegesturedthegoldfishthroughouttheexperiment.B.Thetankwasdecoratedwithcolorfulbackgroundpatterns.C.Goldfishtendedtounderestimatedistanceswithhorizontalstripes.D.Thechangeinthetanksettingledtothegoldfish’sincorrectjudgment.14.Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4?A.Opticflowmechanismisuniquetohumans.B.Mammalsdevelopedflowmechanismlongbeforegoldfish.C.Goldfishevaluatedthedistancewithmultidimensionalvisualinformation.D.Visualdensityoftheenvironmentstrengthenedthelocatingabilityofgoldfish.15.WhatattitudedoesProfessorColinholdtowardsthestudy?A.Objective. B.Ambiguous. C.Disapproving. D.Favorable.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，科學(xué)研究旨在闡明我們對(duì)魚(yú)類如何使用內(nèi)部GPS估計(jì)距離的理解。〖答案〗12.C13.D14.C15.D【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“thestudyaimstoshedlightonourunderstandingofhowfish,andpotentiallyhumans,estimatedistancesusingwhatcouldbedescribedasaninternalGPS.(這項(xiàng)研究旨在闡明我們對(duì)魚(yú)類以及潛在的人類如何利用一種可以被稱為內(nèi)部GPS的東西來(lái)估計(jì)距離的理解)”可知，這項(xiàng)研究旨在揭示內(nèi)置GPS如何幫助計(jì)算距離。故選C。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“However,whenthestripepatternwasalteredtoeithernarrowerverticalstripes,checkedpatterns,orhorizontalstripes(水平條紋),thefish’sbehaviorchangedsignificantly.Narrowerverticalstripesledthemtooverestimatingthedistanceby36%,whilehorizontalstripesresultedinhighlyinconsistentestimations.(然而，當(dāng)條紋圖案被改變?yōu)楦拇怪睏l紋、格子圖案或水平條紋時(shí)，魚(yú)的行為發(fā)生了顯著變化。較窄的垂直條紋導(dǎo)致他們高估了36%的距離，而水平條紋導(dǎo)致高度不一致的估計(jì))”可知，魚(yú)缸條紋改變后，魚(yú)對(duì)距離的估算不準(zhǔn)確了。故選D。【14題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Accordingtotheresearchers,thegoldfishappearedtobeusingan‘optic(光學(xué)的)flowmechanism’basedonthevisualdensityoftheirenvironment.Theykepttrackofhowfrequentlytheverticalpatternswitchedbetweenblackandwhitetoestimatehowfartheyhadtraveled. Thestudysuggeststhatdifferentopticflowmechanismsareusedbymammals,includinghumans,basedonangular(有角度的)motionofvisualfeatures.(根據(jù)研究人員的說(shuō)法，金魚(yú)似乎使用了一種基于環(huán)境視覺(jué)密度的‘光學(xué)流動(dòng)機(jī)制’。他們記錄了垂直圖案在黑色和白色之間切換的頻率，以估計(jì)它們走了多遠(yuǎn)。這項(xiàng)研究表明，包括人類在內(nèi)的哺乳動(dòng)物使用不同的光流機(jī)制，這是基于視覺(jué)特征的角度運(yùn)動(dòng))”可知，此處進(jìn)一步闡明金魚(yú)估計(jì)距離的原理，金魚(yú)利用多維視覺(jué)信息來(lái)評(píng)估距離。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thisstudyisnovelbecause,despiteknowingthatfishrespondtogeometricinformationregardingdirectionanddistance,wedon’tknowhowtheyestimatedistances,”P(pán)rofessorColinLever,althoughnotinvolvedinthestudy,said,“it’sexcitingtoexplorefishspatialmappingbecausefishnavigationevolvedearlierandbetterthanmostmammals.”(“這項(xiàng)研究是新穎的，因?yàn)楸M管我們知道魚(yú)類對(duì)方向和距離的幾何信息有反應(yīng)，但我們不知道它們是如何估計(jì)距離的，”科林·利弗教授說(shuō)，盡管他沒(méi)有參與這項(xiàng)研究，“探索魚(yú)類的空間映射是令人興奮的，因?yàn)轸~(yú)類的導(dǎo)航進(jìn)化得比大多數(shù)哺乳動(dòng)物更早，也更好?！?”可知，科林教授認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)研究是令人興奮的，所以是贊許的”可知，Colin教授對(duì)該研究的態(tài)度是積極地，贊成的。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Agardenisaprojectthatoftenrequiresafairlylargeinitialinvestmentofbothtimeandmoneyfromthestart—aswellasacommitmenttomaintainit.____16____.Thosewholiketheirhomegardenfinditrewardingbothasaplacetorelax,andasafunandhealthyhobby.Ifyou’reluckyenoughtohaveabackyard,youcanimaginetheenjoymentyou’dreceivefromchangingthatdusty,weedydeadspaceintoagreen,relaxingenvironment.____17____.Withregular,low-levelmaintenanceitwillcontinuetothrive(茁壯成長(zhǎng)）andprovideyouwithpleasure.So,howcanyoubuildapleasanthomegarden?Someclevergardenersusedrought-resistantplantssuchascacti(仙人掌),andalittlebitofwateringandinspirationtoproducespacesthatarebothrelaxingandpleasingtotheeye.____18____.____19____.Ifyouputintheplantsandwalkwaysyourself,itwillbegoodforyourhealth.Manypeoplefindthatspendingawhilediggingholesfortreesorpullingweedsiseasiertostomachthanhalfanhouronarunningmachine,andwhocanblamethem?Itmighttakeawhiletoseethefitnessresults,butafewdays’workcanliterallytransformyouryard.Therearemanypopularhomegardenbooksandmagazines.____20____,asmanybookscontaindetailedplansforcomplexprojects.Usetheseresourcesasastartingpointandputtogethersomethinguniquelyyours—withinthelimitsofyourtimeandbudget.A.AtriptothelibrarycanhelpyougetstartedB.However,itisadeservingchallengeformanypeopleC.AhomegardencanbeagoodworkoutaswellasaplacetorelaxD.TheshapeofthespaceisoftenasimportantasitscontentsorsizeE.SomedoitforexerciseandspendalittletimeoutdoorsonasunnydayF.Nomatterwhatthecircumstances,it’spossibletocreatealovelyhomegardenG.Manygardenersalsoenjoyemployingtouchessuchasstonepathstocreateaniceatmosphere【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是篇說(shuō)明文。文章給對(duì)家庭花園有興趣的讀者提供了一些有益的建議，指導(dǎo)他們?cè)搹哪男┓矫嬷譅I(yíng)建自己的花園。〖答案〗16.B17.F18.G19.C20.A【16題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Agardenisaprojectthatoftenrequiresafairlylargeinitialinvestmentofbothtimeandmoneyfromthestart—aswellasacommitmenttomaintainit.”（一個(gè)花園是一個(gè)通常需要從一開(kāi)始就投入相當(dāng)大的時(shí)間和金錢的項(xiàng)目，還要有維護(hù)它的承諾。）和下一句“Thosewholiketheirhomegardenfinditrewardingbothasaplacetorelax,andasafunandhealthyhobby.”（那些喜歡自家花園的人發(fā)現(xiàn)它作為一個(gè)放松的地方，和一個(gè)有趣而健康的愛(ài)好是很值得的。）可知，上一句提到花園需要大量時(shí)間和金錢來(lái)維護(hù)，下一句卻指出了它的好處，故前后之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系；故選項(xiàng)B.However,itisadeservingchallengeformanypeople（然而，對(duì)許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一個(gè)值得的挑戰(zhàn)）承上啟下，說(shuō)明了雖然維護(hù)花園需要投入大量的時(shí)間和金錢，但這種挑戰(zhàn)卻是值得的，它為人們提供了放松的地方，帶來(lái)了樂(lè)趣和健康。故選B?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Ifyou’reluckyenoughtohaveabackyard,youcanimaginetheenjoymentyou’dreceivefromchangingthatdusty,weedydeadspaceintoagreen,relaxingenvironment.”（如果你足夠幸運(yùn)，有一個(gè)后院，你可以想象一下，把那個(gè)塵土飛揚(yáng)、雜草叢生的死角變成一個(gè)綠色、放松的環(huán)境，你會(huì)得到什么樣的享受。），選項(xiàng)F.Nomatterwhatthecircumstances,it’spossibletocreatealovelyhomegarden（無(wú)論在什么情況下，都有可能創(chuàng)造一個(gè)可愛(ài)的家庭花園）對(duì)上句作出了回答，你是有可能把后院改造成一個(gè)可愛(ài)的家庭花園的，承接上文；下一句“Withregular,low-levelmaintenanceitwillcontinuetothrive(茁壯成長(zhǎng)）andprovideyouwithpleasure.”（通過(guò)定期的低水平維護(hù)，它將繼續(xù)茁壯成長(zhǎng)并為您提供樂(lè)趣。）中的“it”指代選項(xiàng)F中的“alovelyhomegarden”，語(yǔ)意連貫，銜接合理。故選F?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Someclevergardenersusedrought-resistantplantssuchascacti(仙人掌),andalittlebitofwateringandinspirationtoproducespacesthatarebothrelaxingandpleasingtotheeye.”（一些聰明的園丁使用抗旱植物，如仙人掌，再加上一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)澆水和靈感，創(chuàng)造出既放松又賞心悅目的空間。）可知，該句描述了一些園丁建造宜人的家庭花園的方法；選項(xiàng)G.Manygardenersalsoenjoyemployingtouchessuchasstonepathstocreateaniceatmosphere（許多園丁也喜歡使用石頭小徑來(lái)創(chuàng)造良好的氛圍）補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明了其他一些園丁建造的方法，語(yǔ)意銜接合理，符合段落主題。故選G?！?9題詳析】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下一句“Ifyouputintheplantsandwalkwaysyourself,itwillbegoodforyourhealth.”（如果你自己放入植物、鋪人行道，這對(duì)你的健康有好處。）和第四段內(nèi)容可知，該段主要是描述了園藝對(duì)健康的好處；選項(xiàng)C.Ahomegardencanbeagoodworkoutaswellasaplacetorelax（一個(gè)家庭花園可以是一個(gè)很好的鍛煉和放松的地方）概括表達(dá)了家庭花園對(duì)身心健康都有幫助，符合該段主題。故選C?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)上一句“Therearemanypopularhomegardenbooksandmagazines.”（有許多流行的家庭園藝書(shū)籍和雜志。），選項(xiàng)A.Atriptothelibrarycanhelpyougetstarted（去一趟圖書(shū)館可以幫助你開(kāi)始）進(jìn)一步提出可以通過(guò)去圖書(shū)館閱讀那些流行的園藝書(shū)籍和雜志，承接上文；下一句“asmanybookscontaindetailedplansforcomplexprojects.”（因?yàn)樵S多書(shū)都包含復(fù)雜項(xiàng)目的詳細(xì)計(jì)劃。）具體解釋了閱讀這些圖書(shū)的意義，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。第二部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Bornwithnorightleg,AnthonyRobles,oneofthebestwrestlersintheNCAA,startedwrestlingwhenhewasinhighschool.Whenhiscousinfirst____21____himtowrestling,Robleswasn’ta/an____22____.However,hegraduallyfellinlovewithitandhehasbeendoingiteversince.Whilesomepeoplemighthave____23____hisdecisiontotakeonthesport,hisfamilywasahuge____24____ofsupportandencouragement.Hesaid:“They____25____inmefromayoungagethatIcoulddowhateverI____26____mymindto.“Theydidn’tgivemeanyspecial____27____.Theyraisedmelikeothers.”Whilethephysicalaspectsofthesportseemedtobethemostchallengingpart,atonepointRoblesrealizedheneededtobe____28____tougher.After____29____seventhatnationalsinhisjunioryear,hetooka____30____fromwrestlingforalittlewhile.Hesaid.“Iwas____31____.Thatreallyjusthelpedmetomentallygetbacktothesport.”Thencamethelastmatch.Robleswassoscaredthathewasalmoststartingtocry.Whenhedefeateddefendingnationalchampion7-1,the____32____werequitedifferent.“Icouldn’teven____33____it.”Hesaid,“Itwasjustagreatexperience.”NowRoblesisreadyforthenextpageinhislife,“Ireallywanttohelpotherpeopleachievethingsintheirlivesthatothersmightsayare____34____.”Roblesplanstoputhisamazingattitudeandenergyto____35____asamotivational(激勵(lì))speaker.21.A.showed B.recommended C.introduced D.attracted22.A.partner B.fan C.master D.audience23.A.questioned B.admired C.honored D.affected24.A.amount B.source C.flood D.supply25.A.planted B.breathed C.delivered D.registered26.A.exchange B.improve C.bury D.apply27.A.effect B.credit C.confidence D.treatment28.A.gradually B.obviously C.formally D.mentally29.A.succeeding B.going C.finishing D.becoming30.A.break B.job C.bus D.flight31.A.cutout B.leftout C.stressedout D.checkedout32.A.decisions B.emotions C.approaches D.goals33.A.impressed B.concentrated C.design D.believe34.A.useless B.extra C.confusing D.impossible35.A.rest B.place C.use D.test【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)大學(xué)生體育協(xié)會(huì)最好的摔跤手之一AnthonyRobles的勵(lì)志故事?！即鸢浮?1.C22.B23.A24.B25.A26.D27.D28.D29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.C【21題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他的表弟第一次向他介紹摔跤時(shí)，Robles并不喜歡。A.showed展示；B.recommended推薦；C.introduced介紹；D.attracted吸引。結(jié)合“first”及語(yǔ)境可知，此處指別人第一次向他介紹摔跤，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.partner同伴；B.fan迷，狂熱愛(ài)好者；C.master大師；D.audience觀眾。根據(jù)下文的轉(zhuǎn)折“However,hegraduallyfellinlovewithit”可知，此處表示他并不是摔跤迷，即他并不喜歡摔跤，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有些人可能會(huì)質(zhì)疑他從事這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的決定，但他的家人是支持和鼓勵(lì)的巨大來(lái)源。A.questioned質(zhì)詢，懷疑；B.admired欽佩；C.honored尊敬，尊重；D.affected影響。結(jié)合While表示的轉(zhuǎn)折意義以及下文“supportandencouragement”可知，此處指別人質(zhì)疑他的決定，故選A?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.amount數(shù)量；B.source來(lái)源；C.flood洪水；D.supply供應(yīng)。結(jié)合“hisfamily”以及“supportandencouragement”可知，此處指他的家人支持和鼓勵(lì)他，即支持和鼓勵(lì)來(lái)源于他的家人，故選B。【25題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“他們?cè)谖液苄〉臅r(shí)候就告訴我，我可以做任何我想做的事?！盇.planted(使思想、信念等)根植于；B.breathed呼吸；C.delivered遞送；D.registered登記，注冊(cè)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及“fromayoungage”可知，此處指小時(shí)候父母教導(dǎo)Robles，故選A。【26題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.exchange交換；B.improve提高，改善；C.bury埋葬；D.apply申請(qǐng)。上文提到家人支持和鼓勵(lì)他，結(jié)合“Icoulddowhatever”可知，此處指“我可以做任何我想做的事”，固定搭配applyone’smindto“專心于”，故選D。【27題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們沒(méi)有給我任何特殊對(duì)待。A.effect影響；B.credit信譽(yù)；C.confidence自信；D.treatment對(duì)待。根據(jù)下文“Theyraisedmelikeothers.”可知，雖然Robles天生殘疾，但是父母并沒(méi)有對(duì)他區(qū)別對(duì)待，故選D?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的身體方面似乎是最具挑戰(zhàn)性的部分，但Robles一度意識(shí)到他需要在精神上更堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。A.gradually逐漸地；B.obviously明顯地；C.formally正式地；D.mentally精神上。此處和上文“physicalaspects”形成對(duì)比，指精神方面，故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：大三時(shí)，他在全國(guó)比賽中獲得第七名，之后他暫時(shí)放棄了摔跤。A.succeeding成功；B.going去；C.finishing(賽跑、競(jìng)賽)得……名，獲得……成績(jī)；D.becoming變成。根據(jù)“seventhatnationals”可知，此處指在全國(guó)比賽中獲得第七名，故選C。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.break休息；B.job工作；C.bus公交車；D.flight航班。根據(jù)下文“getbacktothesport”可知，他暫時(shí)休息一段時(shí)間，故選A?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他說(shuō)：“我壓力很大?！盇.cutout切斷；B.leftout遺漏，省略；C.stressedout有壓力的；D.checkedout退房。根據(jù)上文“Roblesrealizedheneededtobe_______tougher”以及下文“Thatreallyjusthelpedmetomentallygetbacktothesport.(這真的幫助我在精神上重新回到這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)中)”可知，他精神壓力很大，故選C?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他以7比1擊敗衛(wèi)冕冠軍時(shí)，情緒截然不同。A.decisions決定；B.emotions情緒；C.approaches方法；D.goals目標(biāo)。根據(jù)上文“Robleswassoscared”可知，Robles很害怕，結(jié)合下文“Itwasjustagreatexperience.(這是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷)”可知，他的情緒變得不同，故選B。【33題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“我簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信?！彼f(shuō)：“這是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷?！盇.impressed給……留下深刻印象；B.concentrated集中；C.design設(shè)計(jì)；D.believe相信。根據(jù)上文“Robleswassoscaredthathewasalmoststartingtocry.”可知，Robles害怕得幾乎要哭了，結(jié)合下文“Itwasjustagreatexperience.(這是一次很棒的經(jīng)歷)”可知，此處指簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信，故選D?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，Robles已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好翻開(kāi)人生的新篇章，“我真的很想幫助別人實(shí)現(xiàn)那些別人可能認(rèn)為不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情?！盇.useless無(wú)用的；B.extra額外的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.impossible不可能的。結(jié)合上文“Whilesomepeoplemighthave_______hisdecisiontotakeonthesport”可知，別人曾經(jīng)質(zhì)疑他從事摔跤運(yùn)動(dòng)的決定，故此處指“別人可能認(rèn)為不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的事情”，故選D?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一名勵(lì)志演說(shuō)家，Robles計(jì)劃利用他驚人的態(tài)度和精力。A.rest休息；B.place地方；C.use使用；D.test測(cè)試。結(jié)合上文“Ireallywanttohelpotherpeopleachievethings…”可知，Robles想要幫助人們，故此處指利用他驚人的態(tài)度和精力去做演講，固定搭配put…touse“利用，把……投入使用”，故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題，每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)