講次06 選句填空六選四解題技巧之一-2021年高考英語題型大沖關（上海專用）

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閱讀六選四解題技巧分析（1）

0知識導圖

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一、題型介紹:

2017年上海高考閱讀題型除了增加一篇summarywriting之外，還增加一個語篇，挖出4個句子，進

行6選4。此題型在篇章后附有6個句子，每句出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出與每句相匹配的段落。

這一閱讀新題型固然有著不同于傳統(tǒng)閱讀解題方法的種種方面，但同時也具備一些可以為考生所利用的新

特點。

二、題型特點:

1.題干中的細節(jié)往往反映文章的主旨或段落主題，考生可據此了解原文內容。通過快速閱讀題干中的若干

條細節(jié)信息，考生可以迅速了解文章的主旨大意，從而能夠在回頭閱讀原文時加快閱讀速度，節(jié)省定位時

間。

2.題干提供的細節(jié)信息中往往暗含一些文章所必需的邏輯關系，考生可以利用這種關系預先對一些表述進

行排序。長篇閱讀的文章一般為說明文或議論文，而這類文章最顯著的特點就是具有嚴密的邏輯性。所以，

在介紹一個新事物時，文章通常會采用循序漸進、前因后果的方法來敘述，而根據這種邏輯進行解題之前

的預先排序對于解答此類題型有著非常重要的意義。

3.題干提供的信息表述中通常會出現(xiàn)一些具有特殊意義的指示性詞語，這類詞語雖然不是通常意義上的定

位關鍵詞，但其特殊含義可將考生的注意力指向原文的開頭、結尾或是某個具：特殊特征的段落。這些詞通

常包括如下三類：

①能夠指示開頭段的詞，4口：overview,introduction,initiation,mainidea,definition等；

②能夠指示結尾段的詞，如future,solution,conclusion,suggestion,summary;

③能夠幫助考生回原文定位的特殊詞，如rate,ratio,proportion,percentage,number,figure,statistics等?？忌?/p>

能夠通過這些指示性詞語縮小回原文定位的范圍，從而快速判定其所在細節(jié)信息對應的原文段落。

三、解題步驟：

1.看標題、副標題預測文章大意

2.看選項，找出和文章相對應的關鍵詞

3.通讀全文，查看主題句，分析結構

4.看空前空后內容，分析之間的邏輯性

5.靈活掌握答題順序（先易后難）

6.代入答案，重點核查邏輯關系。

四、題型分解

［段首題］

1.空格為主旨句

在某段第一句設空的內容通常是該段落主旨句，學生需要通過認真研讀該段的內容，然后從選項中查

找下文的同義詞或其他相關詞或句的方法，從而確定答案；有時則需反復讀設空處后面一兩句或更多內容，

確定關鍵信息詞，然后在各個選項中查找關聯(lián)詞和信息句。一般正確答案選項與所設空后的第一句在意義

上是緊密銜接的，因此正確選項和原文的內容是連貫且符合邏輯的。

［典例］37Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyifsimportant.Doyouwanttogetupintime

tohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouare

clearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.

B.Findtherightmotivation.

分析：本題空格在段首，需要填一個主旨句或一個承上啟下句。由本段中的“為了作出改變，你需要決定為

什么它很重要”及“一旦你清楚了自己的理由……''等描述可知，你要想清楚為什么要早起，故選B項“找到

合適的動機”。本設空類型屬于段落主題句類。

［典例］

Ifthekeytosuccessistoincreaseourfailure,thenitmakessensetocelebrateoursetbacks.Yes,youheard

right:ifsomeoneturnsyoudown,celebrateit!Insteadofmentallypunishingyourselffornotsucceeding,buy

yourselficecreamandsay,"I'monestepclosertosuccessStoplettingfailurehaveanegativeimpactonyour

thoughtsandemotions.

A.Seecourageasa“muscle”.

B.Celebrateyourfailures.

C.Everyonesetssuccessgoals.

D.Withthisthoughtinmind,you'resucceedingevenwhenyoufail.

E.Allthecourageyouneedtoachievesuccessisalreadyinyou,justwaitingforyoutotakeaction.

F.Theyseethemselvesinthemiddle,anddoeverythingtheycantomovetowardsuccessandawayfrom

failure.

【分析】B本段主要講對待失敗的態(tài)度，由此可知應選B為本段標題。

2.空格為承上啟下句

在某段第一句設空的內容也有可能為承上啟下的句子，這就需要學生做到瞻前顧后，既熟悉上一段結

尾的內容，又結合下一段的內容，分析所選的答案是否能夠將兩段內容連貫起來。

［典例］Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisks

increasesduringyourteenageyears.74(E.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothe

biggerworld.)Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoften

meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainarinsesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.

75Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,a

partofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.

G.Newbrainresearchsuggestsourbrainsworkdifferentlywhenwefaceanervoussituation.

分析：本題空格在段首，需要填一個主旨句或一個承上啟下句。上文主要講述了科學家的觀點一

對冒險活動的熱愛在青少年時期有所增長。大腦增加了對新經歷的渴望，而新的經歷也意味著許多冒險。

75題承接上文，引入下文的講述，即“新的大腦研究表明當我們面對緊張的情況時，我們的大腦的工作方式

是不同的?！又U述是如何的不同。故選G項。

［段尾題］

1.空格為總結、概括句

做題時一要注意空格前的一句或兩句；二是注意在選項中查找表示結果、結論、總結的信號詞，如to

conclude,inaword,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,therefore,asaresult等詞語；三是要注意與前文的

邏輯關系，找到關鍵的線索詞句，如表示轉折、對比、并列或排比的關系。如果第一段的段尾是空格，要

認真閱讀，看此處是細節(jié)還是主題。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主題，如果在段尾提出主題，會用一些

信號詞如轉折詞引出來，正確答案中應有這樣的特征詞。

【典例］Rumination:Thisiswhenyouaretooworriedabouthowbadthesituationis,focusingonlyonyourfears.

Psychologistssaythebestwaytofightthistypeofthinkingistofindsomethingpositiveabouttheexperience,no

matterhowsmall,andrefocusyourthinkingonthatthing.Itcouldbetheniceviewoutyourwindoworthemovie

beingshown.

A.Thebestwaytofightitistocloseyoureyesandrelax,tryingtoenjoyagoodsleep.

B.Inthiscase,itmightinvolveseverelycriticizingoneselfforbeingafraidofflying.

C.Thebestwaytofightthistypeoffearisacknowledgeyourfearandchallengeit.

D.Whateverilis,movingyourthoughtsoutsidethesituationcanhelpcalmyouranxiety.

E.Thisiswhenyoucan'tstopthinkingaboutwhatmayhappenifyouleaveanything

valuablebehind.

F.Thisiswhenapersonallowshimselftofeelhopelesslyoutofcontroloftheenvironment

aroundhim.

【分析】D.本句是對本段的總結。通讀本段可知，本段介紹了害怕飛行的原因之一，即過度專注于自

己的害怕情緒，并提出了最好的解決方案是想想飛行中積極正面的東西來轉移對害怕情緒的過度關注，與

選項D的內容相符。

2.空格為承上啟下句

還有可能這一空是引出下一段的內容。如果在選項中找不出與前文之間的關聯(lián)，此時可考慮與下一段

開頭是否有一定的銜接。認真閱讀下一段開頭幾句，看是否能與選項的最后一句緊密連接起來。

【典例】Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbettering

yourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludes

knowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoor

reasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources..

A.Makechoicesthatarerightforyou.

B.Thegoalofanadistosellyousomething.

C.Besuretoworkthroughthecriticalquestions.

D.Andexaminethefindingsoftheoriginalresearch.

E.Distinguishbetweenresearchreportsandpublichealthadvice.

F.Beawarethatinformationmayalsobeincorrectlyexplainedbyanauthorspointofview.

G.Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceive

fromcommonsources.

【分析】G這個選項是一個段落的結尾句，這種選項通常起著總結上文，提示下文的功能。根據文章第二

段、第三段、第四段的首句可以看出作者提供了一些建議，因此本空引出了下文的多個建議，故選擇G項。

［段中題］

段中設空即主題句或展開句。尤其注意分析空前后的邏輯關系和行文邏輯及內容的連貫性，注意句間

的銜接手段。其特點主要以轉折手法引出主題句，或者是用來承上啟下的過渡句，也可能是補充前文具體

的事實、事例和說明。因此第一步需要依據信息詞將選項進行排除之后，把剩下的幾個可能正確的選項依

次代入設空處，最終判斷和確定一個選項和空白處前后內容能達到語意連貫，邏輯關系清晰，于是得出了

正確答案。下面列舉?？嫉囊罁壿嬯P系設置的考題。

1.從行文邏輯上判斷——例證關系

前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納（從例子到觀點）

和推理（從觀點到例子）。

【典例】TheBottomLine.70ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan1%

to2cupsofcooked（brownorwhite）riceaweek.Andhereisawaytolessenrisk:Rinseyourrice,cookitinsix

partswatertoonepartriceuntilitreacheseatingtexture,andthenpourofftheextrawater.Thiscanremoveabout

halfthearsenic.

D.Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.

F.Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesintheouterlayers,whichareburnishedoff

inwhiterice.

【分析】D?？偲鹁錇門heBottomLine.底線，而后文又提及到一系列具體做法，所以判斷為D,直到更多

相關研究出來之前，控制你自身對于碑的消耗。

2.從行文邏輯上判斷——轉折關系

轉折關系主要指英語行文中后句對前句構成逆轉邏輯關系。如果空格前后兩句話之間有however（然而），

nevertheless（然而，不過），still（還，仍然），though（可是，不過，然而），yet（然而），onthecontrary（正相反），

incontrast（與此相反，相比之下），incomparison（比較起來，與...比較），bycomparison（相比之下）等連接詞，

則表明前后兩句話是邏輯上的逆轉，空格處很有可能表示轉折。

［典例］"Peopletendtothinkinaneither-orway.Ifyou'restuckintraffic,theneverythingelsemustbegoing

horriblytoo,"saysAnneParker,awellnesscounselor..Instead,acknowledgethatyou'restuckintraffic,

butalsobringtomindsomethinggood,likethebeautifulsceneryoutsidethewindow.Thatway,you'llgetinthe

habitofforbiddingnegativecircumstancesfromblanketingyourwholeday.

C.Actinanoptimisticway:smile,laugh,tellajoke.

D.Byblowingnegativeeventsoutofproportion,you1resettingyourselfupforfeelingdownallday.

F.Beinggratefulandhappyaren'talwayseasy.

【分析】D。4艮據后句Instead,acknowledgethatyou'restuckintraffic,butalsobringtomindsomethinggood,like

thebeautifulsceneryoulsidethewindow.可知該空要填的句子應與instead內容相反，所以選D.

3.從行文邏輯上判斷——因果關系

做題時最重要的是要在讀懂空格前后的句子的基礎上，依據彼此的關系來確認答案。有時，前后的句子之

間出現(xiàn)asaresult（結果），thus/therefore（因此），so（such）...that（如此以至于）等標志性詞語，表明前后句有

著原因和結果之間的關系，說明前因后果或者前果后因等情況。

［典例］Largecitieswereimpossibleuntilagriculturebecameindustrialized.Eveninadvancedagricultural

societies,ittookaboutninety-fivepeopleonfarmstofeedfivepeopleincities..

?kA.Thatkeptcitiesverysmall.

【分析】A空格的上一句話提到了，即使在先進的農業(yè)社會，也需要大約95個農民養(yǎng)活5個城市人，這只

有一個結果，就是使得城市很小，與A項信息呼應。

4.從行文邏輯上判斷——遞進關系

遞進關系主要指英語行文中后句對前句是一種順承邏輯關系。如果空格前后兩句話之間有also（也，而且），

further（進一步地，而且），furthermore（而且，此夕卜），likewise（同樣地，也），similarly（相同她，類似地），moreover（而

且，此外），inaddition（另外，加之），what'smore（更重要的是），notonly...butalso（不但....而且）等連接詞或

詞組，則表明前后兩句是邏輯上的遞進關系，空格處很有可能是個遞進的句子。

【典例】Overthepasttwocenturies,theIndustrialRevolutionhasbrokenthisbalancebetweenthecityandthe

country..Today,insteadofneedingninety-fivefannerstofeedfivecitypeople,oneAmericanfarmeris

abletofeedmorethanahundrednon-farmers.

??F.Modernizationdrewpeopletothecitiesandmadefarmersmoreproductive.

【分析】F。解析空格前面的一句話提到，在過去的兩個世紀里，工業(yè)革命打破了城鄉(xiāng)之間的平衡。后一

句話提到，現(xiàn)在的情況不需要95個農民養(yǎng)活5個城市人了，在美國一個農民就能養(yǎng)活一百多個非農民，與

F項信息，即：“現(xiàn)代化把人們吸引到城市里來，并使得農民更加多產”一致。

5.從行文邏輯上判斷——并列關系

如果空格前后兩句話之間有first（首先，第一），second（第二），third（第三）；firstly（第一，首先），secondly（第

二（點），其次），thirdly（第三）；first（第一），next（其次），then（那么，然后）；inthefirstplace（第一，首先），inthe

secondplace（第二，其次）；foronething（首先，一則），foranother（其次）；tobeginwith（首先，第一），toconclude（最

后）等連接詞或詞組，則表明前后兩句是邏輯上的并列關系，空格處很有可能是個并列的句子。

［典例］Swearingtolose20poundsortorunamarathonseemslikegoalsleadingtohappiness,buttheytaketime

toachieve.Byfocusingonnothavingaccomplishedthemyet,youwillstarttofeeldownonyourself..

However:ifyoufocusonthesmallmilestonesthatoccuralongtheway,youwillfeelpositiveaboutyourprogress,

whichwillgiveyouthestrengthtokeepgoing.

B.Youllfailtoappreciatemoreimportantthingsinyourlife.

E.Youmayevenendupadmittingthatyouhavebeendefeated.

【分析】Eo才艮據Byfocusingonnothavingaccomplishedthemyet,youwillstarttofeeldownonyourself.及空

格后However:ifyoufocusonthesmallmilestonesthatoccuralongtheway,youwillfeelpositiveaboutyour

progress,whichwillgiveyouthestrengthtokeepgoing.可知空格應與前句構成并列與后句構成轉折關系，所以

選E.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentence

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed,（8%）

A.Notonlymustmineralsbesolidbuttheyalsomusthaveafixedchemicalmakeup.

B.Themeaningofmineraldependsonitsorigin

C.Whatexactlyismeantbyamineralinchemistryterm?

D.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolve

futureproblems.

E.Forexample,manymineralsoriginatefrommeltedrockcalledmagma(巖漿)thatcomes

fromdeepwithinEarth.

F.Instead,ifsdeliberatepractice.

HaveyoueverplayedthegameTwentyQuestions?Ifso,youmayhavebeenaskedthequestions^Isitanimal,

vegetable,ormineral?”Thedefinitionofmineralinchemistry,however,differsfromthedefinitionofmineralin

TwentyQuestion.(1)Mineralssharefivebasiccharacteristicsinchemistry.Ifamateriallacksevenone

ofthesecharacteristics,thematerialisnotaminerals.

Tobeginwith,mineralsmustbenaturallyoccurring.Scientistsdefine"naturallyoccurring^^ascomingfrom

naturalprocesseswithintheearth.Becausemineralscomefromtheearth,theyareindeednaturallyoccurring.(2)

Overtime.Someofitrisestothesurface,andlargeglassyparticlescalledcrystalsareformed.

Crystalscomeinavarietyofcolorsandincludequartzanddiamond.

Mineralsmustalsobeinorganic(無機).(3)Inorganicmaterialdoesn'thaveanyorganicmatter.

Additionally,mineralshaveasolidstructure.Unlikegassesandliquidsthatexpandtofillwhatevercontainer

theyareplacedin,mineralsmaintainaconstantsolidshape.

(4)Mineralsaremadefromatomsthatarelinkedinspecificways.Forexample,commonsaltis

alwayscomposedofonechlorine(CI)atombondedtoonesodium(Na)atom.TheseatomsformoneNaCImolecule.

Therefore,nomatterhowmuchsalt,orsodiumchloride,ispresent,itisalwaysarrangedinaone-to-oneratioof

sodium(Na)tochlorine(CI)atoms.

Thefinalfeaturerequiredofmineralsisthattheirindividualatomsbeorganizedintoregularrepeatedpatterns.

Thesepatternsarecalledcrystalstructures.Crystalsaresimilartoasetofblocks,stackedalongsideandontopof

oneanolhe匚Whatdistinguishescrystalsfromothermaterialsisthatcrystalshavea3Dshapethatisconsistently

repeatedthroughoutthesubstance.

【答案】CEDF

【解析】

1.橫線前面一句是講礦物質在化學中的定義是不同兩個問題中是不同的，橫線后面是講解礦物質又物種特

性。所以中間很明顯是它在化學術語中的不同所以選擇C.

2.前面兩句主要說的是礦物質是來源于地表，所以選擇E.

3.前面一句講礦物質必須是無機的。后面一句說無機物質是不會又有機物質的。所以很明顯是選擇D。

4.需要把這一段讀完，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這段主要講解是礦物質和其他化學成分不同所以選擇F.

2

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentence

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?

B.Magazinefeaturingfuturecarssellespeciallywell.

C.Airbagsaren,tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.

D.Crazyfanslookforwardtothelaunchoffuturecars.

E.Allofthesethingsarelikelytochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.

F.Theyfeaturedunconventionalthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,especiallybecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacar

guyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.

Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe"CarsoftheFuture'1.(67)Yet,frankly,

mycardoesn'tdoanythingthatmybrother'sStudebakerdidn'tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline.Istillhaveto

steerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?(68)Itmaynotburngasoline,Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetterat

notrunningintothings.

(69)Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsin

low-speedcrashes,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren'tgoingaway,andinfact,youcan

expecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturers

alreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimizeinjuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethe

likelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace?Futurecarsmaybeabletoremovemanyofthemajorcauses

ofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,andtailgating(與前車￡巨離過近).Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthat

candetectalcoholinadriver'ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Asearlyasnextyear,

you'llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou'reclosingtooquickly

withthecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle(油門).

Scientistsarenowworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonits

own.(70)

【答案】67-70FECA

【分析】

67.F中的They代指前面的carsofthefuture,且句子意思對應。選F

68.Allofthesethings代指前面的traditionalcars的內容。選E

69.空格后面一句的they代指前面的空格的airbags,跟安全有關。選C

70.空格前面的內容其實代表的是autonomousdriving,自動駕駛，所以空格選擇的A。

3

Mostparentsknowthattheyneedlifeinsurance.Butmanywouldratherhavearootcanalthanshopforthe

bestlifeinsurancepolicy.

“Peopledon'tthinkabout,'WhatwillmyfamilydoifIamgoneandnotearningaliving??,,saysPeterKatt,a

fee-onlylifeinsuranceadviser."Thewholepointofthiskindofplanningistoprovidethefamilywithmaximum

flexibilitysothey'renotstuck.^^

Planningforyourdeathisnotacheerfultopic.Toooften,parentsmakeaquickdecision,ignoringimportant

considerations.Amongtheirmistakesoneisthattheydonotbuyenoughlifeinsurance.47"Theydon't

thinkthatthepersonwhoisnotbringinginanincomeneedslifeinsurance,^saysGregDaugherty,executiveeditor

ofConsumersUnion.Butifthatpersondies,theotherparentcan'tstopworkingandusuallyhastopaysomeoneto

helpcarefbrthefamily.

48.Kattrecommendedthatoneyoungcoupleshouldbuy$3millionfbrthehusbandwhoearns

$100,000ayearand$1millionforthestay-at-homewife.

Atthesametime,manyfamiliesrelyonemployer-providedlifeinsurance,butemployer-providedcoverageis

rarelysufficienttosupportyourfamily.Manyemployer-providedpoliciesprovideadeathbenefitof$10,000to

$25,000—barelyenoughtocoveryourfuneralexpense.Someemployersprovideayear'ssalary,butthatmayalso

fallwellshortoftheamountyourfamilywouldneedtomaintainitsstandardofliving.

Someemployersletworkersbuygrouplifeinsurancethroughpayrolldeductions.Theymaybeagooddealfor

workerswhohavehealthproblemsthatwoulddisqualifythemforanindividualpolicy.Butifyou'reyoungand

healthy,youmaybeabletogetabetterrateonyourown.

Anotherdrawbackisthatifyouleaveyourjob,youmaynotbeabletotakeyourinsurance/'Giventhejob

market,mostofusarenotabsolutelycertainthatourjobsaresecure,^Daughertysays.“49

Ontheotherhand,somefamiliesbuytoomuchinsurance.Noteveryoneneedslifeinsurance.Somepeople

buylifeinsurancefbrbabies,whichisunnecessary,unlessthebabyisachildmodelwhoissupportingthefamily,

Daughertysays:Thepuiposeofinsuranceistoreplacetheincomethatafamilyhasbeenrelyingon.Singlepeople

andthosewhohavenochildrentocarefbrusuallydon'tneedlifeinsurance.

Kattsaysamanwithsubstantialsavingsinstocksandbondsandothersourcesofincomerecentlyaskedhim

howmuchlifeinsuranceheneeds."Isaidnone/Xattsays.“50

A.Therearepeoplewhodon'tneedlifeinsurancebuthaveitandmanymorepeoplewhoneeditbut

arewoefullyuninsured.

B.Familiesdon'talwaysinsureaparentwhoisstayinghometocareforthechildren.

C.Mostpeopleputoffbuyinglifeinsuranceforanynumberofreasonsiftheyevenunderstandit.

D.Evenifyouhavealotofinsuranceatwork,itmakessensetohavesomemoreinsuranceonyour

own.

E.Ifyoufallseriouslyillofsuffersignificantinjurylater,itwillmakeittoughertogetthatkindof

policy,ifanyatall.

F.Tomakeinsurancemoreaffordable,youmaynotneedtobuythesameamountofinsuranceforboth

parents.

【答案】BFDA

【分析】本文是一篇社會生活類短文。大多數(shù)父母都知道他們需要生命保險，但不愿購買最優(yōu)質的人壽保

險。有些人不需要保險卻持有著保險，而許多需要保險的人不幸的是，沒有保險。

【47題詳解】

根據空格后：因為他們不認為沒有收入的人需要人身保險。得知前面說的是人們不會為在家照顧孩子的一

個家長買保險。故選B。

【48題詳解】

根據空格后：凱特建議一對年輕夫婦給每年收入10萬美元的丈夫買300萬美元保險，給當家庭主婦的妻子

買1百萬?？梢缘弥蚱揠p方購買的保險數(shù)目不用相同。故選F。

【49題詳解】

根據空格前：考慮到務工市場，多數(shù)人不能確定自己工作的保障性。因此即使你有工作保險，擁有一些保

障自己的保險仍然是重要的。故選D。

【50題詳解】

根據空格前：卡特說，一個在股票、債券和其他來源上有大量儲蓄的人咨詢自己要買多少人壽保險，說明

卡特想要指出有些人不需要保險卻持有著保險，而許多需要保險的人不幸的是，沒有保險。故選A。

【點睛】六選四題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結構和內容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的

關系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特征有較強的意識和熟練的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本結構或段

落的語篇結構對解題很有用。

分析本文的語篇結構，可以知道第一段是文章的主題句，然后接下來各段的語篇結構都是主題句(總)+支

撐句(分)(分述主題的具體內容/說明原因/舉例證明等)。所以第2小題是本段的主題句凱特建議夫妻雙

方購買的保險數(shù)目不用相同，這對年輕夫婦給每年收入10萬美元的丈夫買300萬美元保險，給當家庭主婦

的妻子買1百萬?？梢缘弥蚱揠p方購買的保險不用相同，故選F。

4

WeAmericansingestanaverageof25poundsofriceayear-andaportionofthatcomesdrinking

beer.Yes,riceisasampleinourdiet.Butisitasafeone?ConsumerReportsrecentlyfound'*troubling

"levelsofinorganicarsenic,aknownhumancarcinogen(asubstancewhichcancausecancer),inalmostevery

rice-containingfoodittested.(1)Butricetakesuparsenicfromsoilandwatermorereadilythanother

grainsdo.

Health-consciousconsumersrelyonbrownrice,whichhasevenmorearsenic.IntheConsumerReports

test,aquartercupofuncookedwhitericehadfromroughly1to7microgramsofinorganicarsenic,whilebrown

ricehadfrom4to10micrograms.Whythedifference?(2).

Whataboutricecakes?Theycontainedfrom2to8microgramsperserving,whilehotandready-to-eat

ricecerealshad2to7micrograms:Theselevelsareatleastfivetimeshigherthanricecerealshad2to7

micrograms.Theselevelsareatleastfivetimeshigherthanthosefoundinothercereals,suchasoatmeal.

Studiesshowthatpeopleexposedtolargeamountsofarsenicformanyyearsaremorelikelytodieof

cancer.InBangladesh,peoplewhodranktapwaterthatcontained50to149microgramsofarsenicperliterfora

0or30years,forexample,were44percentmorelikelytodieofcancer.(3)(TheU.S.Environmental

ProtectionAgencylimitsthetotalamountofarsenicindrinkingwaterto10microgramsperliter.)Butourtotal

riskisunclear.Thereisn'tenoughdatetosetalimitoninorganicarsenicinfood,saystheInstituteofMedicine

oftheNationalAcademyofSciences.

TheBottomLine:(4)ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan11/2to2cupsof

cooked(brownorwhite)riceaweek,Andhereisawaytolessenrisk:Rinseyourrice,cookitinsixpartswater

toonepartriceuntilitreacheseatingtexture,andthenpourofftheextrawater.Thiscanremoveabouthalfthe

arsenic.

A.Youmightwonderwhatoneconsciousportionofricecoulddoforyourwholebody

B.Americansareluckytobeexposedtolowerlevelsofarsenic.

C.Thispoisonouselementisinawiderangeoffood----includingfruits,vegetablesandgrains.

D.Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.

E.Brownriceappearstobethemosteffectivewholegrainforthehealthygrowthofhuman

beings,butitsdarkercolorcaneasilyabsorbtoomucharsenic.

F.Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesintheouterlayers,whichare

burnishedoffinwhitenice.

【解答】CFBD

1.C.聯(lián)系上文題.根據前文ConsumerReportsrecentlyfound1'troubling''levelsofinorganicarsenic,aknown

humancarcinogen(asubstancewhichcancausecancer),inalmosteveryrice-containingfoodittested.可知

消費者報告最近發(fā)現(xiàn)，幾乎每一種大米中都含有”令人不安的”無機碑，一種已知的人類致癌物.C項：This

poisonouselementisinawiderangeoffood--includingfruits,vegetablesandgrains.這種有毒元素存在于

多種食物中，包括水果、蔬菜和谷物.符合文意，故選C.

2.F.理解判斷題.根據前文IntheConsumerReportstest,aquartercupofuncookedwhitericehadfromroughly

1to7microgramsofinorganicarsenic,whilebrownricehadfrom4to10micrograms.Whythedifference?可

知在消費者報告測試中，四分之一杯未煮熟的白米含有大約1到7微克的無機碑，而糙米含有4到10微克

的無機鐘.為什么會有差異？F項：Brownricetendstohavemorearsenicbecausethemetalconcentratesinthe

outerlayers,whichareburnishedoffinwhitenice.糙米往往含有更多的石中，因為金屬集中在外層，外層被

打磨成白色.符合文意，故選F.

3.B.語境辨析題.根據后文TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencylimitsthetotalamountofarsenicin

drinkingwaterto10microgramsperliter.可知美國環(huán)境保護署將飲用水中種的總量限制在每升10微克.B

項：Americansareluckytobeexposedtolowerlevelsofarsenic.美國人很幸運能接觸到低水平的碑.符合語

境，故選B.

4.D.邏輯推理題.根據后文ConsumerReportsrecommendsthatadultseatnomorethan11/2to2cupsofcooked

(brownorwhite)riceaweek,可知《消費者報告》建議成年人每周食用不超過11/2至2杯煮熟(棕色或白

色)大米.D項：Untilmorestudiesaredone,curbyourconsumptionofarsenic.在做更多的研究之前，控

制你對沖的消費.符合文意，故選D.

1

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthesentenceslistedbelow.Eachsentencecanonlybeused

once.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.

A.Evennow,someAdidasemployeesandPumaemployeesdon'ttalktoeachother.

B.Thebrothersfinallybegantotalkwitheachotheragainaftersomanyyears.

C.AtfirsthewantedtocallitRuda,buteventuallyhecalleditPuma,afterthewildcat.

D.Youcannotplaysportswearingshoesthatyou'dwalkaroundtownwith

E.Butin1948thebrothersargued

F.Itbecamepopularalmostovernight.

BrotherlyLove?

AdidasandPumahavebeentwoofthebiggestnamesinsportsshoemanufacturingforoverhalfa

century.ButthestoryofthesetwocompaniesbeginsinonehouseinthetownofHerzogenaurach,Germany.

AdolphandRudolphDasslerwerethesonsofashoemaker.Theylovedsportbutcomplainedthattheycould

neverfindcomfortableshoestoplayin.Rudolphalwayssaid,"------------67---------.“Sotheystartedmakingtheir

own.In1920Adolphmadethefirstpairofathleticsshoeswithspikes（4?。琾roducedontheDasslers'kitchentable.

On1stJuly1924theyformedashoecompany,DasslerBrothersLtdandthey