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POLITICS

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SOCIETYWomeninIndiaCHAPTER

01DemographicoverviewIndia:Lifeexpectancyofwomenatbirthfrom2011to2021(inyears)LifeexpectancyofwomeninIndia20218072.1472.3971.8271.571.8671.0870.670.0869.5969.1168.89706050403020100201120122013201420152016201720182019202020214Description:ThelifeexpectancyofwomenatbirthinIndiadeclinedto68.89yearsin2021.Therefore,2021marksthelowestlifeexpectancyduringtheobservedperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2011to2021Source(s):WorldBankRateofemployabilityacrossIndiafrom2014to2024,bygenderEmployabilityinIndia2014-2024,bygenderMaleFemale60%50%40%30%20%10%0%52.8%47.2%51.8%50.86%51.44%45.97%48%47.39%45.6%47%47%46%46%42.1%41.25%38.91%39.95%36.01%38.88%34.26%38%30.3%201420152016201720182019202020212022202320245Description:TheshareofemployablemenandwomeninIndiain2024sawadecreasefromthepreviousyear.Womenaccountedfornearly51percentofemployabilitythatyear.Infact,alargershareofwomenthanmenhaveconstitutedIndia’semployabletalentsince2020untiladropin2024.Employabilityreferstoaperson'sabilitytogainandmaintainemployment.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2014to2024;388,000respondents;studentsSource(s):AICTE(India);AIU;ConfederationofIndianIndustry;PeopleStrong;UNDP;WheeboxFertilityrateacrossIndiafrom2011to2021(numberofchildrenbornperwoman)FertilityrateinIndia2011-20213.02.542.472.412.52.01.51.00.50.02.312.292.272.22.182.112.052.03201120122013201420152016201720182019202020216Description:ThetotalfertilityrateinIndiasawnosignificantchangesin2021incomparisontothepreviousyear2020andremainedataround2.03childrenperwoman.Yet2021sawthelowestfertilityrateinIndiawith2.03childrenperwoman.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2011to2021Source(s):WorldBankLiteracyrateamongpopulationover15yearsofageinIndiain2022,bygenderRateofliteratepopulationinIndia2022bygender90%80%83%69%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%FemaleMale7Description:Aspertheestimatesfortheyear2022,theliteracyrateamongwomeninIndiawasaround69percent.Meanwhile,theliteracyrateamongtheirmaleIndiancounterpartsreachedapproximately83percentinthesameperiod.Theadultliteracyrateinthecountrystoodat76percent.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;15yearsandolderSource(s):WorldBankUnemploymentrateinIndiain2022,bygenderRateofunemployedpopulationinIndia2022bygender8%7.53%7%6%5%4%3%2%1%0%6.67%MaleFemale8Description:TheunemploymentrateamongwomenasashareofthetotalfemalelaborforceinIndiain2022wasoversixpercentascomparedtooversevenpercentunemploymentamongstmalesasashareoftotalmalelaborforce.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;asashareofmaleandfemalelaborforcerespectivelySource(s):ILO;TradingEconomics;WorldBankCHAPTER

02EducationGenderParityIndexacrossIndiafromfinancialyear2020to2022,bylevelGPIinIndiaFY2020-2022,bylevelFY2020FY2021FY20221.11.11.01.01.01.01.01.01.01.051.041.031.021.031.021.021.0111.021.0110.99PrimaryI-VUpperPrimaryVI-VIIIElementaryI-VIIISecondaryIX-XSeniorSecondaryXI-XIIHigherEducation10Description:Duringthefinancialyear2022,genderdisparityattheschoollevelsofPrimary,UpperPrimaryandSeniorSecondaryhasbeenfavorabletofemalesmeaningmorenumberofgirlsthanboyswereenrolledattheseschoollevels.Itwas1.03atthePrimarylevel,thehighestacrossallschoollevelsthatyear.AGPIvaluelessthanoneindicatesthatgenderparityfavorsmaleswhileaGPIvaluegreaterthanonereflectsthatgenderparityisinfavoroffemales.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2020toFY2022;basedonacademicyearSource(s):MOSPIGenderparityindexatprimaryschoollevelinIndiafromfinancialyear2016to2022GenderparityindexatprimaryschoollevelIndiaFY2016-20221.21.031.021.021.011.01111.00.80.60.40.20.0FY2016FY2017FY2018FY2019FY2020FY2021FY202211Description:Infinancialyear2022,theGenderParityIndex(GPI)attheprimaryschoollevelinIndiawas1.03.Itwashigherthanthevalueobtainedinthelastfiscalyear.TheGenderParityIndexistheratioofthenumberoffemalesbythenumberofmalesenrolledinagivenstageofeducation.AGPIofgreaterthanonesignifieseducationaccessinfavoroffemalestudents.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2016toFY2022Source(s):MHRD(India);MOSPIGenderparityindexattertiaryschoollevelinIndiafromfinancialyear2016to2021GenderparityindexattertiaryschoollevelIndiaFY2016-20211.21.061.051.051.010.981.00.80.60.40.20.00.92FY2016FY2017FY2018FY2019FY2020FY202112Description:Infinancialyear2021,theGenderParityIndex(GPI)atthetertiaryschoollevelinIndiawasone.Inthelastfourfiscalyears,acontinuousincreaseintheindexwasseen.AGPIequaltoonesignifiesthesameaccesstoeducationformaleandfemalestudents.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2016toFY2021Source(s):MHRD(India);MOSPINumberofstudentsenrolledinhighereducationacrossIndiafromfinancialyear2016to2022,bygender(inmillions)NumberofstudentenrolmentsinhighereducationinIndiaFY2016-2022,bygenderMaleFemale25201510522.521.220.6920.1419.619.219.21918.918.618.217.416.7160FY2016FY2017FY2018FY2019FY2020FY2021FY202213Description:Inthefinancialyear2022,thenumberoffemalestudentsenrolledinhighereducationwasover20millionacrossIndia.Thiswasanincreasefromthepreviousyear'svaluesbuttheenrollmentswerestilllowerthanmalestudentsinthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2016toFY2022Source(s):IndiaBrandEquityFoundation;USDepartmentofEducation;Varioussources(UGC,Aishe,NEP)NumberofdiplomaawardeesacrossIndiain2022,bygender(in1,000s)DiplomaawardeesinIndia2022,bygender600553.435004003002001000366.73MaleFemale14Description:AspertheresultsofasurveyacrossIndia,around553thousandmalestudentswereawardedtheirdiplomaduringacademicyear2022.Thenumberoffemalegraduateswasconsiderablylowerthatyearcomparedtomalegraduates.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;1,162universities,42,825collegesand10,576StandAloneInstitutions;basedonacademicyearSource(s):AICTE(India);MHRD(India)NumberofundergraduatedegreeawardeesacrossIndiain2022,bygender(inmillions)UndergraduatedegreeawardeesinIndia2022,bygender4.53.944.03.53.02.52.01.51.00.50.03.82MaleFemale15Description:AspertheresultsofasurveyacrossIndia,around3.9millionfemalestudentswereawardedtheirundergraduatedegreeduringtheacademicyear2022.Thenumberoffemalegraduateswashigherthatyearcomparedtomalegraduates.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;1,162universities,42,825collegesand10,576StandAloneInstitutions;basedonacademicyearSource(s):AICTE(India);MHRD(India)NumberofpostgraduatedegreeawardeesacrossIndiain2022,bygender(in1,000s)PostgraduatedegreeawardeesinIndia2022,bygender1,2001,0001,014.04761.88006004002000MaleFemale16/statistics/785415/postgraduate-degree-completion-number-in-indiaAspertheresultsofasurveyacrossIndia,overonemillionfemalestudentswereawardedtheirpostgraduatedegreesduringacademicyear2022.Thenumberoffemalegraduateswasconsiderablyhigherthatyearcomparedtomalegraduates.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;1,162universities,42,825collegesand10,576StandAloneInstitutions;basedonacademicyearSource(s):AICTE(India);MHRD(India)CHAPTER

03WomenindifferentsectorsDistributionofmicro,smallandmediumenterprisesownedbywomenacrossIndiainfinancialyear2016Shareofwomen-ownedMSMEsinIndiaFY201625%20.44%20.37%20%15%10%5.26%5%2.67%0%MicroSmallMediumTotal18Description:Asperthe73rdNationalSampleSurvey,womenownedalittleover20percentofallmicro,smallandmediumbusinessesacrossIndiacomparedtonearly80percentamongmeninfinancialyear2016.Furthermore,womenhadthehighestshareofmicrobusinesseswithinbusinesssizes,withmoreenterprisesinruralareasthanurbanpartsofthecountryduringthemeasuredtimeperiod.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2016;basedonfiguresfromNSSround73.Source(s):MinistryofMicro,SmallandMediumEnterprises(India);MOSPIShareofworkersininformalsectorinIndiaasofNovember2022,bygenderShareofworkersininformalsectorIndia2022,bygenderWomenMen120%95.92%100%80%60%40%20%0%89.32%73.78%68.03%51.73%48.27%31.96%26.62%10.68%4.08%DomesticandhouseholdworkApparelMiscellaneousAgricultureConstruction19Description:AsperE-ShramportalregistrationsfromNovember2022,womeninIndiaheld96apercentshareofdomesticandhouseholdworkascomparedtoaround4percentofmeninthesector.Menhadahighersharewithintheinformalagricultureandconstructionsectors.TheE-Shramregistrationsaremeantforregistrationoftheunorganizedandinformalworkers.ReadmoreNote(s):India;asofNovember2022;53.12%femaleand43.88%maleregisteredworkersonE-ShramportalSource(s):IWWAGE;LabourBureauIndia;LEAD,KREAUniversityShareofwomencontestantsinLokSabhaelectioninIndiafrom2004to2019WomencontestantsinLokSabhaelectionsIndia2004-201910%9%8.9%8.1%8%7%7%6%5%4%3%2%1%0%6.5%200420092014201920Description:In2019,nearlyninepercentofwomeninIndiacontestedintheLokSabhaelections.TheshareofwomencontestantsinLokSabhaelectionshadincreasedbyalmost36percentsince2009.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2004to2019Source(s):ECI(India);IndiaToday;ObserverResearchFoundationYear-on-yearchangeinfundingvalueofwomen-ledstartupsinIndiain2022*,byfundingstageChangeinfundingvalueofwomen-ledstartupsinIndia2022,bystage0%0%-10%-20%-30%-40%-50%-60%-70%-37%-38%-58%SeedstageGrowthstageLatestageBridgefunding21Description:In2022,thelatestagefundingvalueforwomen-ledstartupsrecordedabouta58percentdecreasefromthepreviousyear'sfundinginIndiainthatyear.Theyearwitnessedadecreaseinfundingvalueforwomen-ledstartupsacrossallstagesexceptthegrowthstage.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;*AsofDecember25,2022.ReadmoreSource(s):Inc42Women'sPremierLeague(WPL)winningbidsvaluein2023,byteam(inbillionIndianrupees)Women'sPremierLeaguewinningbids2023,byteamValueinbillionIndianrupees02468101214GujaratGiants(AdaniGroupviaAdaniSportslinePrivateLimited)MumbaiIndians(IndiawinSportsPrivateLimited)12.899.139.01RoyanlChallengersBangalore(RCBSportsPrivateLimited)DelhiCapitals(JSWGMRCricketPrivateLimited)8.1UPWarriorz(CapriGlobalHoldingsPrivateLimited)7.5722/statistics/1370721/wpl-winning-bids-by-teamTheWomen'sPremierLeague,thefirstofitskindforwomen'scricketinIndiacommenceditsfirstseasoninMarch2023.TheteamwiththehighestbidwasGujaratGiants,boughtbytheAdaniGroupatnearly13billionIndianrupeesthatseason.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2023Source(s):BusinessStandardShareofwomenjudgesinhighcourtinIndiaasofDecember2022,bystateShareofwomenjudgesinhighcourtinIndia2022,bystateShareofwomen15%0%5%10%20%25%30%35%SikkimTelanganaDelhi33.3%27.3%22.2%21.4%20.4%20.4%20%GujaratPuducherryTamilNaduHimachalPradeshPunjab19.7%19.7%19.7%ChandigarhHaryanaAssam16.7%NagalandMizoram16.7%16.7%23Description:AsofDecember2022,theIndianstateofSikkimhadabout33percentofwomenjudgesworkinginthehighcourt.Bycontrast,thestatesofBihar,Uttarakhand,MeghalayaandTripurahadnowomenjudgesinthehighcourts.ReadmoreNote(s):India;asofDecember2022Source(s):DOJIndia;TataTrustsShareofwomenemployedinthepoliceforceacrossIndiaasofJanuary2022,bystateShareofwomenemployedintheIndianpoliceforce2022,bystateShareofwomen10%0%5%15%20%25%30%LadakhAndhraPradeshChandigarh28.3%21.8%21.6%Bihar21.2%TamilNadu19.1%Maharashtra17.8%Gujarat16.3%HimachalPradeshDelhi14%12.9%Uttarakhand12.8%12.7%AndamanandNicobarIslandsUttarPradeshArunachalPradesh10.7%10.7%24Description:TheIndianstateofAndhraPradeshhadover21.8percentofwomeninthepolicedepartmentasofJanuary2022.Bycontrast,theunionterritoryofLadakhhadabout28.3percentofwomeninthepoliceforceasofthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;asofJanuary2022Source(s):BPR&D;TataTrustsCHAPTER

04Work-lifeSocialandindustrialinclusionofwomenscoreinIndiaasof2022,byleadingcitiesSocialandindustrialinclusionofwomenscoreIndia2022,byleadingcitiesSocialinclusionscore(SIS)Industrialinclusionscore(IIS)100908070605040302010087.0781.681.5479.9778.2477.6176.2566.463.0560.2258.157.8357.657.5157.1556.8349.3549.0949.6747.29ChennaiPuneBengaluruHyderabadMumbaiAhmedabad

VisakhapatnamKolkataCoimbtoreMadurai26Description:Asof2023,ChennaitoppedthelistofIndiancitieswiththehighestsocialinclusionscore(SIS)andindustrialinclusionscore(IIS)forwomenstandingat76.25and87.07,respectively.ItwasfollowedbyPune,BengaluruandHyderabad.ThecapitalcityDelhididnotmakeittothetoptenlist.TheSISreflectssocialfactorsthatmakeacitymorewomen-friendly.TheIIS,ontheotherhand,assessestheextenttowhichorganizationsinthecitycrossindustriesareinclusiveforwomen.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022Source(s):Avtar;TheLeafletWomensalaryasproportionofmeninIndia2023,byemploymentlevelWomensalaryasproportionofmeninIndia2023,byemploymentlevel1.20.970.971.00.80.60.40.20.00.640.52EmployeesWorkersKeymanagerialpersonnelBoard27Description:Inasurveyconductedduringthefinancialyear2022,itwasfoundthatwomenwhoarepartofkeymanagerialpersonnelarepaidroughlyhalftheamountoftheirmalecounterparts.Thegenderwagegapwidensaswomenmovehigherupthecareerladder.ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2022;thesurveycalculatedtheaverageratioforemployeesat103companies,Source(s):CFAInstitute;MOSPI;TheHinduShareofwomenenrolledinsocialsecurityschemesinformaljobsinIndiabetweenfinancialyear2018and2024,bytypeShareofwomeninsocialsecurityschemesinIndiaFY2018-2024,bytypeEPFESIC25%20%15%10%5%20.8%19.9%19.6%18.5%17.9%17.7%17.2%16.9%16.8%16.6%16.6%16.5%16.3%15.5%0%FY2018FY2019FY2020FY2021FY2022FY2023FY2024*28Description:Infinancialyear2024,theshareoffreshwomenenrollmentsinthesocialsecurityschemeforESICwasabout21percentinIndia.Ontheotherhand,newwomen'sshareinEPFaccountedforapproximately20percentduringthesameperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;FY2018toFY2024;*ValueforFY2024isuntilOctober2024.

EPF:EmployeeProvidentFund.ESIC:Employees'StateInsuranceCorporationSchemeIndia'sfinancialyearbeginsinAprilandendsinMarch.Forexample,FY2022[...]

ReadmoreSource(s):MOSPI;TheEconomicTimesShareofwomeninleadershippositionsinIndiaasofFebruary2022,bysectorShareofwomeninleadershippositionsIndia2022,bysectorShareofrespondents15%0%5%10%20%25%30%30%35%EducationWellnessandfitnessMediaandcommunicationsCorporateservicesSoftwareandITservicesHealthcare24%23%23%20%18%Realestate14%29Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedamongLinkedInmembersinFebruary2022acrossIndia,about30percentofrespondentsinleadershippositionsintheeducationsectorwerefemale.However,only14percentoftheleadershippositionsinrealestatewereheldbywomen.ReadmoreNote(s):India;asof15February,2022Source(s):LinkedInChallengesfacedbywomenduetolackofworkplaceflexibilityinIndiain2022ChallengesfacedbywomenduetolackofworkplaceflexibilityIndia2022100%88%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%37%27%WorkingwomenhadtotakepaycutformoreflexibilityHadtheirrequestdeniedStruggledtoconvincetheirbosses30Description:Accordingtoasurveyin2022,about88percentoftheworkingwomenrespondentsstatedthattheyhadtogiveupachunkoftheirsalaryformoreworkplaceflexibilityinIndia.Furthermore,about27percentoftherespondentsstruggledtoconvincetheirbosses.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022;2,266respondentsSource(s):BusinessToday;LinkedInCHAPTER

05KeyhealthindicatorsModeledestimatematernalmortalityratioinIndiafrom2000to2020(per100,000livebirths)ModeledestimatematernalmortalityratioIndia2000-20204504003503002502001501005038437132931530128624823422120717917016215413512812111911611610302000

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202032Description:In2020,thematernalmortalityratioinIndiawasaround103deathsper100,000livebirths.Thiswasadrasticdecreasefromtheyear2000wheretheestimatedmateralmortalityratiointhecountrywasatapproximately384deathsper100,000livebirths.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2000to2020Source(s):UNFPA;WHO;WorldBankShareofmaternaldeathsinIndiafrom2018to2020,byagegroupShareofmaternaldeathsIndia2018to2020,byage35%32%30%30%25%20%15%10%5%20%8%6%3%2%0%15-19years20-24years25-29years30-34years35-39years40-44years45-49years33Description:Intheyears2018to2020,thehighestmaternaldeathrateacrossIndiawasobservedamongstwomenbetween20and29yearsoldwithashareof62percentofthetotalmaternaldeaths.Since20to35yearsisthemostcommonageforchild-bearinginthecountry,thematernaldeathrateisalsohighestintheseagegroupscomparedtoothers.ReadmoreNote(s):India;2018to2020Source(s):IndianCensus(SRS)NumberofsuicidesinIndiafrom1971to2022,bygender(in1,000s)NumberofsuicidesinIndia1971-2022,bygenderMaleFemaleTransgender1401201008060402001971199220002005201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202234Description:In2022,thereweremorethan48thousandfemaledeathsduetosuicidesinIndia,whiletheincidentsweremorethan122thousandformales.Someofthecausesforsuicidesinthecountrywereduetoprofessionalproblems,abuse,violence,familyproblems,financialloss,senseofisolationandmentaldisorders.ReadmoreNote(s):India;1971to2022Source(s):NCRB(India)Peoplefeelingmorestressedoranxiousduringpast12monthsinIndiaasofMay2022,bygenderPeoplefeelingmorestressedinIndia2022,bygenderFemaleMale60%51%50%45%40%30%20%10%0%30%27%25%22%YesNo,samelevelsofstressandanxietyasbeforeNo,lowerlevelsofstressandanxietyasbefore35Description:AccordingtoasurveyconductedbyRakutenInsightinIndiainMay2022,51percentoffemalerespondentsstatedthattheyfeltmorestressedoranxiousduringpast12months.Inthesamesurvey,30percentofmalerespondentsstatedthattheyexperiencedthesamelevelofstressandanxietyasbefore.ReadmoreNote(s):India;May12to30,2022;33,558respondents;16yearsandolder;among13,010femaleand20,548malerespondentsSource(s):RakutenInsightNumberoflifebirthsHIVpositivepregnantwomeninIndiafrom2017to2023NumberoflifebirthsamongHIVpositivepregnantwomenIndia2017-202314,00012,94212,23412,00010,0008,0006,0004,0002,000011,40911,36710,55610,4782017-182018-192019-202020-212021-222022-2336Description:In2023,Indiareportedabout13thousandlivebirthsamongHIVinfectedpregnantwomen.Thesourcealsorevealedthattherewereover23millionpregnantwomenacrossthecountrywithHIVinfectionsduringthesametimeperiod.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2017to2023Source(s):MinistryofHealthandFamilyWelfare(India)StatusofhealthamongelderlyinIndiaasofFebruary2023,bygenderHealthconditionamongelderlyIndia2023,bygenderNumberofrespondentsWomenMen80002004006001,0001,2001,4001,3671,600GoodAveragePoor1,1011,0131,2889791,154785VerypoorBetter1,02767760937Description:AccordingtoasurveyamongtheelderlyinIndiainFebruary2023,themajorityofthewomenclaimedtheyhadgoodhealthwith1,367respondents.Bycontrast,almost1.3thousandmalerespondentsclaimedtheirhealthwasaverage.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;February2023;10,000respondents;over60yearsoldSource(s):AgewellfoundationCHAPTER

06CrimeagainstwomenRateofcrimeagainstwomenreportedacrossIndiain2022,bystateReportedrateofcrimeagainstwomeninIndia2022,bystateCrimerate020406080100120140160DelhiHaryanaTelanganaRajasthanOdishaAndhraPradeshAndamanandNicobarIslandsKeralaAssamMadhyaPradeshUttarakhandMaharashtraWestBengal39Description:HaryanahadthehighestratesofcrimeagainstwomeninIndiain2022withabout118crimesreportedforevery100,000women.Amongtheunionterritories,Delhihadacrimerateagainstwomenof144thatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022Source(s):NCRB(India)NumberofreportedcrimesagainstwomenacrossIndiain2022,bytypeofcrimeReportedcrimesagainstwomeninIndia2022,bytypeNumberofcasesreported60,000

80,000020,00040,000100,000120,000140,000160,000CrueltybyhusbandorrelativesKidnappingandabductionAssaultRapeInsultsDowrydeathsAbetmenttosuicideofwomenAttempttocommitrapeHumantraffickingMurderwithrape/gangrapeMiscarriageAcidattackAttempttoacidattackSellingofminorgirlsBuyingofminorgirls40Description:Domesticabuseorcrueltybyhusbandand/orrelativeswasthehighestreportedcrimeagainstwomenacrossIndiain2022.Kidnappingandabductionrankedsecondthatyear,withover85thousandcasesfiled.Rape,whichmakesheadlinesregularlyinthecountryrecordedover31thousand.Thiswasfromatotalofover365thousandcasesofcrimereportedagainstwomenthatyear.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2022Source(s):NCRB(India)TotalnumberofrapecasesreportedinIndiafrom2005to2022NumberofreportedrapecasesinIndia2005-202245,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,00015,00010,0005,00002005201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202241Description:In2022,thetotalnumberofrapecasesreportedinIndiaamountedtoover31thousand.Thiswasaslightdecreaseinrapecasescomparedtothepreviousyear.Eventhoughmanyrapesarenotreportedinthecountry,itisanissuethatcontinuouslymakesnewsheadlines,someleadingtopublicprotests.Althoughreportsofrapehaveincreasedinrecentyears,itwasstillassociatedwithshameforthevictim,ratherthantheperpetrator.

ReadmoreNote(s):India;2005to2022Source(s):NCRB(India)TotalnumberofreporteddowrydeathcasesinIndiafrom2005to2022NumberofreporteddowrydeathcasesinIndia2005-202210,0009,0008,0007,0006,0005,0004,0003,0002,0001,00002005201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021202242Description:In2022,reporteddowrydeathcasesinIndiaamountedtonearly6.4thousand.Thiswasagradualdecreasefromthe2014,inwhichthisnumberwasapproximately8.5thousand.ThedowrysysteminIndiaincorporatespaymentsintheformofcapital,dura