新目標(biāo)八年級下冊Unit3

新目標(biāo)八年級下冊Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?講義一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換SectionA1.begin→(pt.)began2.heavily→(adj.)heavy3.light→(adj.)lightreport→(pt.)reportedbeat→(pt.)beatrise→(pt.)rosesuddenly→(adj.)suddenicy→(n.)iceSectionBrealize→(pt.)realizedcompletely→(adj.)completerecently→(adj.)recent二、短語歸納1.

make

sure

確信;確認(rèn)

2.

beat

against...

拍打……3.

fall

asleep

進(jìn)人夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著

4.

die

down

逐漸變?nèi)?消退

5.

wake

up醒來

6.

in

a

mess

一團(tuán)糟

7.

break..

.

apart

使……分離

8.

in

times

of

difficulty

在困難的時(shí)候

9.

at

the

time

of

當(dāng).......時(shí)候

10.

go

off

(鬧鐘)發(fā)出響聲

11.

take

a

hot

shower

洗熱水澡

12.

miss

the

bus

錯(cuò)過公交車

13.

pick

up

接電話14.

bring...

together

使??靠攏

15.

in

the

area

在這個(gè)地區(qū)

16.

miss

the

event

錯(cuò)過這個(gè)事件

17.

by

the

side

of

the

road

在路邊

18.

the

Animal

Helpline

動物保護(hù)熱線

19.

walk

by

路過

20.

make

one’s

way

to…

在某人去……的路上

21.

hear

the

news

聽到這個(gè)消息

22.important

events

in

history

歷史上的重大事

23.for

example

例如

24.be

killed

被殺害

25.

over

50

50多(歲）

26.

a

school

pupil

一個(gè)小學(xué)生

27.

on

the

radio

通過廣播

28.

in

silence

沉默;無聲

29.recently

最近地;新近

30.the

World

Trade

Center

世貿(mào)中心

31.

take

down

拆除;摧毀；記錄32.have

meaning

to

對……有意義

33.remember

doing

sth.

記得做過某事

34.

at

first

首先;最初

35.havealook看一看36.somethingstrange奇怪的事情37.inAmericanhistory在美國歷史上38.strongwind大風(fēng)39.heavyrain大雨三、句型集萃1.bebusydoingsth.忙著做某事2.seesb./sth.doingsth.看見某人或某物正在做某事開始做某事trytodosth.努力做某事It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有困難四、重點(diǎn)句子1.Myalarmdidn’tgooffsoIgotuplate.我的鬧鐘沒有響，因此我起床晚了。【解析】gooff發(fā)出響聲,(鬧鐘)鬧響，離開★Ex.Thealarmwentoffjustnow.剛才警鐘響了?！就卣埂颗cgo相關(guān)的短語：goover復(fù)習(xí)goaway離開goby(時(shí)間)過去goforawalk出去散步gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去釣魚/去買東西/去溜冰/去游泳()1.Iwaslatetodaybecausemyalarmclockdidn’t____.A.runoff B.gooff C.giveout D.giveup()2.【2017山西中考】HowIwishcouldsleeplonger!However,Ihadtogetupassoonasthealarmclock_____.A.ranoffB.wentoffC.tookoff2.Iwaswaitingforthebuswhenitbegantorainheavily.當(dāng)天開始下大雨的時(shí)候我正在等公交車?！窘馕觥縣eavilyadv.在很大程度上★heavyadj.沉重的Howheavyareyou?heavilyAdv.沉重地Thearmylostheavily形容風(fēng)大的時(shí)候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的時(shí)候用heavily/hard。heavy改y為i+ly變?yōu)閍dv,類似的adj還有：hungry,happy,angry,lucky.()1.【2017漳州】Thesunisshining_____.You'dbetterwearsunglasseswhileyouareout.A.brightly B.lightlyC.heavily()2.【2017黔西南】Sometimesitrains_________inGuizhouinsummer.A.heavily B.heavyC.strongD.Strongly3.Icalledatsevenandyoudidn’tpickup.★我七點(diǎn)鐘給你打電話，你沒有接?！窘馕觥縫ickup接電話pickup接電話Tom,Icalledyou,butyoudidn’tpickup撿起；拾起Ipickupawalletonmywayhome（開車）接某人Iwillpickyouupatthestation學(xué)到；獲得Hewaspickinguptheskillsquickly.()1.【2017陜西2】TheworkersintheHuashanMountainshaveto______rubbishtokeepthemountainsclean.A.turnup B.pickup C.mixup D.giveup()2.【2017湖北武漢1】Itseemsthattheagedpeople________theH7N9moreeasilyfromtherecentcase.A.pickup B.mixup C.setup D.useup4.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.★★★外面沒有一絲光亮，讓人感覺這是在午夜?！窘馕觥縧ightn.此處作不可數(shù)名詞，意為“光，光亮，光線”Ex.Thesungivesoutlightandheat.太陽發(fā)出光和熱。Hereadtheletterbythelightofthecandle.他在燭光下讀那封信?！就卣埂?1)light作可數(shù)名詞，意為“點(diǎn)燈，電源”。Ex.Don’tcrosstheroadwhenthetrafficlightsarered.當(dāng)交通燈是紅色時(shí)，不要橫穿公路。(2)light作形容詞，意為“輕的，淺色的”。Ex.Istheboxheavyorlight?那箱子是重的還是輕的？(3)light(lit/lighted)作動詞，意為“點(diǎn)燃，照亮”。Ex.Hesatdownandlitacigarette.他坐下來，點(diǎn)了一支煙。1.Pleasehelphim(to)lightthecigarette.(light)2.Turnoffthelights(light)whenyouleavethehouse.5.Ben’sdadwasputtingpiecesofwoodoverthewindowswhilehismomwasmakingsuretheflashlightsandradiowereworking.本的爸爸正在把木頭塊搭在窗戶上面，而他的媽媽正在確保手電筒和收音機(jī)能正常使用?！铩窘馕觥縨akesure確信；確保用法：(1)makesuretodosth.確保做某事(2)makesureofsth.確保某事(3)makesure+that從句確?！璄x.Pleasemakesuretoturnoffthecomputerwhenyouleave.Doyouknowthetimeofthetrain?You’dbettermakesureofit.Makesurethatyouturnoffthelights.()【2017山東青島3】Therearen’tmanyticketsleftfortheconcert,you'dbetter______thatyougetonetoday.A.makesureof B.makeadecision C.makesure D.makeplans6.Whenhewokeup,thesunwasrising.當(dāng)他醒來的時(shí)候，太陽已經(jīng)升起來了?！窘馕?】wakeup(v+adv)醒來；睡醒★()1.【2017廣東河源】_____,Tom!It’stimetogetupandgotoschool.A.Wakeup B.Makeup C.Growup D.Lookup()2.【2017南京中考】—What’swrongwithyou,Eric?Youlooktired.—I_____toprepareforthefinalexamlastnight.A.pickedup B.wokeup C.stayedup D.putup【解析2】risev.增加；提高；增強(qiáng)；上升，升起★★rise和raise辨析：(1)rise 升起；上升 表示主語自身移向較高位置 Ex.Pricerosegradually.價(jià)格逐漸上升。(2)raise 舉起；提高 表示主語發(fā)出的動作作用于其他事物 Ex.Let’sraiseourhands.我們來舉起手。()Theriver___twoinchesthismorning.A.rose B.raised C.aregettingupD.grow7.Whateventhappenedattheschoolyesterday?★★昨天學(xué)校發(fā)生了什么事？【解析】happen發(fā)生；碰巧（指偶然性發(fā)生）happen和takeplace辨析：(1)happenv.“發(fā)生”沒有被動語態(tài)，主語是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事發(fā)生的偶然性用法：sth.happentosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Ex.Whathappenedtoyou?=Whatwaswrongwithhim?Shehappenedtobeoutwhenwecalled.(2)takeplace發(fā)生，指事情有計(jì)劃有安排地發(fā)生Ex.Thesportsmeetingtookplaceinourschoollastweek.()1.Anaccident____attheschoolgatethismorning.A.happenedB.happenedtoC.tookplaceD.tookplaces()2.Whathappened_____theboy?A.with B.toC.atD.on()3.Aseriousbikeaccident____her,andshewasbadlyhurt.A.happenedtoB.washappenedtoC.washappeningD.washappen()4.【2017山東臨沂】TheOlympicGamesof2016will_____inBrazil.A.takeafter B.takeoff C.takeplace D.takeaway()5.【2017山東濟(jì)南】—It’shottoday,isn’tit?—Yes,itis.Whynot__________yourjacket?A.takecareB.takeplaceC.takeafterD.takeoff8.Morerecently,mostAmericansrememberwhattheyweredoingwhentheWorldTradeCenterinNewYorkwastakendownbyterrorists.最近，大部分美國人還記得當(dāng)紐約世貿(mào)大樓被恐怖分子襲擊的時(shí)候自己在做什么。【解析1】remembertodosth.與rememberdoingsth.的用法區(qū)別?！?1)remembertodosth.記得去做某事（此事還未做）Ex.Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.當(dāng)你離開房間的時(shí)候記得關(guān)燈。(2)rememberdoingsth.記得做過某事（此事已做完）Ex.IrememberturningoffthelightwhenIlefttheroom.我記得離開房間時(shí)關(guān)燈了。【解析2】takedown拆掉；拆毀★【解析3】terrorn.恐怖→terroristn.恐怖分子★★Ex.befullofterror充滿恐怖【拓展】artn.藝術(shù)→artistn.藝術(shù)家sciencen.科學(xué)→scientistn.科學(xué)家pianon.鋼琴→pianistn.鋼琴家()—DidyouwatchtheTVnews?Thewholeeventwasfullof____.—Yes,Idid.Those____wereallcaughtbythepoliceatlast.A.terror;terroristB.terrorist;terrorsC.terror;terroristsD.terrors;terrorists9.IwassoscaredthatIcouldhardlythinkclearlyafterthat.★★我是那么害怕以至于我?guī)缀醪荒芮宄叵胂竽侵蟮氖?。【解析】hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不，幾乎沒有”，表示否定含義。Ex.Hehardlydoesthehousework.他幾乎不做家務(wù)。Shewassoexcitedthatshecouldhardlysleep.她如此興奮，以至于幾乎不能入睡。hardly與hard辨析：hardly副詞，意為“幾乎不”HehardlywatchesTV.他幾乎不看電視。hard作形容詞，意為“難的；硬的”作副詞，意為“努力地；猛烈地”Shefoundithardtodecide.她發(fā)現(xiàn)難以決定。Weshouldworkhard.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)努力工作。()【2017山東臨忻】Davidwassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecouldsayaword.A.nearly B.hard C.ever D.hardly10.IhadtroublethinkingclearlyafterthatbecauseIwasveryafraid.后來由于害怕我無法清晰地思考?！铩窘馕觥縯roublen困難；苦惱；憂慮用法：(1)introuble處于困境中g(shù)etsb.intotrouble使某人陷入困境(2)What'sthetroublewithyou?=What’sthematterwithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么啦？(3)havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有麻煩類似的表達(dá)還有：haveproblem/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有問題/困難()1.Ihadtrouble____myhomework.A.tofinish B.finishing C.finishes D.finish()2.—Mr.Wang,Ihavetrouble___thetext.—Remember____itthreetimesatleast.A.tounderstand;reading B.understanding;readingC.understanding;toread D.tounderstand;toread五、重點(diǎn)語法過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1、概念：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作。2、構(gòu)成：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)由助動詞be的過去式was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞（doing）構(gòu)成。第一人稱和第三人稱單數(shù)用was，其余的都用were。3、句型：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句：Ex.Iwasworking./Youwereworking./He/She/Itwasworking./We/You/Theywereworking.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句:Ex.Iwasnotworking./Youwerenotworking./He/She/Itwasnotworking./We/You/Theywerenotworking.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的疑問句：Ex.Wereyouworkingattenlastnight?Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn’t.Washeworkingattenlastnight?Yes,hewas./No,hewasn’t.4、用法1.它表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，通常和表示時(shí)間點(diǎn)的時(shí)間狀語一起用。Ex.MyparentswerewatchingTVat8:00lastnight.昨晚八點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)我的父母親都在看電視。Theywereswimmingintheswimmingpoolthistimelastweek.上個(gè)星期的這個(gè)時(shí)候他們正在游泳池游泳。2.在表示過去一個(gè)動作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)動作同時(shí)也正在進(jìn)行，那么持續(xù)時(shí)間長的動作要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。經(jīng)常和when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句連用。Ex.Whentheteachercamein,Iwassinging.老師進(jìn)來時(shí)我正在唱歌。Whensomeoneknockedatthedoor,wewerehavingsupper.有人敲門時(shí)，我們正在吃晚飯。3.與always連用，表示一個(gè)不斷重復(fù)的過去的動作。Ex.Hewasalwaysringingmeup.他老是給我打電話。重點(diǎn)：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)atthattime,then,atfouryesterdayafternoon,atthistimeyesterday,thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromseventoteno’clockyesterdaymorning以及when引導(dǎo)的從句時(shí)，一般情況下要用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。5、when和while的區(qū)別：1.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，while連接的是時(shí)間段，而when連接的多是時(shí)間點(diǎn)Ex.Whatdoesyourfatherdowhileyourmotheriscooking?Whatdoesyourmotherdowhenyoucomeback?2.while可以連接兩個(gè)并列的句子，而when不可以Ex.IwastryingmybesttofinishmyworkwhilemysisterwaswatchingTV.六、真題演練()1.【2017浙江杭州】Sallytookaphotoofherfriendswhilethey_____computergames.A.play B.areplaying C.haveplayedD.wereplaying()2.【2017黑龍江綏化】Myuncle____booksintheroomatthistimeyesterday.A.wasseeingB.isreadingC.wasreading()3.【2017黑龍江齊齊哈爾3】What____you_____whenthecaptaincamein?A.are;doingB.did;doC.were;doing()4.【2017四川雅安1】Amywasreadingabook_____Icamein.A.whe