江西省新余市某中學(xué)2021屆高三第四次模擬英語試題（含聽力）

江西省新余一中2021屆高中畢業(yè)年級第四次模擬考試

英語試卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷

上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時

間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?

A.Hehadanaccident.

B.Heworksinthehospital.

C.Hesufferedfromaheadache.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:DidyouhearJohn'sinthehospitalwithheadinjuriesandabrokenann?

M:Yes.Apparentlyhewasstruckbyanothervehicleandturnedcompletelyover.

2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whyisthemanlate?

A.Heoverslept.

B.Helosthiscarkey.

C.Hehadnoalarmclocks.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:You'relateagain.Didyourcarbreakdown?

M:No,Iforgottosetmyalarmclock,soIsleptovertime.

3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Health.B.Education.C.Environment.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Iwonderifourchildrenwillstillbeabletobreathecleanair,drinkcleanwaterandsee

abluesky.

W:Yes.Ithinkit'stimemanlearnedtoliveinharmonywiththeearthinsteadofdestroyingit.

4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

Howoldisthegirl?

A.6yearsold.B.9yearsold.C.15yearsold.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Youareagoodpianoplayer.Howlonghaveyoubeenplayingthepiano?

W:TvebeenplayingthepianosinceIwas6yearsold.About9yearsago.

M:Really?That'salongtime.Tmalsoplanningtolearntoplaythesedays.

5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

What'stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Neighbors.B.Formerclassmates.C.Workmates.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Gary,hello.Howareyou?Youlooktallerandstrongerthanbefore.Irememberlittle

Gary,thebeststudentintheclass.

M:No,youwereabetterstudentthanIwas,butIrememberalittlegirlwithglasses.You're

different,too.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、

C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你

將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時

間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

6.Whoneedsanewdress?

A.Jenny.B.Ann.C.Lucy.

7.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?

A.Aclothesstore.B.TheCityLibrary.C.Abookstore.

【答案】6.C7.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Lucy,areyougoingout?

W:Yes.IneedanewdressforJenny'sbirthdayparty.

M:I'mgoingdowntown,too.Couldyougivemealift?

W:Sure.Bytheway,doyouhaveamembershipcardforthePrettyGirlsStore?

M:Yes.IoftenbuydressesforAnninthatstore.Icangeta20percentdiscountoneverythingthere.

W:Great.Couldwegotherefirst?Iwanttouseyourcard.

M:Whynot?It'sstill2:00I'llstillhaveenoughtimetochoosesomebooks.

W:SoyouaregoingtotheCityLibrary,aren'tyou?

M:No,I'mgoingtobuysomebooksfbrAnn.Shelikesreading.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

8.Whatisthepartyfor?

A.Afestival.B.Abirthday.C.Ananniversary.

9.Whydoesthegirltalktotheman?

A.Toaskforpermission.

B.lbmakeaninvitation.

C.Togetsomeadvice.

10.Whatwilltheheadmasterdobeforetheparty?

A.SinganEnglishsong.

B.Sharehisresolutions.

C.Deliveraspeech.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Hi,Mr.Smith.Iwonderifyou'refreeonNewYear'sEve.We'dlikeyoutocometoour

NewYear'sparty.

M:Thankyou.Tdlovetocome.Wherewillitbe?

W:Inourclassroomat6:00pm.Bytheway,couldyousingasongforusattheparty?

M:I'mafraidI'mnotthatgoodatsinging,butTiltry.HowaboutanEnglishfolksong?

W:Thatwouldbewonderful.Ourmonitorhasbeenwantingtoaskyoutosing.We'llalsoinvite

severalotherteacherstotheparty.Eachofthemwillperformsomethingforus,andIthinkthe

headmasterwillgiveaspeechbeforetheparty.

M:Soundsgreat.Ihopetherewillbesomefungamesattheparty.

W:Oh,ofcourse,andwe'llallshareourNewYearresolutionsattheendoftheparty.

M:I'msureifllbeagreatparty.

W:Yes,Ihopewe'llallhaveawonderfultime.

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

11.Whatdidthemanthinkofthegirl'slastpaper?

A.Excellent.B.Ordinary.C.Poorlydone.

12.Whohelpedthegirlwithherresearch?

A.Jean.B.Mr.Smith.C.Ms.White.

13.Whatwillthegirldonext?

A.Rewritethepaper.

B.Askforsickleave.

C.Prepareforanoralpresentation.

【答案】11.C12.A13.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Mr.Smith,mayItalkwithyouforamoment?

M:Ofcourse.Comein,please.

W:Tvecometotalktoyouaboutmygradeonmylastpaper.IwanttoknowwhyIwasgivenan

“F”.

M:Well,yourswassosimilartothatofanotherstudentintheclass,andIthinkthatyou'dnotdone

ityourself.

W:IdidworkcloselywithmyroommateJean,butletmeexplainwhy.Aweekbeforethepaperwas

due,Iwastoosicktodomyresearch.Jeanagreedtohelpme.Butitwasreallyonmyown.

M:Well,you'dbeengivenamonthtoworkonthepaper.Wouldn'titbebettertogetaheadrather

thantowaituntilthelastminute?Eachstudentwassupposedtoprepareitindividually.Tmafraid

mydecisionremainsthesame.However,ifyou'rewillingtomakeanoralpresentationaboutthe

government'sroleinrunningtheeconomy,Tilgiveyouextracredit.

W:Thankyou.Tildothat.Butwhen?

M:MyassistantMs.Whitewillinformyouassoonasitisdecided.

W:OK.Goodbye!

聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Getfit.B.Killtime.C.Relaxherself.

15.Whencannon-membersenjoythespecialoffer?

A.Thismonth.B.Duringholidays.C.Ontheirbirthdays.

16.Howmuchdoesaswimmingclasscostnon-memberseachtime?

A.$35.B.$25.C.$10.

17.Whatclasswillthewomanchoose?

A.Aweightliftingclass.

B.Aswimmingclass.

C.Ayogaclass.

【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Goodmorning.ThisisSpaHeaven.HowcanIhelpyou?

W:Well,basically,IthinkI'mtootiredandlookingforsomewaytorelax.

M:OK,sure.Didyouknowthatwerecentlyhaveaspecialofferwhichallowsnon-memberstouse

ourfacilitieswithouthavingtopaythemembershipfee?

W:Oh,thafsgreat.

M:Yeah,buttheofferisjustuntiltheendofthismonth.Anyway,letmetellyoualittleaboutthe

facilitiesatSpaHeaven.First,wehaveafitnesscenterwhereyoucanhaveaweighttrainingsothat

youcanlosesomeweight.

W:Andthatsoundsgood,butI'mnotreallyinterestedingettingfit.Ijustwanttogetridofmy

tiredness.Mm,well,TdliketogoswimmingandIfindthathelpsmerelax.

M:Wehavetwo25-meterpoolshere.

W:Canyoutellmehowmuchthatcosts?

M:Well,fornon-members,itcostsjust$10foreachtime.

W:OK.IthinkIneedtodosomethingmorerelaxing,youknow,likeyoga.Doyouhaveanything

likethat?

M:Well,yes.Andduringthespecialofferperiod,non-memberscantakepartfbrjust$35perclass.

W:OK.Thanksverymuchfbryourhelp.Tilcomedownthisafternoonandarrangeayogaclass.

M:Sure,Tmlookingforwardtoseeingyouthen.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】

18.Whydidthereaderfeellonely?

A.Shehadtroublewithherstudies.

B.Herbestfriendwasn'taround.

C.Shewasunabletolookafterherself.

19.Whatisthespeakertryingtodo?

A.Introduceaclass.

B.Shareexperiences.

C.Givesuggestions.

20.Whomisthispassagewrittenfor?

A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Students.

【答案】18.B19.C20.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Areaderwroteintosaythatshewasfeelingleftoutatbreakbecauseherbestfriend

wasn'taround.Here'souradvicetoher,andtoallkidswhofeellonelysometimes.

It'shardwhenabestfriendisn'taround,maybebecauseshemovedtoadifferentschoolora

differentclass.Youmayfeellonelyatbreakorlunchtime.Youwanttohavenewfriends.Buthow

doyoumakethem?Maybeitseemslikeeverybodyelsealreadyhastheirfriends.Butremember,

there'salwaysroomformorefriends.

Startbylookingaroundyourclassroom-thinkingaboutwhichkidsyou'dliketoplaywithat

break.Lookforchancestosayhitothem,smileandbefriendly.Offertosharesomethingwithor

expressyourappreciationtothem,invitesomeonetoplaywithyouorsay"Doyouwanttosit

here?**atlunchtime.Ifyouhavetroubledoingthisorifyou'refeelingshy,askyourteachertohelp

youmakenewfriends.Teachersareusuallyprettygoodatmatchingupfriends.Thebestwayto

makefriendsistobeafriend.Bekind,befriendly,share,saynicethings,offertohelp,andpretty

soonyou'Hhaveone,ortwo,orevenmorenewfriends.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

UpcomingEventsCalendar

FebruaryExhibitionatJustusFineArtGallery

OwnedbytheartistDoloresJustus,thegalleryoffersaseriesoforiginalartincludingpaintings,

photographyworks,sculptureandmorebyrecognizedartists.Hoursarefrom10a.m.to5p.m.,

WednesdaythroughSaturdayandtheticketsareopentobookinginadvance.Thegalleryislocated

at827ACentralAvenueinHotSprings,AR.

Formoreinformation,call501-321-2335orvisitonlineatwww.justusfineart.com.

TheFantasticks

TheFantasticksisafunnyandromanticmusicalaboutaboy,agirl,andtheirtwofatherswho

trytokeepthemapart.ItisheldatHotSpringsBathhouseDinnerTheatre,701CentralAve.The

dinnerseatingbeginsat5:30p.m.It'ssuggestedthatyoubookaticketinadvance.

Formoreinformationaboutthemusical,pleasecontact501-318-1600ore-mailsales@

hotspringsbathhousedinnertheatre.com.

Art&Wine

JoinlocalartistDeeGarrettatGarvanWoodlandGardens,550ArkridgeRoadasshepresentsa

paintingworkshopforartistsatthebeginnerlevel.Participantsmayenjoywineandcheeseasthey

practicetheirtechniques,creatingfinishedpiecesoncanvas.Allmaterialsareprovided.

Formoreinformation,pleasecontact501-262-9300.

AAAStateBasketball2019

WewillbepostingthelatestinformationclosetothedateonourFrontPage,socheckusout

daily.TicketswillgoonsaleonThursday,March7,attheBankoftheOzarksArenaBoxOfficeand

notbefore,andmustbeboughtinperson.TheywillnotbesoldoverthephoneorovertheInternet.

Youcanonlybuyticketsonthedayofthegames.Cashandcreditcardsonly.

Formoreinformation,checkoutwww.ahsaa.org.

21.Wherecanyougotoenjoyartworksbywell-knownartists?

A.701CentralAve.B.550ArkridgeRoad.

C.827ACentralAvenue.D.TheBankoftheOzarksArenaBox

Office.

22.Whatcanyoudoifyou'reinterestedinmusicals?

A.Dial501-262-9300.B.Dial501-318-1600.

C.Dial501-321-2335.D.Visitwww.justusfineart.com.

23.HowcanyougetaticketfortheAAAStateBasketballgames?

A.Bycheckingoutwww.ahsaa.org.B.Bybookingoneonlineinadvance.

C.BypostingthenewsontheFrontPage.D.Bybuyingoneattheboxofficein

cash.

【答案】21.C22.B23.D

【解析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個即將開始的活動信息，介紹了其活動內(nèi)容、時間、地

點(diǎn)和聯(lián)系方式等信息。

[21題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FebruaryExhibitionatJustusFineArtGallery部分中“Ownedbytheartist

DoloresJustus,thegalleryoffersaseriesoforiginalartincludingpaintings,photographyworks,

sculptureandmorebyrecognizedartists.；Thegalleryislocatedat827ACentralAvenueinHot

Springs,AR.（畫廊由藝術(shù)家DoloresJustus所有，提供一系列由知名藝術(shù)家創(chuàng)作的原創(chuàng)藝術(shù)，

包括繪畫，攝影作品，雕塑等；該畫廊位于阿拉斯加州溫泉市中央大道827號A）”可知，

你在中央大街827號A可以欣賞到著名藝術(shù)家的作品。故選C。

【22題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheFantasticks部分中“TheFantasticksisafunnyandromanticmusicalabout

aboy,agirl,andtheirtwofatherswhotrytokeepthemapart.；Formoreinformationaboutthe

musical,pleasecontact501-318-1600ore-mailsales@hotspringsbathhousedinnertheatre.

com.（Fantasticks是一部有趣而浪漫的音樂劇，講述了一個男孩、一個女孩和他們的兩個父

親試圖把他們分開的故事；更多關(guān)于音樂劇的信息，請聯(lián)系501?318.1600或電子郵件sales@

hotspringsbathhousedinnertheatre.com.）可知，如果你對音樂劇感興趣，你可以撥打電話

501-318-1600。故選B。

【23題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AAAStateBasketball2019部分中Youcanonlybuyticketsonthedayofthe

games.Cashandcreditcardsonly.（你只能在比賽當(dāng)天購買門票。只收現(xiàn)金和信用卡）”可知，

你可以在售票處用現(xiàn)金買一張AAA州籃球比賽的票。故選Do

B

JessicaBurks'homeisfullofopportunities.Packagedslime（黏土）inavarietyofcolorsand

pleasantsmellslinesonewalloflivingroom,and,inthedesignated“slimeroom^^workspaceinthe

back,bottlesoffragranceoilarearrangedinrows,nexttoglueandanindustrial-sizekitchenmixer.

Butit'snottheamountofslimeinBurks'housethatshockspeople,shesaid.Ifsthather

15-year-olddaughter,SamanthaZumwalt,isinchargeoftheirenteiprise.Themother-daughter

teamrunSamantha'sSlimeShopathomeandthedemandfortheirproductshelpsthemearnsix

figuresayear.Samantha'sslime,offeredinarainbowofcolorsandarangeoftextures（質(zhì)地），isin

highdemand.Sinceshestartedherbusiness,she'smademorethan24,000salesonEtsy.The

customersaregenerallyyoung—between9and12yearsold,Burkssaid,thoughsomeadultsand

teensbuyslime,too.SomecustomersbuySamantha'sslimebecausetheysayplayingwithitis

calming.Otherswantitbecauseitgivesthemsomethingtodowiththeirhands.

Lastyear,NicholeJacklyne,asocialmediablogger,whoreviewsslimeandprovidesDIY

lessonsforhundredsofthousandsoffollowers,reviewedSamantha'sproductinavideo.After

Jacklyne'svideo,orderspouredintoSamantha'sshop,Burkssaid.

However,Samantha'smomwasinitiallyresistanttothegirfsslimeambitions.Ittookmonths

forSamanthatoconvincehermomtobuythekeymaterialstomakeslime.t6Itoldhernofor

months,Burkssaid.Finally,Burksgavein.Shehadbeenlaidofffromherjobasanaccountant,

andthetwodoveintotheslimebusiness.Now,BurksisproudofSamanthaforrunningthebusiness

sowell,“Ihopeshecanmeetallofherbusinessgoals—whetherthat'sstillrunningtheslime

enterprise,orbuyinganotherbusinessout,orstartinganewbusiness,“shesaid.''Whateverher

dreamsare...iswhere1wanthertobe.”

24.WhydoestheauthorspecificallydescribeJessicaBurks'homeinParagraph1?

A.Tostresstheamountofslimethere.B.Topresenthowspecialherhomeis.

C.TointroduceSamantha'sslimebusiness.D.Toshowthebusinessopportunitiesof

slime.

25.WhatdoweknowaboutSamantha'sslimefromthetext?

A.Itonlywinspopularitywithkids.

B.AUadultsbuyitjustforrecreation.

C.Socialmediacontributesgreatlytoitssales.

D.IthelpsSamanthagetmorefollowersontheInternet.

26.HowdoesJessicaBurks'attitudetoSamantha'sslimebusinesschange?

A.Worried—>Favorable.B.Doubtful—>Objective.

C.Negative—>Cautious.D.Disapproving—Supportive.

27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Samantha'sslimebusinessisasuccess.

B.Samanthapromotesherslimeonline.

C.Playingwithslimeputspeopleatease.

D.JessicaBurksquitstorunherslimebusiness.

【答案】24.C25.C26.D27.A

【解析】

本文是一篇記敘文。本文講述了15歲的Samantha在媽媽的幫助下，在家開店售賣不同顏色

和氣味的黏土，并獲得成功的故事。

【24題詳解】

推理判斷題。閱讀文章可知，第一段描述了Burks家有各種顏色的黏土及制作材料。再根據(jù)

下文內(nèi)容，尤其是第二段中的"Butit'snottheamountofslimeinBurks'housethatshockspeople,

shesaid.”"Themother-daughterteamrunSamantha'sSlimeShopathomeandthedemandfortheir

productshelpsthemearnsixfiguresayear.（但并不是Burks家的黏土量令人震驚，她說：“母

女團(tuán)隊(duì)在家經(jīng)營Samantha的黏土店，對她們產(chǎn)品的需求，幫助她們每年掙6位數(shù)的收入?！?/p>

可知，作者寫作第一段的目的是引出對Samantha黏土生意的介紹，故選C。

【25題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容，尤其是“AfterJacklyne^video,orderspouredintoSamantha^

shop”可知，社交媒體博主Jacklyne在網(wǎng)上的點(diǎn)評視頻使得Samantha的黏土商店獲得了大量

訂單，故社交媒體促進(jìn)了Samantha的黏土銷量上漲，即社交媒體對其銷售貢獻(xiàn)巨大。故選

Co

【26題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后-一段中的“Samantha'smomwasinitiallyresistanttothegirl'sslime

ambitions^^UItoldhernoformonths”可知，Samantha的媽媽一開始對Samantha的黏土事業(yè)是

抵制的;再根據(jù)最后一段中的"Now,BurksisproudofSamanthaforrunningthebusinesssowell”

可知，現(xiàn)在Burks對Samamha的作為感到自豪，故可看出Samantha的媽媽現(xiàn)在十分支持

Samantha的黏土事業(yè)。JessicaBurks對Samantha的黏土生意的態(tài)度經(jīng)歷了由反對到支持。

故選D。

【27題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)第二段中的“Samantha'sslime,offeredinarainbowofcolors

andarangeoftextures（質(zhì)地），isinhighdemand.Sinceshestartedherbusiness,she'smademore

than24,000salesonEtsy.（Samantha的黏土以彩虹色和多種質(zhì)地供應(yīng)，需求量很大。自從她

創(chuàng)業(yè)以來，她在Etsy上的銷售額已經(jīng)超過了24000o）”可知，本文主要講述了15歲女孩

SamanthaZumwalt開設(shè)的黏土商店大獲成功的故事，故A項(xiàng)"Samantha的黏土生意很成功”

最能概括文章大意。故選A。

C

CoulditbetimetosaygoodbyetoEarth?AccordingtoNASA,agiantasteroidisheadingfor

Earthnextmonth.Well,whenwesayheadingforEarth,weactuallymeanitsheadingfbrEarth's

vicinity（周邊）,passingwithin3,908,791milesofourplanet.

Officiallyclassifiedas52768（1998OR2）,thenear-misshasbeenpredictedtooccuronApril

29.AccordingtoNASA,theasteroidistravelingtowardusat19,461milesperhourandisabout

halfthesizeofMountQomolangma.

Thespaceagencyfirstdiscoveredtheobjectin1998andsaiditwouldbe“l(fā)argeenoughto

causeglobaleffects,,ifitweretohitEarth.Butdespitebeingclassedas"potentiallyhazardous（有

危險(xiǎn)的）”,scientistssaiditisnotonthelistofpotentialfutureEarthimpactevents.

Currently,theagencyhasidentified20,000Near-EarthObjects.Ofthese,onlyafeware

consideredpotentialimpactors,whichNASAtracksviatheirautomatedSentrySystem.

Thenear-miss1998OR2mightnotposeathreat,butmanyscientistsagreeit'sonlyamatterof

timebeforeahugeasteroidcollideswithEarth.

CardiffUniversityscientistIanMcDonaldtoldBBCToday,"Doomsdayasteroidhitsaren't

confinedtothepast.Therearealwaysrocksflyingthroughspace.Oneofthesewillhitusanditwill

haveprettydramaticeffects.^^

ThelastEarthimpactwasin2013,andterrifyinglynobodysawitcoming.Dubbed（被稱為）

theChelyabinskmeteor,itexplodedjust30kilometersfromEarth'ssurface,shatteringwindows

androckingbuildingsforover500squarekilometers,accordingtotheBBC.

Thisimpactinjuredaround950peopleinRussia,butitjustgoestoshowhowprecariouslife

onEarthisandhowitcouldbedevastated（毀壞的）bylargerfutureimpacts.

28.Whatcanwelearnabout1998OR2?

A.ItisaslargeasMountQomolangma.

B.ItisheadingforEarthat3,908,791mph.

C.ItislikelytooccurattheendofMarch.

D.ItisestimatednottobeathreattoEarth.

29.WhatwouldMcDonaldprobablyagreewith?

A.ThereislittlechancethatthedoomsdayasteroidhitsEarth.

B.AmegaasteroidcouldunavoidablythreatenEarthoneday.

C.Potentialimpactorscouldbetrackedanddestroyed.

D.MegaasteroidscouldcollidewithEarthmoreofteninthefuture.

30.BymentioningtheChelyabinsk,meteorinthetext,theauthorintendsto.

A.compareitwiththeupcoming1998OR2

B.presentthedramaticeffectsofEarthimpacts

C.showhowfrequentEarthimpactsare

D.provethatlittlecanbedoneinthefaceofanEarthimpact

31.Theunderlinedword“precarious“inthelastparagraphprobablymeans"

A.uncertainB.unprepared

C.preciousD.diverse

【答案】28.D29.B30.B31.A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文?本文談?wù)摿诵⌒行?9980R2是否會撞擊地球，以及一些科學(xué)家對小行星

是否會撞擊地球的觀點(diǎn)。

【28題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的"Butdespitebeingclassedas"potentiallyhazardous（有危險(xiǎn)的）”,

scientistssaiditisnotonthelistofpotentialfutureEarthimpactevents,（盡管被歸類為"潛在危

險(xiǎn)”，但科學(xué)家們表示，它并不在未來可能對地球產(chǎn)生影響的事件名單上。）”以及第五段

的"Thenear-miss19980R2mightnotposeathreat（未命中的19980R2可能不會構(gòu)成威脅）”

可推知，估計(jì)19980R2不會對地球構(gòu)成威脅。故選D。

【29題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文第五段"it'sonlyamatteroftimebeforeahugeasteroidcollideswith

Earth.（巨大的小行星與地球相撞只是時間問題。）"和第六段"Doomsdayasteroidhitsaren't

confinedtothepast.Therearealwaysrocksflyingthroughspace.Oneofthesewillhitusanditwill

haveprettydramaticef^ects.^^（世界末日小行星撞擊并不局限于過去?？傆袔r石在太空中飛

過。其中一個會擊中我們，會產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)大的影響。"）"可知，McDonald可能認(rèn)為一顆巨

型小行星總有一天會不可避免地威脅到地球。故選B。

【30題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"ThelastEarthimpactwasin2013,andterrifyinglynobodysawit

coming.Dubbed（被稱為）theChelyabinskmeteor,itexplodedjust30kilometersfromEarth's

surface,shatteringwindowsandrockingbuildingsforover500squarekilometers,accordingtothe

BBC.（上一次地球撞擊發(fā)生在2013年，可怕的是沒有人看到它的到來。據(jù)英國廣播公司報(bào)

道，這顆被稱為cheryabinsk的流星在距地球表面僅30公里的地方爆炸，打碎了500多平方

公里的窗戶，搖晃著建筑物。）可推知，作者提到cheryabinsk的流星目的是展示小行星撞擊

地球的巨大影響。故選B。

【31題詳解】

詞義猜測題。從上文的倒數(shù)第二段“terrifyinglynobodysawitcoming（可怕的是沒有人看到

它來了）”以及下文的"howitcouldbedevastated（毀壞的）bylargerfutureimpacts（它是如

何被未來更大的沖擊摧毀的）”可以推知，這里指的是巨行星撞擊地球會給地球上的生命帶

來潛在的毀滅性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而這種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是不確定的，所以選項(xiàng)中A為最佳答案。故選A。

Ourabilitytocollectdatagetsfaraheadofourabilitytofullyuseit,yetdatamayholdthekey

tosolvingsomeofthebiggestglobalchallengesfacingustoday.

Take,forinstance,thefrequentoutbreaksofwaterbornediseasesasaconsequenceofwaror

naturaldisasters.Themostrecentexamplecanbefoundinthecountry,whereroughly10,000new

suspectedcasesofcholera（霍舌L）arereportedeachweek——andhistoryisfilledwithsimilarstories.

Whatifwecouldbetterunderstandtheenvironmentalfactorsthatcontributedtothedisease,predict

whichcommunitiesareathigherrisk,andputinplaceprotectivemeasurestostopthespread?

Answerstothisquestionandotherslikeitcouldpotentiallyhelpuspreventacatastrophe.

Asabigdatascientist,Istudieddatafromwide-ranging,publicsourcestoidentifypatterns,

hopingtopredicttrendsthatcouldbeathreattoglobalsecurity.Variousdatastreamsareimportant

becausethegroundtruthdata（suchassurveys）isoftendelayed,limited,incorrector,sometimes,

nonexistent.

Forexample,knowingtheincidence（發(fā)生率）ofmosquito-bornediseaseincommunities

wouldhelpuspredicttheriskofmosquito-spreaddiseasesuchasdengue,theleadingcauseof

illnessanddeathinthetropics.However,mosquitodataataglobal（andevennational）levelisnot

accessible.

Toaddressthisgap,we'reusingothersourcessuchassatellitepictures,climatedataand

populationinformationtoforecasttheriskofdengue.Specifically,wehadsuccessinpredictingthe

spreadofdengueinBrazilattheregional,stateandcitylevelusingthesedatastreamsaswellas

clinicalobservationdataandonlinesearchersthatusedtermsrelatedtothedisease.Whileour

predictionsaren'tperfect,theyshowpromise.

Similarly,toforecastthefluseason,wehavefoundthatonlinesearchescancomplement（補(bǔ)充）

clinicaldata.Becausetherateofpeoplesearchingtheinternetforflusymptomsoftenincreases

duringtheirbeginning,wecanpredictashaipincreaseincaseswhereclinicaldatadelays.Allof

thisshowsthepotentialofbigdata.Theinformationisthere;nowifstimetouseit.

32.Whatdotheexamplesinparagraphs2and4show?

A.Bigdataisstillhardtogetanduse.

B.Peoplearen'tskilledatdealingwithbigdata.

C.Bigdataisnotalwaysanimaginedmethod.

D.Catastrophesmightbepreventedwithbigdata.

33.Accordingtothetext,surveydata.

A.isamainformofmultipledatastreams

B.isaneffectivewaytocollectinformation

C.issometimesunreliableandunavailable

D.isatimelyalternativetomultipledatastreams

34.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thisgap“inparagraph5referto?

A.Thelackofbigdataonmosquitoes.

B.Thelackofdifferentdatastreams.

C.Theriskofanoutbreakofadisease.

D.Theignoranceofhowadiseasespreads.

35.What'sthebest出leofthetext?

A.Howdowecollectandusedata?

B.Whatarethechallengesfacingusnow?

C.Howcanbigdatahelpsavetheworld?

D.Whatistheanswertopreventingcatastrophes?

【答案】32.D33.C34.A35.C

【解析】

本文是一篇說明文。我們生活在大數(shù)據(jù)時代，搜集到的信息可能包含了我們現(xiàn)如今正在面臨

的全球性挑戰(zhàn)的解決辦法，有幫助我們阻止災(zāi)難發(fā)生的潛力。

【32題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段uAnswerstothisquestionandotherslikeitcouldpotentiallyhelpus

preventacatastrophe."對這個問題和其他類似問題的回答可能會幫助我們防止災(zāi)難的發(fā)生。

第二段的事例旨在說明如果有大數(shù)據(jù)，那么我們也許就可以預(yù)防重大災(zāi)難的發(fā)生；再根據(jù)第

四段“knowingtheincidenceofmosquito-bornediseaseincommunitieswouldhelpuspredictthe

riskofmosquito-spreaddiseasesuchasdengue,nf解社區(qū)中蚊子傳播疾病的發(fā)病率將有助于

我們預(yù)測登革熱等蚊子傳播疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，第四段的事例表明大數(shù)據(jù)能夠幫助我們預(yù)測由蚊子

傳播的疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。這些均說明我們可以利用大數(shù)據(jù)預(yù)測這些疾病的發(fā)生率從而防止其大規(guī)

模蔓延，即阻止這種災(zāi)難的發(fā)生。故選D項(xiàng)。

【33題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Variousdatastreamsareimportantbecausethegroundtruthdata

(suchassurveys)isoftendelayed,limited,incorrector,sometimes,nonexistent.^^各種數(shù)據(jù)流很重

要，因?yàn)榈孛嬲鎸?shí)數(shù)據(jù)(如調(diào)查)經(jīng)常是延遲的、有限的、不正確的，有時甚至是不存在的。

可知，調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)有時候是不可靠的或者不可用的。故選C。

【34題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分前面一段中的“However,mosquitodataataglobal(andevennational)

levelisnotaccessible.”可知，目前還沒有全球(甚至全國)規(guī)模的蚊子數(shù)據(jù)。再結(jié)合下文的

彌補(bǔ)措施we'reusingothersourcessuchassatellitepictures,climatedataand

populationinformationtoforecasttheriskofdengue.可知，thisgap指的就是有關(guān)

蚊子的大數(shù)據(jù)的匱乏。故選A項(xiàng)。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。文章第一段就是本文的中心段，第一段"Ourabilitytocollec