GB/T 18029.1-2024輪椅車第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定

ICS

11.180.10

CCS

Y14

中華人民共和國國家標準

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

代替GB/T18029.1—2008

輪椅車

第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定

Wheelchairs—Part1:Determinationofstaticstability

（ISO7176-1:2014，IDT）

2024-06-29發(fā)布2024-10-01實施

國家市場監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國家標準化管理委員會

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

目次

前言

·····································································································

Ⅲ

引言

·····································································································

Ⅴ

1

范圍

··································································································

1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

······················································································

1

3

術語和定義

···························································································

1

4

原理

··································································································

2

4.1

靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性

······················································································

2

4.2

防翻裝置的作用

·················································································

4

5

設施

··································································································

4

5.1

測試平臺

·························································································

4

5.2

調節(jié)測試平臺斜面角度的裝置

···································································

4

5.3

滾動約束裝置

····················································································

4

5.4

滑動約束裝置

····················································································

4

5.5

傾翻限位裝置

····················································································

4

5.6

角度測量裝置

····················································································

4

5.7

測試用假人

······················································································

4

5.8

假人固定裝置

····················································································

5

6

設置程序

······························································································

5

7

基本測試方法

·························································································

5

8

前傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測試

·················································································

5

8.1

一般要求

·························································································

5

8.2

輪子不制動、輪椅車處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

·························································

6

8.3

斜面下端輪子制動，輪椅車處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

··················································

7

8.4

輪子不制動，輪椅車處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

···························································

8

8.5

斜面下端輪子制動，輪椅車處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

····················································

8

9

后傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測試

·················································································

9

9.1

一般要求

·························································································

9

9.2

輪子不制動，輪椅車處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

·························································

9

9.3

輪子制動，輪椅車處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

··························································

10

9.4

輪不制動，輪椅車處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

·····························································

11

9.5

輪制動，輪椅車處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

·······························································

11

10

側傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測定

···············································································

12

10.1

概述

···························································································

12

10.2

輪椅車處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

·····································································

12

Ⅰ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

10.3

輪椅車處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

········································································

15

11

靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測試——帶有向前或向后的防翻裝置

··················································

15

11.1

概述

···························································································

15

11.2

防翻裝置處于效果最差狀態(tài)

···································································

16

11.3

防翻裝置處于效果最好狀態(tài)

···································································

18

11.4

防翻裝置的效果測試

··········································································

18

12

檢驗報告

···························································································

19

13

信息發(fā)布

···························································································

20

附錄A（資料性）

阻止輪子或支撐桿滑動的裝置

···················································

21

Ⅱ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標準化工作導則第1部分：標準化文件的結構和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件是GB/T（Z）18029《輪椅車》的第1部分。GB/T（Z）18029已發(fā)布了以下部分：

—第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定；

—第2部分：電動輪椅車動態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定；

—第3部分：制動性能的測定；

—第4部分：電動輪椅車和電動代步車理論能耗的測定；

—第5部分：尺寸、質量和操作空間的測定；

—第6部分：電動輪椅車最大速度、加速度和減速度的測定；

—第7部分：座位和車輪尺寸的測量；

—第8部分：靜態(tài)強度、沖擊強度及疲勞強度的要求和測試方法；

—第9部分：電動輪椅車氣候試驗方法；

—第10部分：電動輪椅車越障能力的測定；

—第11部分：測試用假人；

—第13部分：測試表面摩擦系數(shù)的測定；

—第14部分：電動輪椅車和電動代步車動力和控制系統(tǒng)要求和測試方法；

—第15部分：信息發(fā)布、文件出具和標識的要求；

—第16部分：體位固定裝置的阻燃性；

—第19部分：可作機動車座位的輪式移動裝置；

—第21部分：電動輪椅車、電動代步車和電池充電器的電磁兼容性要求和測試方法；

—第22部分：調節(jié)程序；

—第25部分：電動輪椅車的電池和充電器；

—第26部分：術語；

—第28部分：爬樓梯器具的要求和測試方法；

—第30部分：改變乘坐者姿勢的輪椅車測試方法和要求。

本文件代替GB/T18029.1—2008《輪椅車第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定》，與GB/T18029.1—2008相

比，除結構調整和編輯性改動外，主要技術變化如下：

—將裝有防翻裝置輪椅車后傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測定及側傾穩(wěn)定性測試更改為帶有前向或后向防翻裝置

的測試（見第11章，2008年版的第11章）；

—增加了防翻裝置的效果測試（見11.4）。

本文件等同采用ISO7176?1：2014《輪椅車第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定》。

請注意本文件的某些內容可能涉及專利。本文件的發(fā)布機構不承擔識別專利的責任。

本文件由中華人民共和國民政部提出。

本文件由全國殘疾人康復和專用設備標準化技術委員會（SAC∕TC148）歸口。

本文件起草單位：國家康復輔具研究中心、國家康復輔具研究中心康復輔具質量監(jiān)督檢驗中心、

佛山市質量和標準化研究院、上海互邦智能康復設備股份有限公司、佛山市東方醫(yī)療設備廠有限公司、

佛山市奕康醫(yī)療科技有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：谷慧茹、吳賽男、張維康、閆偉、趙次舜、吳國輝、吳瑞萍、閆和平、

趙鍵榮。

本文件所代替文件的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為：

Ⅲ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

—2008年首次發(fā)布為GB/T18029.1—2008；

—本次為第一次修訂。

Ⅳ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

引言

GB/T（Z）18029《輪椅車》是確保輪椅車性能和質量并準確地將這些性能和質量提供給相關者的

標準。輪椅車的使用者希望知道產品的性能和質量，生產商希望知道產品如何達到好的質量，而測試機

構希望知道如果對產品進行檢驗。由于GB/T（Z）18029篇幅過長，且使用文件的各方一般只需要其

中的一些內容，且各部分的更新不會同步，故分部分編制，擬由24部分構成：

—第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定；

—第2部分：電動輪椅車動態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定；

—第3部分：制動性能的測定；

—第4部分：電動輪椅車和電動代步車理論能耗的測定；

—第5部分：尺寸、質量和操作空間的測定；

—第6部分：電動輪椅車最大速度、加速度和減速度的測定；

—第7部分：座位和車輪尺寸的測量；

—第8部分：靜態(tài)強度、沖擊強度及疲勞強度的要求和測試方法；

—第9部分：電動輪椅車氣候試驗方法；

—第10部分：電動輪椅車越障能力的測定；

—第11部分：測試用假人；

—第13部分：測試表面摩擦系數(shù)的測定；

—第14部分：電動輪椅車和電動代步車動力和控制系統(tǒng)要求和測試方法；

—第15部分：信息發(fā)布、文件出具和標識的要求；

—第16部分：體位固定裝置的阻燃性；

—第19部分：可作機動車座位的輪式移動裝置；

—第21部分：電動輪椅車、電動代步車和電池充電器的電磁兼容性要求和測試方法；

—第22部分：調節(jié)程序；

—第25部分：電動輪椅車的電池和充電器；

—第26部分：術語；

—第28部分：爬樓梯器具的要求和測試方法；

—第30部分：改變乘坐者姿勢的輪椅車測試方法和要求；

—第31部分：電動輪椅用鋰離子電池系統(tǒng)和充電器要求和試驗方法；

—第32部分：輪椅車小腳輪組件耐用性測試方法。

對選擇輪椅車和調節(jié)輪椅車而言，了解其靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性至關重要。一些乘坐者需要較好的穩(wěn)定性以確

保安全，而另一些乘坐者則寧愿選擇一輛平衡性較好的輪椅車以便有較好的操控靈敏性。另外，靜態(tài)穩(wěn)

定性僅是影響動態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的一個因素，其他因素是乘坐者在輪椅車中坐的位置、操作的熟練程度、推動

輪椅車的方式和輪椅車操作環(huán)境。

本文件描述了駐車制動器制動時（類似輪椅車停在斜坡上）的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測試。本文件也對駐車

制動器不制動時（類似輪椅車停在斜坡上，輪子抵在障礙物上、乘坐者傾斜身體取一個物體或行駛時的

不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)）的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性進行測試。本文件還對裝有前向、后向防翻裝置的輪椅車的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性及輪

椅車傾翻時防翻裝置的效果進行測試。

Ⅴ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

輪椅車

第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測定

1范圍

本文件描述了輪椅車靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測定的測試方法。

本文件適用于手動輪椅車和最大速度不大于15km/h、預期供質量在ISO7176?11測試用假人范圍

內的失能者（乘坐一人）室內和（或）室外移動用的電動輪椅車（包括電動代步車）。

對于主動控制穩(wěn)定的輪椅車，本文件只適用于其制動狀態(tài)。

本文件提供了測量傾翻角（包括輪椅車的傾翻角或防翻裝置的傾翻角），但此方法不適用于裝有側

向防翻裝置的輪椅車，也不考慮輪椅車在地面上的滑動。

本文件還包括了檢驗報告和信息發(fā)布的要求。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內容通過文中的規(guī)范性引用而構成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對應的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

ISO7176?