GB/T 18029.1-2024輪椅車(chē)第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定

ICS

11.180.10

CCS

Y14

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

代替GB/T18029.1—2008

輪椅車(chē)

第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定

Wheelchairs—Part1:Determinationofstaticstability

（ISO7176-1:2014，IDT）

2024-06-29發(fā)布2024-10-01實(shí)施

國(guó)家市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理總局發(fā)布

國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化管理委員會(huì)

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

目次

前言

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Ⅲ

引言

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Ⅴ

1

范圍

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1

2

規(guī)范性引用文件

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1

3

術(shù)語(yǔ)和定義

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1

4

原理

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2

4.1

靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性

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2

4.2

防翻裝置的作用

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4

5

設(shè)施

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4

5.1

測(cè)試平臺(tái)

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4

5.2

調(diào)節(jié)測(cè)試平臺(tái)斜面角度的裝置

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4

5.3

滾動(dòng)約束裝置

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4

5.4

滑動(dòng)約束裝置

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4

5.5

傾翻限位裝置

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4

5.6

角度測(cè)量裝置

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4

5.7

測(cè)試用假人

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4

5.8

假人固定裝置

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5

6

設(shè)置程序

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5

7

基本測(cè)試方法

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5

8

前傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)試

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5

8.1

一般要求

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5

8.2

輪子不制動(dòng)、輪椅車(chē)處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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6

8.3

斜面下端輪子制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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7

8.4

輪子不制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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8

8.5

斜面下端輪子制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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8

9

后傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)試

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9

9.1

一般要求

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9

9.2

輪子不制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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9

9.3

輪子制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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10

9.4

輪不制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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11

9.5

輪制動(dòng)，輪椅車(chē)處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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11

10

側(cè)傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)定

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12

10.1

概述

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12

10.2

輪椅車(chē)處于最不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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12

Ⅰ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

10.3

輪椅車(chē)處于最穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)

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15

11

靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)試——帶有向前或向后的防翻裝置

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15

11.1

概述

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15

11.2

防翻裝置處于效果最差狀態(tài)

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16

11.3

防翻裝置處于效果最好狀態(tài)

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18

11.4

防翻裝置的效果測(cè)試

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18

12

檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告

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19

13

信息發(fā)布

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20

附錄A（資料性）

阻止輪子或支撐桿滑動(dòng)的裝置

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21

Ⅱ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

前言

本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工作導(dǎo)則第1部分：標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化文件的結(jié)構(gòu)和起草規(guī)則》的規(guī)

定起草。

本文件是GB/T（Z）18029《輪椅車(chē)》的第1部分。GB/T（Z）18029已發(fā)布了以下部分：

—第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定；

—第2部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)動(dòng)態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定；

—第3部分：制動(dòng)性能的測(cè)定；

—第4部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)和電動(dòng)代步車(chē)?yán)碚撃芎牡臏y(cè)定；

—第5部分：尺寸、質(zhì)量和操作空間的測(cè)定；

—第6部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)最大速度、加速度和減速度的測(cè)定；

—第7部分：座位和車(chē)輪尺寸的測(cè)量；

—第8部分：靜態(tài)強(qiáng)度、沖擊強(qiáng)度及疲勞強(qiáng)度的要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第9部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)氣候試驗(yàn)方法；

—第10部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)越障能力的測(cè)定；

—第11部分：測(cè)試用假人；

—第13部分：測(cè)試表面摩擦系數(shù)的測(cè)定；

—第14部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)和電動(dòng)代步車(chē)動(dòng)力和控制系統(tǒng)要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第15部分：信息發(fā)布、文件出具和標(biāo)識(shí)的要求；

—第16部分：體位固定裝置的阻燃性；

—第19部分：可作機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)座位的輪式移動(dòng)裝置；

—第21部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)、電動(dòng)代步車(chē)和電池充電器的電磁兼容性要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第22部分：調(diào)節(jié)程序；

—第25部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)的電池和充電器；

—第26部分：術(shù)語(yǔ)；

—第28部分：爬樓梯器具的要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第30部分：改變乘坐者姿勢(shì)的輪椅車(chē)測(cè)試方法和要求。

本文件代替GB/T18029.1—2008《輪椅車(chē)第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定》，與GB/T18029.1—2008相

比，除結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和編輯性改動(dòng)外，主要技術(shù)變化如下：

—將裝有防翻裝置輪椅車(chē)后傾靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)定及側(cè)傾穩(wěn)定性測(cè)試更改為帶有前向或后向防翻裝置

的測(cè)試（見(jiàn)第11章，2008年版的第11章）；

—增加了防翻裝置的效果測(cè)試（見(jiàn)11.4）。

本文件等同采用ISO7176?1：2014《輪椅車(chē)第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定》。

請(qǐng)注意本文件的某些內(nèi)容可能涉及專(zhuān)利。本文件的發(fā)布機(jī)構(gòu)不承擔(dān)識(shí)別專(zhuān)利的責(zé)任。

本文件由中華人民共和國(guó)民政部提出。

本文件由全國(guó)殘疾人康復(fù)和專(zhuān)用設(shè)備標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化技術(shù)委員會(huì)（SAC∕TC148）歸口。

本文件起草單位：國(guó)家康復(fù)輔具研究中心、國(guó)家康復(fù)輔具研究中心康復(fù)輔具質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗(yàn)中心、

佛山市質(zhì)量和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化研究院、上?；グ钪悄芸祻?fù)設(shè)備股份有限公司、佛山市東方醫(yī)療設(shè)備廠(chǎng)有限公司、

佛山市奕康醫(yī)療科技有限公司。

本文件主要起草人：谷慧茹、吳賽男、張維康、閆偉、趙次舜、吳國(guó)輝、吳瑞萍、閆和平、

趙鍵榮。

本文件所代替文件的歷次版本發(fā)布情況為：

Ⅲ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

—2008年首次發(fā)布為GB/T18029.1—2008；

—本次為第一次修訂。

Ⅳ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

引言

GB/T（Z）18029《輪椅車(chē)》是確保輪椅車(chē)性能和質(zhì)量并準(zhǔn)確地將這些性能和質(zhì)量提供給相關(guān)者的

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。輪椅車(chē)的使用者希望知道產(chǎn)品的性能和質(zhì)量，生產(chǎn)商希望知道產(chǎn)品如何達(dá)到好的質(zhì)量，而測(cè)試機(jī)

構(gòu)希望知道如果對(duì)產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)。由于GB/T（Z）18029篇幅過(guò)長(zhǎng)，且使用文件的各方一般只需要其

中的一些內(nèi)容，且各部分的更新不會(huì)同步，故分部分編制，擬由24部分構(gòu)成：

—第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定；

—第2部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)動(dòng)態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定；

—第3部分：制動(dòng)性能的測(cè)定；

—第4部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)和電動(dòng)代步車(chē)?yán)碚撃芎牡臏y(cè)定；

—第5部分：尺寸、質(zhì)量和操作空間的測(cè)定；

—第6部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)最大速度、加速度和減速度的測(cè)定；

—第7部分：座位和車(chē)輪尺寸的測(cè)量；

—第8部分：靜態(tài)強(qiáng)度、沖擊強(qiáng)度及疲勞強(qiáng)度的要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第9部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)氣候試驗(yàn)方法；

—第10部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)越障能力的測(cè)定；

—第11部分：測(cè)試用假人；

—第13部分：測(cè)試表面摩擦系數(shù)的測(cè)定；

—第14部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)和電動(dòng)代步車(chē)動(dòng)力和控制系統(tǒng)要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第15部分：信息發(fā)布、文件出具和標(biāo)識(shí)的要求；

—第16部分：體位固定裝置的阻燃性；

—第19部分：可作機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)座位的輪式移動(dòng)裝置；

—第21部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)、電動(dòng)代步車(chē)和電池充電器的電磁兼容性要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第22部分：調(diào)節(jié)程序；

—第25部分：電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)的電池和充電器；

—第26部分：術(shù)語(yǔ)；

—第28部分：爬樓梯器具的要求和測(cè)試方法；

—第30部分：改變乘坐者姿勢(shì)的輪椅車(chē)測(cè)試方法和要求；

—第31部分：電動(dòng)輪椅用鋰離子電池系統(tǒng)和充電器要求和試驗(yàn)方法；

—第32部分：輪椅車(chē)小腳輪組件耐用性測(cè)試方法。

對(duì)選擇輪椅車(chē)和調(diào)節(jié)輪椅車(chē)而言，了解其靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性至關(guān)重要。一些乘坐者需要較好的穩(wěn)定性以確

保安全，而另一些乘坐者則寧愿選擇一輛平衡性較好的輪椅車(chē)以便有較好的操控靈敏性。另外，靜態(tài)穩(wěn)

定性?xún)H是影響動(dòng)態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的一個(gè)因素，其他因素是乘坐者在輪椅車(chē)中坐的位置、操作的熟練程度、推動(dòng)

輪椅車(chē)的方式和輪椅車(chē)操作環(huán)境。

本文件描述了駐車(chē)制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)時(shí)（類(lèi)似輪椅車(chē)停在斜坡上）的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)試。本文件也對(duì)駐車(chē)

制動(dòng)器不制動(dòng)時(shí)（類(lèi)似輪椅車(chē)停在斜坡上，輪子抵在障礙物上、乘坐者傾斜身體取一個(gè)物體或行駛時(shí)的

不穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)）的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行測(cè)試。本文件還對(duì)裝有前向、后向防翻裝置的輪椅車(chē)的靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性及輪

椅車(chē)傾翻時(shí)防翻裝置的效果進(jìn)行測(cè)試。

Ⅴ

GB/T18029.1—2024/ISO7176?1：2014

輪椅車(chē)

第1部分：靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性的測(cè)定

1范圍

本文件描述了輪椅車(chē)靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定性測(cè)定的測(cè)試方法。

本文件適用于手動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)和最大速度不大于15km/h、預(yù)期供質(zhì)量在ISO7176?11測(cè)試用假人范圍

內(nèi)的失能者（乘坐一人）室內(nèi)和（或）室外移動(dòng)用的電動(dòng)輪椅車(chē)（包括電動(dòng)代步車(chē)）。

對(duì)于主動(dòng)控制穩(wěn)定的輪椅車(chē)，本文件只適用于其制動(dòng)狀態(tài)。

本文件提供了測(cè)量?jī)A翻角（包括輪椅車(chē)的傾翻角或防翻裝置的傾翻角），但此方法不適用于裝有側(cè)

向防翻裝置的輪椅車(chē)，也不考慮輪椅車(chē)在地面上的滑動(dòng)。

本文件還包括了檢驗(yàn)報(bào)告和信息發(fā)布的要求。

2規(guī)范性引用文件

下列文件中的內(nèi)容通過(guò)文中的規(guī)范性引用而構(gòu)成本文件必不可少的條款。其中，注日期的引用文

件，僅該日期對(duì)應(yīng)的版本適用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改單）適用

于本文件。

ISO7176?