英語(yǔ)(一)自考題模擬18-真題(含答案與解析)

英語(yǔ)（一）自考題模擬18

（總分100,做題時(shí)間90分鐘）

第一部分：閱讀判斷

下面的短文后列出了10個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子作出判斷：如

果該句提供的是正確信息，選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，選擇B；如

果該句的信息文中沒(méi)有提及，選擇C。

StudentsandTechnologyintheClassroom

Ilovemyblackberry一it〃smylittleconnectiontothelargerworld

thatcangoanywherewithme.Ialsolovemy**puter,asitholdsall

ofmywritingandthoughts.Despitethisloveoftechnology,Iknow

thattherearetimeswhenIneedtomoveawayfromthesedevices（設(shè)

備）and**municatewithothers.

Onoccasion,IteachacoursecalledHistoryMattersforagroupof

highereducationmanagers.Mygoalsfortheclassincludeafull

discussionofhistoricalthemesandideas.BecauseIwantstudentsto

thoroughlystudythematerialandexchangetheirideaswitheach

otherintheclassroom,Ihavearule-nolaptops,iPads,cell

phones,etc.Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass,

someofthemwerenothappy.

Moststudentsassumethatmyreasonsforthisruleincludeunpleasant

experiencesinthepastwithstudentsmisusingtechnology.There'sa

bitoftruthtothat.SomestudentsassumethatIamanti-technology.

There'snotruthinthatatall.Ilovetechnologyandtrytokeepup

withitsoIcanrelatetomystudents.

TherealreasonwhyIaskstudentstoleavetechnologyatthedooris

thatIthinkthereareveryfewplacesinwhichwecanhavedeep

conversationsandtruly**plexideas.Interruptionsbytechnology

oftenbreakconcentrationandallowfortoomuchdependenceon

outsideinformationforideas.Iwantstudentstodigdeepwithin

themselvesforinspirationandideas.Iwantthemtopusheachother

tothinkdifferentlyandmakeconnectionsbetweenthecourse

materialsandtheclassdiscussion.

I〃vebeenteachingmyhistoryclassinthiswayformanyyearsand

theevaluationsreflectstudentsatisfactionwiththeenvironment

thatIcreate.Studentsrealizethatwithdeepconversationand

challenge,theylearntokeepthecoursematerialbeyondthe

classroom.

I〃mnotsayingthatIwon'teverchangemymindabouttechnologyuse

inmyhistoryclass,butuntilIhearareallygoodreasonforthe

change,I〃mstickingtomyplan.Afewhoursoftechnology-free

dialogueisjusttoosweettogiveup.

ISSSSINGLESEL

1.

Theauthorlovesthetechnologicalproductssuchasblackberryand

laptop.

「ATrue

「BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］事實(shí)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者是否喜歡藍(lán)莓手機(jī)、筆記本電腦等高科技產(chǎn)品。文章

第一段講到作者“l(fā)ovemyblackberry和“Ialsolovemy**puter”,所

以題干表述是正確的。

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

2.

Face-to-**municationwithothersisbetterthan**wunicationthrough

thosedigitaldevices.

「ATrue

JBFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:C

［考點(diǎn)］事實(shí)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷與人面對(duì)面交流是否比通過(guò)電子設(shè)備進(jìn)行交流要好。文中

第一段提到了盡管作者喜愛(ài)科技，但是“Iknowthattherearetimeswhen

Ineedtomoveawayfromthesedevicesand**municatewithothersv,

意思是“我知道有時(shí)我需要遠(yuǎn)離這些科技設(shè)備和他人真正地交流”，但是沒(méi)有

明確提到面對(duì)面的交流就比通過(guò)科技設(shè)備進(jìn)行交流要好，所以無(wú)法判斷題干中

的信息是否正確。________

ISSS_SINGLE_SEI

3.

Intheauthor'sclass,thestudentsareallowedtotakelaptops,

iPads,cellphones,etc.iftheyneedthem.

「ATrue

(BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:B

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷在作者的課上學(xué)生在需要的時(shí)候是否被允許攜帶筆記本電

腦、iPad、手機(jī)等。文中第二段第三句"Ihavearule-nolaptops,ipads,

cellphones,etc.v,意思是“我有一個(gè)規(guī)定---不能帶筆記本電腦、iPad

和手機(jī)上課”，這和題干表述正好相反,所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。

|SSS_SINGLE_SEI

4.

Mostofthestudentsaredissatisfiedandunhappyabout-hisrulesin

theclass.

「ATrue

'BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:B

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)判斷

［解箱］題干要求判斷大部分學(xué)生是否對(duì)這項(xiàng)規(guī)定不滿意和不喜歡。第二段最后

一句話提至“Whenstudentsweretoldmyruleinadvanceoftheclass,

someofthemwerenothappy”，里面的關(guān)鍵信息是"someofthem”，并不

是“mostofthem"，所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。

ISSSSINGLESEL

5.

Studentsthinkthereasonsfortherulearethattheauthorhassome

unhappyexperiencesinthepastandheisanti-technology.

「ATrue

（BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］事實(shí)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷學(xué)生是否認(rèn)為制定這項(xiàng)規(guī)定的原因是因?yàn)樽髡咭郧坝羞^(guò)不

愉快的經(jīng)歷，而且他反對(duì)科技。文中第三段講到了學(xué)生對(duì)作者這項(xiàng)規(guī)定的反

應(yīng)，“Moststudentsassumethatmyreasonsforthisruleinclude

unpleasantexperiencesinthepastwithstudentsmisusing

technologyvuSomestudentsassumethatIamanti-technology,,）這

些都是學(xué)生自己的想法，并非真正的原因。所以題干表述是正確的。

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

6.

Theauthorisnotanti-technologyandinfactlovestechnologyvery

much.

「ATrue

「BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者是否不反對(duì)科技并且很喜愛(ài)科技。文中第三段最后一

句提到“Ilovetechnologyandtrytokeepupwithit"，意思是“我喜

愛(ài)科技并且努力與它保持同步”，所以題干表述是正確的。

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

7.

Theauthorthinkscellphonesofteninterruptourconcentration

becauseitoftenrings.

「ATrue

3BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案：C

評(píng)點(diǎn)］事實(shí)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者是否認(rèn)為手機(jī)經(jīng)常響從而打斷了我們的注意力。文中

第四段提到了^Interruptionsbytechnologyoftenbreak

concentration",意思是“科技的打擾經(jīng)常打斷我們的注意力”，但是沒(méi)有指

出是不是由于手機(jī)經(jīng)常響，所以無(wú)法判斷題干表述是否正確。

ISSSSINGLESEL

8.

Theteachingexperiencesreflectthatstudentsarenotsosatisfied

withtheenvironmenthecreates.

「ATrue

「BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:B

［考點(diǎn)］事實(shí)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者的教學(xué)經(jīng)歷是否反映出學(xué)生對(duì)他創(chuàng)造的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境不滿

意。文中第五段第一句話講到了作者用這種方式教學(xué)已經(jīng)有很多年了，而且

“theevaluationsreflectstudentsatisfactionwiththeenvironment

thatIcreate”,可見(jiàn)學(xué)生對(duì)這種環(huán)境是滿意的,所以題干表述是錯(cuò)誤的。

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

9.

Theauthorsaidthathewouldneverallowhisstudentstotake

technologicalproductstohisclass.

「ATrue

「BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:B

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者是否說(shuō)過(guò)他將永遠(yuǎn)不允許學(xué)生攜帶科技產(chǎn)品上課。文

中最后一段提到了作者今后的打算，但是具體的細(xì)節(jié)是“untilIheara

reallygoodreasonforthechange,I〃mstickingtomyplan”,意思是

如果有充分理由的話，作者還是會(huì)允許學(xué)生帶科技產(chǎn)品上課的。所以題干表述

是錯(cuò)誤的。___________

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

10.

Theauthorthinksthemodernlifeissodependentonthetechnology

andsometechnology-freemomentsareverysweetandprecious.

「ATrue

「BFalse

「CNotGiven

分值：1

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)判斷

［解析］題干要求判斷作者是否認(rèn)為現(xiàn)代生活過(guò)于依賴科技，遠(yuǎn)離科技的片刻時(shí)

光是否顯得非常溫馨和寶貴。整篇文章都提到了作者對(duì)現(xiàn)代科技產(chǎn)品的看法，

雖然很喜愛(ài)，但是它還是影響了人們之間的交流。從最后一段最后一句話“A

fewhoursoftechnology-freedialogueisjusttoosweettogiveup.”

也可以看出來(lái)，作者還是希望可以有面對(duì)面交流的機(jī)會(huì)的。所以題干表述是正

確的。

第二部分：閱讀選擇

閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)從短文后各題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C、D）中選出1個(gè)最佳

選項(xiàng)。

Sexprejudicesarebasedonandjustifiedbytheideologythat

biologyisdestiny.Accordingtothisideology,basicbiologicaland

psychologicaldifferencesexistbetweenthesexes.Thesedifferences

requireeachsextoplayaseparateroleinsociallife.Womenare

theweakersex一bothphysicallyandemotionally.Thus,theyare

naturallysuitedmuchmoresothanmen,totheperformanceof

domesticduties.Awoman^splace,undernormalcircumstances,is

withintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.Naturehasdetermined

thatwomenplaycare-takerroles,suchaswifeandmotherand

homemaker.Ontheotherhandmenarebestsuitedtogooutinto

**petitiveworldofworkandpolitics,whereseriousresponsibilities

mustbetakenon.Menaretobetheproviders;womenandchildrenare

“dependents”.

Theideologyalsoholdsthatwomenwhowishtoworkoutsidethe

householdshouldnaturallyfillthesejobsthatareinlinewiththe

specialcapabilitiesoftheirsex.Itisthusappropriateforwomen,

notmen,tobeemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschool

teachers,householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.These

positionsaresimplyanextensionofwomerTsdomesticrole.Informal

distinctionsbetween〃women〃swork"and〃men〃swork"inthelabor

force,accordingtotheideology,aresimplyafunctionalreflection

ofthebasicdifferencesbetweenthesexes.

Finally,theideologysuggeststhatnaturehasworkedherwillin

anothersignificantway.Forthehumanspeciestosurviveovertime,

itsmembersmustregularlyreproduce.Thus,womenmust,whetherat

homeorinthelaborforce,makethemostoftheirphysical

appearance.Sogoestheideology.Itis,ofcourse,nottruethat

basicbiologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexes

requireeachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife.Thereisample

evidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoserole

differencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned.

Butpeopleactuallybelievethatbiologyisdestinyandthatnature

isintendedformenandwomentomakedifferentcontributionsto

society,sex-definedroleswillbeseenastotallyacceptable.

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

1.

Women'splace,somepeoplethink,istheprotectiveenvironmentof

thehomebecause.

Awomencanprovidebettercareforthechildren

Bwomenaretooweaktodoanyagriculturalworkatall

Cwomenarebiologicallysuitedtodomesticjobs

Dwomencan**petewithmeninanyfield

分值：2

答案:C

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)題

［解析］根據(jù)文章第一段“Womenaretheweakersex—bothphysicallyand

emotionally.Thus,theyarenaturallysuitedmuchmoresothanmen,

totheperformanceofdomesticduties.Awomanz，splace,undernormal

circumstances,iswithintheprotectiveenvironmentofthehome.“意

思是由于婦女在生理上和心理上都較男性弱，因此她們比男性更適合做家務(wù)。

通常在這樣的情況下，家庭這個(gè)具有保護(hù)性的環(huán)境就成了婦女的活動(dòng)空間。因

此選項(xiàng)C正確。___________

|SSS_SINGLE_SEL

2.

Accordingtotheauthor,sexroles.

「Aaresoci?allydetermined

Bareemotionallyandphysicallydetermined

Ccanonlybedeterminedbywhateducationpeopletake

Darebiologicallyandpsychologicallydetermined

分值：2

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)題

［解析］根據(jù)文章第三段“Itis,ofcourse,nottruethatbasic

biologicalandpsychologicaldifferencesbetweenthesexesrequire

eachtoplaysex-definedrolesinsociallife.Thereisample

evidencethatsexrolesvaryfromsocietytosociety,andthoserole

differencesthatdoexistarelargelylearned.意思是不是兩性間最基

本的生理和心理差別要求各自在社會(huì)生活中扮演不同的角色，有充足的證據(jù)表

明性別角色在每個(gè)社會(huì)都是不同的，性別角色的不同很大程度上是后天習(xí)得

的。由此我們可以看出性別角色是由人的社會(huì)性決定的,因此選項(xiàng)A正確。

ISSSSINGLESEL

3.

Theauthorpointsoutthattheassignmentsofwomen'srolesinwork

Aaredeterminedbywhattheyarebettersuitedto

Bgrowoutoftheirpositioninsidethehome

'Creflectabasicdifferencebetweenmenandwomen

Daresuitabletothem,butnottomen

分值：2

答案:B

［考點(diǎn)］細(xì)節(jié)題

［解析］文章第二段中說(shuō)“Itisthusappropriateforwomen,notmen,to

beemployedasnurses,socialworkers,elementaryschoolteachers,

householdhelpers,andclerksandsecretaries.Thesepositionsare

simplyanextensionofwomen/zsdomesticrole.v意思是婦女受雇做護(hù)士、

社會(huì)工作者、小學(xué)教師和秘書(shū)等工作，而這些工作不過(guò)是婦女家庭角色的延

伸。選項(xiàng)B說(shuō)的也正是這個(gè)意思。

ISSSSINGLESEL

4.

Theauthorwillprobablyagreewith.

Acertainsociologists^predictionthatwomenarepickingup

moreresponsibilityinthedecadestocome

Bhistorian'sgeneraldenialofwomerTscontributiontowards

humanthoughts

CNietzsche〃scontemplationaboutdifferencebetweensexes

Dentrepreneursfavoringparticularsexwhenhiringemployees

分值：2

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］推斷題

［解善］從全文來(lái)看，作者可能會(huì)同意一些社會(huì)學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)婦女將在未來(lái)社會(huì)承擔(dān)

重要責(zé)任的看法。B項(xiàng)在文中未提到，C項(xiàng)尼采的觀點(diǎn)更是這個(gè)問(wèn)題上的眾矢之

的，只有A項(xiàng)符合文意，因此答案是A。

ISSS_SINGLE_SEL

5.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

AThedivisionofsex-definedrolesiscompletelyunacceptable.

BWomen'srolesinworkaretoolimitedatpresent.

「CInonesociety,menmightperformwhatisconsideredwomen'〃s

dutiesbyanother.

DSomeofthewomen'srolesindomesticdutiescannotbetaken

overbymen.

分值：2

答案:A

［考點(diǎn)］推斷題

［解析］文章最后作者說(shuō)，人們相信“natureintendedformenandwomento

makedifferentcontributionstosociety,sex-definedroleswillbe

seenastotallyacceptable.”既然造物主要求男人和女人分別對(duì)社會(huì)作出不

同的貢獻(xiàn)，那么性別角色也就是完全可以接受的了。因此選項(xiàng)A“按性別確定

的角色的劃分是完全不能接受的”符合題意，為正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)B、C、D的內(nèi)

容都在文章中出現(xiàn)過(guò)或暗示過(guò)，符合文章的意思，對(duì)本題來(lái)說(shuō)不構(gòu)成正確選

項(xiàng)。

第三部分：概括段落大意和補(bǔ)全句子

閱讀下面短文，請(qǐng)完成短文后的2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）從題后所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

為第①?⑤段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）從題后所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇5

個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。

TelevisionShows

（DEuropeantelevisionhadtheideaoftakingordinarypeopleand

turningtheminto"stars“byputtingtheminunusualsituation."Big

Brother”（createdinHolland）wasoneofthefirst.Agroupofpeople

werelockedinasmallhousewithcamerasrunning24hoursaday.It

wascalledaz/watchanddial"showbecauseviewersvotebytelephone

todecidewhoshouldleaveorstay.

②〃BigBrother"wasprobablythefirstofthenewrealityshows,but

suchaprogrammehasdeveloped.Manyhavefoundappealbyhavinga

themetothem,butmostarebasedontheprincipleof"survivalof

thefittest"byeliminatingparticipantsastheseriesprogresses.So

wehavethedatingshowswherewinnerseitherpairofforstaytrue

totheirpartnersoutsidetheTVstudio.Thentherearethosethat

testpeople'sabilitiesforspecificjobslikerunningakitchen,

becominganinteriordesigneroratopmodel.

③Criticssaytheseprogrammesarebasicallybadtelevision,but

peoplewatchthem.Sowhyaretheresomanyofthem?Fortheviewer

it〃sanopportunityto"peoplewatch”.It〃snaturaltolikewatching

otherpeople.They'reinteresting.Wecanimaginewhatwewoulddoin

thatsituation.Wegettoknowthecharactersandseethemgrowand

developweekafterweek.Andofcourse,televisionistheperfect

placetowatchpeople.Likethetheatreorcinemawecanlookat

otherpeopleandtheycan〃tlookback.Butwithtelevision,wecan

watchintheprivacyofourownhomes.Wewatch,butwedon'thaveto

admitittoanyone.

(4)TheTVcompanieslikerealityshowsbecausetheyarecheapto

produceandattractyoungerviewers,whichadvertiserslike.Thelast

〃BigBrother"inBritainattractedenormousadvertisingrevenue.They

aren,tdependenton"star"actorswithenormoussalaries.Andyour

actorswon'tgoonstrike.Andwhydopeopleparticipateinthem?

Well,forfameandmoneyofcourse.Inthepast,appearingon

televisionwasn'tforordinarypeople.Youhadtobegoodat

something,likesport,orreadingthenews,oracting.Butnotany

more.

⑤Itseemsthatmostshowsdowellatthebeginningbutthenthe

viewingfiguresbegintofall.Anditvariesfromcountrytocountry

too.Forexample,oneshowhadanadoptedchildtrytoguessthe

identityofherrealfather,andanotherhadafamilyarguingoveran

inheritance.Bothwerecancelledafteroneepisode.Perhapsthe

noveltyhaswornoff.Certainly,realityTVseemstoappealmuchmore

totheyoungeraudience.Andnowtherearesomanyshowsaroundeven

theyounghavebecomemorecritical.Realityshowwillprobably

survive一it〃sjustnolongersoeasytomakeasuccessfulone.

ISSS_FILL

1.

Paragraph①

A.Introductiontonewrealityshows

B.Definitionofz/watchanddial"show

C.Attractionsforproducersandparticipants

D.Critics”**ments

E.Audience'sreactiontorealityTV

F.Currentsituationandfutureofrealityshows

IZJIF

分值：1

B［考點(diǎn)］段落大意綜合概括

［解析］第一段的中心句為第一句，即歐洲的電視真人秀節(jié)目通過(guò)把普通人置于

特殊環(huán)境中而使他們成為“明星”，并舉了“watchanddial”這個(gè)節(jié)目為

例。_____________________

ISSS^FILL

2.

Paragraph②

分值：1

A［考點(diǎn)］段落大意綜合概括

［解析］第二段中心句為第一句，即“BigBrother”是新真人秀節(jié)目的首創(chuàng)

者，但此類節(jié)目已經(jīng)被大大發(fā)展了。作者還介紹了真人秀的一些新的內(nèi)容，選

項(xiàng)A符合本段語(yǔ)意。

SSS_FILL

3.

Paragraph③—

分值：1

E［考點(diǎn)］段落大意綜合概括

［解析］第三段寫了觀眾喜歡看這類節(jié)目的原因，換句話說(shuō)，即觀眾對(duì)真人秀節(jié)

目的反應(yīng)。因此選項(xiàng)E符合文意。

SSS_FILL

4.

Paragraph④.

1

分值：1

C［考點(diǎn)］段落大意綜合概括

［解析］第四段中作者分別解釋了電視臺(tái)和參與表演者喜歡這類節(jié)目的原因。選

項(xiàng)C符合此意。

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5.

Paragraph⑤

分值:1

F［考點(diǎn)］段落大意綜合概括

［解析］第五段第一句是對(duì)真人秀類節(jié)目現(xiàn)狀的概括，最后一句是對(duì)其未來(lái)的預(yù)

測(cè)。選項(xiàng)F符合此意。

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6.

Somepeoplewerelockedinasmallhousewithcamerasbeingon

A.begintofall

B.theirlowcostsandlargenumberofyoungerviewers

C.aspecifictimeinourlives

D.withoutothers"knowing

E.alldaylongwithoutbreak

F.bemoreattractive

Z3

分值：i

E［考點(diǎn)］同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

［解析］第一段第三句"...withcamerasrunning24hoursaday(24小時(shí)不

D［考點(diǎn)］同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

［解析］這道題考查對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的理解。在原文第三段最后兩句作者提到，在家

中看電視可以擁有私密空間，即使觀看了，也無(wú)須讓別人知道。選項(xiàng)D符合此

B［考點(diǎn)］同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

［解析］根據(jù)第四段第一句"...becausetheyarecheaptoproduceand

attractyoungerviewers,whichadvertiserslike”可得出本題答案。

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9.

Agreatmanyshowshasagoodbeginningbutthentheviewingfigures

ZJIT

分值:1

A［考點(diǎn)］同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

［解析］第五段第一句”...mostshowsdowellatthebeginningbutthen

theviewingfiguresbegintofall”給出了相關(guān)信息。

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10.

Totheyoungerviewers,realityTVseemsto.

ZjIF

分值：1

F［考點(diǎn)］同義句轉(zhuǎn)換

［解析］第五段倒數(shù)第三句提到“???realityTVseemstoappealmuchmore

totheyoungeraudience”（真人秀類節(jié)目更能吸引年輕觀眾）。選項(xiàng)A符合此

意O

親四部分：填句補(bǔ)文

下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文

內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

KeeperoftheSpring

Theoldgentlemanhadbeenhiredmanyyearsearlierbyayoungtown

councilmantoclearawaythedebrisfromthepoolsofwaterupinthe

mountaincrevicesthatfedthelovelyspringflowingthroughtheir

town.Withfaithful,silentregularity,hepatrolledthehills,

removedtheleavesandbranches,andwipedawaythesiltthatwould

otherwisehavechokedandcontaminatedthefreshflowofwater.

1Gracefulswansfloatedalongthecrystalclearspring,themill

wheelsofvariousbusinesseslocatednearthewaterturneddayand

night,farmlandswerenaturallyirrigated,andtheviewsfrom

restaurantswerepicturesquebeyonddescription.

Yearspassed.2Astheyreviewedthebudget,oneman〃seyecaughtthe

salarybeingpaidtotheobscurekeeperofthespring.Saidthe

keeperofthepurse,“Whoistheoldman?Whydowekeephimonyear

afteryear?Nooneeverseeshim.Forallweknow;thestrangeranger

ofthehillsisdoingusnogood.Heisn'tnecessaryanylonger./z3

Forseveralweeks,nothingchanged.

Byearlyautumn,thetreesbegantoshedtheirleaves.Smallbranches

snappedoffandfellintothepools,hinderingtherushingflowof

sparklingwater.Oneafternoonsomeonenoticedaslightyellowish-

browntintinthespring.4Withinanotherweek,aslimyfilmcovered

sectionsofthewateralongthebanks,andafoulodorwassoon

detected.Themillwheelsmovedmoreslowly,somefinallygroundtoa

halt.Swansleft,asdidthetourists.5

A.Afewdayslater,thewaterwasmuchdarker.

B.Oneeveningthetowncouncilmetforitssemiannualmeeting.

C.Neverbecomediscouragedwiththeseemingsmallnessofyourtask,

job,orlife.

D.Thevillagesoonbecameapopularattractionforvacationers.

E.Clammyfingersofdiseaseandsicknessreacheddeeplyintothe

village.

分值：2

D［考點(diǎn)］舉例說(shuō)明

［解析］本段寫了由于老人盡心盡責(zé)的努力，小鎮(zhèn)風(fēng)光迤遮，很多人都喜歡這

里。因此應(yīng)填入表示風(fēng)光秀麗或人們喜愛(ài)這里的句子。

B［考點(diǎn)］時(shí)間關(guān)系

［解析］通讀全段可知，小鎮(zhèn)舉行了一次會(huì)議。本空應(yīng)填入表示會(huì)議開(kāi)始的句

F［考點(diǎn)］時(shí)間關(guān)系

［解析］本空應(yīng)填入表示會(huì)議結(jié)束或事件結(jié)果的句子，即會(huì)議一致通過(guò)，解雇了

A［考點(diǎn)］前后一致

［解析］本段講述了老人離開(kāi)以后小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生的變化。變化是從可以看到的環(huán)境開(kāi)

分值：2

E［考點(diǎn)］舉例說(shuō)明

［解析］由于環(huán)境的不斷惡化最終導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重后果。因此本空應(yīng)填入表示嚴(yán)重后

果的句子，即疾病開(kāi)始蔓延。

第五部分：填詞補(bǔ)文

下面的短文有10處空白，短文后列出12個(gè)詞，其中10個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)

短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

Asisknowntoall,theorganizationandmanagementofwagesand

salariesare**plex.Generallyspeaking,theAccountsDepartmentis1

forcalculationsofpay,whilethePersonnelDepartmentisinterested

indiscussionswiththeemployeesaboutpay.

Ifafirmwantsto2anewwageandsalarystructure,itisessential

thatthefirmshoulddecideona3ofjobevaluationandwaysof

measuringtheperformanceofitsemployees.Inordertobe4,that

newpaystructurewillneedagreementbetweenTradeUnionsand

employers.Injobevaluation,alloftherequirementsofeachjobare

definedinadetailedjobdescription.Eachofthoserequirementsis

givenavalue,usuallyin"points”,whichare5togethertogivea

totalvalueforthejob.Formiddleandhighermanagement,aspecial

methodisusedtoevaluatemanagersontheirknowledgeofthejob,

theirresponsibility,andtheir6tosolveproblems.Becauseofthe

difficulty,inmeasuringmanagementwork,however,jobgradesfor

managersareoftendecidedwithout7toanevaluationsystembasedon

points.

Inattemptingtodesignapaysystem,thePersonnelDepartmentshould

8thevalueofeachjobwiththoseinthejobmarket.9,paymentfor

ajobshouldvarywithanydifferencesinthewaythatthejobis

performed.Whereitissimpletomeasuretheworkdone,asinthe

worksdonewithhands,monetaryencouragementschemesareoften

chosen,butfor10workers,wheremeasurementisdifficult,methods

ofadditionalpaymentsareemployed.

A.compareB.responsibleC.usefulD.added

E.findF.referenceG.indirectH.method

I.successfulJ.NecessarilyK.abilityL.adopt

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分值：1.5

B［考點(diǎn)］形容詞

［解析］原文意思為“會(huì)計(jì)部門……計(jì)算報(bào)酬”，選項(xiàng)中的形容詞responsible

意思是“負(fù)責(zé)任的"，useful意思是“有用的"，indirect意思是“間接

的"，successful意思是“成功的"，其中indirect不能與for連用,排

除；剩余幾項(xiàng)中只有responsible意思符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。

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<1I

分值：L5

L［考點(diǎn)］動(dòng)詞

［解析］本文主題就是采用一種新的工資和薪水制度時(shí)需要注意的問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)中

的動(dòng)詞原形compare意思是"比較"，find意思是“找到"，adopt意思是

“采納”，只有adopt最符合原文意思，故選L。

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,1I

分值：1.5

H［考點(diǎn)］名詞

［解析］從原文看，and連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，所以要填的詞應(yīng)與and后面的ways意

思一致，選項(xiàng)中的名詞只有method適合，故選H項(xiàng)method。

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分值：1.5

I［考點(diǎn)］形容詞

［解析］上句說(shuō)新的工資制度需要一套工作評(píng)估和衡量雇員表現(xiàn)的方法。這句說(shuō)

的是新的工資制度執(zhí)行過(guò)程中的問(wèn)題，勞資雙方先期達(dá)成一致是薪酬制度成功

的必要條件。形容詞useful和successful兩者中successful更符合原文意

思。

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分值:1.5

D［考點(diǎn)］動(dòng)詞

［解析］這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)是“分值”，把分值……起來(lái)得出總分值t。givea

totalvalue,選項(xiàng)中有**bined,前者指“把……相加”，后者意為“把……

結(jié)合在一起“，原文指將分值相加得出總分，故D項(xiàng)added最符合文意。

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分值：1.5

K［考點(diǎn)］名詞

［解析］solveproblem即“解決問(wèn)題”是經(jīng)理們應(yīng)具備的能力，選項(xiàng)中的

capacity與ability都可以表示“能力”；前者強(qiáng)調(diào)的是理解的能力和接受事

物的能力，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)際應(yīng)用的能力，故不難判斷解決問(wèn)題的能力應(yīng)該用

abilityo

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I

分值：1.5

F［考點(diǎn)］名詞

［解析］本句意思是“因?yàn)楣芾砉ぷ骱茈y評(píng)估，經(jīng)理的工作得分不需要參照基于

分值的評(píng)估系統(tǒng)決定”。withoutreferenceto為固定搭配，意思是“與...

無(wú)關(guān)”。故選reference。

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8.

分值：L5

A［考點(diǎn)］動(dòng)詞

［解析］原句中出現(xiàn)了thevalueofeachjob即"每種工作的價(jià)值”和those

inthejobmarket即“工作市場(chǎng)上的（工作價(jià)值）”，說(shuō)明人事部門通過(guò)比較

兩種價(jià)值來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)工資制度。選項(xiàng)中只有compare表示“比較”，所以A項(xiàng)正

確。

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分值：1.5

J［考點(diǎn)］副詞

［解析］本句意思是“報(bào)酬要隨工作表現(xiàn)各方面的不同而有所改變”，選項(xiàng)中

Necessarily即“必須地”為副詞，符合上下文意思，故選J。

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“I

分值：L5

G［考點(diǎn)］形容詞

［解析］前半句中提到一種情況simpletomeasuretheworkdone即“易于評(píng)

估的工作”，通常用現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)辦法；而???measurementisdifficult是“難

于評(píng)估的”，說(shuō)明這些工作人員的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是間接

的，故選項(xiàng)中只有indirect符合原句的意思。

第六部分：完形補(bǔ)文

下面的短文有10處空白，每處空白后的括號(hào)內(nèi)有一個(gè)詞，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將

其正確的形式填入文中，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。

DaveBrubeckandHisJazz

“TakeFive”,thesmokyinstrumentalbytheDaveBrubeckQuartet(四重

奏)，wasa1(music)milestone-adeceptively(似是而非地)complex

^positionthatintroducesanew,2(adventure)soundtomillionsof

3(listen).InacareerthatspannedalmostofAmericanjazzsince

WorldWarII,Brubeck'scelebrated**binedexotic(異國(guó)情調(diào)的)，4

(challenge)tempos(拍子)withclassicalinfluencestocreate5

(last)standards.

**binedclassicalinfluencesandhisown6(innovate)ontheseminal

1959album"TimeOut"byhisclassicquartet.Itwasthefirstjazz

albumto7(deliberate)exploretimesignaturesoutsidesofthe

standard4/4beator3/4waltztime.Hewasalsothefirstmodern

jazz8(music)picturedonthecoverof"Time"magazine-onNov.8,

1954.

Hisexp