2024云南中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型三 七選五還原句子型閱讀（課件）

考情概覽1

微技能講練2題型三七選五還原句子型閱讀

考情概覽分析云南近6年中考真題可知，七選五還原句子型閱讀理解主要呈現(xiàn)以下特點(diǎn)：1.文體：省卷：記敘文(2023)，說(shuō)明文(6年5考)；昆明卷：說(shuō)明文(6年5考)；2.話題：做法建議(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：2023,2022)、事物介紹(昆明卷：2022,2023)、觀點(diǎn)看法(昆明卷：2021)、文化類(昆明卷：2020)和哲理故事(省卷：2023)；3.詞數(shù)：130－180之間，段落：4－9段；生詞量：1－3個(gè)；4.設(shè)空句子：給出7個(gè)備選項(xiàng)，以陳述句為主，另外還會(huì)少量涉及祈使句、一般疑問(wèn)句等。挖空的句子詞數(shù)為2－10詞。因此考生做題時(shí)，一定要注意空前后的關(guān)鍵句和過(guò)渡詞，不要因只關(guān)注設(shè)空選項(xiàng)，而忽略了所選選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是否與空前后句內(nèi)容一致。

微技能講練微技能1搜尋關(guān)鍵詞

微技能2理清邏輯關(guān)系微技能3把握上下文語(yǔ)境微技能講練微技能1搜尋關(guān)鍵詞(省卷：6年15考；昆明卷：6年15考)介紹段落主旨時(shí)，常會(huì)有核心詞的復(fù)現(xiàn)，但不是詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)，而是核心詞以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞出現(xiàn)。在做題時(shí)，注意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的與原文意思相同、相近或相反的詞匯。同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)(省卷：6年12考；昆明卷：6年10考)1方法同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)指某一詞在設(shè)空處前后和備選項(xiàng)中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)?？筛鶕?jù)這一重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞，結(jié)合原文與備選項(xiàng)確定出正確答案。例1(2021云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Doexerciseeveryday.Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.62Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchasrunningorplayingballgamesisgood.典例剖析A.Pickupahobby.B.Itisalwayswithyou.C.Learntorelaxyourself.D.It'sbadforyourhealthtositforalongtime.E.Nowletmetellyousomewaystokeephealthy.F.Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.G.Healthyfoodplaysanimportantroleinastrongbody.剖析：根據(jù)后文“Somepeoplethinkthatdoingsimplethingslikecleaningthehouseishelpful.Otherpeoplethinkthatdoingexercisesuchas...”可知是在談?wù)摬煌藢?duì)鍛煉方法的不同看法。并結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)“Peoplehavedifferentideasaboutwaystoexercise.”可知此處為“Therearemanywaystodoexerciseindailylife.”中ways的同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選F。Paragraph1(2021江西閱讀理解B節(jié)選)__1__TheABNAMRObankstartedanInstitute(機(jī)構(gòu))ofBrilliantFailurestolearnmoreaboutwhatworksandwhatdoesn'tinbanking.Similarly,EliLillyandCompanyhadfailurepartiestostudythedrugs(藥物)thatdon'twork.方法訓(xùn)練（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld. F.However,thingsareslowlychanging,especiallyinbusinessandscience. G.ThestoryoftheAppleNewtoncanteachusanimportantlessonaboutfailure.D派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)(昆明卷：6年3考)2方法派生詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是指設(shè)空處前后句中某一詞和備選項(xiàng)中某一詞的關(guān)系為派生關(guān)系，即可通過(guò)構(gòu)詞法進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。如：prepare與preparation；introduce與introduction等。例2(2022昆明卷D篇節(jié)選)Soundisnottheonlydifference.Wordssometimeshavedifferentmeanings,too.62Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.A.EnglishiswidelyusedinChina.B.ItcanalsohappentootherlanguageslikeFrench.C.Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.D.Theysay“Haveyouastorybook？”典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)本段最后一句“Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.”可知備選項(xiàng)C中driving是句中的drive的派生詞。故選C。Paragraph2(2021山西閱讀C篇節(jié)選)“Theproblemwithyourgenerationisthatyoualwaysexpecttobehappy，”mymotheroncesaid.2Shouldn'twetryhardtoachieveit?方法訓(xùn)練（

） A.Neithercouldmyparents. B.Weshouldkeepthestressoffourselves. C.Surely,happinesswasthepurposeofliving. D.Thatmaymakeuslesssatisfiedwithourlives. E.Recently,teenagersfacemanykindsofproblems. F.Happinessarriveswhenweareleastexpectingit. G.Soit'snecessaryforustoacceptsadfeelingsaspartoflife.C同疇詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3方法同疇詞復(fù)現(xiàn)指設(shè)空處前后句某一詞和備選項(xiàng)中某一詞為同一范圍的詞：如watch與clock；sweater，jacket與coat等。注意閱讀設(shè)空前后句，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，可以根據(jù)設(shè)空前后的某一詞與備選項(xiàng)中某一詞是否屬于同一范圍來(lái)確定正確選項(xiàng)。例3(2020云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)64Soturnofftheairconditioner(空調(diào))whenyoudon'tneedtouseit.Uselightsthatsaveenergy.Usefewerthingsthatcannotbeusedagain.Whenyoubuysomething,considerthosemadefromthingsthatcanbeusedagainfirst.A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.典例剖析D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.E.Nobodycanplayaroleinprotectingtheearth.F.Therearemanythingsyoucandotosavetheearth.G.Thebiggestenergyuseathomeisforkeepingwarmorcool.剖析：根據(jù)后文中的內(nèi)容可知，備選項(xiàng)G中的“keepingwarmorcool”與文中的“airconditioner”是同疇詞，都和調(diào)節(jié)溫度相關(guān)。故選G。Paragraph3(2021江西閱讀理解B節(jié)選)Infact,oneofthebusinessworld'smostfamousfailuresbecameoneofitsbiggestsuccesses,inpartbecausetheproduct'smakerslearnedfromtheirmistakes.3Theproduct,thoughunique(獨(dú)特的)atthetime,wasexpensiveandheavy;besides,someofitsmostimportantfeatures(特點(diǎn))didn'tworkproperly.方法訓(xùn)練（

） A.Onetrulycannotexistwithouttheother. B.Wearebraveenoughtofacedifficulties. C.Intheearly1990s,ApplecreatedaphonecalledtheAppleNewton. D.Thebusinessworldalreadyunderstandsthevalueofnegativeresults. E.TheAppleNewtonhaswonpopularitywithpeopleallovertheworld.C近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)4方法近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)是指設(shè)空處前后句中某一詞與選項(xiàng)中某一詞為近義詞關(guān)系，如glad與happy；start與begin等。例4(2022云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Remember:Yournicewordsmustcomefromyourheart.Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.65ifyoucan'tfindanythinggoodaboutpeople,oryouwilldomoreharmthangood.A.Speakout.B.Keepsilent.C.You'reagreatfather.D.Thankyouverymuch.典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)本段第二句“Don'tsayanythingifyoudon'thaveanythinggoodtosay.”可知備選項(xiàng)B中的“silent”和句中的Don'tsayanything為近義關(guān)系。故選B。Paragraph4(2021濰坊閱讀信息匹配題節(jié)選改編)__4__Looktoseeifthestoryyouarereadingisonothernewssitesthatyouknowandtrust.Ifyoudofinditonmanyothersites,thenitprobablyisn'tfake(althoughtherearesomeexceptions)．方法訓(xùn)練（

）A.Checkifthestoryisinotherplaces.B.Unluckily,notallofthesestoriesaretrue.C.Fakenewsstoriesoftenspreadmuchfaster.D.Also,thinkabouthowthestorymakesyoufeel.E.Lookatthewebsitewherethestorycomesfrom.F.Thereareothermethodsthatfakenewsuses.A微技能2理清邏輯關(guān)系(省卷：6年11考；昆明卷：6年8考)解答此類試題，通常還要考慮以下四類邏輯關(guān)系：并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系(and，also，besides，then，first，second，notonly...butalso...,inadditionto)、因果關(guān)系(because，becauseof，for，since，as，so，thanksto，asaresult，therefore，forthisreason)、轉(zhuǎn)折讓步關(guān)系(but，however，yet，though，although，evenif)和解釋例證關(guān)系(inotherwords，thatis(tosay)，itmeans...，infact，suchas，forexample)。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系

5方法例5(2020昆明卷閱讀D篇節(jié)選)EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.62Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.A.HowChinesekidslearntousechopsticks.B.Peopleshouldnotmakenoisewithchopsticks.C.Learntherulesandtraditionsbehindchopsticks.D.Doingitatthedinnertableisbelievedtobringbadluck.E.Butchopsticksarenotjustsimpletoolstopickupfood.典例剖析剖析：根據(jù)前句“EveryChinesekidstruggleswiththemforsometime.”可知中國(guó)的孩子都要和筷子斗爭(zhēng)一番，再結(jié)合空后的“Theycomewiththeirownspecialrulesandtraditions.”可知筷子有它們自己的規(guī)則和傳統(tǒng)，所以它們不僅僅是簡(jiǎn)單的吃飯工具。故選E。Paragraph5(2021陜西閱讀第二節(jié)節(jié)選改編)Doyouknowthereasonwhywefeeltiredinthemiddleofaclass?Maybeyouwouldsayitisbecausetheteacher'sclassisboring.__5__Perhapsthisissomethingyouhavenotpaidenoughattentiontoornotyetnoticed.方法訓(xùn)練（

） A.Sleepyanimals. B.Whydoweneedsleep? C.Somepeopletalkintheirdreams.

D.However,therealreasonisprobablythatwedon'thave

enoughsleep.

E.Theolderyouget,thelesssleepyouwillneed.

F.Somepeopleneverdreamwhiletheysleep.

G.Cleveranimals.D并列/遞進(jìn)關(guān)系6方法例6(2021昆明卷閱讀D篇節(jié)選)First,doingchoreshelpschildrenlearntobeindependent.Parentscan'tstaybytheirchildren'ssideallthetime...

63

Whenchildrenfinishachore,theywillnotonlytakeprideinajobwelldonebutalsohaveconfidenceintheirabilitytodothingswell.Third,doingchoresmakesitpossiblefor...典例剖析A.Shouldchildrendochores?B.Choresaregoodforchildren.C.Whatchoresshouldchildrendo?D.Thathelpsthembuildteamspirit.E.Childrencannotdochoreswithouttheirparents'help.F.Second,doingchoreshelpschildrenbuildself-confidence.

剖析：根據(jù)文章第一句以及第三段第一句可知此處應(yīng)介紹孩子做家務(wù)的第二個(gè)好處。故選F。Paragraph6(2021河南D篇節(jié)選改編)Connectyourmainbranches(分支)tothecentralpictureandconnectyoursecond-and-third-levelbranchestothefirstandsecondlevels,etc.Why?Becauseyourbrainworksbyconnection.

6

Ifyouconnectthebranches,youwillunderstandandrememberalotmoreeasily.方法訓(xùn)練（

）A.Startinthecenterofapage.B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible.C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.E舉例/推理關(guān)系(省卷：6年5考；昆明卷：6年4考)7方法例7(2023云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.Youthinkyourmusictasteisgreat？...Youarerudetowaiters...Commonsenseisnotsocommon.__65__典例剖析A.Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones.B.Somelittlethingscanhurtyourimage.C.Someseriousthingsmayhurtyourimage.D.Andtheycanflyasfastas50milesperhour.E.Don'tmindyourbehavioranddoasyoulike.F.Juststandaside,letpeopleout,andthengetin.G.Pleasewatchyourbehaviorandbepoliteinpublic.剖析：根據(jù)上文中“Youdon'tletpeoplegetoutofbusesorelevatorsbeforeyougetin...，Youdon'tcoveryourmouthwhilecoughing...，Youlistentomusicwithoutheadphones...，Youarerudetowaiters...”可知空處應(yīng)該是對(duì)行為和形象管理的總結(jié)。故選G。Paragraph7(2021成都補(bǔ)全短文節(jié)選改編)Eachnumberinabarcode(條形碼)isshownbysevenblocksofthesamesize.7Forexample,thenumber“one”isshowninturnbytwowhitestripes(條)，twoblackstripes,twowhitestripes,andoneblackstripe.方法訓(xùn)練（

）A.Thencomputerscanreaditdirectly.B.Allinformationcanbeshownbybarcodes.C.Thenextparttellsyouwhoproducedtheproduct.D.And“nine”lookssimilarto“six”ifyouturnitupsidedown.E.Theinventionofbarcodesisbasedonaverysimpleidea.F.Evenifyouturnitupsidedown,itisn'tsimilartoanyothernumber.G.Thesearecoloredeitherblackorwhitetoshowthenumbersfromzerotonine.G因果關(guān)系8方法例8(2020云南省卷第三節(jié)節(jié)選)Carsburnoil.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.63ThiscansavesomeoilandproducelessCO2.典例剖析A.Thiscancuttheuseofwater.B.Airpollutionisveryserious.C.ThiswillmakealotofCO2intotheair.D.Sotrytowalk,rideabikeortakeabus.

剖析：根據(jù)空前“SomepeoplebelievethattoomuchCO2ismakingtheearthwarmerthanever.”可知講述的是二氧化碳會(huì)使地球變得比以前更暖和，而空后的內(nèi)容講述的是采取措施后的結(jié)果，因此空處應(yīng)是解決二氧化碳排放量過(guò)多的辦法。故選D。Paragraph8(2021河南閱讀D篇節(jié)選改編)8Why?Becauseeachpicture,justlikethecentralpicture,isalsoworthathousandwords.So,ifyouhave10picturesinyourmindmap,theyarealreadyworth10，000wordsofnotes.方法訓(xùn)練（

） A.Startinthecenterofapage. B.Usepicturesasmanyaspossible. C.Acentralpictureismoreinteresting.

D.Idon'thavetoreadmynotesoverandoveragain.

E.Itlikestoconnecttwo,orthree,orfourthingstogether.

F.Itisnotwisetousemorepictures.

G.Youneedtoconnectyourmindmapwithpictures.B微技能3把握上下文語(yǔ)境(省卷：6年4考；昆明卷：6年7考)若文中沒(méi)有明顯的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)、邏輯關(guān)系等的