人教版新八年級英語暑假講義第09講動詞不定式作賓語-(學(xué)生版+解析)

第09講動詞不定式作賓語【基礎(chǔ)知識】動詞不定式作賓語（1）接不定式作賓語的動詞（“動詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)）常見的有：learn學(xué)會plan計(jì)劃decide決定try盡力choose選擇agree同意refuse拒絕pretend假裝offer主動wouldlike/want想要expect期望hope/wish希望promise承諾afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起prefer喜歡help幫助(helptodo/helpdo)like喜歡(liketodo/doing)continue繼續(xù)(continuetodo/doing)begin/start開始(begin/starttodo/doing)如：Iwouldliketohaveasandwich.我想要吃一個三明治。（2）動詞不定式作賓語，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式賓語。如：Wefounditdifficulttounderstandwhatyousaid.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難理解你所說的話。（3）有的動詞在不定式前可加上疑問詞（who，what，which等）作賓語（即“動詞+疑問詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)），常見的有：show表明、指示；know知道；tell告訴；teach教；learn學(xué)習(xí)；decide決定。如：Larrydidn’tknowhowtotellherthebadnews.拉里不知道如何告訴她這個壞消息。【考點(diǎn)剖析】例1．(2023·山東·莒南縣教育科學(xué)研究與發(fā)展中心八年級期末）—Didyoupractice________Englishthismorning?—Yes,butIforgot________theclassroom.A．tospeak;toclean B．speaking;toclean C．speaking;cleaning例2．(2023·廣東·深圳市高級中學(xué)八年級期中）—Didyouforget________offthelightwhenyoulefttheroomjustnow?—No,Iremember________that,Mum.A．toturn；todo B．turning；doing C．toturn；doing例3．(2023·廣東·深圳市高級中學(xué)八年級期中）—Doesyourmothermakeyou________houseworkeveryday?—No.Infact,Ioffer________thedisheseveryday.A．do;todo B．todo;todo C．do;doing例4．(2023·遼寧沈陽·八年級期末）Threeteenagers________todosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholiday.A．kept B．offered C．thought D．practised【真題演練】5．(2023·四川廣元·中考真題）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited6．(2023·天津·中考真題）Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree________it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．tosell7．(2023·山東濟(jì)南·中考真題）—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?—No,Ihaven’t.Iplan________itthisweekend.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．towrite8．(2023·云南昆明·中考真題）Itisnecessarytolearn________timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.A．tomanage B．managing C．tolose D．losing9．(2023·重慶·中考真題）Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A．build B．building C．tobuild D．built【過關(guān)檢測】10．Pleaseremember________tomorrowmorning.A．towakeupme B．wakingupme C．towakemeup D．wakingmeup11．Thecouplemanaged________theship.A．togoontheboard B．goingontoboardC．goingonboard D．togoonboard12．Ifound________interesting________theanimals.A．that;tofeed B．it;tofeed C．this;feed D．it;feed13．Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A．carrying B．getting C．totake D．tobring14．Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi________thanbefore.Icanafford________alargeone.A．a(chǎn)recheaper;tobuy B．ischeaper;buy C．a(chǎn)relower;buy D．islower;tobuy15．(2023·廣東·廣州市白云區(qū)白云實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校八年級階段練習(xí)）Asmymotherislookingforwardto________fromme,pleaseremember________thisletteronyourwaytothecompany.A．hearing；posting B．hear；topost C．hearing；topost D．hear；posting16．(2023·北京大興·八年級期末）—Doyouplan________forapartythisweekend?—Yes,wedo.A．toprepare B．prepare C．preparing D．prepared17．(2023·陜西·榆林市第一中學(xué)分校八年級期末）Mymotherexpects________aroundtheworld.A．togo B．going C．goes D．went18．(2023·內(nèi)蒙古·阿榮旗教師培訓(xùn)中心八年級期末）—Laura,wedecide________onatripthisafternoon.willyoujoinus?—-I’mafraidnot.Ihaveacomposition________.A．togo;towrite B．togo;writing C．going;towrite D．going;writing19．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Thechildisafraid________thebridgebecauseheisafraid________offit.A．tocross;tofall B．tocross;offallingC．ofcrossing;offalling D．ofcrossing;tofall20．(2023·天津和平·八年級期末）Asthemanagerofthecompany,Mr.Browncan’texpect________adaywithoutworking.A．spent B．spending C．spend D．tospend21．(2023·湖南·通道侗族自治縣教育科學(xué)研究室八年級期末）Ifinditimportant________Englishinthemorning.A．read B．reading C．toread22．(2023·安徽淮北·八年級期末）Wouldyoulike________hissister________yourparty?A．invite;to B．toinvite;to C．toinvite;for D．invite;to23．(2023·上海浦東新·八年級期末）Theyagreed________anothermeetinginoneweek’stime.A．tohold B．holding C．held D．hold24．(2023·廣東·深圳實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校中學(xué)部八年級期末）Ifyoutry________yourdream,youhadbetter________effectivestepsandworkhard.A．realizing;take B．torealize;taking C．realizing;totake D．torealize;take二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空25．(2023·北京市陳經(jīng)綸中學(xué)分校八年級期中）Childrenoftenexpect_____(see)moreMonkeyKingcartoons.26．(2023·山東·巨野縣教學(xué)研究中心八年級期中）Ifindithard_______(finish)theworkinaday.27．(2023·黑龍江·綏濱縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Mymotherdoesn’tallowme________(eat)junkfood.28．(2023·黑龍江·綏濱縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Don’tforget_______________(see)myparentswhenyouareinBeijing.29．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Theshirtwasdirty,buthemanaged_________(clean)it.30．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Tomdidn’tneed_________(buy)abighouse.31．(2023·吉林·長春外國語學(xué)校八年級期末）Heneeds________(clean)hisroomrightnow.32．(2023·全國·八年級期末）Theyvolunteered________(care)forthosehomelesspeople.33．(2023·甘肅省會寧縣教學(xué)研究室八年級期末）Couldyoutellmehow____(use)thecomputer?34．(2023·浙江·溫嶺市新河中學(xué)八年級期末）Ihope________(watch)theactionmovieoneday.35．(2023·吉林·長春外國語學(xué)校八年級期末）Somestudentsfounditdifficult

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(pronounce)difficultwords.36．(2023·山西陽泉·八年級期末）OfalltheTVshows,myfatherexpects_______________(watch)thenews.第09講動詞不定式作賓語【基礎(chǔ)知識】動詞不定式作賓語（1）接不定式作賓語的動詞（“動詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)）常見的有：learn學(xué)會plan計(jì)劃decide決定try盡力choose選擇agree同意refuse拒絕pretend假裝offer主動wouldlike/want想要expect期望hope/wish希望promise承諾afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起prefer喜歡help幫助(helptodo/helpdo)like喜歡(liketodo/doing)continue繼續(xù)(continuetodo/doing)begin/start開始(begin/starttodo/doing)如：Iwouldliketohaveasandwich.我想要吃一個三明治。（2）動詞不定式作賓語，置句末，前面用it指代不定式，it是形式賓語。如：Wefounditdifficulttounderstandwhatyousaid.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難理解你所說的話。（3）有的動詞在不定式前可加上疑問詞（who，what，which等）作賓語（即“動詞+疑問詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)），常見的有：show表明、指示；know知道；tell告訴；teach教；learn學(xué)習(xí)；decide決定。如：Larrydidn’tknowhowtotellherthebadnews.拉里不知道如何告訴她這個壞消息。【考點(diǎn)剖析】例1．(2023·山東·莒南縣教育科學(xué)研究與發(fā)展中心八年級期末）—Didyoupractice________Englishthismorning?—Yes,butIforgot________theclassroom.A．tospeak;toclean B．speaking;toclean C．speaking;cleaning1．B解析：句意：——今天早上你練習(xí)說英語了嗎？——是的，但是我忘記打掃教室了?？疾榉侵^語動詞。practicedoingsth.“練習(xí)做某事”；“butIforgot...theclassroom”可知打掃教室這件事情還未做，用forgettodosth.表示“忘記去做某事”。故選B。例2．(2023·廣東·深圳市高級中學(xué)八年級期中）—Didyouforget________offthelightwhenyoulefttheroomjustnow?—No,Iremember________that,Mum.A．toturn；todo B．turning；doing C．toturn；doing2．C解析：句意：——剛才你離開房間的時候，是不是忘記關(guān)燈了？——沒有，我記得關(guān)好燈了，媽媽?？疾榉侵^語。forgettodo忘記去做某事；forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事；remembertodosth記著去做某事；rememberdoingsth記得做過某事；根據(jù)“whenyoulefttheroomjustnow”及答語No可知，此處指的是“忘記關(guān)燈”，應(yīng)用forgettodosth的結(jié)構(gòu)；根據(jù)“No”可知，第二空指的是“記得已經(jīng)做過”這件事，應(yīng)用rememberdoingsth的形式；故選C。例3．(2023·廣東·深圳市高級中學(xué)八年級期中）—Doesyourmothermakeyou________houseworkeveryday?—No.Infact,Ioffer________thedisheseveryday.A．do;todo B．todo;todo C．do;doing3．A解析：句意：——你媽媽每天都讓你做家務(wù)嗎？——不。事實(shí)上，我主動提出每天洗碗?？疾榉侵^語動詞。makesbdosth“讓某人做某事”，排除B；offertodosth“主動提出做某事”，排除C，故選A。例4．(2023·遼寧沈陽·八年級期末）Threeteenagers________todosomevoluntaryworkduringtheschoolholiday.A．kept B．offered C．thought D．practised4．B解析：句意：三名青少年提出在學(xué)校放假期間做一些志愿工作?？疾閯釉~詞義辨析。kept保持；offered提供，主動提出；thought想，認(rèn)為；practised練習(xí)。根據(jù)“Threeteenagers...todosomevoluntarywork”可知，空處動詞后接不定式作賓語，表示主動提出做志愿者，offertodosth“主動提出做某事”。故選B。【真題演練】5．(2023·四川廣元·中考真題）TheGreatWallissofamousthatalargenumberoftravellerswish______it.A．visit B．visiting C．tovisit D．visited6．(2023·天津·中考真題）Thepaintingisreallyvaluabletohim.Hewillneveragree________it.A．sell B．sells C．sold D．tosell7．(2023·山東濟(jì)南·中考真題）—Haveyoufinishedyourbookreportyet?—No,Ihaven’t.Iplan________itthisweekend.A．write B．wrote C．writing D．towrite8．(2023·云南昆明·中考真題）Itisnecessarytolearn________timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.A．tomanage B．managing C．tolose D．losing9．(2023·重慶·中考真題）Thevillagersplan________anewbridgeovertheriver.A．build B．building C．tobuild D．built【過關(guān)檢測】10．Pleaseremember________tomorrowmorning.A．towakeupme B．wakingupme C．towakemeup D．wakingmeup11．Thecouplemanaged________theship.A．togoontheboard B．goingontoboardC．goingonboard D．togoonboard12．Ifound________interesting________theanimals.A．that;tofeed B．it;tofeed C．this;feed D．it;feed13．Don’tforget_________yourbookheretomorrow.A．carrying B．getting C．totake D．tobring14．Atpresent,thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi________thanbefore.Icanafford________alargeone.A．a(chǎn)recheaper;tobuy B．ischeaper;buy C．a(chǎn)relower;buy D．islower;tobuy15．(2023·廣東·廣州市白云區(qū)白云實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校八年級階段練習(xí)）Asmymotherislookingforwardto________fromme,pleaseremember________thisletteronyourwaytothecompany.A．hearing；posting B．hear；topost C．hearing；topost D．hear；posting16．(2023·北京大興·八年級期末）—Doyouplan________forapartythisweekend?—Yes,wedo.A．toprepare B．prepare C．preparing D．prepared17．(2023·陜西·榆林市第一中學(xué)分校八年級期末）Mymotherexpects________aroundtheworld.A．togo B．going C．goes D．went18．(2023·內(nèi)蒙古·阿榮旗教師培訓(xùn)中心八年級期末）—Laura,wedecide________onatripthisafternoon.willyoujoinus?—-I’mafraidnot.Ihaveacomposition________.A．togo;towrite B．togo;writing C．going;towrite D．going;writing19．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Thechildisafraid________thebridgebecauseheisafraid________offit.A．tocross;tofall B．tocross;offallingC．ofcrossing;offalling D．ofcrossing;tofall20．(2023·天津和平·八年級期末）Asthemanagerofthecompany,Mr.Browncan’texpect________adaywithoutworking.A．spent B．spending C．spend D．tospend21．(2023·湖南·通道侗族自治縣教育科學(xué)研究室八年級期末）Ifinditimportant________Englishinthemorning.A．read B．reading C．toread22．(2023·安徽淮北·八年級期末）Wouldyoulike________hissister________yourparty?A．invite;to B．toinvite;to C．toinvite;for D．invite;to23．(2023·上海浦東新·八年級期末）Theyagreed________anothermeetinginoneweek’stime.A．tohold B．holding C．held D．hold24．(2023·廣東·深圳實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校中學(xué)部八年級期末）Ifyoutry________yourdream,youhadbetter________effectivestepsandworkhard.A．realizing;take B．torealize;taking C．realizing;totake D．torealize;take二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空25．(2023·北京市陳經(jīng)綸中學(xué)分校八年級期中）Childrenoftenexpect_____(see)moreMonkeyKingcartoons.26．(2023·山東·巨野縣教學(xué)研究中心八年級期中）Ifindithard_______(finish)theworkinaday.27．(2023·黑龍江·綏濱縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Mymotherdoesn’tallowme________(eat)junkfood.28．(2023·黑龍江·綏濱縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Don’tforget_______________(see)myparentswhenyouareinBeijing.29．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Theshirtwasdirty,buthemanaged_________(clean)it.30．(2023·黑龍江·肇州縣教師進(jìn)修學(xué)校八年級期末）Tomdidn’tneed_________(buy)abighouse.31．(2023·吉林·長春外國語學(xué)校八年級期末）Heneeds________(clean)hisroomrightnow.32．(2023·全國·八年級期末）Theyvolunteered________(care)forthosehomelesspeople.33．(2023·甘肅省會寧縣教學(xué)研究室八年級期末）Couldyoutellmehow____(use)thecomputer?34．(2023·浙江·溫嶺市新河中學(xué)八年級期末）Ihope________(watch)theactionmovieoneday.35．(2023·吉林·長春外國語學(xué)校八年級期末）Somestudentsfounditdifficult

________

(pronounce)difficultwords.36．(2023·山西陽泉·八年級期末）OfalltheTVshows,myfatherexpects_______________(watch)thenews.參考答案：5．C解析：【詳解】句意：長城非常有名，許多旅行者都想去參觀?？疾榉侵^語動詞。固定短語wishtodosth“希望做某事”，故選C。6．D解析：【詳解】句意：這幅畫對他來說真的很有價值。他永遠(yuǎn)不會同意賣掉它?？疾榉侵^語動詞。agreetodosth.“同意做某事”，動詞不定式作賓語。故選D。7．D解析：【詳解】句意：——你寫完讀書報(bào)告了嗎？——沒有。我計(jì)劃這個周末寫。考查動詞不定式作賓語。plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某事，固定搭配。故選D。8．A解析：【詳解】句意：學(xué)會管理時間，充分利用每一分鐘是必要的?？疾閯釉~辨析及非謂語動詞。manage管理；lose失去。根據(jù)“makegooduseofeveryminute”可知是要管理時間；learntodosth.學(xué)會做某事，此處用動詞不定式作賓語。故選A。9．C解析：【詳解】句意：村民們計(jì)劃在這條河上再建一座橋?？疾榉侵^語動詞。plantodosth計(jì)劃做某事，使用動詞不定式作賓語，故選C。10．C解析：【詳解】句意：請記住明天早晨叫醒我。考查動詞短語。remembertodo意為“記住要做……”；rememberdoing意為“記得做過……”。根據(jù)“tomorrowmorning”可知此處這件事還沒做，應(yīng)用remembertodo；wakeup意為“喚醒”，是“動詞+副詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，其中up為副詞，代詞應(yīng)放中間。故選C。11．D解析：【詳解】句意：這對夫婦設(shè)法登上了輪船?？疾榉侵^語動詞和動詞短語。根據(jù)“Thecouplemanaged…theship.”可知，managetodosth.“設(shè)法做某事”，排除A、C項(xiàng)；goonboard“上（船、飛機(jī)、火車等）”，固定短語。故選D。12．B解析：【詳解】句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)喂動物很有趣。考查固定句型?！鞍l(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很有趣”用finditinterestingtodosth來表示，其中it為形式賓語，todosth為真正的賓語。故選B。13．D解析：【詳解】句意：別忘了明天把你的書帶來。考查動詞辨析。carry提、抬；get得到；take拿走，指“離說話地點(diǎn)越來越遠(yuǎn)”；bring拿來，指“離說話地點(diǎn)越來越近”；forgettodosth“忘記要去做某事”，動作還沒有做；forgetdoingsomething“忘記做過某事”，說話的時候動作已完成；根據(jù)“tomorrow”可知此處指“動作還未完成”，排除A和B；根據(jù)“here”可知此處指“靠近說話人方向”，排除C。故選D。14．D解析：【詳解】句意：目前，烏魯木齊的房價比以前低了。我能買得起一個大房子。考查形容詞用法辨析和afford的用法。主語是thepriceofthehousesinUrumqi，中心詞為price，應(yīng)用high/low形容，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；afford“負(fù)擔(dān)得起”后續(xù)動詞不定式，作其賓語。故選D。15．C解析：【詳解】句意：因?yàn)槲覌寢尯芷诖盏轿业男?，請記得在你去公司上班的路上幫我把這封信寄出去。考查非謂語動詞。lookforwardtodoingsth.表示“期待做某事”，hearfromsb.表示“收到某人的來信”，因此第一空應(yīng)填動詞hear的動詞ing形式hearing。rememberdoingsth“記得做過某事”；remembertodosth.表示“記得要去做某事”，根據(jù)“pleaseremember…thisletteronyourwaytothecompany”可知，提醒對方要去寄信，因此第二空應(yīng)填動詞post的不定式topost。故選C。16．A解析：【詳解】句意：——你計(jì)劃準(zhǔn)備這個周末的聚會嗎？——是的，我們計(jì)劃了。考查非謂語動詞。結(jié)合語境和空前“plan”可知問句用“plantodosth計(jì)劃做某事”，所以這里用動詞不定式作賓語。故選A。17．A解析：【詳解】句意：我母親希望能環(huán)游世界?？疾榉侵^語動詞。expecttodosth“期待做某事”，動詞不定式作賓語，故選A。18．A解析：【詳解】句意：——勞拉，我們決定今天下午去旅行。你愿意加入我們嗎？——恐怕不行。我有一篇作文要寫?？疾閯釉~不定式的用法。go去；write寫。第一空根據(jù)“decidetodosth”“決定做某事”可知，應(yīng)該使用togo；第二空，根據(jù)“havesthtodo”“有事要做”可知，應(yīng)該使用towrite，表示“有一篇作文要寫”。故選A。19．B解析：【詳解】句意：這個孩子害怕過橋，因?yàn)樗ε聫臉蛏系粝氯ァ？疾榻樵~辨析和動詞短語。短語beafraidtodosth“害怕做某事”，通常是按照經(jīng)驗(yàn)或常識不敢做某事，或沒有勇氣做某事。；beafraidofdoingsth“害怕做某事”，主要用來談?wù)撘患幌Ｍ?，也不能決定，而可能突然發(fā)生在自己身上的事。結(jié)合句意，故選B。20．D解析：【詳解】句意：作為公司的經(jīng)理，布朗先生不能指望一天不工作?？疾榉侵^語動詞。固定短語expecttodosth“期待做某事”，故選D。21．C解析：【詳解】句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)早上讀英語很重要?？疾榉侵^語動詞。findit+形容詞+todosth表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是……的”，it是形式賓語，動詞不定式作真正的賓語。故