2024年湖南省中考英語(yǔ)真題（解析版）

PAGE12024年湖南省中考英語(yǔ)試卷第二部分,閱讀理解。第一節(jié),閱讀下列材料,從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．(6分)COMMUNITYNOTICEBOARDVolunteersNeededLibraryHelpersWantedBookloversreadstoriestochildreneverySundayinJuly.Pleasefillinaformonline.HelpforOldPeopleHelpattheoldpeople’shome.Danceorsingwell.FreeinSeptember.CleanersandGardenersVolunteersareneededforcleaningandgardeningatRoseGarden.Goodattakingcareofplants.Workfrom7a.m.tonoononAugust5thand6th.1.Howcanyougetmoreinformationtovolunteerinthelibrary?A.Visititswebsite. B.E-mailAnna. C.CallMr.Walker.2.WherecanvolunteershelpinSeptember?A.Inthelibrary. B.AtRoseGarden. C.Attheoldpeople’shome.3.WhatshouldyoubegoodatifyouwanttovolunteeratRoseGarden?A.Readingstories. B.Dancingandsinging. C.Takingcareofplants.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是社區(qū)公告板上招募志愿者的廣告，需要圖書館助手、老年人之家的幫手以及花園清潔和園藝志愿者?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二框中“Helpattheoldpeople’shome.Danceorsingwell.FreeinSeptember.”可知，9月份有空的志愿者可以去老人之家?guī)兔?。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三框中“VolunteersareneededforcleaningandgardeningatRoseGarden.Goodattakingcareofplants.”可知，如果你想去玫瑰園做志愿者，你應(yīng)該擅長(zhǎng)照顧植物。故選C。Wouldyoubeabletosleepwithoneeyeopen?Bottlenosedolphins(寬吻海豚)can.Whentheysleep,onlyhalfoftheirbraingoestosleep.Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.Halfoftheirbrainsleepsforabouttwohoursbeforetheotherhalfoftheirbraingetsachancetosleep.Sometimes,thedolphinswillkeepswimmingwhiletheyaresleeping.Dolphinsarenotfish—theyaremammals(哺乳動(dòng)物).Thesemammalshavelungs(肺).Andtheydon’thavegills(腮)likefish.Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewatertogetairintotheirlungs.Dolphinsdon’tlayeggs.Theiryoungarebornaliveandtheydrinkmilkfromtheirmothers.Dolphinsareoneofthesmartestanimalsintheworld.Therearemanystoriesabouthowtheysavepeopleoutofwater.Theyareabletosolvemanyproblemslikehumans.Theycanevenusetoolstocatchfish.Buttheirclevernessdoesn’tendthere.Dolphinscanalsopassonanythingtheylearntootherdolphins,likeinterestingfishingskills.Theycommunicatewitheachotherinmanyways.Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.Dolphinsknowthe“voices”ofotherdolphinsandevenknowexactlywhoismakingwhichsound.Anotherthingthatshowstheirclevernessisthattheycanalsoknowthemselvesinamirror(鏡子)andcheckdifferentpartsoftheirbodyinit.4.Whydobottlenosedolphinssleepwithoneeyeopen?A.Tostaysafe.B.Tosleepfortwohours.C.Toswimfaster.5.Whatcanwelearnaboutdolphinsfromparagraph2?A.Theyusegillstogetair.B.Theyarewarm-blooded.C.Theylayeggslikefish.6.Howdodolphinstalktoeachother?A.Bylearningfishingskills.B.Byusingdifferentsounds.C.Bycheckingtheirbodies.7.Whichpartofamagazinemaythepassagebetakenfrom?A.Art. B.Health. C.Nature.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theysleepwithoneeyeopentostaysafe.”可知，海豚睡覺時(shí)睜著一只眼睛是為了保證安全。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyarealsowarm-bloodedandhavetogotothesurfaceofthewatertogetairintotheirlungs.”可知，海豚是溫血?jiǎng)游?。故選B。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theyusedifferentsoundstotalktoeachother.”可知，海豚通過使用不同的聲音互相交談。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了海豚的三個(gè)特點(diǎn)，故推測(cè)這篇文章可能選自雜志的自然界版塊。故選C。Headphonesarehelpful.Manykidsusethem.Butheadphonescanbeharmful,too.Theycancausehearinglossifthevolume(音量)istooloud.StudiesshowthatoneoutofeverytenkidsintheUnitedStateshassomehearingloss.Thecauseisloudnoise.Doyouknowhowwehear?Therearecells(紅胞)insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan’tseethemwithoureyes.“Wecallthemhaircells,”JackieClarksaid.“Theylooklikehairsstandingup.”ClarkisascientistattheUniversityofTexas.Shestudiesnoisesandears.Soundcannotbeseen,butitcanmakethehaircellsmovebackandforward.Thinkofthewindintheleaves.Loudnoisescandamage(損傷)thesecells.Andoncethecellsaredamaged,theydon’tgrowback.Sometimesthere’stinnitus.“It’slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute(長(zhǎng)笛)foralongtime,”Clarksays.Itshowswe’relosinghearing.Tinnitusisnotonlyharmfultoourears,alsoitcanmakeusfeeluneasy.That’swhyit’snecessarytoprotectourears.Howcanweprotectourears?We’dbetterkeepthevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.Weshouldbeabletohearsoundsaroundus.Andotherpeopleshouldn’thearnoisefromourheadphones.“IfIcanhearwhatyou’relisteningtowhenyou’rewearingyourheadphones,”Clarksays,“it’stooloud.”Toprotectourears,keepourheadphonesatabouthalfvolume.8.Whatcanweknowabouthaircells?A.Theyhelpushear.B.Theylooklikehairslyingdown.C.Theycanbeseenclearlywithoureyes.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tinnitus”meaninParagraph3?A.Amusicalvoice.B.Akindofinstrument.C.Ringinginears.10.What’sthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Togiveadvice.B.Toshowproblems.C.Toexplainreasons.11.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Beforelisteningtomusic,chooseagoodheadphone.B.Whenusingaheadphone,keepthevolumelow.C.Afterusingaheadphone,checkyourears.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了耳機(jī)很有用，但是它也會(huì)導(dǎo)致聽力喪失，所以文章建議我們要合理使用耳機(jī)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Therearecells(細(xì)胞)insidetheearsthathelpushear.Wecan’tseethemwithoureyes.‘Wecallthemhaircells,’JackieClarksaid.”可知，毛細(xì)胞幫助我們聽到聲音。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“‘It’slikesomeoneisplayinganoteontheflute(長(zhǎng)笛)foralongtime,’Clarksays.”可知，這就像有人在笛子上很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間吹一個(gè)音符，即耳朵有時(shí)有耳鳴現(xiàn)象。故推測(cè)劃線單詞應(yīng)該是“耳鳴”的意思。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Howcanweprotectourears?We’dbetterkeepthevaluevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.”可知，此段主要給出了使用耳機(jī)的建議。故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)“Howcanweprotectourears?We’dbetterkeepthevaluevolumelowwhenweuseourheadphones.”可知，本文主要講了為了保護(hù)我們的耳朵，使用耳機(jī)時(shí)最好把音量調(diào)小。故選B。Whatcanyoudowhenyoudon’twanttodohomework?Youknowithastobedone,butit’sthelastthingyouwanttodo.Howcanyoudealwiththeproblem?____12____Setgoals(目標(biāo))foryourself,Yourgoalsdon'thavetobebig.Infact,thesmaller,thebetter.Startbysettinggoalsyoucanreacheasily.Takeaplanandwriteitdown.____13____Becausesomethingaboutthewrittenwordsmakesithardertoforget.Onceyouwriteitdown,itseasiertocarryitout.____14____Doitfirstbecauseitneedsafreshmind.Youoftendislikeitifyoufindyourhomeworkdifficult.Butifyoutryyourbestandfinishit,you’llhaveasenseofachievement.Userewards(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))tomarkyourprogress.Ifyouhavecompletedpartofyourhomework,youcouldtakeabreak.____15____Oryoucouldeven“allow”yourselftogotoamovieonFriday.Askyourparentsforhelp.Ifyoudon’task,yourparentswillneverknowwhattroubleyouhave.Sotheywon’tbeabletogiveyouhelpfuladvice.Thesesuggestionsabovecouldworkonyou.Trythemout.It’stimetotakeactionnow.A.Howcanyoumakeaplan?BDodifficulthomeworkfirst.C.Whyshouldyouwriteitdown?D.Hereissomeadvicetohelpyou.E.Youcouldalsoeatsomethingyoulike.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講了針對(duì)不想做作業(yè)問題而提出的幾個(gè)建議?！?2題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Howcanyoudealwiththeproblem?”和下文“Setgoalsforyourself、Takeaplanandwriteitdown、Userewardstomarkyourprogress.”可知說的是處理不想做作業(yè)問題的建議，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，D選項(xiàng)“這里有一些建議可以幫助你?！迸c之相符。故選D。【13題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Takeaplanandwriteitdown.”和下文Becausesomethingaboutthewrittenwordsmakesithardertoforget.”可知，介紹了記在計(jì)劃的原因，故空處會(huì)詢問為什么要寫下來，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)知，C選項(xiàng)“你為什么要寫下來？”與之相符。故選C。【14題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Youoftendislikeitifyoufindyourhomeworkdifficult.”可知說的是不喜歡難的家庭作業(yè)，故空處與家庭作業(yè)相關(guān)。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)“先做難的作業(yè)?！迸c之相符。故選B。15題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Userewards(獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))tomarkyourprogress.”可知，用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)來標(biāo)記你的進(jìn)步。可知說的是使用獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，E選項(xiàng)“你也可以吃你喜歡的東西?！迸c之相符。故選E。第三部分,語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用。第一節(jié),Asachild,Iwasquiteactive.Iwasrunningaroundandgettinghurtalmosteveryday.Mymomwas____16____.Aneighboradvisedmetolearntofish.Ilikedthe____17____,butmymomsaidno.Shethoughtitwas____18____togetclosetoanybodyofwater.Atlast,mymomgotanotheridea.Everyday,shemademesitatthedeskand____19____foranhour.Ihatedreadingandcriedalot.Then,my____20____,aschoolteacher,cametohelp.Heledmetomydeskandtoldmeto____21____onebook.“Readjusttwentypages.Ifyoustillfeelboredafterthat,justputitdownandchooseanotherone,”hesaid.IstartedwithTheEmperor’sNewClothes.AfterIreadtwenty____22____asmyunclesuggested,Iwasrolling(打滾)onthefloorlaughing.Whatastupidemperor!Next,Ireadmorebooks.Astimewenton,Iwasableto____23____understandthestories.SoIstartedreadinglongerandmoreseriousbooks.IfellinlovewithJourneytotheWest.MymomsaidIshouldspendmoretimeplayingoutside.ButIdidn’twantto____24____thebook.Tothisday,Imaketimetoreadeveryday.Ifyouhaven’tyetexperiencedthefunofreading,takemyuncle’sadviceandfindthe“____25____”books.They’llgiveyouenjoyment,teachyousomethingnewandevenchangeyourlife.16.A.bored B.surprised C.worried17.A.idea B.rule C.truth18.A.helpful B.dangerous C.necessary19.A.draw B.write C.read20A.uncle B.father C.neighbor21.A.describe B.pick C.borrow22.A.words B.lines C.pages23.A.hardly B.easily C.wrongly24.A.putdown B.giveaway C.lookthrough25.A.long B.serious C.right【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.C20.A21.B22.C23.B24.A25.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了作者總是因?yàn)樘钴S而造成了一些問題，媽媽把閱讀作為治療作者的方法，后來作者逐漸找到了閱讀的樂趣。【16題詳解】句意：我媽媽很擔(dān)心。bored無(wú)聊的；surprised驚訝的；worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)“Iwasrunningaroundandgettinghurtalmosteveryday.”可知作者每天幾乎都會(huì)受傷，媽媽很擔(dān)心。故選C?！?7題詳解】句意：我喜歡這個(gè)主意，但我媽媽不同意。idea主意；rule規(guī)則；truth真相。根據(jù)“Aneighboradvisedmetolearntofish.”可知，作者喜歡釣魚這個(gè)主意。故選A?！?8題詳解】句意：她認(rèn)為靠近水邊是危險(xiǎn)的。helpful有幫助的；dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；necessary有必要的。根據(jù)“mymomsaidno”可知，她認(rèn)為是危險(xiǎn)的。故選B?！?9題詳解】句意：每天她讓我坐在桌旁讀一小時(shí)書。draw畫；write寫；read讀。根據(jù)“Ihatedreading”可知，此處指讀書。故選C。【20題詳解】句意：然后我的叔叔，一位教師來幫助我。uncle叔叔；father父親；neighbor鄰居。根據(jù)“asmyunclesuggested”可知，此處指叔叔。故選A。21題詳解】句意：他把我?guī)У阶琅裕屛姨暨x一本書。describe描述；pick挑選；borrow借。根據(jù)“Heledmetomydeskandtoldme”可知，他讓作者挑一本書讀。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：當(dāng)我像我叔叔建議的那樣讀完20頁(yè)之后，我笑得在地上打滾。words詞；lines線；pages頁(yè)。根據(jù)“Readjusttwentypages.”可知，此處指頁(yè)碼。故選C?！?3題詳解】句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，我可以很容易地理解故事內(nèi)容。hardly幾乎不；easily容易地；wrongly錯(cuò)誤地。根據(jù)“SoIstartedreadinglongerandmoreseriousbooks.”可知，我可以很容易地讀懂故事。故選B。【24題詳解】句意：但我不想放下書。putdown放下；giveaway贈(zèng)送；lookthrough瀏覽。根據(jù)But表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，作者不想放下書出去玩。故選A。【25題詳解】句意：如果你還沒有體會(huì)到讀書的樂趣，采納我叔叔的建議，找到合適的書閱讀。long長(zhǎng)的；serious嚴(yán)肅的；right合適的。根據(jù)“takemyuncle’sadviceandfind”可知此處指找到適合自己的書去閱讀。故選C。Iworkatamostpopularrestaurantinmyhometown.Iloveworkinghereasamemberofafantasticteam.Peopleherearevery____26____(friend),andhard-working.IstartedbywashingdisheswhenIwasonly18.Iworkedhard,andsoonbecame____27____waiter.Simon,whowasheadchef(主廚)then,begantoshow____28____(I)howtocook.IloveditsomuchandI____29____(go)tocollegetolearnmore.WhenSimonlefttherestaurant,Ibecameheadchef.Atthetimeallthefoodwastraditional.Thequality(品質(zhì))wasgood,butIwantedtodosomethingdifferent,soIdecided____30____(have)adifferentmenu.Nowweservefoodfromalloverthecountry.Therearemanymarketsandfoodshopshere.Ican____31____(usual)findanyingredient(配料)Ineed.Iusealotofnaturalfood.Somepeoplethinkitisnotsodelicious,____32____Idon’tagree.Well-preparednaturalfoodhasa____33____(good)tastethanfastfood.Ourfoodishealthyandmostcustomersloveit.Weusethebestmeatandthefreshestvegetables.Attheweekendweplaymany____34____(kind)ofmusic.There’salsoaspecialmenu____35____childrenonSaturdaysandthat’swhenweservetraditionalfood.【答案】26.friendly27.a28.me29.went30.tohave31.usually32.but33.better34.kinds35.for【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了作者在家鄉(xiāng)一家非常受歡迎的餐廳工作的經(jīng)歷?！?6題詳解】句意：這里的人都很友好而且辛勤。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞形式，作表語(yǔ)，friendly“友好的”符合。故填friendly?！?7題詳解】句意：我努力工作，很快就成為一名服務(wù)員。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示泛指的一名服務(wù)員，使用不定冠詞；waiter以輔音音素開頭，使用不定冠詞a。故填a。【28題詳解】句意：西蒙，那時(shí)是主廚，開始教我如何做飯。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處使用人稱代詞賓格，作賓語(yǔ)。故填me。【29題詳解】句意：我非常喜歡它，我去大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)更多。根據(jù)空前的“l(fā)oved”可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，此處使用過去式形式。故填went。【30題詳解】句意：質(zhì)量很好，但我想做一些不同的東西，所以我決定有一個(gè)不同的菜單。decidetodosth.“決定做某事”，固定詞組。故填tohave?！?1題詳解】句意：我可以通常找到我需要的任何配料。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞，作狀語(yǔ)。故填usually。【32題詳解】句意：有些人認(rèn)為它不好吃，但我不同意。根據(jù)空前后的句意可知，此處句意發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)折，but“但是”符合。故填but?！?3題詳解】句意：精心準(zhǔn)備的天然食品比快餐更美味。根據(jù)空后的“than”可知，此處使用比較級(jí)形式。故填better?！?4題詳解】句意：在周末我們播放許多種音樂。根據(jù)空前的“many”可知，此處使用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填kinds?！?5題詳解】句意：星期六我們還為孩子們提供特別菜單，那時(shí)我們供應(yīng)傳統(tǒng)食物。根據(jù)“There’salsoaspecialmenu…childrenonSaturdays”的句意可知，此處指為孩子們提供特別菜單，for“為了”符合。故填for。第四部分,綜合技能。第一節(jié),“ThoughIwasbornwithhalfaleftarm,Idon’tthinkI’munlucky,”saidMsYang,a35-year-oldwomanfromasmallvillageinHunan.She’sasuccessfulXiangembroidery(湘繡)artist.NowsherunsaXiangembroiderystore.Shelivedahardlifeformanyyears.Luckily,herwholefamilysupportedher.Aftercollegesheappliedfor(申請(qǐng))over200jobsbutwasturneddownagainandagain.Shetriedtostartherownbusinessbutfailedwithallhermoneylost.ThensheturnedtoXiangembroidery.MsYang’sinterestinXiangembroiderybeganwhenshewasachild.Shelearnedsomeofthebasicsfromaneighbor.Afterrunningthestore,shetookmanytrainingcourses,includingathree-yearcourseatTsinghuaUniversity.Shekeptdevelopingherskills,sayingthatherdisabilitywouldn’tstopher.In2014,herbusinessfinallystartedmakingmoney.Thenshetriedtodosomethingforsociety.Xiangembroideryhasahistoryofover2,000years.AsXiangembroideryisoneofthefourbest-knownstyles(風(fēng)格)ofembroideryinChina,shehopestospreaditscultureandmakemorepeoplelearnaboutit.Byofferingfreelessons,MsYanghelpslotsofpeople,includingmanydisabledones.MsYang’sstoryisencouraging.Itshowshowimportantstrongwillsandinterestsare.Whenwefacedifficulties,weshouldnevergiveup.Justasasayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”36.WhereisMsYangfrom?______________________________________________________37.HowlongisthehistoryofXiangembroidery?______________________________________________________38.HowdoesMsYanghelppeople?______________________________________________________39.DoyouwanttolearnXiangembroiderythissummerholiday?Whyorwhynot?______________________________________________________40.將短文中畫線句子翻譯成中文。______________________________________________________【答案】36.SheisfromasmallvillageinHunan,China.37.Ithasahistoryofover2,000years.38.Shehelpspeoplebyofferingfreelessons.39.Yes,Ido.BecauselearningXiangembroiderycouldbeagreatwaytoappreciatetraditionalChineseartandculture.40.當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難時(shí)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該放棄。【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了楊女士和湘繡之間的故事?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)“...saidMsYang,a35-year-oldwomanfromasmallvillageinHunan.”可知，楊女士來自中國(guó)湖南省一個(gè)小村莊。故填SheisfromasmallvillageinHunan,China.【37題詳解】根據(jù)“Xiangembroideryhasahistoryofover2,000years.”可知，湘繡有著兩千多年的歷史。故填I(lǐng)thasahistoryofover2,000years.【38題詳解】根據(jù)“Byofferingfreelessons,MsYanghelpslotsofpeople,includingmanydisabledones.”可知，她通過提供免費(fèi)課程幫助了許多人。故填Shehelpspeoplebyofferingfreelessons.【39題詳解】根據(jù)題目要求可知，本題應(yīng)回答是否想要在暑假學(xué)習(xí)湘繡以及原因，可回答：我想學(xué)習(xí)刺繡，因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)湘繡是欣賞中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)和文化的好方法。故填Yes,Ido.BecauselearningXiangembroiderycouldbeagreatwaytoappreciatetraditionalChineseartandculture.【40題詳解】分析劃線句子可知，本句為when“在……時(shí)候”引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；we“我們”作從句主語(yǔ)；face“面對(duì)”為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；difficulties“困難”作賓語(yǔ)；情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should表示“應(yīng)該”；never“絕不”；動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)giveup表示“放棄”。故填：當(dāng)我們面對(duì)困難時(shí)，我們永遠(yuǎn)不應(yīng)該放