Unit1AnewstartUsinglanguage課件高一上學(xué)期英語

外研必修第一冊UNIT1AnewstartP3Grammar-Review:BasicsentencestructuresBasicsentencestructuresSpringiscoming.Leavesturngreen.Cowseatgrassonthehill.Thespringgivesusawarmhug.Iwillmakethebeautystayinmymindforever.主語謂語主語系動(dòng)詞表語主語謂語賓語狀語主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語主語謂語賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語

句子是一個(gè)完整的意義單位，由不同的句子成分構(gòu)成。其中，最重要的成分就是主語和謂語，分別表明句子的主體和主體的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

此外，句子成分還包括賓語、表語、狀語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等，它們共同組成了英語中的基本句型，并承擔(dān)不同的表意功能。主語S(subject)謂語V(verb)表語P(predicative)賓語O(object)狀語A(adverbial)直接賓語DO(directobject)間接賓語IO(indirectobject)賓語補(bǔ)足語OC(objectcomplement)Observethesesentencesfromthisunit.Readandpointouttheirsentencestructures.1.I

saw

awhite-hairedman.2.I

replied.3.He

gave

measmile.4.I

breathed

deeply.5.I

lookedat

them

inpainic.6.Iwas

embarrassed.7.Hiswordsmade

mealotmorerelaxed.SVSPSVOSVOOSVOCSVASVOAFocuson基本用法Basicsentencestructures英語中的七種基本句型主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)SV主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語SVA主語+(系動(dòng)詞)+表語SP主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語SVO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+狀語SVOA主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語SVOO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語SVOCSV

主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)(1)

Class

begins.(2)Amy

laughed.(3)Theplane

haslanded.此類型的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞能表達(dá)完整的意思，這類動(dòng)詞叫不及物動(dòng)詞，其后不能直接帶賓語。(1)

Thebabyslept

peacefully.(2)Hisfather

hasgone

abroad.(3)She

stayed

intheroom.有時(shí)為了表示發(fā)生的頻率、原因、結(jié)果、目的、地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間等，可以有狀語來修飾。SVA

主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語SP

主語

+

(系動(dòng)詞)

+

表語(1)DavidSmith

isastudent.(2)

He

became

ascientist.(3)Dinner

smellsgood.(4)Thecake

tastes

sweet.此類型的句子，謂語動(dòng)詞不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)的表語，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。SVO

主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語(1)Welove

ourcountry.(2)

Johnopened

thefridge.此句型中謂語是及物動(dòng)詞，其后必須跟賓語才能使句意表達(dá)完整。一些不及物動(dòng)詞后面加介詞相當(dāng)于一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞，之后可加賓語。(1)You

mustlistento

me.(2)She

issmilingat

thelittlebaby.可在句中充當(dāng)賓語由……充當(dāng)例句Katehasapiano.Haveyoutoldthemanythingabouttheaccident?Ifyouadd

5to5,youget10.Wemayfindouttheunknownbycalculation.Idisliketravellingtoworkinaverycrowdedbuseveryday.Herefusedtoattendthemedicalconference.IwonderwhetherIshouldstayornot.Sheknowswhattodonext.名詞代詞數(shù)詞名詞化的形容詞V-ing(短語)不定式(短語)從句疑問詞+不定式SVOA主語

+

謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)

+

賓語

+

狀語(1)You

canput

thedish

here.(2)

He

spent

fourweeks

atasummercamp.(3)He

arrivedin

London

yesterday.(4)Johnlookedat

hismother

happily.在某些及物動(dòng)詞的后面，需要用一個(gè)賓語再加一個(gè)狀語，用來說明句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作過程和狀態(tài)等。SVOO

主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語此句型中謂語動(dòng)詞必須跟兩個(gè)賓語才能表達(dá)完整意思。兩個(gè)賓語一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。(1)He

told

me

hisidea.(2)I

showed

him

mypictures.(3)She

passed

her

anewdress.(4)Myfriend

bought

me

agift.間接賓語直接賓語動(dòng)詞與“雙賓語”givesb.sth./givesth.tosb.makesb.sth./makesth.forsb.常見的這類結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：give,send,bring,owe,take,offer,pass,lend,tell,return,promise,show,write,throw,hand,award,grant等常見的這類結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：make(制造),prepare,buy,order,do,fetch,pick,leave,build,post,get,draw,find,reserve,save等SVOC

主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語(1)He

found

thehomework

easy.(2)They

called

theirdaughterMary.(3)I

wish

you

tobehappy.(4)She

wished

herself

home.在某些及物動(dòng)詞的后面，需要用一個(gè)賓語再加一個(gè)賓補(bǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)常見動(dòng)詞例句Iwillmakeyou

captain.Hisspeechleftthepresidentinaverydifferentposition.Mymotheraskedme

towashtheclothes.·We

consider

him

(to

be)

a

good

teacher.·Ifindthestory

veryinteresting.Wewatchedthechildren

playgames.名詞介詞短語todo(tobe)

+n./adj.

不帶to的不定式advise,allow,ask,beg,direct,encourage,cause,expect,order,forbid,force,invite,permit,

tell,persuade,remind,

require,

want…consider,

think,

believe,

discover,

find,

judge,

prove,

imagine,suppose…feel,have,hear,let,make,notice,observe,see,watch,listento,lookat…————(1)Hesawagirlinredgetonthebus.(2)Hesawagirlinredgettingonthebus.他看見一個(gè)穿紅色衣服的女孩上車了。他看見一個(gè)穿紅色衣服的女孩正在上車。感官動(dòng)詞等后面既可以接不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，也可以用V-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)。前者表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束，后者表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。Translation判斷下列句子屬于哪種簡單句類型？1.Heknowseverything.2.Ifoundthebookeasy.3.Hegothimselfintotrouble.4.Hegotherasplendidpresent.5.Thingschange.6.Mr.Tunrnerisanartist.7.Thegirldanceswell.8.Iwilltellyouagoodnews.主語+謂語+賓語(SVO)主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)主語+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)(SVOC)主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(SVOO)主語+謂語(SV)主語+(系動(dòng)詞)+表語(SP)主語+謂語+狀語(SVA)主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(SVOO)Matchthesentencesthatsharethesamestructures.P5

11.Isawawhite-hairedman.2.Ireplied.3.Hegavemeasmile.4.Ibreatheddeeply.5.Ilookedattheminpanic.6.Iwasembarrassed.7.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed!a.Hewasfriendly.b.Theexammademequitenervous.c.Ipassedhimabook.d.Sheagreed.e.Hewrotealongletter.f.Hetalkedloudly.g.Shelookedafterhersisterpatiently.SVOSVSVOOSVASVOASPSVOCLookatthepicturesandtellthestorywithyourownending.Trytousedifferent

basicsentencestructures.P5

2a.

Theboywas

playing

basketballin

theclassroom.b.

Allofasudden,

theball

droppedonthe

MP3anditwas

broken.c.

Theboy

thoughtthe

girlmustbe

angrywith

him.d.

Heusedhisownmoneytobuy

anewone.Andthenhesaid

sorrytothegirl,butthegirl

saidtheMP3wasjustamodel.

…主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)SV主語+謂語(不及物動(dòng)詞)+狀語SVA主語+(系動(dòng)詞)+表語SP主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語SVO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+狀語SVOA主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語SVOO主語+謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語SVOC英語中的七種基本句型注:另附word文檔，

點(diǎn)此鏈接Ⅰ.判斷下列句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。1.Oneofthechildrensmiles!2.I'llwritedownhistelephonenumber

soasnottoforgetit.3.Nooneinthecrowdbelievedthatanyof

thetinyfrogswouldreachthetopoftower.4.Maryboughthermotherawonderfulgift.5.Theyaretryingtomakethosechildren

interestedinreading.CSVSVOASVOSVOOSVOCⅡ.根據(jù)括號(hào)內(nèi)的提示，翻譯句子。1.所有的學(xué)生都離開了。(SV)

_________________________________________________2.我們的班長看上去很激動(dòng)。(SVP)

_________________________________________________3.經(jīng)理走得很快。(SVA)

_________________________________________________4.英語老師讓我們買一本新字典。(SVOC)

_________________________________________________5.史密斯先生給我提供了一些有用的建議。(SVOO)_________________________________________________Allofthestudentsleft.Ourmonitorlookedexcited.Themanagerwalkedquickly.TheEnglishteacheraskedustobuyanewdictionary.Mr.Smithofferedmesomeusefuladvice.Ⅲ.標(biāo)出短文中劃線句子的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

1.

TimBerners-LeeinventedtheWorldWideWeball