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【淘寶店鋪:向陽百分百】【淘寶店鋪:向陽百分百】備戰(zhàn)2024中考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)備戰(zhàn)2024中考數(shù)學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí)第6講二次函數(shù)的圖像與性質(zhì)№第6講二次函數(shù)的圖像與性質(zhì)№考向解讀?考點(diǎn)精析?真題精講?題型突破?專題精練第三章函數(shù)第6講二次函數(shù)的圖像與性質(zhì)→?考點(diǎn)精析←→?真題精講←考向一二次函數(shù)的最值考向二二次函數(shù)平移考向三二次函數(shù)圖像對稱考向四二次函數(shù)綜合性質(zhì)考向五二次函數(shù)參數(shù)問題考向六二次函數(shù)交點(diǎn)問題第6講二次函數(shù)的圖像與性質(zhì)二次函數(shù)是非常重要的函數(shù),年年都會(huì)考查,總分值為18~20分,預(yù)計(jì)2024年各地中考還會(huì)考,它經(jīng)常以一個(gè)壓軸題獨(dú)立出現(xiàn),有的地區(qū)也會(huì)考察二次函數(shù)的應(yīng)用題,小題的考察主要是二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì)及或與幾何圖形結(jié)合來考查.→?考點(diǎn)精析←一、二次函數(shù)的概念一般地,形如y=ax2+bx+c(a,b,c是常數(shù),a≠0)的函數(shù),叫做二次函數(shù).二、二次函數(shù)解析式的三種形式(1)一般式:y=ax2+bx+c(a,b,c為常數(shù),a≠0).(2)頂點(diǎn)式:y=a(x–h)2+k(a,h,k為常數(shù),a≠0),頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是(h,k).(3)交點(diǎn)式:y=a(x–x1)(x–x2),其中x1,x2是二次函數(shù)與x軸的交點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo),a≠0.三、二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)1.二次函數(shù)的圖象與性質(zhì)解析式二次函數(shù)y=ax2+bx+c(a,b,c是常數(shù),a≠0)對稱軸x=–SKIPIF1<0頂點(diǎn)(–SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0)a的符號a>0a<0圖象開口方向開口向上開口向下最值當(dāng)x=–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y最小值=SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)x=–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y最大值=SKIPIF1<0最點(diǎn)拋物線有最低點(diǎn)拋物線有最高點(diǎn)增減性當(dāng)x<–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y隨x的增大而減?。划?dāng)x>–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y隨x的增大而增大當(dāng)x<–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y隨x的增大而增大;當(dāng)x>–SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y隨x的增大而減小2.二次函數(shù)圖象的特征與a,b,c的關(guān)系字母的符號圖象的特征aa>0開口向上a<0開口向下bb=0對稱軸為y軸ab>0(a與b同號)對稱軸在y軸左側(cè)ab<0(a與b異號)對稱軸在y軸右側(cè)cc=0經(jīng)過原點(diǎn)c>0與y軸正半軸相交c<0與y軸負(fù)半軸相交b2–4acb2–4ac=0與x軸有唯一交點(diǎn)(頂點(diǎn))b2–4ac>0與x軸有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn)b2–4ac<0與x軸沒有交點(diǎn)四、拋物線的平移1.將拋物線解析式化成頂點(diǎn)式y(tǒng)=a(x–h)2+k,頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為(h,k).2.保持y=ax2的形狀不變,將其頂點(diǎn)平移到(h,k)處,具體平移方法如下:3.注意二次函數(shù)平移遵循“上加下減,左加右減”的原則,據(jù)此,可以直接由解析式中常數(shù)的加或減求出變化后的解析式;二次函數(shù)圖象的平移可看作頂點(diǎn)間的平移,可根據(jù)頂點(diǎn)之間的平移求出變化后的解析式.五、二次函數(shù)與一元二次方程的關(guān)系1.二次函數(shù)y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0),當(dāng)y=0時(shí),就變成了一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0).2.a(chǎn)x2+bx+c=0(a≠0)的解是拋物線y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的圖象與x軸交點(diǎn)的橫坐標(biāo).3.(1)b2–4ac>0?方程有兩個(gè)不相等的實(shí)數(shù)根,拋物線與x軸有兩個(gè)交點(diǎn);(2)b2–4ac=0?方程有兩個(gè)相等的實(shí)數(shù)根,拋物線與x軸有且只有一個(gè)交點(diǎn);(3)b2–4ac<0?方程沒有實(shí)數(shù)根,拋物線與x軸沒有交點(diǎn).六、二次函數(shù)的綜合1、函數(shù)存在性問題解決二次函數(shù)存在點(diǎn)問題,一般先假設(shè)該點(diǎn)存在,根據(jù)該點(diǎn)所在的直線或拋物線的表達(dá)式,設(shè)出該點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo);然后用該點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)表示出與該點(diǎn)有關(guān)的線段長或其他點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)等;最后結(jié)合題干中其他條件列出等式,求出該點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo),然后判別該點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)是否符合題意,若符合題意,則該點(diǎn)存在,否則該點(diǎn)不存在.2、函數(shù)動(dòng)點(diǎn)問題(1)函數(shù)壓軸題主要分為兩大類:一是動(dòng)點(diǎn)函數(shù)圖象問題;二是與動(dòng)點(diǎn)、存在點(diǎn)、相似等有關(guān)的二次函數(shù)綜合題.(2)解答動(dòng)點(diǎn)函數(shù)圖象問題,要把問題拆分,分清動(dòng)點(diǎn)在不同位置運(yùn)動(dòng)或不同時(shí)間段運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)對應(yīng)的函數(shù)表達(dá)式,進(jìn)而確定函數(shù)圖象;解答二次函數(shù)綜合題,要把大題拆分,做到大題小做,逐步分析求解,最后匯總成最終答案.(3)解決二次函數(shù)動(dòng)點(diǎn)問題,首先要明確動(dòng)點(diǎn)在哪條直線或拋物線上運(yùn)動(dòng),運(yùn)動(dòng)速度是多少,結(jié)合直線或拋物線的表達(dá)式設(shè)出動(dòng)點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)或表示出與動(dòng)點(diǎn)有關(guān)的線段長度,最后結(jié)合題干中與動(dòng)點(diǎn)有關(guān)的條件進(jìn)行計(jì)算.→?真題精講←考向一二次函數(shù)最值1.(2023·甘肅蘭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,下列說法正確的是(
)A.對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0 B.頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0 C.函數(shù)的最大值是-3 D.函數(shù)的最小值是-3【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0∵SKIPIF1<0∴二次函數(shù)圖象開口向下,函數(shù)有最大值,為SKIPIF1<0∴A、B、D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤,C選項(xiàng)正確故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì),熟練掌握二次函數(shù)圖象和性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.2.(2023·遼寧大連·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0,則當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最大值為(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.0 D.2【答案】D【分析】把拋物線SKIPIF1<0化為頂點(diǎn)式,得到對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,再分別求出SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0時(shí)的函數(shù)值,即可得到答案.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,∴對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最小值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最大值為2,故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】此題考查了二次函數(shù)的最值,熟練掌握二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.3.(2023·浙江杭州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)設(shè)二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,則(
)A.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0 B.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0C.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0 D.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的最小值為SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,從而求得拋物線對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,再分別求出當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0時(shí)函數(shù)y的最小值即可求解.【詳解】解:令SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴拋物線對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),拋物線對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,把SKIPIF1<0代入SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y有最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0.故A正確,B錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),拋物線對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,把SKIPIF1<0代入SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),y有最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0,故C、D錯(cuò)誤,故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查拋物線的最值,拋物線對稱軸.利用拋物線的對稱性求出拋物線對稱軸是解題的關(guān)鍵.考向二二次函數(shù)平移4.(2023·廣西·統(tǒng)考中考真題)將拋物線SKIPIF1<0向右平移3個(gè)單位,再向上平移4個(gè)單位,得到的拋物線是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【分析】根據(jù)“左加右減,上加下減”的法則進(jìn)行解答即可.【詳解】解:將拋物線SKIPIF1<0向右平移3個(gè)單位,再向上平移4個(gè)單位,得到的拋物線的函數(shù)表達(dá)式為:SKIPIF1<0.故選:A.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了二次函數(shù)圖象的平移,熟知二次函數(shù)圖象平移的法則是解答此題的關(guān)鍵.考向三二次函數(shù)圖像對稱5.(2023·湖南·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖所示,直線l為二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像的對稱軸,則下列說法正確的是(
)
A.b恒大于0 B.a(chǎn),b同號 C.a(chǎn),b異號 D.以上說法都不對【答案】C【分析】先寫出拋物線的對稱軸方程,再列不等式,再分SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩種情況討論即可.【詳解】解:∵直線l為二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖像的對稱軸,∴對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),則SKIPIF1<0,∴a,b異號,故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查的是二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì),熟練的利用對稱軸在y軸的右側(cè)列不等式是解本題的關(guān)鍵.考向四二次函數(shù)綜合性質(zhì)6.(2023·四川南充·統(tǒng)考中考真題)拋物線SKIPIF1<0與x軸的一個(gè)交點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,若SKIPIF1<0,則實(shí)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍是(
)A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【分析】根據(jù)拋物線有交點(diǎn),則SKIPIF1<0有實(shí)數(shù)根,得出SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,分類討論,分別求得當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0的范圍,即可求解.【詳解】解:∵拋物線SKIPIF1<0與x軸有交點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0有實(shí)數(shù)根,∴SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0解得:SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),如圖所示,
依題意,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,解得:SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0
綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì),熟練掌握二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.7.(2023·四川廣安·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖所示,二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為常數(shù),SKIPIF1<0的圖象與SKIPIF1<0軸交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.有下列結(jié)論:①SKIPIF1<0;②若點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0均在拋物線上,則SKIPIF1<0;③SKIPIF1<0;④SKIPIF1<0.其中正確的有()
A.1個(gè) B.2個(gè) C.3個(gè) D.4個(gè)【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)二次函數(shù)圖像的性質(zhì)、二次函數(shù)圖像與系數(shù)的關(guān)系以及與SKIPIF1<0軸交點(diǎn)問題逐項(xiàng)分析判斷即可.【詳解】解:由圖可知,二次函數(shù)開口方向向下,與SKIPIF1<0軸正半軸交于一點(diǎn),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0.故①正確.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0是關(guān)于二次函數(shù)對稱軸對稱,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0在對稱軸的左邊,SKIPIF1<0在對稱軸的右邊,如圖所示,
SKIPIF1<0.故②正確.SKIPIF1<0圖象與SKIPIF1<0軸交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0.故③正確.SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.故④不正確.綜上所述,正確的有①②③.故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了二次函數(shù)圖像與系數(shù)之間的關(guān)系,解題的關(guān)鍵在于通過圖像判斷對稱軸,開口方向以及與SKIPIF1<0軸交點(diǎn).8.(2023·浙江寧波·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,下列說法正確的是(
)A.點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在該函數(shù)的圖象上B.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0且SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0C.該函數(shù)的圖象與x軸一定有交點(diǎn)D.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),該函數(shù)圖象的對稱軸一定在直線SKIPIF1<0的左側(cè)【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),逐一進(jìn)行判斷即可.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí):SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即:點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0不在該函數(shù)的圖象上,故A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴拋物線的開口向上,對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,∴拋物線上的點(diǎn)離對稱軸越遠(yuǎn),函數(shù)值越大,∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最大值為SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0有最小值為SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤;∵SKIPIF1<0,∴該函數(shù)的圖象與x軸一定有交點(diǎn),故選項(xiàng)C正確;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),拋物線的對稱軸為:SKIPIF1<0,∴該函數(shù)圖象的對稱軸一定在直線SKIPIF1<0的右側(cè),故選項(xiàng)D錯(cuò)誤;故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì).熟練掌握二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì),是解題的關(guān)鍵.考向五二次函數(shù)參數(shù)問題9.(2023·內(nèi)蒙古通遼·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,拋物線SKIPIF1<0與x軸交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,下列四個(gè)結(jié)論:①SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0;③SKIPIF1<0;④不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集為SKIPIF1<0.其中正確結(jié)論的個(gè)數(shù)是(
)
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)函數(shù)圖象可得出a,b,c的符號即可判斷①,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0即可判斷②;根據(jù)對稱軸為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0可判斷③;SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0數(shù)形結(jié)合即可判斷④.【詳解】解:∵拋物線開口向上,對稱軸在y軸右邊,與y軸交于正半軸,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故①正確.∵當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故②錯(cuò)誤.∵拋物線SKIPIF1<0與x軸交于兩點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,其中SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故③正確;設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,如圖:
由圖得,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故④正確.綜上,正確的有①③④,共3個(gè),故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì),根據(jù)二次函數(shù)的圖象及性質(zhì)巧妙借助數(shù)學(xué)結(jié)合思想解決問題是解題的關(guān)鍵.10.(2023·四川瀘州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)已知二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0(其中SKIPIF1<0是自變量),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)對應(yīng)的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0均為正數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【分析】首先根據(jù)題意求出對稱軸SKIPIF1<0,然后分兩種情況:SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0,分別根據(jù)二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)求解即可.【詳解】∵二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0,∴對稱軸SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),∵當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)對應(yīng)的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0均為正數(shù),∴此時(shí)拋物線與x軸沒有交點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0,∴解得SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),∵當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)對應(yīng)的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0均為正數(shù),∴當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴解得SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴綜上所述,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)對應(yīng)的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0均為正數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0的取值范圍為SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】此題考查了二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),解題的關(guān)鍵是分兩種情況討論.11.(2023·山東煙臺(tái)·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,拋物線SKIPIF1<0的頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,與SKIPIF1<0軸的一個(gè)交點(diǎn)位于0合和1之間,則以下結(jié)論:①SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0;③若圖象經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0;④若關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的一元二次方程SKIPIF1<0無實(shí)數(shù)根,則SKIPIF1<0.其中正確結(jié)論的個(gè)數(shù)是(
)
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】C【分析】根據(jù)圖象,分別得出a、b、c的符號,即可判斷①;根據(jù)對稱軸得出SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)圖象得出當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,即可判斷②;分別計(jì)算兩點(diǎn)到對稱軸的距離,再根據(jù)該拋物線開口向下,在拋物線上的點(diǎn)離對稱軸越遠(yuǎn),函數(shù)值越小,即可判斷③;將方程SKIPIF1<0移項(xiàng)可得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)該方程無實(shí)數(shù)根,得出拋物線SKIPIF1<0與直線SKIPIF1<0沒有交點(diǎn),即可判斷④.【詳解】解:①∵該拋物線開口向下,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵該拋物線的對稱軸在y軸左側(cè),∴SKIPIF1<0,∵該拋物線于y軸交于正半軸,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故①正確,符合題意;②∵SKIPIF1<0,∴該拋物線的對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,把SKIPIF1<0得:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,由圖可知:當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故②不正確,不符合題意;③∵該拋物線的對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0到對稱軸的距離為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0到對稱軸的距離為SKIPIF1<0,∵該拋物線開口向下,∴在拋物線上的點(diǎn)離對稱軸越遠(yuǎn),函數(shù)值越小,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,故③正確,符合題意;④將方程SKIPIF1<0移項(xiàng)可得SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0無實(shí)數(shù)根,∴拋物線SKIPIF1<0與直線SKIPIF1<0沒有交點(diǎn),∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0.故④正確綜上:正確的有:①③④,共三個(gè).故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì),解題的關(guān)鍵是掌握根據(jù)二次函數(shù)圖象判斷各系數(shù)的方法,熟練掌握二次函數(shù)的圖象和性質(zhì).考向六二次函數(shù)交點(diǎn)問題11.(2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題)如圖,二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與x軸交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),下列說法正確的是(
)
A.拋物線的對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0 B.拋物線的頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn)之間的距離為SKIPIF1<0 D.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的值隨SKIPIF1<0值的增大而增大【答案】C【分析】待定系數(shù)法求得二次函數(shù)解析式,進(jìn)而逐項(xiàng)分析判斷即可求解.【詳解】解:∵二次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的圖象與x軸交于SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩點(diǎn),∴SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0∴二次函數(shù)解析式為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,對稱軸為直線SKIPIF1<0,頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)為SKIPIF1<0,故A,B選項(xiàng)不正確,不符合題意;∵SKIPIF1<0,拋物線開口向上,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的值隨SKIPIF1<0值的增大而減小,故D選項(xiàng)不正確,不符合題意;當(dāng)SK
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