人教版中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：初中英語(yǔ)

英語(yǔ)學(xué)案之賓語(yǔ)從句

1.在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫賓語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也

可做介詞的賓語(yǔ)。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ))

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介詞賓語(yǔ))

2.賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有三類：

(1)以that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)句形式的賓語(yǔ)從句，that可以省

略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.

Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

⑵以連接代詞which,what,who等或連接副詞how,where,why等引導(dǎo)的賓

語(yǔ)從句，從句是陳述語(yǔ)序eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu?

Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.

(3)以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑

問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.

3.賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

(1)當(dāng)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、或一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句可用

所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.

Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow?

(2)當(dāng)主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，從句要用于過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)。

egjheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.

Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.

⑶當(dāng)從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews

注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。

1.當(dāng)從句做介詞的賓于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.

2.引導(dǎo)詞與動(dòng)詞不定式或not連用時(shí)、只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?

3.if當(dāng)如果講時(shí)，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句，這時(shí)不能用whether.

eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting.

例題解析：舉一反三，學(xué)的更輕松！

1.Theteacheraskedthestudents.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhave

planted

解析：賓語(yǔ)從句中從句應(yīng)保持陳述語(yǔ)序，答案B首先刪去，主句一般過(guò)去式,

從句要用于過(guò)去有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，刪去答案C和D,答案A中的if意為如果.

應(yīng)選A

2.Couldyoutellme?

A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyou

C.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwithyou.

解析：what就是從句的主語(yǔ)，what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陳述語(yǔ)

序，因此刪掉A;主句可看作是委婉的請(qǐng)求，并是一般過(guò)去式，可刪去答案B;

wrong前不用加the,因此此題選C.

3.HeaskedmeIcouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn."

A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that

解析：此句應(yīng)選含有疑問(wèn)意思的關(guān)系代詞，故刪去D；weather意為天氣，

根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A.

4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoonroundtheearth.

A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns

解析：從句是一個(gè)客觀真理，因此從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響。應(yīng)選D

5.Itmakesnodifference.

A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.

B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam

C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot

D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot

解析：答案A和B從句不是陳述語(yǔ)序先刪掉,if不能與not連用。因此此題選

D

6.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

解析：what表示職業(yè)，因此選B.

7.1amsureyousaidistrue.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who

解析：根據(jù)句意應(yīng)用what,做said的內(nèi)容，你所說(shuō)的話。應(yīng)選A.

8.Theoldmantoldusand.

A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit

C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo

解析：疑問(wèn)詞what即連接不定式，又做do的賓語(yǔ)；而在how引導(dǎo)的不定

式短語(yǔ)中，how表示方式，do為及物動(dòng)詞，因此需接賓語(yǔ)才正確

應(yīng)選C

練習(xí)與鞏固：1.一DoyouknowwhentheWorldCupnextweek?

---NextFriday.Whenit,Iwillringyou.

A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.will

begin,begins

2.---Todayortomorrow?

---Whatareyoutalkingabout?

---WearetalkingabouttogiveatalkonWTO.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

3.1wonder.

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelive

C.heliveswhereD.wherehelives

4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.

---1don'tknowIcandoitifnotnow.

A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how

5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme?

---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.

A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn

C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn

6.Thephotographwillshowyou.

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

7.---Canyouguessiftheytoplaybasketballwithus?

---1thinkthey'llcomeiftheyfree.

A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.

come,willbe

8.—Wheredoeshecomefrom?

---Pardon?

---1askedwhere.

A....didhecomefromB.hecamefrom

C.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom

9.Shewondered.

A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidfor

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