高中英語Unit 1 A land of diversity教師版

選修8Unit1Alandofdiversity

Period1Reading

Stepl:Warmingup

匚.為單詞選擇正確的釋義

1.ArcticA.插入；嵌入

2.ministryB.權(quán)威；權(quán)力

3.federalC.申請人

4.aircraftD.移民；移民入境

5.immigrationE.售票員；列車員；指揮

6.nephewF.聯(lián)邦制的；同盟的

7.applicantG.關(guān)切的；體貼的；深思的

8.conductorH.處罰；懲罰

9.punishmentI.侄子；外甥

10.authorityJ.飛行器；航空器；飛機(jī)

11.thoughtfulK.北極的；北極區(qū)的

12.insertL.（政府的）部；神職；牧師的職位

答案：1-K2-L3-F4-J5-D6-17-C

8-E9-H10-B11-G12-A

.根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出單詞

1.海峽2.方法；手段

3.橫渡；橫越；十字路口；人行橫道4.n.&〃切.代理；副職

5.海關(guān)；關(guān)稅；進(jìn)口稅6.近.發(fā)出；出現(xiàn)

7.W.&H.刮；剃8.閘；剎車；制動器

9.n.角；角度10.正義；公平

11.adj.公民的；國內(nèi)的；民間的

答案：l.straitl.means3.crossing4.vice5.customs

6.occur7.shave8.brake9.anglelO.justice11.civil

匚根據(jù)英語釋義寫出單詞

1.：clearlydifferentorofadifferentkind

2.：thelargestpartofagroupofpeopleorthings

3.：asituationthatisdifficultandunpleasantbecauseyoudonothaveenough

money,food,clothes,etc.

4.：tochoosesomebodytodoaparticularjobbyvotingforthem

5.：thenumber,amountsrateofsomething,expressedasifitispartofatotalwhich

is100

6.：happeningorexistingbetweenpeopleofdifferentraces

7.：asuddenincreaseintradeandeconomicactivity；aperiodofwealthandsuccess

8?：suggestthepossibilityofsth

9.：clearlyseen;obvious

10.：allowusingsthbygivingsomemoney

11.：seize(sb/sth)withhandorunderstand(sth)fully

12.：grateful

13.：beindeepsorrow

14.：makesthbetterbychanging

15.：notanywhere

答案：1.distinctl.majority3.hardship4.elect

5.percentage6.racial7.boom8.indicate

9.apparentlO.hire11.graspIZ.thankful

13.mourn14.reform15.nowhere

.選用正確短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子

itislikelythat；inadditionto；itisbelievedthat；keepup；

alargepercentage；bythetime；bymeansof；makealife；

liveon；themajorityof

1.Thegovernmenthastakenmeasurestomakethiscustom.

2.It'snoteasytoinanewcity.

3.Willthefineweather?

4.peoplepreferpeacetowar.

5.Themansucceededworkingtwiceashardasothers.

6.rilhavefinishedmyhomeworkyoucome.

7.ofschoolbooksnowhavepictures.

8.analbum,Igavehimapenandapencil.

9.atleastascoreofbuildingsweredamagedordestroyed.

10.Ithinkhewillarrivetomorrow.

答案：l.liveon2.makealife3.keepup4.Themajorityof

5.bymeansof6.bythetime7.Alargepercentage

8.Inadditionto9.1twasbelievedthat

10.itislikelvthat

ISJ篇理斛

Step2:FastReading課文表層理解

□.判斷正(T)誤(F)

1.CaliforniaisthelargeststateintheUSAandhasthelargestpopulation.()

2.ThenativeAmericansaretreatedwellafterthearrivalofEuropeans.()

3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCaliforniaythemajoritywerereligiousmen.()

4.Intheearly1800s,RussiansbegansettlinginCalifornia.()

5.Inthelate19thcentury,ChineseimmigrantsarrivedinCalifornia.()

答案：LF2.F3.T4.T5,F

匚讀課文，完成表格

StagePeopleTimeEvent

2.1500sArrivedfirst

Native1.______

Natives1600s3.

1500sTook4.

1800sRuledbySpain

SpanishSpanish

1821Became5.

6.GiventotheUSA

Settledin

7.______Russians1800s

8._

SouthDiscovered&Rush

1848

Americans,for9.

Goldminers

Europeans^

10.______Becameastate

Asians

答案:1.Americans2.Asians3.Sufferedgreatly

4.thenatives*land5.partofMexico6.1846

7.Russians8.California9,gold10.1850

Step3:Carefulreading課文深層理解

□.主旨匹配

Partl(Para.l)A.Thehistoryaboutpeoplefromdifferentcountriesmovingto

California.

Part2(Paras,2?9)B.ThefutureofCalifornia.

Part3(Para.lO)C.AbriefintroductiontoCalifornia.

答案：Part1—CPart2—APart3—B

口.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheGoldRush?

A.OnlyafewpeoplebecamerichintheGoldRush.

B.ManypeoplediedintheGoldRush.

C.IthappenedduringtheAmerican-Mexicanwar.

D.SouthAmericanswereamongthefirsttoarrivetolookforgold.

2.Howmanykindsofpeoplearementionedinthistext?

A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.

3.What'sthemainreasonthatChineseimmigrantscametoCalifornia?

A.Forgold.B.Forthebuildingoftherailway.

C.Toopenrestaurants.D.ToliveintheChinatown.

4.Itcanbeinferredthat.

A.EuropeanandJewishpeoplecametomakefilmsinHollywood,California

B.peoplefromMexicocametoworkintheshipandaircraftindustries

C.IndiansandPakistanisaregoodatmakingcomputers

D.therewillbemoreracialorculturalgroupsbecausemorepeoplearearrivingin

California

5.What*sthetopicofthispassageabout?

A.ThecultureofCalifornia.B.ThehistoryofCalifornia.

C.ThepopulationofCalifornia.D.ThehistoryoftheUSA.

答案：l.C2.C3.B4.D5.B

.領(lǐng)會下列句子所用的句型并嘗試譯成漢語

1.However,itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteen

thousandyearsago.

2.ItalsohasthedistinctionofbeingthemostmulticulturalstateintheUSA,havinc

attractedpeoplefromallovertheworld.

3.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCaliforniaynoonereally

knows.

4.Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

5.Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbeno

distinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.

答案^

1.然而，美洲土著人可能至少在15000年以前就生活在加利福尼亞州了。

2.加州與眾不同之處在于它也是美國最具有多元文化的一個州，它吸引了來自世界各地的

人們。

3.最早的一批人是在什么時候來到我們現(xiàn)在所知道的加利福尼亞州地區(qū)的，誰也說不清楚。

4.這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。

5.人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種主要的

種族或文化群體，而是多種族、多文化的混合體。

匚課文縮寫

CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAanditalsohasthe1.ofbeing

themostmulticulturalstateintheUSA.Thefirstsettlers2.theBeringStraitfrom

AsiaandarrivedinCalifornia.ThenativeAmericans3.afterthearrivalof

Europeansinthe16thcentury.Inthe18thcentury,CaliforniawasruledbySpainuntil1821

WhenthepeopleofMexico4.fromSpain.Califbrniathenbecamepartof

Mexico.ButaftertheAmerican-Mexicanwarin1846,Californiawas5.tothe

USA.

In1848,inCaliforniagoldwas6.,whichattractedpeoplefromalloverthe

worldtoarrivethereto7.ofbecomingrich.ln1850,Californiabecamethe31st

stateoftheUSAasamulticulturalsociety.8.bytheclimateandlifestyle,moreand

morepeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldhavebeenimmigratingtoCalifornia,

9.Asians9Africans,AmericansandEuropeans.10.，Californiawillbecome

amixtureofmanyracesandcultureswithoutanymajorracialorculturalgroups.

答案：1.distinctionl.crossed3.sufferedgreatly

4.gainedtheirindependence5.givenback

6.discovered7.achievetheirdreams8.Attracted

9.includinglO.Inthenearfuture

Step4:Homework

Tofinishthepartofworkinexercisebook.

Period2languagepoints

教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

Learningaims:

1.Tomasterimportantwordsandexpressionsinthisperiod.

2.Tobeabletoreadthepassagebyskimmingandscanning.

3.Tolearnsomeusefulexpressionsforaskingforopinionsandgivingopinions.

Importantpoint:

Beabletousetheimportantwordsandexpressionsinthisperiodflexibly.

Difficultpoint:

Tomemorizetheusefulexpressionsforaskingforopinionsandgivingopinions.

［詞匯細(xì)解］

■奎）means〃?手段；方法

bythismeans通過這種方法

bymeansof用...辦法；借助....

byallmeans一定；務(wù)必；好的，當(dāng)然可以

bynomeans決不，一點(diǎn)也不（位于句首時，句子用部分倒裝）

byeverymeans用盡一切可能的辦法

（2015?重慶高考寫作）Inaddition,wehavemorechoicesbymeansofwildrelease.此外,通

過自由分享我們有更多的選擇。

□巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)|（單句語法填空）

Theytriedallmeans,whichpossibly（be）helpfuLbutunfortunatelynotameans

（have）workedsofar.

答案：are；has

U—MayIhavealookatyournewpen,Tom?

—Bymeans.Ifsgreattoshare.

答案：all

口（朗文P1277）MillionsofChineserelyonbicyclesastheirimportant（mean）of

transportation.

答案:means

能力提升|（高考小作文）

（陜西高考寫作）此外，懲罰絕不是一個幫助他們在精神上和身體上健康成長的明智選擇。

LFurthermore,punishmenttohelpthemgrowupmentallyand

physically.

答案：isbynomeansawisechoice

匚Furthermore,tohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(f到裝)

答案：bynomeansispunishmentawisechoice

'/majority大多數(shù)；大半

(1)a/themajorityof大多數(shù)..

beinthe/amajority構(gòu)成大部分/大多數(shù)

(2)minorityn.少數(shù)

intheminority占少數(shù)

(3)majorH.&v.主修；專業(yè)

majorin主修...；以....為專業(yè)

Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembersare

againstit.看來意見達(dá)成一致是不可能了，因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)委員會成員都表示反對。

□巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1(單句語法填空)

Themajority(be)ontheEngland'steam,whichgreatlydisappointedthem.

答案：were/was

ThemurdershockedtheAmericans,themajorityofwhom(be)peace-lovingand

non-violent.

答案：are

One-thirdofthecountrycoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthe

citizensblackpeople.(be)

答案：is；are

IgraduatedfromChongqingNormalUniversityand(majority)ininformation

management.

答案：majored

能力提升|(高考小作文)

(2013?廣東高考寫作)大部分市民認(rèn)為普通的工作無聊甚至無價值。

anordinaryjobboringorevenvalueless.

答案：Themajorityofcitizensconsider

與takein包括；吸收；理解；欺騙

一詞多義寫出下列句中takein的含義

匚Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday,takingeverythingin.包括

Don'tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.欺騙

Ifounditeasytotakeinwhattheteacherhadtaught.理解

□Imanagedtorentabigenoughhousetotakeinahandfulofpeoplejfe^

takeofF起飛；匆匆離去；脫下；大獲成功

takeon呈現(xiàn)；雇用

takeover接收；接管；取代

takeup占去；占據(jù)；開始；從事

巧學(xué)巧練——用take短語填空

LSomestudentsfoundithardtowhattheirteacherhadtaught,sotheyasked

himtoexplainitagain.

答案：takein

一BillGatesisreallyagreatman,whosecareerinhisearlythirties.

答案：tookoff

Inthepastfewyears,thevillagehasanewlook.

答案：takenon

匚SinceJerryisabsenttoday,let'sgetsomeoneelsetotheworkwhereitwasleft

offyesterday.

答案：takeup

二三occurW.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)

sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事

Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...

某人突然想起……

Itoccurstosb.todosth.

某人突然做某事

Iwasgoingalongthestreetlookingfbraplacetoparkwhentheaccidentoccurred.我正沿街

尋找停車點(diǎn)時，突然發(fā)生了事故。

□巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)|（一句多譯）

他忽然想起他把鑰匙忘在辦公室里了。

□hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.

答案：Itoccurredtohimthat

匚hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.

答案：Ithithimthat

□hehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.

答案:Itstruckhimthat

I能力提升1（高考小作文）

（2014?遼寧高考書面表達(dá)）你需要和你奇妙的創(chuàng)新一起提交一份報告，解釋你是怎么想到

這個點(diǎn)子的，你用的是什么材料。

Alongwithyourwonderfulinnovation,youneedtohandinareport,

andwhatmaterialsyouuse.

答案：explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyou

至indicateM指出；標(biāo)示；表明；暗示

（Vindicatesth.tosb.向某人指出、暗示某物

indicatethat...示意；表明;暗示；說明

（2）indicationn.暗示；表示；預(yù)兆

Hisattitudeindicatesthatheisnotveryhappywithwhatyouaredoing.他的態(tài)度暗示他對

你的所作所為很不高興。

□巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)|（單句語法填空）

LThereisagreatdealofevidence（indicate）thatlisteningtosoftmusiccan

reducestress.

答案：indicating

Aredskyatnightisoftenan（indicate）offineweatherthenextday.

答案：indication

I能力提升1（高考小作文）

（北京卷寫作）正如圖片中顯示，如果這個人愿意尋找其他的可能性，他能找到一個更好

的、更有益的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)他的目標(biāo)。

,ifthemaniswillingtolookfbrotherpossibilities,hecanfinda

betterandmorerewardingway.

答案：Asisindicatedinthepicture；toachievehisgoal

與makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等；謀生

（l）cometolife蘇醒；變得活躍

live/leada...life過著...生活

comebacktolife蘇醒過來；恢復(fù)

生氣

bring...backtolife使...蘇醒過來;給....活力

（2）make/eama/one'sliving謀生

TheysettleddowninCanadaandmadealifefbrthemselves.他們在加拿大定居下來，習(xí)慣

了新的生活方式。

巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1（完成句子）

匚TheywenttotheWestanddecidedto（倉U造新生活）there.

答案：makeanewlife

Inmyopinion,itisnotsohelpfultogivesomeonesomebreadasitistoteach

him（如何謀生）.

答案：howtomakealiving

能力提升1（高考小作文）

（2014?江西高考書面表達(dá)）在接下來的三年，我們的學(xué)校生活將會非常具有挑戰(zhàn)性，你會

努力習(xí)慣新的生活方式。

Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbechallengingand

答案：youwilltrytomakealifeforyourself

［句型突破］

Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecond

language.

這就是今天有超過40%的加利福尼亞人把西班牙語作為第一或第二語言的原因。

（l）This/Thatiswhy...這/那就是為什么...

（2）That,sbecause…這是因?yàn)?..

（3）Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...

……的原因是……

Tomwasverylazy.Thatwaswhyheneverachievedanythinginhislife.

湯姆很懶，那就是他一生碌碌無為的原因。

□巧學(xué)巧練

基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)1（單句語法填空）

——HaveyouheardthenewsthathewasadmittedintoBeijingUniversity?

-Yes,that'sheworkedsohardallthetime,sohiseffortspaidoff.

答案：because

□—Yousee,rmpoorinmath,butgoodatEnglish,whileyouaregoodatmath,but

weakinEnglish.

一That'sweshouldhelpeachother.

答案：why

LThereasonTomcamelateforthemeetingwasthathewasill.

答案：why

能力提升|（句型轉(zhuǎn)換）

Hehadanurgentthingtodealwith.Thatwaswhyhedidn'tattendthemeeting.

—Hedidn'tattendthemeeting.hehadanurgentthingtodealwith.

答案：That'sbecause

Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewill

benodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesand

cultures.人們認(rèn)為，要不了多久，多種國籍的混合將會非常之大，以至于不可能存在一種明

顯主要的種族或文化群體，而只是多種族、多文化的混合體。

disbelievedthat…人們認(rèn)為...。在該句型中，it是形式主語，that引導(dǎo)主語從句。

ItisgenerallybelievedthatIThasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.人們普遍認(rèn)為信息技

術(shù)既有優(yōu)點(diǎn)又有缺點(diǎn)。

Ifssaidthat...據(jù)說...

Ifsreportedthat...據(jù)報道...

It'shopedthat...大家希望...

It,swell-knownthat...眾所周知...

It'sthoughtthat...大家認(rèn)為...

Ifssuggestedthat...據(jù)建議...

Itishopedthatthecostofmedicalcarecanbecutdown.

人們希望醫(yī)療費(fèi)能夠降低。

□巧學(xué)巧練——句型轉(zhuǎn)換

Itisbelievedthateducationisthemostimportantissuefacingthegovernment.

—>Education___________________________________themostimportantissuefacingthe

government.

答案：isbelievedtobe

Itisreportedthatthewaypeoplespendtheirholidayshaschangedagreatdealinthepast

tenyears.

—Thewaypeoplespendtheirholidays____________________________________________

agreatdealinthepasttenyears.

答案：isreportedtohavechanged

Itissaidthattheteacherisverystrictwithhisstudents.

—Theteacherverystrictwithhisstudents.

答案：issaidtobe

Period3Grammar：NounClauses

Teachingaims:

1.help90%studentsgrasptheNounClauses

2.help80%studentsmastertheNounClauses

考點(diǎn)一主語從句

1.引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞：連接詞that,whether；連接代詞what,who,whose,whatever,

whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how。

口(2014?陜西卷)Whenthedelayedflightwilltakeoffdependsmuchontheweather.

延遲的飛機(jī)何時起飛在很大程度上取決于天氣。

□Thattheywereintruthsisterswasclearfromthefacialsimilaritybetweenthem.

從她們的面貌相似度就能清楚地看出是親姐妹。

□(2013?重慶卷)Whatstruckmemostinthemoviewasthefather'sdeeplovefbrhisson.

影片中最打動我的是父親對他兒子深厚的愛。

易混辨析

whether與if引導(dǎo)主語從句的區(qū)別:主語從句位于主句謂語動詞前，表“是否”，只能用whether,

不可用if引導(dǎo)；若用it作形式主語，則if與whethei?可互換。

□Whetherwecanhavecleandrinkingwaterliesinwhateffectivemeasureswillbetakenbythe

governmentaboutwaterpollution.

我們能否有干凈的飲用水依賴于政府將采取什么樣的有效措施處理水污染問題。

□Itremainstobeseenwhetherornotthisideacanbeputintopractice.

這一想法能否付諸實(shí)踐還有待觀察。

2.主語從句一般放在句首，但常用it作形式主語，而將主語從句移到句子的末尾。常見的

句型：

(l)It+be+形容詞(necessary/likely/important/certain等)+that從句

(2)It+be+名詞(短語)(apity/ashame/nowonder等)+that從句

(3)It+be+過去分詞(said/told/reported/decided等)+that從句

(4)It+不及物動詞(seem,appear,h叩pen,matter等)+that從句

□It'snosurprisethatourteamhaswonthegame.

我們隊(duì)獲勝一點(diǎn)都不令人吃驚。

□ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofFtillnextMonday.

會議被推遲到下周一召開已經(jīng)定下來了。

考點(diǎn)二表語從句

1.引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞:連接詞that,whether；連接代詞what,who,whose,whatever,

whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how,從句用陳述語序。

Jerrydidnotregretgivingthecommentbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.

杰里不后悔給出評論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方法來表達(dá)的。

□PdHketostartmyownbusiness—that'swhatTddoifIhadthemoney.我愿意自己創(chuàng)業(yè)----

那就是如果我有錢將會做的事情。

2.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句

asi#asthough引導(dǎo)的表語從句常跟在be動詞，seem,look,taste,sound,feeLappear

等動詞之后。

Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwasasifagreatblackblankethadbeenthrown

overit.

厚重的煙霧覆蓋著整個城市。好像把一個厚厚的黑色的毯子扔到它的上面。

3.because,why引導(dǎo)的表語從句

because,why也可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但because引導(dǎo)的表語從句，主語不能是reason或

cause（該結(jié)構(gòu)常用that引導(dǎo)）。常用于以下句型：

This/Thatiswhy...這/那是...的原因。

<

This/Thatisbecause…這/那是因?yàn)?..

□（2013?安徽卷）Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseaboutseventy-onepercentofits

surfaceiscoveredbywater.從太空中看，地球是藍(lán)色的。這是因?yàn)榈厍虮砻娲蠹s71%被水所

覆蓋。

□Thereasonwhyhedidn'tpasstheexamwasthathewastoocareless.

他沒有通過考試的原因是他太粗心了。

考點(diǎn)三賓語從句

1.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的連接詞：連接詞that,whether,if；連接代詞what,who,whose,whatever,

whichever,whoever等；連接副詞when,where,why,how,從句用陳述語序。

Wepromisewhoeverattendsthepartyachancetohaveaphototakenwiththemoviestar.我。］

許諾，任何參加這個聚會的人都有跟那個電影明星合影的機(jī)會。

口（2015,北京卷）1trulybelievethatbeautycomesfromwithin.我確信美來自內(nèi)心。

2.it作形式賓語的賓語從句

（1）一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補(bǔ)足語時，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語

從句后置。常見的這類動詞有：find,feel,think,consider,believe,guess,suppose,make

等。

Hehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbepostponed.他清楚地表明會議不會被推遲。

⑵動詞hate,like,dislike,appreciate,enjoy等表示“喜歡”“厭惡”的動詞以及一些動詞短語

seeto,dependon,relyon等常用it作形式賓語，而將賓語從句后置。

Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.你不在的時候，我負(fù)責(zé)把他

照顧好。

考點(diǎn)四同位語從句

1.同位語從句通常用that引導(dǎo)，that無詞義也不作成分，但是不能省略，從句用陳述語序。

同位語從句還可用whether,when,where,why,how等引導(dǎo)。

2.接同位語從句的常見名詞：fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,belief,

thought,doubt,promise,question等。

□Imadeapromisetomyselfthatthisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.我給

自己做出承諾：今年，是我上高中的第一年，將會與以往不同。

□Ihavenoideawherethejournalistcouldhavegothisinformationfrom.

我不知道那個記者從哪里得到的消息。

巧學(xué)巧練

單句語法填空

1.（2015-課標(biāo)全國卷口）Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredout

exactlythicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.

答案：how

2.（2015?重慶卷改編）WemustfindoutKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.

答案：when

3.（2015,北京卷改編）weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.

答案：How

4.（2015?山東師大附中一模改編）Hisfavoritefoodisfriedsnacksandsoftdrinks.ltisno

surpriselosingweightisjusthisdream.

答案：that

5.（2015?浙江臨海二調(diào)改編）parentssayanddousuallyhasalife-longeffectontheir

children.

答案：What

6.（2015?福建福州八中第六次質(zhì)檢改編）TheObamagovernmenthasreformedontax

system.Whatpeopledoubtisitwilldothemanygood.

答案：whether

7.（2015,福建福州二模改編）Theproblemisonelesshourofsleepisnotequaltoan

extrahourofachievement.

答案：that

8.（2015?天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考改編）Thereisastrongpossibilitymanwillmainlydepend

onsolarenergyinthefuture.

答案：that

□.單句語法填空

1.（2015?龍口模擬）Heworkedveryhard.Ifsnowonderhegotthefirstprize.

答案：that

2.（2015?臨沂模擬）weshouldhelpafallenoldpersonornotremainsaheatedtopicin

China.

答案：Whether

3.（2015,福建安溪模擬改編）Successpartiallydependsonyouhavethepatiencetodo

simplethingsperfectly.

答案：whether

4.（2015,福建泉州檢測改編）Thefatherandhissongotlostinthemountainandtheyhadto

eatfoodtheycouldfindthere.

答案：whatever

5.（2015?江西九江市三模）Thereisapopularviewinthecitystrangersarelesslikelyto

helpanelderlyperson.

答案：that

6.（2015?湖南岳陽一中檢測改編）MrWhiteisopposedtorepairingtheoldbuilding,and

that'sIdon'tagree.

答案：where

7.（2015,北京西城一模改編）一Couldyougivemesomeadviceongettingajob?

—First,findoutyoulikedoingbest.

答案：what

8.（2015,福建三明質(zhì)檢改編）Hedidn'tmakeclearwhenandwherethemeetingwould

beheld.

答案：it

9.（2015?湖南株洲二中月考改編）Withanoptimisticattitudeandastrongwill,wecan

overcomedifficultieswemightmeetwithandachieveourgoals.

答案：whatever

10.（2015?重慶一中一診改編）Toimprovethequalityofourproducts,weaskedfor

suggestionshadusedtheproducts.

答案：whoever

11.（2012?天津卷改編）Itdoesn'tmatteryouturnrightorleftatthecrossing一bothroads

leadtothepark.

答案：if7whether

12.（2015?安徽蚌埠一模改編）Whenyoulookatgreateffectstheclimatehasonourlife,

youwillagreethatitisthemostseriousproblem.

答案：what

13.（2015?安徽蕪湖三校一模）yousaidisrightbecauseyouaremymother.

答案：Whatever

14.（2014?四川卷改編）Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,"That'sIwasborn.”

答案：where

15.（2015?黃山七校聯(lián)考改編）WhatsurprisedMrLeemostwas,Ithink,Clementhad

donehisworkneatlyandcorrectly.

答案：that

匚單句語法改錯

1.（2015-M4t5i^J$?t&）FinallyIwanttoexpressmyhopewhichalltheyoungerfellowscan

makefulluseoftime.

答案：which—that

2.（2015?黑龍江大慶中學(xué)模擬）Butthesalesgirldidn'tunderstandthattheforeignerwassaying.

答案：that-what

3.Thenewswhathediedinthebattlehasgonearoundinthevillage.

答案：what—>that

4.Thereisnodoubtwhetherourcompanywillmakegreaterandgreatercontributionstothe

developmentofJinan.

答案：whether—>that

5.Thequestionisifwecangetenoughmoneyfortheproject.

答案：if—whether

6.TodaytheworldispayingmuchmoreattentiontothatChinasaysanddoes.

答案：that—what

7.It'sagreatpitywhatwewon'tbeabletofinishthetaskontime.

答案：what—>that

8.WhatIhavebeenadmittedintotheBeijingUniversityexcitedme.

答案：What-That

9.Thereasonwhytheywerealwayspoorwaswhichtheypaidlittleattentiontoeducation.

答案：which—>that

10.Idon'tknowifornotTomhaspassedtheexamination.

答案：iJwhether

PeriodFiveReadingforWriting

A:-.7

如何寫描述地點(diǎn)的說明文

描寫或介紹某一地方的文章是說明文常見的形式之一，也是近幾年高考書面表達(dá)命題

的主要形式之一。

［寫作指導(dǎo)I

描寫一個地方，旨在介紹某個地方的位置、環(huán)境特征、氣候、人口、面積、交通、歷

史、名勝、自然資源等。其目的是使讀者對某一地方有清晰、客觀、準(zhǔn)確的認(rèn)識和了解。

一般要求語義連貫、語言流暢、邏輯嚴(yán)密，表達(dá)出要求表達(dá)的意思即可，所以可以把握如

下幾項(xiàng)技巧。

i.描寫一個地方應(yīng)該了解這個地方的自然環(huán)境、歷史名勝等，或者根據(jù)文章的寫作要

求具體描寫某一方面。

2.靈活運(yùn)用介詞短語、分詞短語、長短句等，表達(dá)需簡明扼要。

3.選擇適當(dāng)?shù)拿鑼戫樞?。可按照空間順序來描寫，如由遠(yuǎn)及近或由近及遠(yuǎn)，或者用先

概括后細(xì)化的手法，從不同的側(cè)面、角度來描寫。

4.靈活地使用比喻、擬人、夸張的修辭手法，使描述更加生動、形象。

［寫作積累I

（一）話題詞匯

customn.風(fēng)俗；習(xí)慣

civilizationn.文明；文化

developed〃4/?發(fā)達(dá)的

developing〃似發(fā)展中的

populationn.人口

immigrantn,移民

absorb以吸收

racen.種族

multicultural〃似多元文化的

takein包含；吸收

haveaneffecton對...有影響

besituatedin位于...

consistof由...組成

berichinnaturalresources自然資源豐富

(二)常用句式

1.位置(location)：

(l)liesin/to/on...

(2)Therestands...

(3)islocated/situatedin...

(4)stretchesalong...

2.