新教材2024高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)小題天天必練閱讀理解題型分類練十三

閱讀理解題型分類練(十三)詞句揣測(cè)題——句意揣測(cè)類A[2024·濟(jì)寧市高考模擬]When76-year-oldAntoinette-MarieWilliamsplayed17-year-oldEmmettDanielsinchessforthefirsttime,she__gave__Daniels__a__run__for__his__money.PairedthroughDOROT,aNewYorkorganizationwhichwaslaunchedin1976,theyareaperfectmatch.“Iwasagoodopponentforhim.Idon'tthinkheexpectedit.”WilliamstoldtheCVSHealthblogFortuneWell.TheirweeklygameshaveledDanielsandWilliamstoacross-generationalrelationshipthattheybothenjoy.WilliamsandDaniels'relationshipdisprovestheideathatpeopleofdifferentgenerationshavelittleincommon.Sinceitsfounding,DOROThasachievedareputationofexcellenceandinnovationinthefieldsofagingservices.Volunteersofyoungagesoffercriticalresourcestoolderadults,inservicesspecifictotheperson'sneedsandinterests,withtheultimategoaloflesseninglonelinessoftheold.Lonelinesshasbeenrecognizedasasignificantsocialissueformanyyears,buttheclassificationoflonelinessasanepidemic(流行病)hasemergedonlyinrecentyears.In2024,theUKgovernmentappointedaMinisterforLoneliness,highlightingtheincreasingconcernaroundtheissue.Thisfollowedthepublicationofthe2017reportbytheJoCoxLonelinessCommission,whichfoundthatlonelinesswasagrowingsocialepidemicandcalledforanationalstrategytoaddresstheissue.Fortunately,therearewaystobattleloneliness,includingtheinterventioninthelivesofisolatedseniorsbyorganizationslikeDOROT.Itadvocatesbuildingasupportnetworkbyreachingouttofamilyandfriends,joiningacommunityorsocialgroup,orvolunteeringtoconnectwithlike-mindedpeople.TheconnectionbetweenWilliamsandDanielsshowsthattheseinter-generationalrelationshipsplayanimportantroleinreducinglonelinessandaddingjoytothelivesofalltheparticipants,youngandold.Anotherwaytobattlelonelinessistousetechnologytostayconnectedwithlovedoneswhichfostersmeaningandpurposethroughonlineactivitiesandconversations.Practicingself-careisalsoencouraged,asisbeingpatientbecausestrongrelationshipstaketimeandefforttocreate.1．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphlprobablymean?A．ShehadarunningracewithDaniels.B．Danielsfeltdisappointed.C．Danielshadatoughwin.D．ShegaveDanielsmoneyasagiftofgreeting.2．WhatisthepurposeofDOROT?A．Tomaketechnologicalinnovation.B．Toenhancethelivingstandardsoftheelderly.C．Toofferjobopportunitiesforpeopleofallages.D.Toprovideseniorswithinter-generationalconnection.3．WhatdoestheauthortrytostressinParagraph3?A．Thesolutiontoloneliness.B．Therootcauseofloneliness.C．Theclassificationofloneliness.D．Thegrowingattentiontoloneliness.4．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperdoesthispassageprobablycomefrom?A．SocietyWatch.B．NewsExpress.C．PageTurner.D．ScienceStudy.B[2024·遼寧省試驗(yàn)中學(xué)第五次模擬]IfIhaveagoalinlife,itisn'ttobedrivingaRolls-Royce.It'stobegivingawaymorethan$1，000，000ayearandhavinganimpactonpeople'slives.IhavethesuccesstodaybecauseIalwayshadtoworkforwhatIwanted.Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomovingforward,nomatterwhat.In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.Theworld'seconomywasinabadstate,soIknewIwouldhavetodo__a__little__spinning__of__my__own．Youthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword“can't”wasn'tinmyvocabulary.IpartneredwithafriendbuyingdistressedmultifamilypropertiesaroundHouston.Eventhoughwewereenthusiasticandbackedwithstart-upsums,Ididn'tmakeadealwork.Myfriendmovedontootherprojects.Alone,Iputallmymoneyintothenextreal-estateproject.Iputthetimein,Idreamedit,butonceagainthedealfellthrough.Twomonthslater,though,thedealcamebackaround.Thatwaswhenthepathopened,luckchanged,andIwasreadytoformmyowncompany.Ihaven'tlookedback.Onlyahead.I'mnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500，000ayear,muchofthatgoingtoresearchtocurerarediseases.WealsosupportalotofservicesfordisadvantagedchildreninHoustonandotherplaces.Ihavealwaysbeensomeonewhocanseethebigpictureandhaveneverbeendistractedbythingsthatgetintheway.Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmayhavetochangethepath,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.5．Whichofthefollowingabouttheauthoristrue?A．Hedonatedalotofmoneytoimprovehiscompany'simage.B．Heoftenencountereddifficultiesintheprocessofgrowingup.C．Hestartedhisowncompanytogetherwithafriend.D．HechangedjobsseveraltimeswhileinLosAngeles.6．Bysaying“do__a__little__spinning__of__my__own”inthesecondparagraph,theauthorprobablymeanshewould________．A．lookforapart-timejobindependentlyB．makehiscontributionstotheeconomyC．giveintothedisappointingrealityD．beself-employedtodevelophiscareer7．Whichqualityoftheauthorisnotshowninthepassage?A．Perseverance.B．Optimism.C．Innocence.D．Kindness.8．Whichoneisprobablythebesttitleofthepassage?A．SayingNoto“TurningBack”B．TipsforaSuccessfulBusinessC．JumpingoverEconomicDownturnsD．ALife-timePursuitofDreamC[2024·遼寧省鞍山市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)]Wehavelongbeenattractedbyquicksolutionsthatcouldincreaseourintelligence.Today,people'shopeslieinbraintrainingapps,someofwhichclaimtoresultin“smarterminds”.Butisthisquicksolutionallitissaidtobe?Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術(shù)),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames.Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,thesmarteryouwillget.Itisreallyabigpromise.Manyoftheappssaytheyarebasedon“science”，aclaimIfoundsurprisingasaformerneuroscientist(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家).Theconceptthatincreasingintelligencewouldbeassimpleaspracticingafewmini-gameseverydayflies__in__the__face__ofwhatwehavediscoveredabouthowhumansthinkandlearn.Aftersurveyingthousandsofusersacrossawidevarietyofapps,researchersatWesternUniversityinCanadadiscoveredthatbraintraininghadnogreateffectoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)functioningintherealworld.Thepositiveeffectsthathavebeenfoundarelimitedtotheveryspecificmini-gamesandtasksthatusersaretrainedon,suchastheabilitytomemorizelistsofwordsornumbers,orperformmentalarithmetic,withlittlebenefittootherskills.Ifyouareexpectingthemtoimproveyourabilitytowriteanovelormakeacomplexcomputerprogram,Iamafraidyouwillwanttolookelsewhere.Puzzlevideogamessuchas“BabaIsYou”and“ReturnoftheObraDinn”，seeplayersapplytheirskillatlogic,memoryandconcentrationinafarmorecomplexwaythananybraintrainingmini-game.9．Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutbraintrainingapps?A.Theyhavescientificsupport.B．Theyworkintheformofgames.C．Theyrequireproblem-solvingskills.D．Theyarebasedoncomplexarithmetic.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“fliesinthefaceof”inParagraph3mean?A．Goesintodetailsof.B．Takesadvantageof.C．Goesagainst.D．Comesfrom.11．Whichbestdescribestheeffectsthatbraintrainingappshaveonmemory?A．Limited.B．Indirect.C．Damaging.D．Far-reaching.12．Whatistheauthor'sattitudeto“BabaIsYou”？A．Doubtful.B．Intolerant.C．Uninterested.D．Favorable.[答題區(qū)]題號(hào)123456789101112答案閱讀理解題型分類練(十三)A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在老齡化服務(wù)領(lǐng)域取得了卓越和創(chuàng)新的聲譽(yù)的DOROT。1．答案與解析：C詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段中“Iwasagoodopponentforhim.Idon'tthinkheexpectedit.”可知，對(duì)于17歲的EmmettDaniels來(lái)說(shuō)，他沒(méi)有想到76歲的Antoinette-MarieWilliams在圍棋方面的技藝超群，因此畫(huà)線句的含義為“Daniels贏得很辛苦。”故選C。2．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“TheirweeklygameshaveledDanielsandWilliamstoacross-generationalrelationshipthattheybothenjoy.”其次段“Sinceitsfounding,DOROThasachievedareputationofexcellenceandinnovationinthefieldsofagingservices.Volunteersofyoungagesoffercriticalresourcestoolderadults,inservicesspecifictotheperson'sneedsandinterests,withtheultimategoaloflesseninglonelinessoftheold.”可知，DOROT從建立起先在老齡化服務(wù)領(lǐng)域就取得了卓越和創(chuàng)新的聲譽(yù)，通過(guò)活動(dòng)，幫助老人和年輕人建立了彼此都寵愛(ài)的跨代關(guān)系，即：其目的是為老年人供應(yīng)代際聯(lián)系，故選D。3．答案與解析：D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段可知，英國(guó)政府通過(guò)任命特地人員來(lái)解決老年人孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題，突顯了人們對(duì)這一問(wèn)題的日益關(guān)注，因而作者在本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)政府對(duì)老人孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題的關(guān)注。故選D。4．答案與解析：A推理推斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了在老齡化服務(wù)領(lǐng)域取得了卓越和創(chuàng)新的聲譽(yù)的DOROT，同時(shí)在第三段中也提到了政府對(duì)老人孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題的關(guān)注。因而文章主要描述的是老齡化的孤獨(dú)問(wèn)題，所以文章可能來(lái)自“社會(huì)關(guān)注”版塊，故選A。B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述了作者在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中常常遇到困難，所以無(wú)論發(fā)生什么，都習(xí)慣了勇往直前。5．答案與解析：B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“Igrewupaccustomedtorisksanddisappointments,soIwasusedtomovingforward,nomatterwhat.”可知，B選項(xiàng)“他在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中常常遇到困難”正確。6．答案與解析：D詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中“In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.”可知，當(dāng)時(shí)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況很糟糕，所以作者要自主創(chuàng)業(yè)來(lái)發(fā)展自己的事業(yè)。由此推知，畫(huà)線部分意思是“自主創(chuàng)業(yè)來(lái)發(fā)展自己的事業(yè)”。故選D。7．答案與解析：C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“Youthinvolvesacertaininnocencebutalsoperseverance.Theword‘can't’wasn'tinmyvocabulary.”以及倒數(shù)其次段中“I'mnowabletogivebacktocommunitiesandcauses.Idonateabout$500，000ayear,muchofthatgoingtoresearchtocurerarediseases.”可知，作者單純的品質(zhì)在文章中沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。故選C。8．答案與解析：A主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段“Therearelessonstobelearned,andthebiggestofthoseistokeepgoing.Youmayhavetochangethepath,butalwayskeepthatvisioninfrontofyou.”及全文可知，文章主要講解并描述了作者在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中常常遇到困難，所以習(xí)慣了勇往直前，無(wú)論發(fā)生什么。由此可知，A選項(xiàng)“拒絕‘回頭’”最符合文章標(biāo)題。C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章探討了大腦訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序在提高認(rèn)知實(shí)力和智力方面的有效性，說(shuō)明白雖然這些應(yīng)用程序可以提高一些特定技能，例如算術(shù)和記憶實(shí)力，但對(duì)其他技能的好處有限，并且它們的整體有效性是值得懷疑的。作者還建議，解謎視頻嬉戲可能供應(yīng)了一種更困難和有效的訓(xùn)練認(rèn)知實(shí)力的方式。9．答案與解析：B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Thereareplentyofbraintrainingapps,buttheyallsharethesamecharacteristics:theyturnmentalexerciseslikesimplearithmetic(算術(shù)),memorytestsandlogicandpattern-matchingproblemsintoquickgames.”可知，腦力訓(xùn)練應(yīng)用程序的共同點(diǎn)是：把簡(jiǎn)潔的算術(shù)、記憶測(cè)試、邏輯匹配等腦力練習(xí)變成了快速嬉戲，它們以嬉戲的形式發(fā)揮作用。10．答案與解析：C詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)其次段中“Someappstellusthatthemoreyouplaythesemini-games,the