某中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高一年級下冊期末英語試題（解析版）

金陵中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期末考試

高一英語

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

A

Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuary

ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19

ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiesto

enjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.

GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,

https//:,$13.95forgeneraladmission$11.95formembers.

DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18

TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,including

thosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,artandphotographygifts.

OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa.

https//:,freeadmission.

FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4

OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,

featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,

snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferings

forsaleattheevent.

9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale

https//:,free.

YouthFineArtsCourseJan.l8-Mar.7

MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsand

knowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,

mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.

MesaArtCenter,IE.MainSt.,Mesa,

https//:,$93foradmission.

1.HowcanyougetadiscountwhenbuyingatickettotheZooLightsshow?

A.Bybringingafriend.B.Bybecomingamember.

C.Bybookingaticketonline.D.ByJoiningatourgroup

2.WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?

A.Havefreefood.B.Enjoyrealsnow.

C.Takeartclasses.D.Meetlocalartists

3.Whicheventlaststhelongest?

A.ZooLights:GlowWild.B.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.

C.FamilyFunWinterfest.D.YouthFineArtsCourses.

【答案】l.B2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個在一月份舉辦的家庭友好活動。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19部分中https//:,$13.95forgeneral

admission$11.95formembers.（https//:,普通門票13.95美元，會員11.95美元）“可知，

在購買ZooLights演出的門票時成為會員可以獲得折扣。故選B。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4部分中uOdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethird

annualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.（位于沙漠中的奧

德海水族館正在其沙漠庭院舉辦第三屆年度家庭趣味冬季活動，以真正的雪為特色，供孩子們玩耍）”可

知，在FamilyFunWinterfest可以欣賞真正的雪。故選B。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知ZooLights:GlowWild從一月一日到十九日；DowntownMesaFestivalofthe

Arts從一月四日到十八日；FamilyFunWinterfest在一月四日；YouthFineArtsCourse從一月十八日到三月

七日?？芍?，YouthFineArtsCourses持續(xù)時間最長。故選D。

WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,4tWell,Ispeak

perfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.

Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccenf,isthattheiraccentisdifferentfrom

thelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcould

giverisetoprejudice.Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itisthe

regulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon'thearityourself,youspeak

withsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,ifspointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!

Everypersonspeaksadialect(方言)，too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguage

thatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,9,Yougoteatornot?”(meaning

“Haveyoueaten?^^)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.Thefactthatthis

expressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn'tmeanthatSingaporeOral

Englishis“wrong"or"ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswell-formedandclearlycommunicative,accordingto

nativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers9solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit'sdifferent?

Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects-forthebenefitofeveryone.

Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Ina

globalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkaboutthe

culturesbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.

4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends9responseinparagraph1?

A.Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.

B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.

C.Itmissesthepointofcommunication.

D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.

5.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?

A.Tojustifytheuseofdialects.

B.Toshowthediversityofdialects.

C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.

D.Tohighlightatraditionalapproach.

6.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendustodointhelastparagraph?

A.Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect.

B.Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.

C.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.

D.Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers'.

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?

A.EveryoneHasanAccent

B.AccentsEnhanceOurIdentities

C.DialectsLeadtoMisunderstanding

D.StandardEnglishIsatRisk

【答案】4.D5,A6.C7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。主要論述了每個人都有口音。從這個意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是毫無意

義。語言差異可以幫助人們洞察他人的文化經(jīng)歷和背景，因此我們要欣賞口音和方言的價值。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段"WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthem

proudlyreplied,14Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.^^Butthiskindofmissesthepoint.（當(dāng)我向一些朋友提

到我們都有口音時，他們中的大多數(shù)人都自豪地回答說：“好吧，我的英語/漢語等都說得很好?！钡@種

說法沒有切中要害。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含義。故選D。

[5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Thesentenceiswell-fomiedandclearlycommunicative,accordingtonative

SingaporeEnglishspeakers'solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit'sdifferent?（根據(jù)新

加坡英語使用者堅實(shí)的語法體系，這個句子結(jié)構(gòu)良好，溝通清晰。為什么僅僅因為它不同就應(yīng)該是錯誤

的？）”可知，作者認(rèn)為不能因為它不同就認(rèn)為它是錯的。所以作者使用新加坡口語的例子是在為使用方言

進(jìn)行辯護(hù)。故選A。

6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段aLanguagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople'sculturalexperiences

andbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone'sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbe

happytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We'dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriends

alongtheway.（像這樣的語言差異可以洞察人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景。在一個全球化的時代，一個人說話的方

式是一個人身份的一個獨(dú)特部分。大多數(shù)人都樂于談?wù)撍麄冄葜v背后的文化。我們會更多地了解我們生活

的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。）”可知，作者在最后一段中建議我們欣賞口音和方言的價值。故選

Co

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二自然段“Inthissense,ifspointlesstopointoutthatsomeone4Chasanaccent".Wealldo!

（從這個意義上說，指出某人“有口音”是毫無意義的。我們都有?。币约暗谌?Everypersonspeaksa

dialect（方言）,too.（每個人也會說一種方言。）”可知，作者認(rèn)為每個人都有口音，而且作者在最后一段指

出不同的口音可以讓我們更多地了解我們生活的世界，并在這一過程中結(jié)交朋友。故A項“EveryoneHas

anAccent（每個人都有口音）”最能概括本文主旨。故選A。

C

Doyoueverhearafriendspeakonatopicwiththebeliefthat1'everyone,,thinksthesameway?Doyouoften

findyourselfsurroundedinasocialmediafeedthatiscompletelytailoredtoyouandyourbeliefs,readingalong

withouttheimmediaterealization?

Asocialmediaechochamber（回聲壁）iswhenoneexperiencesatailoredmediaexperiencethatleaveout

opposingviewpointsanddifferingvoices.SocialmediasiteslikeFacebook,Twitter,andYouTubeconnectgroups

oflike-mindeduserstogetherbasedonsharedcontentpreferences.Asaresult,peopleseeandtakeininformation

accordingtoourpreexistingbeliefsandopinions.Socialmediacompaniesthereforerelyonalgorithms（算法）to

assessourinterestsandflooduswithinformationthatwillkeepourattention.Thealgorithmsfocusonwhatwe

"like”,and“share“tokeepfeedingcontentthatmakesuscomfortable.

Inordertotrulygetaccesstoallinformationandtoevaluateourmedia,wemustgiveourselvesthe

opportunitytostepoutofourcomfortzone.Whilethisbecomesincreasinglychallenging,therearethingswecan

do.Thefirststepistobeefupyourmediaconsumptionsources.Addinginafewmediasourceswithdiffering

opinionswillallowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.Next,read

eachthingyouseewithacriticaleye.Makesurethateachthingyouacceptastruthistrulyfact.Lastly,attemptto

searchoutreliablenewsourcesthatareknownfortryingtheirbesttoleaveoutfalseinformation.Byacceptingthat

ourmediabuffetonsocialmediaisaproductofourpresentbeliefsandopinions,wecanworktomakesureweare

notsimplystuckinasocialmediaechochamber.

8.Whatisaresultofthesocialmediaechochamber?

A.Peoplecontactlike-mindedonlineuserseffectively.

B.Peoplekeepreadingformoredifferingviewpoints.

C.Peoplerelyonalgorithmstoevaluatetheirinterests.

D.Peopleonlygetinformationconfirmingtheirbeliefs.

9.Whatdoes“beefup^underlinedinparagraph3mean?

A.Track.B.Improve.

C.Provide.D.Identify.

10.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpusgetoutoftheechochamber?

A.Criticizingfakenewsonsocialmedia.

B.Exposingourselvestoopposingvoices.

C.Researchingprimarysourcesofinformation.

D.Acceptingourpresentbeliefsandopinions.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tocallonpeopletousealgorithmsfrequently.

B.Toaskpeoplenottotakeininformationblindly.

C.Topromotetheuseofvarioussocialmediasites.

D.Toinformpeopleofnewtechnologydevelopments.

【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。社交媒體回音室是指一個人體驗量身定制的媒體體驗，將對立的觀點(diǎn)和不同的

聲音排除在外。本文主要分析了社交媒體回音室產(chǎn)生的原因，并就如何確保我們不會簡單地被困在社交媒

體的回音室里提出建議。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二自然段"Asaresult,peopleseeandtakeininformationaccordingtoourpreexisting

beliefsandopinions.（Hlbh,人們根據(jù)我們先前存在的信仰和觀點(diǎn)來看待和接受信息。）”可知，社交媒體回

音室的結(jié)果是人們只能得到證實(shí)他們信仰的信息。故選Do

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三自然段劃線詞后的句子Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferingopinionswill

allowyoutoatleastunderstandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.（力口入——些有不同意見的媒

體來源，至少可以讓你了解人們在你的回音室外說什么。）”可推知，人們需要加強(qiáng)媒體消費(fèi)來源，從而真

正獲得所有信息并評估我們的媒體。故beefup意為“加強(qiáng)；改進(jìn)"。A.Track.追蹤；B.Improve.改進(jìn)；C.

Provide.提供；D.Identify.識別。故選B。

[10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Addinginafewmediasourceswithdifferingopinionswillallowyoutoatleast

understandwhatpeoplearesayingoutsideofyourechochamber.Next,readeachthingyouseewithacriticaleye.

（加入一些有不同意見的媒體來源，至少可以讓你了解人們在你的回音室外說什么。接下來，用批判的眼光

閱讀你所看到的每一件事。）”可知，讓自己暴露在反對的聲音中可以幫助我們走出回音室。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Inordertotrulygetaccesstoallinformationandtoevaluateourmedia,we

mustgiveourselvestheopportunitytostepoutofourcomfortzone.（為了真正獲得所有信息并評估我們的媒

體，我們必須給自己一個走出舒適區(qū)的機(jī)會。）”和最后一句"Byacceptingthatourmediabuffetonsocial

mediaisaproductofourpresentbeliefsandopinions,wecanworktomakesurewearenotsimplystuckina

socialmediaechochamber.（通過接受我們在社交媒體上的媒體自助餐是我們當(dāng)前信仰和觀點(diǎn)的產(chǎn)物，我們

可以努力確保我們不會簡單地被困在社交媒體的回音室里。）”可知，作者希望通過本文要求人們不要盲目

接受信息。故選B。

D

Peoplewithgeneticsyndromes（綜合癥）sometimeshavetelltale（泄露私密的）facialfeatures,butusingthem

tomakeaquickandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickygiventherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.A

newneuralnetworkthatanalyzesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.

YaronGurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhisteambuiltaneuralnetworktolookatthe

gestalt-oroverallimpression-offacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlikelyto

have.

Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabelledtomatchmorethan

200geneticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAltoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photos

ofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthecorrectanswer91percentofthetime.

Gurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheneuralnetwork'sabilitytodistinguishbetweenthedifferentgenetic

mutations（變異）thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedphotographsofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,

whichcanresultfrommutationsinanyoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltcorrectlyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthe

physicalappearance64percentofthetime.Ifsclearlynotperfect,butifsstillmuchbetterthanhumansareat

tryingtodothis.

Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationare

highlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandtherelationshipsbetweengenetic

make-upandphysicalappearance.

Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestionsaboutprivacy.Iffacescanreveal

detailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechniquesto

discriminateagainstpeoplewhohaveahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthe

toolwillonlybeavailableforusebyclinicians（臨床醫(yī)生）.Clinicallythistechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthe

searchspaceofdiagnosisandthenconfirmthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers.Besides,itcouldperhapsaddmeans

offindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.

12.WhatcanweknowaboutDeepGestalt?

A.Itcanbetrainedtocorrectlylabeltheimagesofpeople.

B.Itcancorrectlyidentifygeneticmutations91%ofthetime.

C.Itisbuilttolookatfacesandidentifygeneticdisorders.

D.Itismuchbetterthanhumansattryingtoidentifyphysicalappearance.

13.Whyarecertainfacialregionshighlightedintheassessmentprocess?

A.Tohelpconfirmthediagnosis.B.Tohelpmakethesystemmoreunderstandable.

C.Tohelpthesystemquicklyrecognizepeople.D.Tohelpidentifyaconditionandmakeadiagnosis.

14.Whafsthebesttitleofthistext?

A.TrickyfacialfeaturesB.FacesletAIspotgeneticdisorders

C.FacialfeaturesgiveyouawaytodoctorsD.DeepGestalt:amagiccureforgeneticsyndromes

15.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardsthetechnology?

A.Positive.B.Neutral.C.Indifferent.D.Critical.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了幫助醫(yī)生確認(rèn)診斷遺傳性疾病的人臉識別技術(shù)DeepGestalt。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Anewneuralnetworkthatanalyzesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrow

downthepossibilities4一種新分析人臉照片的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以幫助醫(yī)生縮小可能性。）”及第三段“They

trainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabelledtomatchmorethan200genetic

syndromes.（他們對名為DeepGestalt的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行了測試，測試了17000張正確標(biāo)記的圖像，以匹配

200多種遺傳綜合征。）”可知，DeepGestalt是用來分析人臉照片并識別遺傳疾病的。故選C。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Asthesystemmakesitsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthe

determinationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandthe

relationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.（當(dāng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行評估時，對診斷最有幫助的面部區(qū)

域會被突出顯示，供醫(yī)生查看。這有助于他們理解基因組成和外表之間的關(guān)系?！?可知，在評估的過程

中突出顯示特定的面部區(qū)域有助于確定病情做出診斷。故選D。

【14題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Anewneuralnetworkthatanalyzesphotographsoffacescanhelp

doctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities」一種新的分析人臉照片的神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以幫助醫(yī)生縮小可能性。）”和下

文介紹DeepGestalt這項人臉識別遺傳性疾病的技術(shù)幫助醫(yī)生確認(rèn)診斷疾病，由此可推知，本文主要介紹幫

助醫(yī)生確認(rèn)診斷遺傳性疾病的DeepGestalt這項人臉識別的技術(shù)。所以"FacesletAIspotgenetic

disorders（人臉可以讓人工智能識別遺傳疾?。笔俏恼伦罴褬?biāo)題。故選B。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Clinicallythistechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceofdiagnosisand

thenconfirmthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers.Besides,itcouldperhapsaddmeansoffindingotherpeoplewith

thediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.（在臨床上，該技術(shù)可以縮小診斷的搜索空間，并通

過檢測基因標(biāo)記進(jìn)行確認(rèn)。此外，它可能會增加發(fā)現(xiàn)其他患者的手段，反過來，有助于發(fā)現(xiàn)新的治療或治

愈方法。）”可知，作者對這項技術(shù)進(jìn)行了積極正面的評價。由此推知，作者對該技術(shù)持“積極態(tài)度”。故

選Ao

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多于選

項。

Thecarbonfootprintshowshowmuchcarbondioxideapersonemits（邦F放）ineverydaylife.Itmeasuresthe

amountoffossil（化石）fuelsandelectricitysomeoneusesupaswellasthecarbonfootprintoftheproductstheybuy.

Whenweuseourcarsorheatourhomeswithcarbondioxide,variousothergasesaresetfree.16

Youcanmeasureyourcarbonfootprintbyusingacalculatorthatyoucanfindonvariouswebsites.17

InAmericaforexample,everycitizenproducesabout28tonsofcarbondioxideandotherdangerousgasesa

year；inGreatBritaintheamountisabout10tons.

18Thewaywetravel,forexample,hasamajoreffectonourenvironment.Useyourbikeorwalk

forshortdistances.Publictransportisawayofgettingtoplaceswithoutputtingaburdenontheenvironment.

19Manyenvironmentalexperts,however,arguethatitoftensavesenergytobuyfoodthatisproduced

naturallyinfarawayplacesthanconsumingfoodgrownlocallyingreenhouses.Inyourhomeyoucancontributeto

savingenergybyturningofflightsifyoudon'tneedthemorbyavoidingtheuseofairconditioners.Recycling

plasticglassandpapercanalsoreduceyourcarbonfootprintdramatically.

20Onlyifweconcentrateonreducingcarbonemissionstogethercanwehopetomakeour

environmentbetter.

A.Manypeopletravelbetweencitiesandsuburbseveryday.

B.ThecarbonfootprintisusuallymeasuredintonsofCO2peryear.

C.Theseemissionsleadtoathickeratmosphereandglobalwarming.

D.Itisalsovitaltopersuadeotherstotakethesamestepsthatyoudo.

E.Therearemanyactionsyoucantaketoreduceyourcarbonfootprint.

F.Thewebsitesalsoprovidecarbonstoragetoolsandmethodsforindividuals.

G.Buyinglocalfoodisanotherwayofrestrictingemissionintotheatmosphere.

【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.G20.D

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章指出了減少碳排放量的重要性，并且提出了減少碳排放量的方法。

【16題詳解】

前文“Whenweuseourcarsorheatourhomeswithcarbondioxide,variousothergasesaresetfree."（當(dāng)我們使

用汽車或用二氧化碳來取暖時，各種其他氣體就釋放出來了）中的carbondioxide和variousothergases對

應(yīng)選項C中的Theseemissions。所以選項C（這些排放會導(dǎo)致大氣層變厚和全球變暖）切合文意，是“各

種其他氣體釋放出來”產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“InAmericaforexample,everycitizenproducesabout28tonsofcarbondioxideandotherdangerous

gasesayear；inGreatBritaintheamountisabout10tons?'（例如，在美國，每個公民每年產(chǎn)生約28噸二氧

化碳和其他危險氣體；在英國，這個數(shù)字約為10噸。）可知，碳足跡通常以每年的二氧化碳噸數(shù)來衡量，

所以選項B（碳足跡通常以每年的二氧化碳噸數(shù)來衡量）切合文意。故選B。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Useyourbikeorwalkforshortdistances.Publictransportisawayofgettingtoplaceswithoutputtinga

burdenontheenvironment.”（短距離使用自行車或步行。公共交通是一種不給環(huán)境帶來負(fù)擔(dān)的出行方式。）

可知，此處是指減少碳排放量的措施，所以選項E（你可以采取很多行動來減少你的碳排放量。）切合文

意。故選E。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Manyenvironmentalexperts,however,arguethatitoftensavesenergytobuyfoodthatisproduced

naturallyinfarawayplacesthanconsumingfoodgrownlocallyingreenhouses.''（然而,許多環(huán)境專家認(rèn)為，購

買遠(yuǎn)方自然生產(chǎn)的食物往往比消費(fèi)溫室里本地種植的食物更節(jié)省能源。）可知，此處是指購買當(dāng)?shù)厥澄镆?/p>

可以減少你的碳排放量。所以選項G（購買本地食品是另一種限制排放到大氣中的方法。）切合文意。故

選G。

【20題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Onlyifweconcentrateonreducingcarbonemissionstogethercanwehopetomakeourenvironment

better."（只有我們集中精力一起減少碳排放，我們才有希望使我們的環(huán)境變得更好。）可知，此處是號召

人們一起行動起來。所以選項D（說服別人采取和你一樣的措施也是至關(guān)重要的。）切合文意。故選D。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共4節(jié)，滿分45分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳

選項。

Sometwentyyearsago,PoonamvisitedRanthambore,withherhusbandAdityaSingh.Shewas21by

atigresswiththreecubs（幼崽）onahill.Attheendofthetrip,sheaskedAdityaiftheycouldmovetothe

Ranthamboreandheagreed.

Overtheyears,thecoupleboughtabout35acresborderingtheRanthamboreTigerReserveononeside.The

area,calledBhadlav,had22vegetationbuthassincebeen23intoagreenforest.

After24inRanthambore,AdityafirstvisitedtheBhadlavareawithaBBCfilm-maker.Hebecame

25thatthefarmerswere26theirlandbecauseoftheriskofpredators（食肉動物）searchingfor

food.i6Ijustboughtthisanddidnothingtoitexcept27theaggressivespecies.We28thelandto

recoverandnowafter20years,ithasbecomeagreenforestwhichisfrequentedbyallkindsofanimals,including

tigers.^^

Notonlydidthecouplehavethe29toletthenaturalhabitatrenewitself,theyalsocreatedseveral

waterholestoensurethewildanimalshaveenoughdrinkingwaterevenduringthehotsummers.Becauseoftheir

efforts,the30tothefarmersintheareahasbeendramaticallyreduced.ccTheanimalsunderstandinthis

foresttheygetfood,waterandsafeshelterwithoutany31Adityaexplained.Theyhavehadmany

32frombuyersforthelandbuttheSinghsarenotinterestedinselling33theirlovefornature

andwildlife."Moneywasneverthe34Jtheysaid.

AdityaandPoonam'sstoryhasinspiredothersintheareatofollowtheirexample.Adityahasalsobeen

receiving35frompeopleacrossIndiawhowanttocreateacomparablemodelintheirownstates.

21.A.accompaniedB.fascinatedC.frightenedD.blocked

22.A.diverseB.wildC.rareD.little

23.A.classifiedB.transformedC.dugD.stuck

24.A.settlingB.investingC.negotiatingD.training

25.A.proudB.disappointedC.worriedD.aware

26.A.donatingB.namingC.sellingD.expanding

27.A.loseB.removeC.identifyD.predict

28.A.controlledB.rentedoutC.dependedonD.allowed

29.A.patienceB.facilityC.technologyD.staff

30.A.accessB.linkC.attentionD.threat

31.A.disturbanceB.attemptC.hesitationD.sign

32.A.examplesB.offersC.complaintsD.benefits

33.A.insteadofB.inspiteofC.inadditiontoD.dueto

34.A.solutionB.sourceC.priorityD.possibility

35.A.instructionsB.checksC.enquiriesD.funds

【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.D26.C27.B28.D29.A30.D31.

A32.B33.D34.C35.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了AdityaSingh和Poonam夫婦建設(shè)森林、保護(hù)野生動物的故

事，他們的故事也激勵了該地區(qū)的其他人效仿他們。

[21題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她被山上一只帶著三只幼崽的母虎迷住了。A.accompanied陪伴；B.fascinated

迷??；C.frightened使驚嚇；D.blocked阻礙。通過下文“Attheendofthetrip,sheaskedAdityaiftheycould

movetotheRanthamboreandheagreed.”可推知，此處指Poonam非常喜歡Ranthambore山上的老虎，所以

才想搬過去。故選B項。

【22題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：該地區(qū)被稱為Bhadlav,植被很少，但后來被改變成了一片綠色森林。A.

diverse多種多樣的；B.wild野生的；C.rare稀有的；D.little少量的。根據(jù)下文“buthassincebeen

___3___intoagreenforest可推知，此處指Bhadlav原來只有少量的植被，后來變成了一片綠色森林。故

選D項。

[23題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：該地區(qū)被稱為Bhadlav,植被很少，但后來被改變成了一片綠色森林。A.

classified將...分類；B.transformed使改變外觀、使改變形態(tài)；C.dug掘（地）；D.stuck將....刺入。根

據(jù)上文“hadlittlevegetationbuthassincebeen"以及下文"intoagreenforest"和"ithasbecomeagreen

forest”可推知，此處指Bhadlav后來被改變成了一片綠色森林。故選B項。

【24題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在Ranthambore定居后，Aditya首先與一位BBC電影制作人參觀了Bhadlav地

區(qū)oA.settling定居；B.investing投資；C.negotiating談判；D.training培訓(xùn)。根據(jù)上文“sheaskedAditya

iftheycouldmovetotheRanthamboreandheagreed”可推知，此處指Aditya夫婦在Ranthambore定居了。

故選A項。

【25題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到農(nóng)民們之所以賣地，是為了防范食肉動物尋找食物的風(fēng)險。A.

proud驕傲的；B.disappointed失望的；C.worried擔(dān)心的；D.aware意識到的。根據(jù)下文“becauseofthe

riskofpredatorssearchingforfood”可推知，此處指Aditya明白了農(nóng)民的做法的用意，意識到了真正原因。

故選D項。

【26題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他意識到農(nóng)民們之所以賣地，是為了防范食肉動物尋找食物的風(fēng)險。A.

donating捐贈;B.naming命名；C.selling出售；D.expanding擴(kuò)展。通過上文“thefarmers"以及下文

iltheirlandbecauseoftheriskofpredatorssearchingforfood可推知，因為害怕食肉動物捕食，所以農(nóng)民們

選擇出售土地。故選C項。

[27題詳解】

考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我只是買了土地，除了移除那些有侵略性物種外，什么也沒做。A.lose失

去；B.remove移除；C.identify識別；D.predict預(yù)測。通過下文"theaggressivespecies"和"ithas

becomeagreenforest”可推知，此處指Aditya將土地上的有侵略性的植物移除了。故選B項。

【28題詳解】

考查動詞和動詞短語辨析。句意：我們讓土地恢復(fù)了，20年后，它變成了一片綠色森林，各種動物都經(jīng)常

光顧，包括老虎。A.controlled控制；B.rentedout出租；C.dependedon依靠；D.allowed讓、準(zhǔn)許。通過

下文“thelandtorecoverandnowafter20years,ithasbecomeagreenforestwhichisfrequentedbyallkindsof

animals,includingtigers”可推知，此處指通過Aditya夫婦的打理，讓土地恢復(fù)了，吸引了包括老虎在內(nèi)的

許多動物。故選D項。

[29題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這對夫婦不僅有耐心讓自然棲息地恢復(fù)生機(jī)，他們還創(chuàng)造了幾個水洞，以確保

野生動物即使在炎熱的夏天也有足夠的飲用水。A.patience耐心；B.facility設(shè)施；C.technology技術(shù)；D.

staff員工o通過下文“l(fā)etthenaturalhabitatrenewitself,theyalsocreatedseveralwaterholes