2024年安徽省中考九年級(jí)英語二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空閱讀理解專項(xiàng)突破四 句子還原型閱讀

句子還原型閱讀分析全國近3年中考真題可知，考查句子還原型閱讀的省市呈逐年增加的趨勢，且全國高考卷中對(duì)此題型也有考查。此題型要求學(xué)生整體把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)，聚焦考查學(xué)生基于語篇層面對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力，符合《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(2022年版)》語言技能中“能辨別語篇中的銜接手段，判斷語篇中句子之間、段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系”這一要求。分析全國近3年中考真題可知，句子還原型閱讀的命題特點(diǎn)如下：中考早知道考查形式主要為5選5、6選5、7選5，也會(huì)涉及5選4和4選4。主題&話題1.主題：人與自我＞人與社會(huì)＞人與自然2.話題：以做法建議、說明介紹、觀點(diǎn)看法為主，也會(huì)涉及人物經(jīng)歷、教育故事、科技發(fā)展、環(huán)境保護(hù)、中外文化介紹等設(shè)空位置1.以段中設(shè)空為主(①細(xì)節(jié)句；②過渡句；③對(duì)邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行解釋說明)；2.少量在段首/段尾設(shè)空(①段首：主題句；②段尾：對(duì)上文或全文的總結(jié)概括；③段首/段尾：過渡句、細(xì)節(jié)句)考查技能搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、理清邏輯關(guān)系、明確指代關(guān)系、相似結(jié)構(gòu)找線索語篇類型語篇類型多樣，除常規(guī)文本外，還涉及思維導(dǎo)圖、郵件、網(wǎng)頁等關(guān)鍵詞是指某些體現(xiàn)線索特征的詞匯。名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞作為主要的線索特征詞，常以同義詞、近義詞或不同詞性的詞等形式重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。微技能1搜尋關(guān)鍵詞微技能突破例Tochangeahabit,youhavetochangeyourbehavior.Expertssaythatpeopleneed20to70daystochangeahabit.1．________Accordingtoexperts,therearesixstages(階段)ofchange...技能精講Step1：閱讀空前以及空后內(nèi)容，鎖定空前關(guān)鍵詞組“need20to70days”“changeahabit”及空后關(guān)鍵詞組“sixstagesofchange”；A.Developnewhabits.B.Somehabitsmaytakeayeartochange.C.Forexample,washyourhandsbeforeeating.Step2：分析備選項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)中的“habits”、“takeayeartochange”與上文中的“need20to70days”“changeahabit”呼應(yīng)，都表示“改掉習(xí)慣需要花費(fèi)一些時(shí)間”。故選B。解題時(shí)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注文中的名詞、動(dòng)詞和形容詞，具體可參考以下步驟：Step1：著重閱讀空前空后的內(nèi)容，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞；Step2：在選項(xiàng)中查找相關(guān)關(guān)鍵詞，如原詞、派生詞、同義/近義詞與反義詞、同疇詞。正確選項(xiàng)一般重復(fù)前一句的關(guān)鍵詞，且與下一句的關(guān)鍵詞相呼應(yīng)。方法指導(dǎo)此類試題主要考查學(xué)生基于語篇層面對(duì)上下文邏輯關(guān)系的理解能力。做題時(shí)，學(xué)生需要通過上下文語境分析設(shè)空處和前后句之間存在的邏輯關(guān)系，常常會(huì)借助過渡詞或并列連詞進(jìn)行銜接。微技能2理清邏輯關(guān)系例

Whenyougetintotrouble,don'tworry.Peoplearoundyoumaygiveyousomeusefuladvice.Sometimes,takingothers'advicecanmakeyougetoutoftroubleeasily.Choosewiselywhomtogetadvicefrom.Thebestadvicecomesfrompeoplewho'vebeeninyourshoesbefore.Justbecausesomepeoplearesuccessfuldoesn'tnecessarilymeanthey'llgiveyougoodadvice.技能精講Lookforseveraldifferentideas.Don'tfeellikeyouonlyhavetogetadvicefromoneperson.1.________Inthisway,youcanbesurethatyou'regettingabroadenoughopinionontheproblem.剖析：根據(jù)空前句可知，此處與向幾個(gè)人尋求建議有關(guān)，并結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知，C項(xiàng)“相反，向幾個(gè)你信任的人尋求幫助。”符合語境，且C項(xiàng)與前句形成對(duì)比關(guān)系。故選C。A.However,thatopinioncanreallyholdyouback.B.Itisnecessarytoaccepttheopinionsfromothers.C.Instead,reachouttoseveralpeoplewhowinyourtrust.解答此類試題，主要是要理清設(shè)空處與上下文之間的邏輯關(guān)系，常見的邏輯關(guān)系如下所示：(1)并列或遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：空前后兩句之間出現(xiàn)：first/firstly，next,also,besides,what'smore等詞(組)(2)對(duì)比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：空前后兩句之間出現(xiàn)：but,however,yet,instead等詞(3)舉例或推理關(guān)系：空前后兩句出現(xiàn)：inotherwords,thatistosay,suchas,forexample等詞(組)(4)因果關(guān)系：空前后兩句之間出現(xiàn)：because,why,so,asaresult等詞(組)方法指導(dǎo)微技能3明確指代關(guān)系例

TheChildren'sBookProjectisagreatcharity.

1.________技能精講Step1：分析備選項(xiàng)可知，C項(xiàng)中的“It”指代設(shè)空處前一句中提到的“兒童圖書項(xiàng)目”。Step2:將C項(xiàng)代入文章空處可知，此處是在介紹兒童圖書項(xiàng)目所做的事情，表示“它回收書籍并將其轉(zhuǎn)贈(zèng)給學(xué)?；騼和行??！惫蔬xC。Whenbooksaredonatedbypeople,theyshouldbecleanedandsortedintoagegroupsandreadinglevels.LibertyVennfromtheChildren'sBookProjectsays,“Knowingthatsomeonewillenjoythemasmuchasyoudidisgreat.It'sreallyanamazingfeeling.AttheChildren'sBookProject,wehelptoextend(延長)thelifeofover250,000bookseachyear.”A.Asyougrowolder,though,youoftenoutgrowyourbooks.B.Ifyoujoinabook-recyclingplan,youcanpickupnewreads.C.Itrecyclesbooksandpassesthemontoschoolsorchildren'scenters.代詞用于指代前面提及的名詞(短語)或句子。解題時(shí)，可利用代詞指代法：Step1：分析選項(xiàng)中的代詞或者空后一句中代詞所指代的內(nèi)容；Step2：結(jié)合指代意義分析備選項(xiàng)，代入文章確定正確答案。方法指導(dǎo)【圖解技巧】微技能4相似結(jié)構(gòu)找線索句子還原型閱讀的語篇類型多為說明文，文章結(jié)構(gòu)一般為“總—分”或“總—分—總”的形式，第一段簡要介紹，引出話題，中間幾段從不同角度來介紹說明，最后一段多為總結(jié)，各段之間多是平行關(guān)系。在文章句式的使用上，有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)相似句型，所以可以根據(jù)上下文的相似句型和句子結(jié)構(gòu)解題。例Doyouwanttolearnhowtoimproveyourself?Hereareseveralwaysthatcanhelpyoubecomebetter.◆Readmorebooks.

Therearebooksonalmosteverythingintheworld.Soreadingmorebookscanhelpyoulearnmore.What'smore,readingcanalsohelpyoudevelopyourinterestandhobby.◆1.________It'snevertoolatetolearnanewlanguage.Learninghowtospeakanotherlanguagehelpsyouthinkdifferently.Itcanalsoopenupmoredoorsforyou.技能精講◆Bekindandfriendlytoothers.Itasksyoutocareaboutpeoplearoundyou.Bydoingso,you'llnoticewhatpeopleneed,evenwhentheydon'tsayit.A.Learnanewlanguage.B.Balanceyourbreakfast.C.Yourparentswillhelpyoutobebetter.剖析：空處屬于標(biāo)題句，根據(jù)畫線小標(biāo)題“Readmorebooks.”和“Bekindandfriendlytoothers.”可知其為祈使句句型，鎖定A、B項(xiàng)，通讀本段內(nèi)容可知與學(xué)習(xí)新語言有關(guān)，分析備選項(xiàng)可知，A項(xiàng)符合語境。故選A。若設(shè)空處屬于標(biāo)題句，可以利用其他標(biāo)題句的結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷答案。若設(shè)空處屬于描述細(xì)節(jié)或過渡用的句子，則可以觀察空前、空后相同或相似的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，利用相似結(jié)構(gòu)選出正確答案。方法指導(dǎo)【圖解技巧】技能演示解答這一題型，需掌握各個(gè)微技能的特點(diǎn)和解答技巧，具體可參考以下解題步驟：Beingconfidentisn'tjustaboutwhatyouknoworthink;confidencecomesfromhowyoufeelinyourbodytoo.例題精講語篇解讀

本文主要介紹了自信跟身體姿勢的關(guān)系，旨在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立自信。Howyouholdyourselfmatters1．________Ifyourshouldersarehunched(聳肩)andyourheadisdown,youfeeldifferentlytothewayyoufeelwhenyou'resittingorstandingstraightwithyourheadupandyourshouldersback.Tryitforyourself.Sitorstandforward,andmoveyourbodytobemoreuprightwithyourarmsbyyoursideandlookingforwards.剖析：1.搜尋關(guān)鍵詞。根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題“Howyouholdyourselfmatters”可知，本段與____________相關(guān)。結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知，________項(xiàng)符合語境。故選________。坐姿和站姿DD2.__________Researchhasfoundthatyourbodyandbrainareconnected.Whenyoustandwithyourbackstraightandlegsapart,yourbodysendsthemessagetoyourmindthatyoufeelconfidentandstrong.剖析：2.搜尋關(guān)鍵詞。根據(jù)此標(biāo)題下第一句“Researchhasfoundthatyourbodyandbrainareconnected.”并結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知，____項(xiàng)符合語境，此處為“______”和“________”的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)。故選________。AbodybrainAYourbodylanguagedoesn'tjustinfluencehowyoufeel.3.__________Thinkaboutsomeoneyouseeasconfident:howdotheycarrythemselves?Picturehowtheysit,standorwalk.Andthenseeifyoucandothesame.剖析：3.明確指代關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前“Yourbodylanguagedoesn'tjustinfluencehowyoufeel.”可知________項(xiàng)符合語境，________指代上句中的__________________。故選________。FItYourbodylanguageFTakeapowerpose(姿勢)4._____Thenyoucantakeapowerposetomakeyoufeelmoreconfident.Sitorstandupstraightwithbothfeetplantedontheground,andkeepyourheadup,lookingstraightaheadandsmiling.剖析：4.理清邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后“...takeapowerpose...feelmoreconfident.”可知，后面講述你可以擺一個(gè)有力的姿勢，讓自己感到更自信。因此前面應(yīng)該講的是____________，________項(xiàng)符合語境，與后文為________關(guān)系。故選________。感到不自信E遞進(jìn)E5.________Thenwhileyou'redoingthethingthatmakesyounervous,trytokeepyourshouldersdownandyourheaduptohelpyoukeeptheconfidentfeeling.剖析：5.明確指代關(guān)系。根據(jù)空前“Sitorstandupstraight...keepyourheadup,lookingstraightaheadandsmiling.”可知，________項(xiàng)符合語境，________指代上句內(nèi)容。故選________。BthisBA.Yourbodytalkstoyourbrain.B.Dothisforacoupleofminutes.C.Butnoticehowitmakesyoufeel.D.Howyousitorstandinfluenceshowyoufeel.E.Beforeyoudosomethingnew,youmaynotbeconfident.F.Italsotellsotherpeoplehownervousorbraveyoufeel.實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練語篇類型：說明文

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主題：做好上學(xué)的準(zhǔn)備|詞數(shù)：268|難度：★★★☆☆|建議用時(shí)：9′

|Beingreadyforeachschooldaycanreallybeseenasagoodhabit.Makingaclearplaninthemorningcanhelpyouavoidlotsoftroubleatschool.1.________Getupatthesametimeeverymorningunlessyouwanttoberushingaroundinthemorning.Leaveyourselfplentyoftimetogetcleanedup,getdressed,andgetyourthingstogetherbeforeyouhavetoleave.A.Wakeupwithyouralarm.B.Getupasearlyaspossible.C.Friedeggsonlytakeafewminutestomake.D.Makesureallthethingsareputintoit.E.Washyourface,brushyourteeth,andtidyupyourhair.F.Youcanalsomakeasandwichwitheggsandvegetablesthenightbefore.A1題Eatagoodbreakfast.2題Agoodbreakfasttypicallyincludesprotein(蛋白質(zhì)),fruit,andvegetables.2.______2題Ifyoudon'thavetimeinthemorning,you'dbettermakethemahead.3.___3題Andthenputitinthefridge.Allyouhavetodointhemorningisheatitforabout10secondsandit'llbegoodtogo.CFA.Wakeupwithyouralarm.B.Getupasearlyaspossible.C.Friedeggsonlytakeafewminutestomake.D.Makesureallthethingsareputintoit.E.Washyourface,brushyourteeth,andtidyupyourhair.F.Youcanalsomakeasandwichwitheggsandvegetablesthenightbefore.1題4題Getdressedandready.4._________Anditprobablywon'ttakeyoumorethan10or15minutes.Startbyputtingontheclothesthatyoulaidoutlastnight.Ifyouhavelongerhair,youmightwanttopullitbacksoit'soutofyourwayatschool.EA.Wakeupwithy