中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)-被動(dòng)語態(tài)

中考英語語法復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)知識(shí)梳理01Doyouknowwhattheyaremadeof？woolencloth(呢絨),cotton,sweater,leather(皮革),silk,linen(亞麻)Doyouknowwherethesethingsareproduced

？ThingsMadeofMadeinshirtschopsticksringcottonsilversteelKoreaThailandAmerica定義：句子的主語為動(dòng)作的承受者.漢語中常用“被、給、由、受”等詞用來表示被動(dòng),而英語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞（be）+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成.被動(dòng)語態(tài)由于被動(dòng)句中的主語即主動(dòng)句中的賓語,因此,只有及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語態(tài).如:

Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主動(dòng))Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被動(dòng))Howisteaproduced?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+is/am/are+doneWell,asfarasIknow,teaplantsaregrownonthesides

ofmountains.

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的肯定句：主語+is/am/are+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+be+done+by，by是被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一個(gè)標(biāo)志；Whentheleavesareready,theyarepickedbyhand

andthenaresentforprocessing.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)：主語+be+done；被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)間一般進(jìn)行完成現(xiàn)在am/is/areasked被問am/is/are

beingasked正在被問have/has

beenasked已經(jīng)被問過過去was/wereasked(過去)被問was/were

beingasked(過去)正被問had

beenasked(過去)已被問過將來shall/will

beasked將要被問含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：（may/can/must等）+bedone一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：特殊疑問句Whataretheshirtsmadeof?How

is

tea

produced?特殊疑問詞is/am/are主語wh-疑問詞/how疑問詞動(dòng)詞過去分詞視時(shí)間和主語而定注意動(dòng)詞過去分詞的規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：一般疑問句Isitmadeofsilver?Aretheshirtsmadeofcotton？Is/Are主語動(dòng)詞過去分詞視時(shí)間和主語而定一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：肯定句ItwasmadeinThailand.TheyweremadeinThailand.主語was/were動(dòng)詞過去分詞視時(shí)間和主語而定一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：肯定句Theteaissenttomanydifferentcountriesandplaces....theyarepickedbyhand.主語is/am/are動(dòng)詞過去分詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語是動(dòng)作承受者，by后強(qiáng)調(diào)的是動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者是什么by+動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者視時(shí)間和主語而定Areyourshirtsmadeofcotton?Yes,theyare.Andtheyweremade

intheUS.What’sthemodelplanemadeof?It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.WhereisteaproducedinChina?It’sproducedinmanydifferentareas.我們之前學(xué)的主動(dòng)語態(tài)怎么變成剛剛我們學(xué)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？主動(dòng)變被動(dòng)第一步:將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語；Tom

killed

him.

HeiskilledTomby第二步:將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的謂語改為“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；第三步:將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的主語改為介詞by的賓語，放在謂語之后(有時(shí)可省略)。Thisringlooksnice.isitmadeofsilver?這個(gè)戒指看上去很漂亮，它是用銀制成的嗎？★感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞表示人的感官動(dòng)作，如：sound(聽見),see(看見),watch(觀看),look(看),feel(感覺),等,后面接形容詞作表語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài),分別表示"看/聽/聞/嘗/摸起來…"。除look之外，其它幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語往往是物，而不是人?？键c(diǎn)：感官動(dòng)詞+形容詞★表示“變得...”的感官動(dòng)詞：be/get/become/grow/turn/go+形容詞★表示“...是”的感官動(dòng)詞：prove(證明是)/remain(仍然是)+形容詞★表示“仿佛，好像”的感官動(dòng)詞：seem/appear(仿佛)+todo...★see(看到),hear(聽到),notice(注意到),watch(注視),observe(觀察到)+do/doing的區(qū)別：seesbdo.../seesbdoing...，+do表示看到的動(dòng)作已結(jié)束，整個(gè)過程；+doing表示看到的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。感官動(dòng)詞練習(xí)：1.—Whichofthoseradiossounds________?—Thesmallestone.A.bestB.mostclearly C.mostbeautifully D.nicely2.Themusicinthesupermarketsoundedso_____thatIwantedtoleaveatonce.A.soft B.wonderful C.friendly D.noisy3.—WhatisMumcookinginthekitchen?—Fish,Iguess.Howniceit_________!A.looks B.sounds C.tastes D.smells填空4.Theweathertodaybecomeseven_______(bad).Whynottakearaincoatwithyou?5.Ifsomeonedoesn'tshowgoodmannerstoothers,heorsheis__________(polite).worseimpoliteADD1.英語中有很多動(dòng)詞如clean，drive，sell，read，write，wash等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來描述主語特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義,主語通常是物。Thiskindofclothwasheswell.這種布料很好洗。Thisalbumdoesn'tsellwellandthecriticsdon'tlikeite.這張專輯銷路不好，并且評(píng)論家們也不喜歡，Thepenwriteswell.這支筆很好寫字。Youcardriveswell.你的車很好開。Thesignonthebusreads"Private:NotInService."這輛公共汽車上的標(biāo)志寫著“私人所有：不運(yùn)營。”這是什么鬼？2.表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語，如：happen發(fā)生,last持續(xù),takeplace發(fā)生,breakout爆發(fā),comeout出版，發(fā)行,cometrue實(shí)現(xiàn),runout用光,等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。Howdothenewspaperscomeout?這些報(bào)紙是如何發(fā)行的呢？Acaraccidenthappenedyesterdayafternoon.昨天下午發(fā)生了一起車禍。Itissaidthatfreshwaterintheworldwouldrunoutin2050.據(jù)說到2050年世界上的淡水將會(huì)耗盡。Hewas29whenwarbrokeout.戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)時(shí)他29歲。Themeetinglasted2hoursandahalf.會(huì)議持續(xù)了兩個(gè)半小時(shí)。這是什么鬼？3.表示感受、感官的連系動(dòng)詞feel,sound,taste,look,feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。感官動(dòng)詞不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.你的理由聽上去很有道理。Theclothfeelssoft.這塊布摸上去很柔軟。Thechickensoupsmellsgreat.雞湯聞上去很香。Hemaylookserious,buthe'sreallyaeasy-going.也許他看上去很嚴(yán)肅,但他實(shí)際上是個(gè)很隨和的人。這是什么鬼？模擬練習(xí)02Practice1.Iwashdisheseveryday.(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))。

___________________bymeeveryday.2.MostofthefarmworkisdonebymachineintheUSA.

(改為一般疑問句)3.

FrenchandEnglisharespokeninCanada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)。

_________________________inCanada?

DishesarewashedIsmostofthefarmworkdonebymachineintheUSA?Whatlanguageisspoken1.我們很驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)那個(gè)留長發(fā)的是個(gè)男人。Wefind__________________________________________thepersonwithlonghairisaman.2.Ifinditdifficult______________(remember)thelongname.3.Chinamade_________possibletostopCOVID-19spreading.A．thisB．thatC．themD．it4.Youcan herifyoubothworkinthesameoffice.A.hardlyavoidmeetingB.avoidmeetingC.hardlyavoidtomeetD.avoidtomeetCompletethesentencesusingthethecorrectformsoftheverbs.隨堂演練it

surprising

thattoremember5.Childrenunder18______________(notallow)towatchthisshow.6.We___________(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.7.Whatlanguage____