遼寧省葫蘆島市2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）

遼寧省葫蘆島市20202021學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末考試試題（含解析）考生注意：1.試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.本考試分設(shè)試卷和答題紙。試卷包括Ⅰ卷和Ⅱ卷兩部分。3.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上按要求填寫信息，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。作答必須涂或?qū)懺诖痤}紙上，在試卷上作答一律不得分。Ⅰ卷部分的作答必須涂在答題紙上相應(yīng)的區(qū)域，Ⅱ卷部分的作答必須寫在答題紙上與試卷題號對應(yīng)的位置。第Ⅰ卷（三部分，共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.HowwastheweatherlastSaturday?A.RainyB.SunnyC.Cloudy2.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Returntotheparty.B.Gohome.C.Attendameeting.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Sendingatext.B.Movingthefurniture.C.Paintingthewalls.4.Wherewillthespeakersmeetthisevening?A.Outsideabookstore.B.Inacafe.C.Inaconcerthall.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Afilm.B.Asong.C.Anactor第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間.每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Athome.C.Inarestaurant.7.Whatdidthemandotoday?A.Hewenttothedentist'sB.Hehadhiseyesexamined.C.Hemademedicalappointments.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheprogramlastnight?A.Boring.B.Soso.C.Satisfying9.Whatdoesthemanlikedoing?A.WatchingTVB.Playingsports.C.Goingtothemovies.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouttheairport?A.TheserviceB.Theparkinglot.C.Thelocation.11.Howdoesthemanusuallygototheairport?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.12.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthecheckin?A.Itisfast.B.Itisslow.C.Itisunfortable.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shecan'tconnectherputertothesystemB.Shecan'trememberherputerpassword.C.Shecan'tusethesystemproperly14.Whathasthewomandone?A.ShehastalkedwithITaboutherproblem.B.Shehassentherputertothefactory.C.ShehasmadeaphonecalltoIT.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Waitpatiently.B.BreakthemeetingC.Makelongphonecalls.16.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.SheknewaboutthemeetingfromTomB.ShehaswaitedforITforthreehoursC.Sheisunwillingtotroubleothers.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakermainlydiscussing?AThebenefitsofsellingonlineB.ThepotentialrisksofsellingonlineC.Thedosanddon'taboutsellingonline18.Whatisthedisadvantageofthebigplatforms?A.Theydon'tofferinsurancetotheseller.B.Theychargeafeeforadvertising.C.Theycan'tbeaccessedeasily.19.Whatshouldbeavoided?A.SellingthingsofgreatvalueonlineB.Meetingthebuyerataprivateplace.C.Usingaseparateemailforsellingonline?20.Howwillthesellerbebannedfromthewebsite?AByprovidingfalsedescriptionsofproducts.B.Bysellingproductsatahighprice.C.Byofferingpersonalinformation.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AAreyouinterestedinhitechproducts?Herearesomethatyoumightfindatthemarketprettysoon.CX1Tiredofdraggingyourbagthroughbusyairports?ThenyoumightwanttoconsiderCX1.Thesmartsuitcaseusesfacialrecognizingsoftwaretofollowitsownerashe/sheischeckinginorheadingtothegate.ThoughCX1canonlymoveataspeedofuptosevenmilesperhour,atinytoolenablesownerstokeeptrackofthesuitcase’slocation.Itisexpectedtobesoldonthemarketbylate2018.AiboSony’slatestversionoftheAiboroboticdogisalmostasfunastherealthing—butmuchlesswork.Thepetdogcanrecognizeitsowner,obeyseveralmands,andevenrecallthebehaviorthatpleasesitsmasterthemost.Aibocanalsolearnnewtricks,takephotographs,andovertime,developitsownuniquepersonality.ForpheusForpheus,an“athletic”robotdevelopedbyJapanesetechnologypanyOmron.Itteachesusershowtoplaypingpong.The10feettallmachineusesacameraandartificialintelligencetotracktheball’sspeedandcanpredicttheball’sdirectioncorrectly.ThesmartForpheuscanalsoquicklytestitsplayer’sabilitiesandadjusttheplayinglevel,makingthegamefun.BlackBoxVRThoughmanypeopledeterminetogotothegymonceaweek,fewreachtheirgoal.BlackBoxVRwantstochangethatbyturninghardexerciseintofunvideogames.Usingit,gymuserswillfindthemselvesfightingenemies,includingbigcreatures—allwhilegettingexercise.1.WhatisthefeatureofCX1?A.Itcanbeopenedbyfacialexpressions.B.Itcanrecognizeandfollowitsowner.C.Itcanmoveveryfastinbusyplaces.D.Itcansensethesuitcase’slocation.2.WhowouldmostprobablywantanAibo?A.Peoplewhowanttowalkadog.B.Peoplewhooftenplaytricksonothers.C.Peoplewhowanttotakehighqualityphotographs.D.Peoplewhowantadogbutcan’tlookafterarealone.3.Whichproductcanhelppeopledophysicalexerciseregularly?A.CX1. B.Aibo.C.Forpheus. D.BlackBoxVR.【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【分析】這是科技類說明文。文章主要介紹了幾款高科技產(chǎn)品?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CX1部分Thesmartsuitcaseusesfacialrecognizingsoftwaretofollowitsownerashe/sheischeckinginorheadingtothegate.的描述，可知這款產(chǎn)品使用了面部識別軟件，可以識別主人，并跟隨主人，B項符合題意，故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Aibo部分的描述，索尼最新版的Aibo機器狗幾乎和真狗一樣有趣，但工作量要小得多，可以推測出這款產(chǎn)品比較適合想養(yǎng)狗，又沒有更多時間照顧的人，D項符合題意，故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlackBoxVR部分BlackBoxVRwantstochangethatbyturninghardexerciseintofunvideogames.Usingit,gymuserswillfindthemselvesfightingenemies,includingbigcreatures—allwhilegettingexercise.可知BlackBoxVR想要通過把艱苦的鍛煉變成有趣的電子游戲來改變?nèi)藗儾荒苓_到健身目標的現(xiàn)狀，因此D符和題意，故選D?！军c睛】本文介紹了幾款高科技的產(chǎn)品，分別對這幾款產(chǎn)品的特點進行了描述。本文考查細節(jié)題為主，細節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要，它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子，再對相關(guān)部分進行分析對比，找出答案。如第三個小題，根據(jù)BlackBoxVR部分BlackBoxVRwantstochangethatbyturninghardexerciseintofunvideogames.Usingit,gymuserswillfindthemselvesfightingenemies,includingbigcreatures—allwhilegettingexercise.可知BlackBoxVR想要通過把艱苦的鍛煉變成有趣的電子游戲來改變?nèi)藗儾荒苓_到健身目標的現(xiàn)狀，可以確定答案。BCananimalsbeartistic?Someexpertsthinkso.PaintingandmusicarepartofeffortstokeepanimalshappyattheSmithsonian’sNationalZoo.Zookeeperstherebelievethatanimalsneedenrichmentjustlikepeopledo.Aslothbear(長毛熊)calledFrancoisisoneoftheNationalZoo’sartists.Hebeganhisartisticcareertwoyearsago.Francoishasaveryunusualwaytopaint.Heuseshisbreathtopaint.Hiszookeeper,StaceyTabellario,saysthatalthoughthetechniquemaylookstrange,itisactuallyaverynaturalbehaviorforslothbears.Theyhavegotbiglungsandtheycanbreatheoutahugeamountofair.ThezookeepersfilloneofthosetubesfillofpaintandaskthemtobreathethroughitAndtheyblowallofthepaintontothecanvas(畫布),makingthereallycoolpaintings.AnimalartistseinallshapesandsizesattheZoo.Theyusemanykindsoftechniquestocreatetheirworksofart.Apesusepaintbrushes.Manyusetheirpawsorclaws—muchlikeahumanpainterwouldusehisorherhands.StaceyTabellariosaysFrancoisseemstoenjoyexpressinghimselfthroughhisart.“WhenIsetupthematerialsforpaintingactivity,heesandsitsnexttothemandwaitsuntilwearereadytostartpainting.Hedoesthateverytime.Ialsoseewherehiseyesgo.Hedoseseethepaintseoutofthetubeandlandonthecanvas.”Butnoteveryanimalwantstopaint.Musicisanotherpartoftheartsenrichmentprogram.Physicallyandmentallyinteresting(有趣味的)activitiesareanimportantpartofthedailycareoftheanimals.Trainershaveasetoftools,fromtabletputerstosmalltoys.KentonKernssaystheprogramhelpstheanimalsandthezookeepersinmanyways.Everyinteractionbetweenkeepersandtheiranimalscreatessomesortofconnections.Theoneofakindworksofartcreatedbytheanimalsarepopularwithzoovisitors.Manyaresoldatthezoo’sfundraisingevents.4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ArtWorksintheZooB.ZooAnimalsShowArtisticSideC.AnimalscanEarnMoneyD.AnimalsEnjoyPainting5.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.FrancoisisatwoyearoldartistattheNationalZoo.B.Francois’waytopaintisunusualforslothbears.C.Francois’biglungsdeterminethewayitpaints.D.Francoispaintswiththehelpofhisfeet.6.AccordingtoStaceyTabellario,Francois__________.A.isfondofpaintingB.likestostaywithotheranimalsC.oftenshowsthepaintingtotheaudienceD.wantstogetattentionfromthezookeepersbypainting7.WhatdoweknowabouttheartprogramaccordingtoKentonKerns?A.Itenrichesthekeepers’life.B.Itmakestheanimalsclever.C.Itintendstocollectmoneyforthezoo.D.Itdeepenstherelationshipbetweenanimalsandkeepers.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文。動物也可能是有藝術(shù)天分的。在史密森國家動物園，動物園的工作人員們用繪畫和音樂讓動物高興。動物所作的畫在募捐中出售，而且非常受歡迎?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段首句“Cananimalsbeartistic?(動物能有藝術(shù)性嗎？)”及最后一段“Theoneofakindworksofartcreatedbytheanimalsarepopularwithzoovisitors.(這些動物創(chuàng)造的獨一無二的藝術(shù)作品受到動物園游客的歡迎)”可知，文章主要敘述在史密森國家動物園里的動物們用多種技術(shù)創(chuàng)作它們的藝術(shù)作品。由此可知，ZooAnimalsShowArtisticSide(動物園里的動物展示了藝術(shù)的一面)適合做本文最佳標題。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Francoishasaveryunusualwaytopaint.Heuseshisbreathingtopaint.(Francois有一種非常不尋常的繪畫方式。他用呼吸畫畫)”及“Theyhavegotbiglungsandtheycanbreatheoutahugeamountofair.Thezookeepersfilloneofthosetubesfullofpaintandaskthemtobreathethroughit.Andtheyblowallofthepaintsontothecanvases,makingthesereallycoolpaintings.(它們的肺很大，可以呼出大量的空氣。動物園管理員把其中一根管子裝滿顏料，讓它們通過管子呼吸，然后把所有的顏料都吹到畫布上，做出了非?？岬漠嬜?”可知，F(xiàn)rancois巨大的肺決定了它的繪畫方式。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“StaceyTabellariosaysFrancoisseemstoenjoyexpressinghimselfthroughhisart.(StaceyTabellario說Francois似乎喜歡通過他的藝術(shù)來表達自己)”及“WhenIsetupthematerialsforpaintingactivity,heesandsitsnexttothemandwaitsuntilwearereadytostartpainting.Hedoesthateverytime.(當(dāng)我為繪畫活動準備材料時，他過來坐在它們旁邊，等我們準備好開始繪畫。他每次都這樣)”可推知，F(xiàn)rancois喜歡畫畫。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的前兩句“KentonKernssaystheprogramhelpstheanimalsandthezookeepersinmanyways.Everyinteractionbetweenkeepersandtheiranimalscreatessomesortofconnections.(肯頓·克恩斯說，這個項目在很多方面幫助了動物和動物園管理員。飼養(yǎng)員和動物之間的每一次互動都會產(chǎn)生某種聯(lián)系)”可知，這個種藝術(shù)項目加深了動物和飼養(yǎng)員之間的關(guān)系。故選D。CSomehotdogloversmayfeelguiltywhentheyenjoytheirfavoritefood.Theyevenexerciseexcessively(過分的)toburnoffcaloriesafterward.Nowtheycanrelievethepain.ApanyinNorwaydevelopsaproductmadefromtrees.Itcanreplacefatinfoodslikehotdogsbuthasnocalories.AproductnamedSenseFiisintroducedtothepublicbyaNorwegianbiorefinerypany,Borregaard.Thoughitstasteandfeelaresimilartothoseoffat,nocaloriesarecontainedinit.Thematerialusedtocreatethisproductismicrofibrillatedcellulose(MFC),whichisawasteproductthattreesproducewhentheyarecutandpreparedforuse.Everyyearthereisoverahundredbilliontonsofcellulose(纖維素)producedbyplants,amongwhichonlyasmallpartisnowusefultohumans.AccordingtoareportfromtheNorwegiandailynewspaperDagbladet,Borregardhasspent$36.3millionondevelopingSenseFi.Thisprojectwentthrougha10yearstudyconductedbythePaperandFibreResearchinstituteinTrondheim,Norway.ItsuccessfullyenteredtheU.S.marketandthepanyopenedaplantinWisconsin.ThefoodindustrytherewasexpectedtoembracethearrivalofSenseFi.Thepanyisspeakinghighlyofthisproductforitsincredibleeffectonfightingagainstobesity(肥胖).“We'rerollingitoutprimarilyintheU.S.,whereithasbeenapproved.Salesarejustaboutunderway,andthereisalotoffocusonfightingobesity,"saidthepany'sBusinessDirectorHaraldRonneberg.DatafromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionshowsthatabout40percentofadultsareoverweight,andin2008,thecostofmedicaltreatmentofobesitywas$147.WiththehelpofSenseFi,meatusedformakingfoodslikehotdogscanberecreated.Notonlydoesitkeeptheflavoroffat,butitalsoreducescalorieintakewhileprovidingthebodywithmorefiber,whichhelpspeoplefillthemselvesupanddigestmoreeffectively.8.WhatdoweknowabouttherawmaterialofSenseFi?A.Ithelpscuttrees.B.Itesfromtrees.C.Itissimilartohotdogsintaste.D.Itexistsinasmallamount.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"embrace"inParagraph3possiblymean?A.Spread. B.Increase. C.Wele. D.Praise.10.WhichfactorofSenseFiwouldappealtocustomersmost?A.Itdoesn'thaveanycalories.B.ItkeepsthefeelandflavoroffatC.Itprovidesdifferentkindsofnutrition.D.Itisbasedona10yearstudy.11.WhydoesBorregaardintroducetheproductmainlyinAmerica?A.ItopenedaplantinWisconsin.B.ThefoodindustryinAmericaisboomingCMostAmericansthinkhighlyoftheproducts.D.ManyAmericanssufferfromproblemslinkedtoobesity.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了挪威生物煉制公司Borregaard生產(chǎn)了一種名為SenseFi的由樹木制成的產(chǎn)品，它的味道與脂肪相似，但它不含卡路里，主要是為了解決與肥胖有關(guān)的問題。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句提到“ApanyinNorwaydevelopsaproductmadefromtrees.Itcanreplacefatinfoodslikehotdogsbuthasnocalories.”（挪威的一家公司開發(fā)了一種由樹木制成的產(chǎn)品。它可以替代熱狗等食物中的脂肪，但沒有熱量。）可知，SenseFi的原材料來自“樹木”。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞前文“ItsuccessfullyenteredtheU.S.marketandthepanyopenedaplantinWisconsin.”（它成功地進入了美國市場，并在威斯康辛州開了一家工廠。）及劃線單詞后為動詞賓語“thearrivalofSenseFi.”可推知，SenseFi將作為產(chǎn)品進入市場，食品行業(yè)有望“迎接”SenseFi的到來。embrace的意思是“迎接”，相當(dāng)于wele，故選C。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容“AproductnamedSenseFiisintroducedtothepublic...nocaloriesarecontainedinit.”（挪威生物煉制公司Borregaard向公眾介紹了一種名為SenseFi的產(chǎn)品。雖然它的味道和感覺與脂肪相似，但它不含卡路里。）通讀全文可知，主要介紹的是對抗肥胖的這個產(chǎn)品，味道和脂肪相似，很多食物都能做到；由此可知，SenseFi最吸引顧客的因素是“它不含任何卡路里”。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段提到“DatafromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionshowsthatabout40percentofadultsareoverweight,andin2008,thecostofmedicaltreatmentofobesitywas$147.”(美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(CentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention)的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，大約40%的成年人超重，2008年，肥胖的醫(yī)療費用高達147美元。)故可推知，Borregaard選擇美國作為主要市場，推廣SenseFi這個產(chǎn)品，是因為許多美國人患有與肥胖相關(guān)的問題。故選D。DTeenagerswhostarttheschooldayreallyearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewhostartlater.That'sthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.Gettingtoolittlesleepcanputkidsatriskforanumberofproblems.Sleepyteensaremorelikelytobeoverweight,tohavetroubleconcentratingandtostruggleinschool.GenevieveGariepy,whoworksatMcGillUniversityinMontreal,Canada,wantedtoknowhowearlierschoolstarttimesnightbeconnectedwithweight."OverweightinteenagersisabigprobleminNorthAmerica,"shesays.Thenumberofoverweightkidshasgrownoverthepast30years.AboutoneinthreeAmericanandCanadianteensarenowoverweight.Kidswhodon'tsleepenoughmaybeathigherrisk.SoGariepydecidedtofocusontheimpactofschoolstarttimes.Herteamcollectedstarttimesfor362Canadianschools.Thentheyaskedstudentsatthoseschoolstogivetheirheightandweight.Inall,theycollecteddatafromnearly30,00010to18yearolds.Among6thto10thgraders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobeslightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every10minutedelayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,withaslightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethesamesex,ageandheight.However,thedifferenceisslight.Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplayabiggerroleinkeepingahealthyweight.Becausethestudyparedkidswhoalreadystartedschoolatdifferenttimesofday,it'snotclearthatchangingschoolstarttimewouldhelpheavierkidsloseweight.Toknowforsure,researcherswouldwanttoparethesamekidsbeforeandafterchangingtoalaterschoolstarttime.Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattleChildren'sHospitalinWashington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimesmightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.12.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?A.Moreandmoreteensaregrowingoverweight.B.Healthydietsandenoughexercisehelpreduceweight.C.Teenswhostartschoolearlierarealittleoverweight.D.Teenswhostartschoolearlierdonotperformwell.13.Tokeepahealthyweight,teenagersneed______________.A.muchsleep B.earlierschoolstarttimeC.lesssleep D.abalanceddietandenoughexercise14.HowdidGariepy'steamgettheirfindings?A.Byrecordingtheteens'weight.B.Bycheckingtheteens'physicalhealth.C.Byparingdifferentsetsofdata.D.Bymeasuringtheteens'height.15.WhatdoesCoraColletteBruenerthinkofthestudy?A.Ithasinspiringvalue. B.Itlacksfurthersupport.C.Itneedsimproving D.Itiswelldesigned.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】本文是一篇說明文。新的研究表明每天較早上學(xué)的青少年可能比晚上學(xué)的青少年的體重多一些。上學(xué)時間晚一些可能對青少年的健康更好，因此作者呼吁學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)更改學(xué)校的作息時間表。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Teenagerswhostarttheschoolearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewhostartlater.That’sthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.”(每天較早上學(xué)的青少年可能比晚上學(xué)的青少年的體重多一些，這是對近30,000名10至18歲的加拿大人進行研究得出的結(jié)果。)即新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了每天較早上學(xué)的青少年可能有些超重。故選C。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplayabiggerroleinkeepingahealthyweight.(健康的飲食和足夠的鍛煉將在保持健康體重方面發(fā)揮更大的作用。)”可知，為了保持健康的體重，青少年需要均衡的飲食和足夠的鍛煉。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Among6thto10thgraders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobeslightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every10minutedelayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,withalightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethesamesex,ageandheight.”(在6年級至10年級的學(xué)生中，較早入學(xué)的人相對于他們的身高而言可能體重稍重一些。平均而言，在同性別，年齡和身高的學(xué)生中，平均每延遲10分鐘的上學(xué)時間，體重就會輕一點。)因此可知，Gariepy的團隊是通過比較不同的幾組數(shù)據(jù)來得出結(jié)論的。故選C?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattleChildren’sHospitalinWashington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimemightbebetterforteenhealth,shesays.”(華盛頓西雅圖兒童醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生CoraColletteBruener表示，這項研究是一個良好的開端。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)使越來越多的證據(jù)表明晚一些的上學(xué)時間可能對青少年的健康更好。)因此CoraColletteBruener認為這項研究具有啟發(fā)性的價值。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Feedingbreadtotheducksisafondpastimeformanyofus,remindingusofhappychildhoodtripstothelocalpark.____16____EatingitcancauseourfeatheredfriendstodevelopaconditioncalledAngelWing,whichiswhentoomuchbreadmakesbirds’feathersgrowtooquickly.Thisadditionalweightputsastrainontheirmuscles,causingtheirwingstotwistanddropopen,andifnottreatedfast,theycanlosetheabilitytofly.“AngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely,”saysCarolineSimpson,atrusteeofUKcharitySwanLifeline.“____17____”O(jiān)verthelast20yearsUKcharitySwanLifelinehasrescuedandtreatedmorethan30,000birds.Adultbirdscandevelopheartdiseasebyeatingmuchbread,soit’simportantthatwedoourbesttopreventthisbyfeedingthenwiththerightkindoffood.____18____Rotten(腐爛的)breadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatoproduce,spreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterways,whichcanresultinthepresenceofamould(霉菌)calledAspergillus.Ithasthepotentialtokillwaterfowl(水禽)andotherwildlifeifitgetsintotheirlungs.____19____Givingbirdstherightfood—likefrozenpeas,sweetcornandsomeotherplants—isgoodforboththemandtheenvironment.Theycanfloatonthewatersurface,andbirdscanenjoythem.____20____A.Sowemuststopfeedingtheducks.B.Butdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindanger?C.Thisdoesn’tmeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheducks.D.Breadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)).E.Whatasceneitistowatchduckseatingbreadloatingontheriver.F.Otherwisetheresultscanbeserious—suchasthelossofthewing.G.Sonexttimetakeahealthieralternativeanddoyourbittoprotectourpreciouswildlife.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.C20.G【解析】本文是說明文。文章指出為了保護動物的健康和生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，要選擇正確的食物喂動物?！?6題詳解】上文“Feedingbreadtotheducksisafondpastimeformanyofus,remindingusofhappychildhoodtripstothelocalpark.(給鴨子喂面包是我們大多數(shù)人都喜歡的消遣活動，提醒我們童年時去當(dāng)?shù)毓珗@的歡樂旅程)”說明人們愛喂鴨子食物，把喂鴨子當(dāng)樂趣。B項“Butdidyouknowthatbreadactuallyputsbirdsindanger?(但你知道面包實際上會讓鳥類處于危險之中嗎？)”能承上啟下。其中bread是關(guān)鍵詞，“indanger”與下文描述一致。故選B?！?7題詳解】上文““AngelWingcanbecuredifwereachbirdsbeforeithasdevelopedtooseverely,”saysCarolineSimpson,atrusteeofUKcharitySwanLifeline.(如果我們能在鳥兒的翅膀發(fā)育得過于嚴重之前找到它們，它們的天使之翼是可以治愈的，”英國慈善機構(gòu)SwanLifeline的受托人CarolineSimpson表示)”說明CarolineSimpson有辦法在天使之翼發(fā)育得過于嚴重之前，治愈鳥類。F項“Otherwisetheresultscanbeserious—suchasthelossofthewing.(否則，結(jié)果可能會很嚴重——比如失去翅膀)”是上文的反例，如果不治愈天使之翼，會產(chǎn)生的壞結(jié)果。故選F?！?8題詳解】下文“Rotten(腐爛的)breadatthebottomofriversandlakesallowsbacteriatoproduce,spreadingdiseaseandattractingratsandotherpeststoourwaterways,whichcanresultinthepresenceofamould(霉菌)calledAspergillus.(在河湖底腐爛的面包會滋生細菌，傳播疾病，吸引老鼠和其他害蟲進入我們的河道，這可能導(dǎo)致一種叫做曲霉的霉菌的存在)”說明腐爛的面包對水源有危害。D項“Breadcanalsocauseharmfulchangestothenaturalecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)).(面包也會對自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成有害的變化)”是對本段的概括，說明面包也會產(chǎn)生危害。故選D。19題詳解】下文“Givingbirdstherightfood—likefrozenpeas,sweetcornandsomeotherplants—isgoodforboththemandtheenvironment.(給鳥兒正確的食物——如冷凍豌豆、甜玉米和其他一些植物——對它們和環(huán)境都有好處)”說明為了保護動物和環(huán)境，不是要禁止喂食物，而是要選擇正確的食物。C項“Thisdoesn’tmeanwehavetostopfuntripstofeedtheducks.(這不意味著我們要停止喂鴨子，不意味著要結(jié)束快樂的旅行)”是對本段的概括，承上啟下，目的是要我們選擇合適的食物。故選C?！?0題詳解】上文“Theycanfloatonthewatersurface,andbirdscanenjoythem.(它們能浮在水面上，然后鳥兒就可以吃它們了)”解釋了前文所說的為什么要選擇正確的食物。G項“Sonexttimetakeahealthieralternative.(因此下次要帶更健康的食物)”與上文一致。故選G。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Ihaveinventedrobotsthatcrawl（爬）throughpipestocheckthemfordamage.Twoofmy____21____allowcarstobeusedaspowerplantsonwheels.Myloveofbuildingthings____22____whenIwasakid.Itwasn'tuntilIleanedaboutThomasEdison,though,thatIreallybecameexcitedaboutinventing.WhenIwasinfourthgrade,ourteachergaveusa____23____.Wehadtowritetoapanyandlearnaboutthe____24____itmade.Eachstudentwouldthengiveareportinfrontoftheclass.I____25____theThomasA.Edisonpany.SoonafterIwrotetothepany,ourmailman____26____apackagetome.ItcontainedabookaboutthelifeofThomasEdison.HowI____27____readingandrereadingabouthisinventions!Theonesthatimpressedmemostweremovies,recordedsoundandtheelectriclight.Edisonbecamemyhero.Mydadnoticedmyinterestininventingand____28____me.Heshowedmehowtotummyideasintoplansand,finallyintonewthings.Together,mydadandIrepairedradiosandtelevisions.Once,Isurprisedmydadwitha____29____Imadetoadjustthebrakes（剎車）ofourcar.Later,wefoundasimilartoolinastore.That'swhenIlearnedthat_____30_____inventorsofteninventsimilarthings.Itisnot_____31_____forthistohappen.Ilearned,too,thatnotallgreatideaswork._____32_____isamonpartoftheinventingprocess.AsmyfatherandIworkedtogether,Ibeganto_____33_____thatmydadwasquiteaninventorhimself.Hisguidinghands,binedwithmy_____34_____ininventing,ledmetobeeanengineerandaninventor,ButIam_____35_____toThomasEdison,too,forfirstlightingthatbulb（電燈泡）insideme.21.A.approaches B.experiments C.inventions D.conclusion22.A.died B.began C.fade D.won23.A.project B.lesson C.surprise D.present24.A.decisions B.products C.orders D.reports25.A.joined B.owned C.started D.chose26.A.opened B.offered C.delivered D.lent27.A.enjoyed B.minded C.avoided D.hated28.A.stopped B.blamed C.controlled D.encouraged29.A.tool B.promise C.mistake D.trick30.A.young B.different C.great D.real31.A.reasonable B.improper C.practical D.unusual32.A.Imagination B.Failure C.Happiness D.Wealth33.A.hope B.suggest C.realize D.consider34.A.honor B.difficulty C.experience D.interest35.A.grateful B.polite C.related D.equal【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.C27.A28.D29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者從小對發(fā)明感興趣，通過做學(xué)習(xí)課題任務(wù)，他更加熱愛發(fā)明和崇拜愛迪生。在爸爸的影響和幫助下，他最終成了一名發(fā)明家?！?1題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我的兩項發(fā)明可以讓汽車成為車輪上的動力裝置。A.approaches方法；B.experiments試驗；C.inventions發(fā)明；D.conclusion結(jié)論。根據(jù)第一句中的“haveinventedrobots”及下文內(nèi)容可以看出inventions在此處符合語境。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：我對建筑的熱愛始于我還是個孩子的時候。A.died死；B.began開始；C.fade褪色；D.won贏得。根據(jù)第2空后的“whenIwasakid”可知，此處指從孩子時“開始的”。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)我四年級的時候，我們的老師給了我們一個項目。A.project計劃，項目；B.lesson教訓(xùn)，功課；C.surprise驚訝；D.present禮物。根據(jù)下文學(xué)生需要給一家公司寫信，等收到公司寄回的產(chǎn)品介紹后，每名學(xué)生要在全班同學(xué)面前做一個報告可知，這是學(xué)校里老師分配給學(xué)生做的課題，project符合語境。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我們必須寫信給一家公司，了解他們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品。A.decisions決定；B.products產(chǎn)品；C.orders順序，命令；D.reports報告。根據(jù)下文作者收到的包裹有movies,recordedsoundandtheelectriclight可知此處指了解公司產(chǎn)品。故選B。【25題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：然后每個學(xué)生都要在全班面前做一個報告。我選擇了托馬斯·愛迪生公司。A.joined加入，參加；B.owned擁有；C.started開始；D.chose選擇。根據(jù)“Wehadtowritetoapanyandlearnaboutthe____4____itmade.”可知我們的計劃是向公司展示我們的計劃，因此我“選擇”了愛迪生公司。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：我寫信給公司后不久，郵遞員給我送了一個包裹。A.opened打開；B.offered提供；C.delivered遞送；D.lent借出。由mailman可知delivered符合語境，指“郵遞員派送包裹”。故選C。27題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：我是多么喜歡閱讀和反復(fù)閱讀他的發(fā)明!A.enjoyed喜愛；B.minded介意；C.avoided避開；D.hated厭惡。作者非常崇拜愛迪生，因此喜歡反復(fù)閱讀有關(guān)愛迪生發(fā)明的書。故選A。【28題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：我爸爸注意到我對發(fā)明的興趣并鼓勵我。A.stopped停止；B.blamed責(zé)備；C.controlled控制；D.encouraged鼓勵。根據(jù)下文“Heshowedmehowtotummyideasintoplansand,finallyintonewthings.”可推測爸爸鼓勵作者繼續(xù)發(fā)明。故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：有一次，我用我自己做的一個調(diào)整剎車的工具給了我爸爸一個驚喜。A.tool工具；B.promise許諾；C.mistake錯誤；D.trick詭計。根據(jù)下文“Later,wefoundasimilartoolinastore.”可知我們在商店發(fā)現(xiàn)了一樣的工具，因此此處指“工具”。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：那時我才知道，不同的發(fā)明家經(jīng)常發(fā)明類似的東西。A.young年輕的；B.different不同的；C.great偉大的；D.real真的。由上下文語境“作者發(fā)明的工具和商店里在售的差不多”及similar提示可知，不同的發(fā)明家經(jīng)常發(fā)明類似的東西。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：這種情況并不罕見。A.reasonable合情合理的；B.improper不正確的；C.practical切合實際的；D.unusual不尋常的。作者在學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)明的過程中了解到，不同的發(fā)明家發(fā)明類似的東西，這種情況很常見。故選D。【32題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：失敗是發(fā)明過程中常見的一部分。A.Imagination想象；B.Failure失??；C.Happiness幸福；D.Wealth財富。根據(jù)上一句“Ilearned,too,thatnotallgreatideaswork.”可知不是所有的好主意都能實現(xiàn)，因此Failure符合語境。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)我和父親一起工作時，我開始意識到我父親自己也是一個發(fā)明家。A.hope希望；B.suggest建議；C.realize意識到；D.consider考慮。作者在和爸爸合作的過程中意識到爸爸也是一位發(fā)明家。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：有了他指導(dǎo)，加上我對發(fā)明的興趣，我成為了一名工程師和發(fā)明家。A.honor榮譽；B.difficulty困難；C.experience經(jīng)驗，經(jīng)歷；D.interest興趣。根據(jù)文章開頭的講述可知，作者從小就對發(fā)明感興趣。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：但我