英語（人教版選修8）課件unit3Section2WarmingUpReadingLanguagePoints

Unit3

InventorsandinventionsSectionⅡ

WarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePoints一、將下列單詞與所對應(yīng)的英文解釋連線1．patent

A．a(chǎn)specialdocumentthatgivesyoutherighttomakeorsellanewinventionorproduct2．distinguish B．suddenandunexpected3．perfume C．torecognizeandunderstandthedifferencebetweentwoormorethingsorpeople4．a(chǎn)brupt D．a(chǎn)sweetorpleasantsmell5．seizeE．totakeholdofsomethingsuddenlyandviolently答案：1.A

2.C

3.D

4.B

5.E二、根據(jù)所給詞性和漢語意思寫出英語單詞1．_______adj.寬大的；仁慈的→_______n．仁慈；寬恕2．_________n．產(chǎn)品→__________v．生產(chǎn)→_________n．生產(chǎn)→___________n．生產(chǎn)者，制造者3．__________adj.方便的→____________n．方便；便利4．___________n．期待，預(yù)期→_______v．預(yù)期，期盼5．________adj.消極的→_______adj.(反義詞)積極的mercifulmercyproductproduceproductionproducerconvenientconvenienceexpectationexpectpassiveactive6．________adj.突然的；意外的→____________adv.突然地；意外地7．_______n．立方體；立方→_______adj.立方的8．_______adj.高興的；愉快的→_____________adv.高興地；愉快地9．________n．(評判的)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；尺度→________復(fù)數(shù)形式10．______adj.成熟的；熟的→_______v．熟；成熟abruptabruptlycubecubicmerrymerrilycriterioncriteriariperipen根據(jù)漢語意思補全短語1．a(chǎn)pply_____apatent申請專利2．decide_____決定；選定3．call_____給……打電話4．now_____then偶爾；有時5．set_____開始；著手foronupandabout6．______theopportunity抓住機會7．pick______撿起；拿起8．______greatcaution很小心地9．______recognition得到認(rèn)可10．fill______theform填表seizeupwithgetin1．我所做的第一件事就是看看有沒有什么產(chǎn)品能幫助我，但看來只有一種毒殺蛇的藥粉。ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme，but______________________________powdersdesignedtokillsnakes.(thereseemstobe是therebe句型的變體，表示“似乎有……”。)thereonlyseemedtobe2．只有獲得了認(rèn)證，你才可以說是一個真正的發(fā)明者。Onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognition__________thatyouaretrulyaninventor.(當(dāng)only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句且位于句首時，主句用部分倒裝。)3．(評價)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是很嚴(yán)格的，除非新的想法是很新穎的，否則很難被接受。Thecriteriaaresostrictthat___________________________ideasacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.(it代替后面的動詞不定式，作形式主語。)canyousayitisdifficulttogetnewdistinguishvt.(P20)(1)區(qū)別，辨別(人或事物)①Speechesdistinguishhumanbeingsfromanimals.人類和動物的區(qū)別在于人會說話。②Canyoudistinguishbetweenthosetwoobjects?你能區(qū)分那兩個物體嗎？(2)看清，聽清③Thelightwastoodimformetodistinguishanythingclearly.光線太暗，我看不清任何東西。(3)顯示……的差別；使……有所不同④HefirstdistinguishedhimselfbywinningajuniortennistournamentatWimbledon.他最初因為在一次溫布爾登少年網(wǎng)球賽中獲勝而受人矚目。⑤Shehasalreadydistinguishedherselfasanathlete.作為運動員她已享有盛名。⑥TheChinesenationisdistinguishedforitsdiligenceandcourage.中華民族以勤勞和勇敢而著稱。(1)distinguishbetween...and...區(qū)分/辨別……和……distinguish...from...使……有別于……；使……具有區(qū)別于……的特征distinguishoneself(as)(作為……)表現(xiàn)突出；使自己與眾不同；使自己成名distinguishoneselfby...某人因……而突出(2)distinguishedadj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的，高貴的bedistinguishedfrom不同于……，與……加以區(qū)別bedistinguishedby以……為特征bedistinguishedfor因……而著稱1．用distinguish的正確形式填空①Icouldnot________________herwords，butshesoundednervous.②Howdoyou________________astar_____aplanet?③Thescientistis___________inmanyfieldsofknowledge.distinguishdistinguishbetweenanddistinguishedabruptlyadv.(P20)(1)突然的，意外的①Ourdiscussionwasabruptlycurtailed.我們的討論突然縮短了。(2)不流暢的，不連貫的②Hewrotesomeshortabruptsentences.他寫了些短小且不連貫的句子。(3)(指行為)粗魯?shù)?，唐突的，生硬的③Amanwithanabruptmannerisnotwelcomehere.舉止粗魯?shù)娜嗽谶@里不受歡迎。

(1)abruptadj.anabruptturn急轉(zhuǎn)彎inanabruptmanner無禮的態(tài)度anabruptchange突然改變(2)abruptness[U]n.唐突

2．完成句子①采訪突然結(jié)束。Theinterview___________________.②在我們會面時，她跟我說話非常生硬。Shewasvery______________meinourmeeting.endedabruptlyabruptwithconvenientadj.(P20)(1)方便的；便利的；合宜的①Ifindgoingtothesupermarketonceamonthisthemostconvenientwaytoshop.我發(fā)現(xiàn)一個月去一次超市購物最合適。②Isthiseveningconvenientforyoutogoout?你今晚上方便出來嗎？(2)附近的，方便到達(dá)的③Ourhomeisveryconvenientforourschool.我家離學(xué)校很近。(1)beconvenientfor對……是方便的Sth.beconvenienttosb.對某人方便Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.對某人來說干某事是方便的ifconvenient如果方便的話(2)conveniencen．方便；便利fortheconvenienceof為了方便……for(thesakeof)convenience為了方便起見atone’sconvenience在某人方便的時候，在適宜的地方

溫馨提示：①conveniencen．“便利”，不可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)“便利設(shè)施”講時，為可數(shù)名詞。②表示某人方便做某事時，不能用人作主語，只能說：Itisconvenientforsb.todosth.而不可以說：Itisconvenientofsb.todosth.。3．用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空①Weboughtthishouse_____itsconvenience.②Dothis_____yourconvenience!③Ourshopisveryconvenient_____theshoppers.④Dropinonmewhenitisconvenient_____you.foratforto/forcaution(P20)(1)n.[U]小心，謹(jǐn)慎①Dadalwaysdriveswithcaution.爸爸一直開車十分小心。(2)n.警告，告誡②Thepolicemanletthedriveroffwithacaution.警察向司機提出警告后就讓他走了。(3)vt.告誡，警告③Wewerecautionednottomakealotofnoiseaftertenintheevening.我們得到告誡晚上10點以后不要大聲喧鬧。(1)withcaution小心翼翼地givesb.acaution告誡某人receiveacautionfromsb.從某人處獲得勸告(2)cautionsb.(not)todosth.勸告某人(不)做某事cautionsb.for/aboutdoingsth.因某事而勸告某人cautionsb.againstdoingsth.勸告某人不要做某事(3)cautiousadj.十分小心的；謹(jǐn)慎的becautiouswith/about對……仔細(xì)/謹(jǐn)慎

④Theoldladyisverycautiouswithmoney.那位老太太用錢很謹(jǐn)慎。4．完成句子①老板對承諾持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度。Theboss___________________makingpromises.②老師給了湯姆一次警告，叫他不許再那樣做。Theteacher____________________andtoldhimnevertodoitagain.iscautiousaboutgaveTomacautionexpectationn．(P21)(1)期待；預(yù)期①Thedogwaggeditstailinexpectationofabone.那條狗搖著尾巴，巴望吃到骨頭。(2)pl.期望，預(yù)期的事物②Therewardfellshortofourexpectations.獎勵未達(dá)到我們的預(yù)期。(3)pl.前程③ayoungartistwithgreatexpectations一個有遠(yuǎn)大前程的青年藝術(shù)家(1)beyondexpectation出乎意料inexpectationof期望，預(yù)計會有……，預(yù)料著……againstexpectation(s)與預(yù)期相反come/liveuptoone’sexpectations不負(fù)所望(2)expecttodosth.盼著(預(yù)計)做某事expectsb.todosth.盼望(指望，預(yù)計)某人會做某事expectsth.fromsb.期望從某人處得到某物expectalot/muchofsb.對某人期望過高

溫馨提示：expectation意為“期待，期望”時為不可數(shù)名詞；意為“期望的事物；前景”時為可數(shù)名詞，常用復(fù)數(shù)。5．完成句子①Hisperformancelivedup_______________________(符合我們的期望)．②Johnhassucceeded____________________(出乎意料)．toourexpectationsbeyondexpectationpress(P21)(1)vt.按，擠，壓①Pressthisbuttontostarttheengine.按此按鈕發(fā)動引擎。(2)vt.催促；催逼；強迫；(極力)勸說②Hepressed

hertocomewithhim.他強迫她跟他走。③Thebankispressingusforrepaymentoftheloan.銀行催我們償還貸款。(3)vi.擠向前，奮力前進④Manypeoplepressedforwardtoshakehandswithhim.許多人擠向前和他握手。(4)vi.緊迫⑤Timepressesandwemustgetbacktowork.時間緊迫，我們得回去工作了。(5)n.報刊；新聞界⑥Thepowerofthepressisverygreat.報刊的力量是極大的。(6)n.新聞輿論；報刊評論⑦Thegovernment’snewpolicyreceivedagoodpress.政府的新政策受到輿論的好評。6．完成句子①那小孩把臉貼在火車的窗上。Thechild______________________thetrainwindow.②他們逼我立刻決定下來。They_______________animmediatedecision.③在他父母的督促下，他不得不早起去上學(xué)。__________________，hehadtogetupearlytogotoschool.pressedhisfaceagainstpressedmeforPressedbyhisparentsseizevt.(P21)(1)抓??；捉住①Seizethechance，otherwiseyou’llregretit.抓住這個機會，否則你會后悔的。②Weshouldseizetheopportunitytocounter-attack.我們應(yīng)乘機反攻。(2)奪?。还フ饥跿heenemyseizedthetownafteraviolentattack.敵人猛攻后占領(lǐng)了這個城鎮(zhèn)。seizesth.fromsb.從某人手中抓取seizepower/seizecontrol(of)奪取政權(quán)seizeachance/anopportunity抓住機會/機遇beseizedwith(terror/desire)突然感到恐懼/突然被欲望支配seizeon/upon抓住，利用seizeup卡住，停止運轉(zhuǎn)

[易混辨析]seize/grasp/catch/hold④Thebirdseizedanunusuallybigbeetleandboreitofftoitsnest.那只鳥抓住一只特別大的甲蟲并把它帶進了窩。⑤Hegraspedatanythingthatmighthelphim.他試圖抓住任何對自己有利的東西。⑥Thecatcatchesmice.貓捉老鼠。⑦Shewasholdingabookinherhand.她手里拿著一本書。7．完成句子①我們應(yīng)該把握時機來發(fā)展經(jīng)濟。Weshould___________________todeveloptheeconomy.②警察試圖奪取兇手的槍。Thepolicetriedto______________________themurderer.seizeopportunityseizethegunfromclaim(P21)vt.(1)(根據(jù)權(quán)利)要求；認(rèn)領(lǐng)；索取①Theoldmanclaimedtheland.老人要求得到這塊土地。(2)自稱，聲稱；主張②Sheclaimedthattheringwasstolen，notlost.她聲稱那只戒指是被偷的，而不是遺失的。③Sheclaimstobeagoodpianist.她聲稱自己是位優(yōu)秀的鋼琴家。(3)值得，需要④Thetrendclaimsourattention.這一趨勢需要我們予以注意。(4)(疾病，意外)奪去(生命)⑤Thetornadoclaimeddozensoflives.那場龍卷風(fēng)奪去了幾十條人命。n.(1)(＋for/to)(根據(jù)權(quán)利而提出的)要求⑥Marymadeaclaimtothepencil.瑪麗認(rèn)為她應(yīng)得到這支鉛筆。(2)(對某事物的)權(quán)利；要求權(quán)；所有權(quán)⑦Whatclaimdoeshehavetotheproperty?他有何權(quán)利要求得到這筆財產(chǎn)？(3)主張，自稱，聲稱⑧Nobodybelievedhisclaimthathewasinnocent.他說他清白，誰也不相信。(1)claimsth.聲稱某事；需要某物claimthat從句聲稱……claimtodosth.聲稱要做某事claimforsth.為……索賠claimontheinsurance向保險公司索賠claimpaymentfromsb.要求某人付款claimsth.back要求歸還某物Itisclaimedthat...據(jù)稱……(2)putin/makeaclaimfor...要求得到……dropone’sclaim放棄要求layclaimto...聲稱……是自己的，以……自稱pressone’sclaimon...向……提出強烈要求

8．完成句子①戰(zhàn)斗之后，雙方都宣稱獲勝。Afterthebattle，bothsides_________________.②她自稱與王后有親戚關(guān)系。She_______________________________theQueen.＝She_________tobe_____________theQueen.claimedvictoryclaims(that)sheisrelatedtoclaimsrelatedtocallup(P20)(1)給……打電話①Youcancallmeanytimeifyouhaveanytrouble.如果有困難你可隨時給我打電話。(2)使……回憶起②Thesmelloftheseacalledupmemoriesofherchildhood.大海的氣息勾起了她對童年的回憶。(3)征兵，征召③Hewascalledupatthebeginningofthewar.戰(zhàn)爭開始時他就被征召入伍了。callback(召喚)某人回來；回電話callin召集；召來；收回callat拜訪(某地)callforth喚起，引起，振作起來callfor要求；需要；接(某人)callon/upon邀請；號召；拜訪calloff取消

④I’llcallbackatamoreconvenienttime.在更方便的時候我會回電話的。⑤Heisill，youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway.他病了，你應(yīng)該立即請大夫來。⑥Ishallcallathishometomorrow.明天我要去他家里拜訪。⑦Thegovernmentcallsontheyouthtodonatetheirblood.政府號召青年獻血。溫馨提示：①callup的賓語如果是代詞，此代詞應(yīng)放在call和up之間；如果是具體的人和物，放在中間或之后都可以。②callup作“打電話”講時，可用ringup代替。[易混辨析]lookbackon/tosth./callup⑧Theoldmanwassittingthere，lookingbackon/tohispreviousgoodtime.那位老人坐在那里，回想起從前的美好時光。⑨Theseoldphotoscalledmeupthememoriesofmyolddays.這些照片勾起了我對往昔的回憶。9．完成句子①IcamehomelatebecauseI____________(拜訪)myformerteacheronthewayhome.②Ourgovernment_______________(要求)ustomakeagoodpreparationforthecomingOlympics.③There’snoneedtohurry—theplanhasbeen__________(取消)．④Theproblem________(要求)immediatesolution.⑤Thepolicehavebeen_______(請來)tofindthemissingboy.calledoncalledforcalledoffcallsforcalledinnowandthen時而；不時(P20)①Iliketogototheoperanowandthen.我有時喜歡去看歌劇。②Hetakesmysisterouttothetheatrenowandthen.他時常帶我妹妹去劇院。fromtimetotime有時；不時(every)nowandagain時而；不時fromnow/thenon從現(xiàn)在/那時開始justnow剛才sincethen從那時以來bythen到那時uptonow直到現(xiàn)在

10．完成句子①Whenwaitingforthedoctor，helookedupattheclock_______________(不時地)．②_____________(從現(xiàn)在開始)，allofyoushouldbeawareoftheimportanceofEnglish.nowandthenFromnowonsetabout開始(某工作)；著手做某事(P20)①Imustsetaboutmypacking.我得開始收拾行李了。②Idon’tknowhowtosetaboutthisjob.我不知道這工作如何入手。③Hesetaboutpersuading(setouttopersuade)metoaccepthiswayofthinking.他試圖說服我接受他的想法。④ThestorywassetinHollywood.這個故事以好萊塢為背景。⑤Hesetupalabofhisownwhenhewastenyearsold.當(dāng)他十歲的時候，他就建立了自己的實驗室。⑥Shesetouttobreaktheworldrecord.她一心努力要打破世界紀(jì)錄。besetin以……為背景setoff出發(fā)，動身，引爆setout動身，啟程；開始；擺放；闡明，陳述setdown放下，使下車，記下setup建立，創(chuàng)建(組織、機構(gòu))；搭建(臨時建筑)；安排(活動)setaside把……放在一邊；宣告無效；駁回；廢止setdown寫下，記下

溫馨提示：setabout后可跟名詞或動名詞，不能跟不定式；setout也有“開始；著手”之意，但其后應(yīng)跟動詞不定式形式。11．完成句子①It’sbetterto______________(留出)somemoneyincaseofemergencies.②Moreandmoreyoungpeoplewantto_________(建立)theirownbusiness.③Youmustbecareful.Aslightesttouchmay______(發(fā)射)thebomb.④Thesoonerwe___________(開始，著手做)it，thesoonerwe’llfinishit.setasidesetupsetoffsetaboutThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme，butthere

only

seemed

to

bepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有沒有什么產(chǎn)品能幫助我。但是，看來只有一種毒死蛇的藥粉。(P20)?thereseemedtobe是therebe句型的變體，表示“似乎有……”。therebe句型中的be有時還可以換成其他表示“有，存在”的詞，如live，stand，lie，remain，appear等。①Thereseemstobesomethingwrongwithmypen.我的鋼筆好像有問題。②Thereremainedjustonepound.只