2024年中考英語二輪復習語法講義 介詞

介詞一、時間介詞in&at&onin世紀、年、月、季、周、早、中、晚前面用in；inMay;in2023;insummer;inthemorningin+一段時間，表在一段時間以后，用于一般將來時。Myfatherwillcomebackin2hours.on星期，幾月幾號（具體的某一天）onMonday;onJune1st一有描述就用ononacoldmorningat鐘點，時刻atseveno'clock固定搭配atnoon,atnight;atdusk,atdawn,attheageoffor&sinceforfor+時間段，表示行為狀態(tài)持續(xù)了多久,常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用Hehaslivedherefor3years.sincesince+時間點/句子,與延續(xù)性動詞的現(xiàn)在完成時連用。Hehaslivedheresince3yearsago./sincehewasachild.before&afterbeforebefore+時間點/表示時間的名詞“在...之前”Myfatherwillcomebackbeforemybirthday.after1.+時間點/表示時間的名詞,與將來時連用,“在...之后”Iwillplaysoccerwithmyfriendsafter17:00.2.+時間段與過去時連用,“在...之后”Theyfinishedtheworkaftertwoyears./from開始時間fromnowon;fromthenonby1.+將來時間點“截止到...為止”與將來時連用Imustarrivethereby10o'clock.2.+過去時間點“截止到...為止”與過去完成時連用Wehadlearned1000wordsbytheendofthisterm.until1.用于肯定句“直到..為止.”Iwaitedforyouuntil10o'clock.2.用于否定句；?？糿ot...until...“直到...才”Ididn'tgotobeduntilten.二、地點介詞in&at&oninin+大地點（洲名/國家名/城市名）inBeijing/Chinaatat+小地點（車站/電影院/學校）Judyarrivesatthecompany（公司）at7:00am.on在...表面(接觸）Thepaintingisonthewall.地域介詞in包含與被包含AnhuiisinthemiddleofChina.on相接RussiaisonthenorthofChina.to相離JapanliestotheeastofChina.樹上介詞onthetree所屬關系Theapplesareonthetree.inthetree外來關系Somebirdsaresinginginthetree.墻上介詞inthewall鑲在墻里（釘子）/onthewall掛在表面（鐘表/海報/日歷）Thereisacalendarhangingonthewall車上介詞onthebike可以站起來onthebike/train/planeinthecar不能站起來inthecarby+交通工具/byair;bysea;bycar/train/plane身上介詞sb+in+衣服衣服、顏色、款式、尺寸等Youlookverybeautifulinred.衣服+on+sb/Thedresslooksbeautifulonyou.注意：在無參照物的情況下，東西南北用in,左右用on;頂部/底部用at三、方位介詞在...位置in在...里面Nineeggsareinthebox.on在...表面Thereisanappleonthedesk.beneath在下方(接觸）Apieceofpaperisbeneaththedesk.over在垂直正上方（不接觸）abridgeovertheriverunder在垂直正下方（不接觸）abikeunderthetreeabove在上方;高于（不接觸）Abirdisflyingabovemyhead.below在下方;低于（不接觸）Thetemperaturedropsbelowzero.opposite在...對面Thelibraryisoppositethepostoffice.behind在...后面HesitsbehindTom.infrontof在……前面（外部）Acarisinfrontofthehouse.inthefrontof在……前面（內(nèi)部）Amanisdrivinginthefrontofthecar.在...周圍/旁near在..附近Mydreamhomeisnearthesea.around在..周圍showsb.aroundtheschoolbeside在..旁邊standbesidethedoorby在..旁邊Ilikereadingbooksbythewindownextto緊挨著Hesitsnexttothewindow在...之間among在...之間（≥3）Ilikejoggingamongallthesports.between在...之間（=2）HesitsbetweenTomandMarry.四、動態(tài)介詞五過介詞through穿過（內(nèi)部）window/door/forest/clouds/crowds/tunnelacross穿過（表面）street/road/bridge/river/China/countryover通過（上方/頂部）Thebridgeisovertheriver.past通過（旁邊）Wewillwalkpastthechurch.along沿著Pleasegoalongthisstreet.for&from&to&toward&alongforfor+目的地IwillleaveShanghaiforBeijingfromfrom+出發(fā)地IwilltravelfromBeijingtoXiamen.toto+目的地IwilltravelfromBeijingtoXiamen.toward（s）朝向Heisrunningtowardthelibrary.along沿著Pleasegoalongthisstreet.onto&into&off&awayonto到...上Heknockedmybooksontotheo進入...里Pleaseputtheeggsintothebox.outof出來Herunoutoftheroomquickly.off脫離Thepowerwascutoffsuddenly.away遠離Thethiefranawayfromthesupermarket.五、方式介詞用...inin+材料、語言ShecansingasonginEnglish.withwith+one's/冠詞+工具Wewritesomethingwithapen.byby+doingIt'sgoodtorelaxbylisteningtomusic.throughthroughsthDoctorscantreatpatientsthroughvideos.六、其他介詞除了besides除...之外，還有（n+1）WeallsupportTombesidesourEnglishteachers.except除...之外（n-1）WealltookpartinthecompetitionexceptTom.exceptfor除...之外（美中不足）Yourworkisperfectexceptforafewmistakes.but除...之外不再有（1）Nobodycanhelpusbutourselves.with&without&withinwith和..一起；具有，帶有Ilikethecakewithstrawberries.without沒有，無Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast.within在...之內(nèi)Iwillbebackwithin10minutes.It's+adjof/forsbtodosth.ofsb形容詞形容人It'skindofyoutohelpme.forsb形容詞形容事/物It'simportantforustosparesometimetodosports./against對抗，打比賽WewillplaybasketballagainstClass3nextSunday.反抗，反對Somestudentsareagainsttheirschoolrules.倚著，靠著Thenurseisagainstthedoorbecausesheissotired.beyond超出;越出Itisbeyondmyreach/abilitylike像....