高考英語閱讀中的難詞 高三下學(xué)期英語作文復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

高考英語閱讀理解高頻難詞題型分析01高頻詞匯：1.alterv.改變,改動(dòng),變更2.burstvi./n.突然發(fā)生,爆裂3.disposevi.除掉；處置；解決；處理(of)4.blastn.爆炸；氣流vi.炸,炸掉5.consumev.消耗,耗盡6.splitv.劈開；割裂；分裂a(bǔ).裂開的7.spitv.吐（唾液等）；唾棄8.spillv.溢出,濺出,倒出9.slipv.滑動(dòng),滑落；忽略10.slidev.滑動(dòng),滑落n.滑動(dòng)；滑面；幻燈片11.bacterian.細(xì)菌12.breedn.種,品種v.繁殖,產(chǎn)仔13.budgetn.預(yù)算v.編預(yù)算,作安排14.candidaten.候選人15.campusn.校園16.liberala.慷慨的；豐富的；自由的17.transformv.轉(zhuǎn)變,變革；變換18.transmitv.傳播,播送；傳遞19.transplantv.移植20.transportvt.運(yùn)輸,運(yùn)送n.運(yùn)輸,運(yùn)輸工具21.shiftv.轉(zhuǎn)移；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)變22.varyv.變化,改變；使多樣化23.vanishvi.消滅,不見24.swallowv.吞下,咽下n.燕子25.suspicionn.懷疑,疑心26.suspiciousa.懷疑的,可疑的27.milda.溫暖的,暖和的；溫柔的,味淡的28.tendera.溫柔的；脆弱的29.nuisancen.損害,妨害,討厭（的人或事物）30.insignificanta.無意義的,無足輕重的；無價(jià)值的31.acceleratevt.加速,促進(jìn)32.absolutea.絕對的,無條件的；完全的33.boundaryn.分界線,邊界34.braken.剎車,制動(dòng)器v.剎?。ㄜ嚕?5.catalogn.目錄（冊）v.編目36.vaguea.模糊的,不明確的37.vainn.徒勞,白費(fèi)38.extincta.絕滅的,熄滅的39.extraordinarya.不平常的,特別的,非凡的40.extremea.極度的,極端的n.極端,過分41.agentn.代理人,代理商；動(dòng)因,原因42.alcoholn.含酒精的飲料,酒精43.appealn./vi.呼吁,懇求44.appreciatevt.重視,賞識,欣賞45.approvev.贊成,同意,批準(zhǔn)46.stimulatevt.刺激,激勵(lì)47.acquirevt.取得,獲得；學(xué)到48.accomplishvt.完成,到達(dá)；實(shí)行49.networkn.網(wǎng)狀物；廣播網(wǎng),電視網(wǎng)；網(wǎng)絡(luò)50.tiden.潮汐；潮流51.tidya.整潔的,整齊的52.tracevt.追蹤,找到n.痕跡,蹤跡53.torturen./vt.拷打,折磨54.wandervi.漫游,閑逛55.waxn.蠟56.weavev.織,編57.preservev.保護(hù),保存,保持,維持58.vaguea.模糊的,不明確的59.vainn.徒勞,白費(fèi)60.extincta.絕滅的,熄滅的61.abusev.濫用,虐待；謾罵62.academica.學(xué)術(shù)的；高等院校的；研究院的63.academyn.（高等）?？圃盒＃粚W(xué)會(huì)64.batteryn.電池（組）65.barriern.障礙；棚欄66.cargon.（船、飛機(jī)等裝載的）貨物67.careern.生涯,職業(yè)68.vesseln.船舶；容器,器皿；血管69.verticala.垂直的70.obligev.迫使,責(zé)成；使感激71.obscurea.陰暗,模糊72.extentn.程度,范圍,大小,限度73.exteriorn.外部,外表a.外部的,外表的74.externala.外部的,外表的,外面的75.petroln.汽油76.petroleumn.石油77.delayvt./n.推遲,延誤,耽擱78.decayvi.腐爛,腐朽79.decenta.像樣的,體面的80.routen.路；路線；航線81.ruinv.毀壞,破壞n.毀滅,[pl.]廢墟82.saken.緣故,理由83.satelliten.衛(wèi)星84.scalen.大小,規(guī)模；等級；刻度85.templen.廟宇86.tediousa.乏味道,單調(diào)的,87.tendvi.易于,趨向88.tendencyn.趨向,趨勢89.ultimatea.極端的,最大的,最終的n.極端90.undergov.經(jīng)歷,遭受91.abundanta.豐富的,充裕的,大量的92.adoptv.收養(yǎng)；采用；采納93.adaptvi.適應(yīng),適合；改編,改寫vt.使適應(yīng)94.bachelorn.學(xué)士,學(xué)士學(xué)位；單身漢95.casuala.偶然的,碰巧的；臨時(shí)的；非正式的96.trapn.陷阱,圈套v.設(shè)陷阱捕捉97.vacanta.空的,未占用的98.vacuumn.真空,真空吸塵器99.orala.口頭的,口述的,口的100.opticsn.（單、復(fù)數(shù)同形）光學(xué)101.organn.器官,風(fēng)琴102.excessn.過分,過量,過剩103.expelv.驅(qū)逐,開除,趕出104.expendv.消費(fèi)105.expendituren.支出,消費(fèi)；經(jīng)費(fèi)106.expensen.開銷,費(fèi)用107.expensivea.花錢多的；價(jià)格高貴的108.expandv.擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)張；展開,膨脹109.expansionn.擴(kuò)大,擴(kuò)充；發(fā)展,膨脹110.privatea.私人的,個(gè)人的111.individuala.個(gè)別的,單獨(dú)的n.個(gè)人,個(gè)體112.personala.個(gè)人的,私人的；親自的114.personneln.[總稱]人員,員工；人事部門115.thePacificOcean太平洋116.theAtlanticOcean大西洋117.theArcticOcean北冰洋118.theAntarcticOcean南冰洋119.grantvt.授予,同意,準(zhǔn)予119.granda.宏偉大,壯麗的,重大的120.invadev.侵入,侵略,侵襲121.acidn.酸,酸性物質(zhì)a.酸的；尖刻的122.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)；致謝123.balconyn.陽臺124.calculatevt.計(jì)算,核算125.calendarn.日歷,月歷126.optimistica.樂觀127.optionala.可以任選的,非強(qiáng)制的128.outstandinga.杰出的,突出的,顯著的129.exportn.出口（物）v.出口,輸出130.importn.進(jìn)口（物）v.進(jìn)口,輸入131.imposevt.把...加強(qiáng)(on)；采用,利用132.religionn.宗教,宗教信仰133.religiousa.宗教的134.victimn.犧牲品,受害者135.videon.電視,視頻a.電視的,錄像的136.videotapen.錄像磁帶v.把...錄在錄像帶上137.offendv.冒犯,觸犯138.botherv.打攪,麻煩139.interferev.干涉,干擾,妨礙140.internala.內(nèi)部的,國內(nèi)的141.beforehandad.預(yù)先,事先142.raciala.人種的種族的143.radiationn.放射物,輻射144.radicala.根本的；激進(jìn)的145.rangen.幅度,范圍v.（在某范圍內(nèi)）變動(dòng)146.wondern.驚奇,奇跡v.想知道,對...感到疑惑147.isolatevt.使隔離,使孤立148.issuen.問題,爭論點(diǎn)；發(fā)行,（報(bào)刊）一期149.hollowa.空的,中空的,空虛道150.hookn.鉤vt.鉤住151.adequatea.適當(dāng)?shù)兀蛔銐?52.adherevi.粘附,附著；遵守,堅(jiān)持153.banvt.取締,禁止154.capturevt.俘虜,捕獲155.valida.有效的,有根據(jù)的；正當(dāng)?shù)?56.valleyn.山谷,峽谷157.consistenta.堅(jiān)固定；一致的,始終如一的158.continuousa.繼續(xù)的,連續(xù)（不斷）的159.continuala.不斷地,頻繁的160.explodev.爆炸；爆發(fā)；激增模擬練習(xí)02StephenHawking(霍金),oneofthemostinfluentialphysicistsofthetwentiethcenturyandperhapsthemostfamousscientistofcontemporaryscience,hasdiedattheageof76.Hisdeathwasmarkedbystatementsfromscientistsaroundtheworld.NeilTyson,directoroftheHaydenPlanetariuminNewYorkCity,wroteonTwitter:“Hispassinghasleftanintelligentvacuum(真空).Butit’snotempty.Thinkofitasakindofvacuumenergy(ascientificterm)spreadingthroughoutspacetime.”“Thereactionamongphysicistsisjustterribleshockandsadness,”saysMalcolmPerry,aCambridgetheoreticalphysicistwhowasastudentofHawking’sintheearly1970s.“Hewasatrulyextraordinaryman,”saysRogerPenrose,atheoreticalphysicistattheUniversityofOxford,UK,whoin1970co-authoredadeeplyinfluentialpaperwithHawkingonthenatureofblackholes.AnotherofHawking’sformerstudentsatCambridge,theoreticalphysicistRaphaelBousso,toldNaturethathisteacherwasabrilliantphysicistwhoalsoexcelledatcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.“Thesearetwooutstandingskills.Stephenexcelledatboth.”RaphaelBousso,nowattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,recallshowhehadtolearntoshakeoffhisawe(敬畏)andrelaxaroundHawking.“Stephenwasajoyfulandlight-heartedperson,nottobeburdenedbymuchtoorespectfulandcomplexinteractions(交往),”hesays.21.WhatdifferentrelationtoHawkingdoesRogerPenrosehavefromtheotherscientistsabove?A.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sco-writer. B.RogerPenrosewasHawking’steacher.C.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sassistant. D.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sstudent.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“both”inParagraph4refersto?A.Anexcellentteacherandabrilliantphysicist.B.Abrilliantphysicistandanexcellentspeaker.C.Trainingabrilliantphysicistandcommunicatingwellwiththepublic.D.Doingscientificresearchesandcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.23.WhatkindofpersonwasHawkingaccordingtoRaphaelBousso? A.Anobleman. B.Amanofhonour. C.Agreatbutsimpleman. D.Amaneasytodealwith.【答案】21—23ADC【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道?；艚鹑ナ?。世界各地科學(xué)家以極高的評價(jià)來懷念他。學(xué)科*網(wǎng)21.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“whoin1970co-authoredadeeplyinfluentialpaperwithHawkingonthenatureofblackholes”可知A項(xiàng)正確。Who此次連接定語從句并指代RogerPenrose。22.D詞義理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“histeacherwasabrilliantphysicistwhoalsoexcelledatcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.“Thesearetwooutstandingskills.”可知D項(xiàng)正確。才華橫溢的科學(xué)家(abrilliantphysicist)，可理解為擅長做科研工作(doscientificresearches)。其它選項(xiàng)都是部分正確、部分錯(cuò)誤。23.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“abrilliantphysicist”,和最后一段中的“nottobeburdenedbymuchtoorespectfulandcomplexinteractions”oneofthebesthopesforatheoryofeverything”可推測出C項(xiàng)正確。Onthefirstdayofhispresidency,DonaldTrump(特朗普)beganmakingchangestothepoliciesofearlierpresidents.AdocumentreleasedbythenewTrumpWhiteHousesaidthepresidentwouldsoonwithdrawfromthe12-nationTrans-PacificPartnershiptradeagreement(12國跨太平洋伙伴貿(mào)易協(xié)定).ThefreetradedealwasnegotiatedbytheObama(奧巴馬)administration.TheWhiteHousewebsitesaidTrumpwouldalsoworktorenegotiatetheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreementknownasNAFTA.＂IfourpartnersrefusearenegotiationthatgivesAmericanworkersafairdeal,thenthePresidentwillgivenoticeoftheUnitedStates’intenttowithdrawfromNAFTA,＂aWhiteHousestatementsaid.Neitheractionwasasurprise.Duringthepresidentialcampaign,TrumpsaidbadtradedealshadhurtemploymentinAmerica.TheNAFTAagreementremovedmosttariffs(關(guān)稅)onproductstradedbetweentheUS,CanadaandMexico.ItwassignedbyPresidentBillClintonin1993.TheTrumpadministrationalsosaiditisreadytocancelwhatitcalled,＂harmfulandunnecessarypolicies.＂AmongthemistheObamaadministration’splantoreducepollutantsfromcoal-poweredelectricityplants.Theclimateplanwasdesignedtocutgasesthatcauseglobalwarming.Anotherisacleanwaterruletoprotectsmallwaterwaysandwetlands(水域和濕地)fromdevelopmentbytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Trumphassaidhewantstocancelandreplaceathirdpolicy,thenationalhealthcarelaw,knownas＂Obamacare.＂TheTrumpadministrationhaspromisedothermajorchanges.Ineducation,forexample,thereareplanstogiveparentsmorechoiceinselectingschoolsfortheirchildren,includingprivate,religiousschools.25.WhowouldhavetheU.S.withdrawfromthefreetradedealnegotiatedbytheObamaadministration?A.TheObamaadministration. B.ThenewTrumpWhiteHouse.C.TheTrumpadministration. D.DonaldTrump.26.InwhichcasewillDonaldTrumpgettheUScontinuetoobserveNAFTA?A.CanadaandMexicoagreetoofferAmericanworkersafairdeal.B.CanadaandMexicoagreetorenegotiateNAFTA.C.CanadaandMexicoagreetoofferworkersafairdeal.D.ThepartnersrefusearenegotiationthatoffersAmericanworkersafairdeal.27.Howmanyp