天津市靜海區(qū)高一英語七選五專題試卷002

天津市靜海區(qū)高一英語七選五專題試卷HowtokeepyourchildinterestedinSpaceScienceDoesyourchildwishtoexploreourgalaxy(星系)?DoesSpaceSciencefascinatehim?____1____.Instead,keepfuellinghisinterest.Readontofindoutwhatyoushoulddo.Firstly,bothyouandyourchildshouldunderstandthatworkingataspacecentredoesn’tmeanbeinganastronaut(宇航員)alone.Staffatspacecentresincludemathematicians.scientists,accountants.humanresourcepersonnel,educatorsandsoon.____2____,yourchildmightevengettosendsomeoneintospace.Excellinginacademicsandphysicalfitnessarethekeypointsforbeingselectedascandidates(候選人).Keepingtheseinmind,let’stakealookatfourwaystokeepfuellingyourchild’sinterestinSpaceScience.1.Readbooks.____3____,introduceyourchildtothemearlyon.Nothinglikebookscantransportyourlittleonesintothefascinatingworldofspace.2.Attendspace-themedparties.Planbirthdayorhousepartiesonthethemeofspace.Involveyourchildand,maybe,hisfriendsorcousins,ingettingtheprops,settingsandcostumesready.____4____.Thatway,thepreparationwillbealearningexperienceforyourchild.3.Goonfieldtrips.Whynotvisitplanetariums(天文館)andspacecentresforholidayoutingswithyourchild?____5____.Yourchildwillgettoseespacescientistsatworkandevengettowatchspecialdocumentariesatthesite.4.Watchspecialspaceevents.Wheneverthereisasatellitelaunchoraneclipse,makesureyougetyourchildtowatchit.Ifyoucandoitlive,thereisnothinglikeit.Therun-uptothecount-downwillsurelyexciteyourchild.Withalltheseactivities,youcansurelykeepyourchild’sinterestinSpaceSciencealive.A．YoucancombinefunandlearningB．IfnotactuallysteppingintospaceC．Trytogo‘home-made’asfaraspossibleD．DonotpreventhimfromdreamingbigE．IfyourchildisdrawntowardsSpaceScienceF．TeachthemnotonlytoaskquestionsbuthowtoresearchanswersG．WhetheritissciencefictionorgeneralknowledgebooksrelatedtospaceManypeoplethinkofsharksasdangerousmonsters.Buthumanbeingscauseafargreaterdangertothemthantheydotous.Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.____6____Whyshouldwesavethesharks?Sharkstakeupthetoppositiononthefoodchainintheocean.Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.____7____Fishthateatalgae(藻類)arealsoincluded.Thiscancausealgaetospreadsomuchthatitdamagescoralreefs.____8____TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.Don’tusesharkproductsFirst,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.____9____Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.Sharkfinsoupisapopulardish.However,theprocessofgettingfinsiscruel.Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.____10____Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.A．Itistimeforchildrentolearnaboutsharks.B．Sharkoilisalsousedinmanypopularbeautyproducts.C．Thenthesharkdiesslowly,sometimesoverseveraldays.D．Actually,thekillingofsharkswillaffectthewholeplanet.E．Peopleinsomecountriesareespeciallykeenonsharkproducts.F．Amongthemaresomeseafishthathumansconsumeeveryday.G．Thisnumberisawarningthatmanykindsofsharksmaydieout.Betweenchildhoodandadulthood,yougothroughmanychanges—jobs,regrettablehaircutsandrelationshipsthatcomeandgo.Butwhataboutwhoyouareatyourcore(核心)?___11___Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.Butaccordingtopsychologists(心理學家),that’snothowitworks;personalitydoesn’tstaythesameallyourlife.___12___That’snottosaythatyou’readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.___13___Inastudy,researchersfollowedsomeadultsformanyyearsuntiltheirearly70s.Theydiscoveredthatadulthood’spersonalityisactuallystableinshorttimeperiods.___14___Theywilllookathowachildreactstotheworld.Researchsuggeststhatourchildhood’smoods—forexample,whetherwe’reeasy-goingorbad-tempered,willingorunwillingtoapproachstrangers—shapeourpersonalityofolderages.___15___Ifachildisalwaysshyandwithdrawn(離群的),hemaygrowintoanunhappyteenager.Onthecontrary,ahappychildhoodusuallyleadstoahappyadulthood.A．Instead,itchanges—developswithage.B．Growingintoadulthood,whatdoyoucareabout?C．Asyougrowolder,doesyourpersonalitychange?D．However,youdon’thavetobesadaboutthechange.E．Infact,thechangecan’tevenbenoticedintheshortterm.F．Psychologistsdon’tstudychildren’spersonalities,however.G．Andtheseearlymoodsseemtoberelatedtoourlateryearsoflife.WaystoprotecteyesfromscreensToomuchscreentimemaycauseseriouseyestrain(眼疲勞）andevenasharpdeclineofeyesight.That'sabigproblemalotofpeoplearefacedwithnowadays,especiallythosewhoworkonacomputer.Thefollowing

tipsmaybehelpful.GetregulareyetestsExpertsrecommendhavingacomprehensiveeyeexameveryyeartodetect(探測）problemsbeforetheydevelop.Duringthistest,youshouldtellthedoctorhowoftenyouuseyourphoneandyourcomputer.____16____

Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.GiveyoureyesspaceThecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.____17____Ifthismakesithardforyoutoread,considerincreasingthesizeofthetextratherthanmovingthescreencloser.TakebreaksThismaynotalwaysbepracticalifyou'requitebusy，butit'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong.____18____Whilesurveyshaveshownthatmanyofficeworkerstakenomorethanhalfanhouraday

awayfromtheircomputer,it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyour

screen.____19____Staringatascreencontinuouslyforhoursonendmaymakeitdifficultforyoutofocus.Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”---lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20

minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.Thesciencebehindhistrickis

thatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.____20____A．Exerciseyoureyes.B．Giveyoureyesachancetorest.C．Makeyourscreenmoreeye-friendly.D．Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.E．Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.F．Makesurethatyouuseyourphoneorcomputerinaroomwherethelightingisbrightenough.G．Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.HowtofindpurposeinlifeIfyou’reaskingyourself,“Whatismypurpose?”you’renotalone.Onestudyshowedthatjust25%ofAmericanadultssaytheyhaveaclearsenseofpurpose.Ifyou’repartoftheother75%,followthesetipstogetstartedonfindingpurposeandmeaninginlife.CreateapersonalvisionstatementApersonalvisionstatementcanhelpyoumanagestressandfindbalanceinyourlife.Itservesasaroadmapthatwillguideyoutowardyourpurposebyidentifying(識別)yourcorevalueandestablishingwhat’simportanttoyou.Apurposestatementmakesiteasierforyoutomakedecisionsinaccordancewithyourvalued.___21___ExploreyourpassionsYourpassionsandinterestsareagoodindicatoroftheareainwhichyourlifepurposemightlie.___22___They’resodeeplyfixedinourwaysofthinkingthatwecanbecomeblindtothem.Ifyou’renotsurewhatyourpassionsare,askthepeoplewhoknowyoubest.Likely,you’realreadypursuingtheminsomewaywithoutevenrealizingit.GivebackGivingbackcanenhanceyoursenseofmeaningandpurposeinlife.Thismeansthatwhenyouhelpothers,youalsohelpyourself.___23___Youmightwanttovolunteerinyourlocalcommunityordonateyourmoneyorskillstoacausethatresonates(共鳴)withyou.Ortryspreadingalittlehappinessbyperformingrandomactsofkindness.Turnyourpainintopurpose___24___Overcomingthesechallengedshapeswhowebecomeandgivesusouruniquestrengthsandperspective.Manypeopleaskforhelpwhenstrugglingtoovercomeamajorlifechange.Somelaterfindtheirpurposeinhelpingothersfacingsimilarstruggletothosetheyhaveovercome.Somechooseacareerworkingdirectlywithpeople,suchasasocialworker.Othersfindwaystotouchthelivesofothersthroughthearts,suchaswriting.___25___A．Weallfacestrugglesinlife.B．Lookforwaystobeofservice.C．Buttheycanbehardtoidentify.D．Findingpurposeinlifecansometimesbehard.E．Youmayevendiscoveryourpurposethroughthem.F．Howyoutransformyourpainintopurposeisuptoyou.G．Italsohelpsyoustaymotivatedasyouworktowardyourpersonalgoals.Sometimeswejustcan’tavoidadiscussionturningintoanargument.Ifyoudostartarguingwithsomeone.itisimportanttokeepthingsundercontrolandtherearewaystodothis.Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.Thatwilljustmaketheotherpersonlosetheirtempertoo.____26____Say“I’msorry”andcontinuetotalkcalmlyandquietly,andthenyourpartnerwillbemorereadytothinkaboutwhatyouaresaying.____27____Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.Justconcentrateonsolvingtheoneproblemyouarehaving.Forexample,ifyou’rearguingaboutthehousework,don’tstarttalkingaboutmobilephonebillsaswell.Andmyfinaltipisthat,ifnecessary,youcancall“Timeout”,likeinasportsmatch.Ifanargumentisgettingoutofcontrol,youcansaytotheotherperson,“l(fā)isten,I’drathertalkaboutthistomorrowwhenwe’vebothcalmeddown”.Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.____28____Also,youmayfindtheproblemmucheasiertosolvewhenyou’vebothhadagoodnight’ssleep.Iwanttosayonelastimportantthing.____29____Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.Ifyoudon’tlearntoargueproperly,thenwhenarealproblemcomesalong,youwon’tbepreparedtofaceittogether.Thinkofthesmallerargumentsastraining.Learnhowtoarguecleanlyandfairly.____30____A．Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.B．Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.C．Youmaybelievethatarguingisimpossibletoavoid.D．Thesecondthingisthatyoushouldfindagoodtopic.E．Itwillhelpyourrelationshipbecomestrongerandlastlonger.F．Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.G．Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.Whatiscrosscountryrunning?Crosscountryisanoutdoorendurance(耐久性)sportthatcanbementallychallengingandfun.____31____You’renotonlyputtingonefootinfrontoftheother;you’realsothinkingaheadtobarriersandchangesinthetrailorcourse.____32____However,beforeyoubegintrainingandracing,youshouldbeawareofpotentialinjuriesandhowtoavoidthem.Howcanyoupreventcrosscountryrunninginjuries?Thebestwaysforoutdoorrunnerstostayhealthyincludethefollowingrunningtips:Stretchdaily.Forallrunnersandathletes,aregularstretchingroutineisanimportantpartofconditioning.____33____Warmupandcooldown.Musclesandtendons(跟腱)arelesslikelytooverstretchortearifthey’vebeenproperlypreparedforrunningandracing.High-intensityworkoutsrequiremoreprepandpost-workoutcooldownthanlow-impactactivities.Weartherightshoes.Makesureyourshoesfitproperlyandthattheyareneithertootight-fittingnortooloose.____34____Eatanddrinkenough.Competitivedistancerunnersliketokeeptheirweightlow.However,consumingtoofewcaloriescanharmyourbody,especiallyifyou’reagirlorwomansubjecttoeatingdisorders.____35____It’seffectivetopreventinjuryandheatillness.Rememberthatespeciallyinfullsunorinhumidregionsofthestate,youparticularlytendtohaveheatstroke.Drinkplentyofwaterbeforeandafterrunning.A．Crosscountryrunningisasportrequiringmoney.B．Tiedouble-knotstopreventtrippingoverundonelaces.C．It’smostlyverysafeincomparisontootherteamsports.D．Haveawell-balanceddietandbesuretostaywell-hydrated.E．Youmayencounterunexpected,non-naturalbarriers.F．Itisneededtokeepyourbones,joints,andmuscleshealthy.G．Thistypeofrunningandracinghasbothaphysicalandpsychologicalrole.FourWaystoBeattheMondayBluesFormostworkersandstudents,Mondayisthetoughestday,whichimpliesthatthehappyweekendisover,whilethenewweekofworkandstudyhasjustbegun.However,Mondayalwayscomesasusual.____36____Thefollowingfourtipscanhelpyougreetthecomingweekfullofenergy.____37____Insteadoffocusingonthedifficulttasksthatlieaheadofyou,youcanmakealistbywritingdownsomethingsthatyouarelookingforwardto.Agoodplacetostartistothinkofonethingyouareexcitedaboutforeachcategory:atwork,afterwork,andattheweekend.Sleephasahugeeffectonourmood.AccordingtoHarvardMedicalSchool,“poorsleepcancauseeasyangerandstress,whilehealthysleepcanincreasewell-being.”So,nexttimeifyoufindyourselfalittlemoreshort-temperedthannormal,sleepmaybetheanswer.____38____It’sworthtakingthisintoconsiderationonSundaytoavoidalackofenergyonaMondaymorning.Don’tunderestimate（低估）thepowerofclothing.Infact,psychologistsconcludethatthestronglinkbetweenclothingandmoodsuggestsweshouldputonclothesthatweassociatewithhappiness,evenwhenfeelinglow.____39____KeepMonday’sschedulealittlelighterthanotherdays.Afteraweekendoffun,don’tgiveyourselfatootightschedule,pleasetakeiteasy.____40____Itmeansputtingsometimeintotheeasiertasks.PuttinglesspressureonyourselfisagoodwaytobeattheMondayBlues.A．Justdosmallandeasythings.B．Thinkaboutallthegoodtocome.C．Sinceyoucan’tescape,you’dbetterfaceitbravely!D．Thisdoesn’tmeansittingaroundandbeinglostinyourblues.E．ReduceMondayBluesbyallowingyourselftodoeverythingwithmoreease.F．Inshort,nothingisbetterthanwearingwhatmakesyoufeelgreatonMonday!G．Takeanaptoenergizeorgettobedearliertonighttomakeupforsleep.Howtopreservethelockdown’sslowerpaceThelast15monthsofpandemicforcedaslowdowninfamilies’often-crazedpace.Sportsandafter-schoolactivitiesalldisappearedin2020.Now,communitiesreopenandcalendarsagainfillwithsummerplans.____41____Inarecentresearch,31percentoffamiliessaidthattheyplantotakepartinfewerafter-schoolactivities.Megan,amotheroftwoteenagers,learnedhowstressfulacrowdedschedulecouldbe.Now,withlessrunningaroundtosportsandsingingpractices,bothMeganandherchildrenareenjoyingthesimplethingsinlife.____42________43____Infact,allofusnowhaveauniqueopportunitytoturntowhatwecareaboutandtobeintentionalaboutourtime.Todoso,makealistoftheprosandconsofyourliferightnow,andrefertothatlistasyourcalendarfillsup.It’simportanttoidentifyandestablishboundariestohelppreservethepros.____44____Whenmakingyourlistofprosandcons,bespecificaboutanyofyourdailyinteractionsthatwereharmful,relationshipsthatwereunproductive,andthelifepatternsthatmadeyouunhappy.Riddingaharmfulpersonofyourlifecanbetrickierthansettingasideahobby.____45____Ifthepandemichasbeenawelcomedismissal(摒棄)oftheserelationships,thismomentisthebestchanceyoumighteverhavetodoso.A．Thepandemicchallengedparentseverywhere.B．Thechancetochangeattitudesisn’tjustforparents.C．Sosetupreminderstoreduceyourscheduleregularly.D．Butweallhaverelationshipsthatdon’tbenefitbothsides.E．Theyspendtimeatthediningtableandevenoutdoorstogether.F．Someparentsarestilldeterminedtoholdontotherelaxedpace.G．Youshouldconsideranypeopleinyourlifewhodragyoudown.Goodstudyhabitsplayanimportantroleinraisingconfidenceandgettinghighermarksinexams.Ofcourse,it’susuallyhardtobuildlastingstudyhabitsatfirst,butitwon’tbetoolongbeforeyournewgoodhabitsbecomepartofyourroutine.____46____Setadailystudytime.Studyingforatestbeginswellbeforeyoureachexamday.____47____Byreservingaspecifictimeeachdayforstudying,itcanbeeasiertofocus,becauseyouwon’thavetoworryaboutanyotherthingscompetingforyourattention.Arrangeyourstudyspace.Chooseanareathatisclean,well-lit,andfreeofdistractions.Avoidsittinginfrontofthetelevisionoraroundabusypartofyourhome.Somepeopleliketostudyinthelibraryorcoffeeshop.____48____Turnoffyourelectronics.Electronicdevicesareabigdistraction,soremembertoturnoffyourphoneandtelevision.Keepyourcellphoneawayfromyou,asitwilldistractyou.____49____Whenyouneedtouseyourcomputerwhilestudying,stayawayfromsocialmedia,emails,andoff-topicwebsites.____50____Planasmallrewardforeachdayyoustudy,suchastimeplayingyourfavoritegame,apieceofcandy,ormoneytosetasideforsomethingyoureallywant.Thinkofaweeklyrewardformeetingeachdailygoalthatweek,suchasafewhourswithyourfriends.A．Youshouldsetasidetimeeverydaytostudy.B．Onlycheckyourmessagesduringbreaktime.C．Rewardyourselfformeetingyourstudygoals.D．Leaveyourselfenoughtimeforgamesortimewithfriends.E．Tobetteryourstudyhabits,youcanemployefficientwaysofstudying.F．Breaktheinformationdownsoyou’reonlydealingwithalittleeachday.G．Butthismaynotworkforyouifyou’reeasilydistractedbymovementornoises.【參考答案】***試卷處理標記，請不要刪除1．無1、D牝2、B牝3、G牝4、A牝5、F【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了如何讓你的孩子對空間科學感興趣。牝1、下文“Instead,keepfuelinghisinterest.”（相反，繼續(xù)激發(fā)他的興趣。）說明此處前后句意思完全相反，后句說要激發(fā)孩子的興趣，前句說不要傷害孩子的興趣，與選項D.Donotpreventhimfromdreamingbig（不要阻止他做遠大夢想）相一致。故選D項。牝2、下文“yourchildmightevengettosendsomeoneintospace.”（你的孩子甚至可能把某人送入太空。）說明你的孩子可以送別人進入太空，如果你的孩子自己進不了太空的話，與選項B.Ifnotactuallysteppingintospace（如果不是真正踏入太空）相一致。故選B項。牝3、下文“introduceyourchildtothemearlyon”（盡早將它們介紹給您的孩子）說明要讓孩子盡早接觸太空探索類的書籍，與選項G.Whetheritissciencefictionorgeneralknowledgebooksrelatedtospace（無論是科幻小說還是與太空有關的一般知識書籍）相一致，即不論與太空探索相關的任何書，都可以讓孩子盡早接觸。故選G項。牝4、根據(jù)上文“Attendspace-themedparties.Planbirthdayorhousepartiesonthethemeofspace.(參加太空主題派對。以空間為主題計劃生日或家庭聚會。)”和下文“Thatway,thepreparationwillbealearningexperienceforyourchild.”（這樣，準備工作對您的孩子來說將是一次學習經歷。）可知，空處表示在舉辦太空派對的同時學到一些東西，承上啟下，與選項A.Youcancombinefunandlearning(你可以把樂趣和學習結合起來)相一致。故選A項。牝5、下文“Yourchildwillgettoseespacescientistsatworkandevengettowatchspecialdocumentariesatthesite.”（您的孩子將看到工作中的太空科學家，甚至可以在現(xiàn)場觀看特別紀錄片。）說明要讓孩子親自、實地去探查，與選項F.Teachthemnotonlytoaskquestionsbuthowtoresearchanswers（教他們不僅要問問題，還要教他們如何研究答案）相一致，即讓孩子去探索答案。故選F項。6、G牝7、F牝8、D牝9、B牝10、C【導語】這是一篇說明文，文章講述為什么要保護鯊魚以及如何保護鯊魚。牝6、根據(jù)上文“Althoughsharkattacksdooccur,theyarequiterare.Accordingtooneestimate,however,humanskill100millionsharkseveryyear.(雖然鯊魚襲擊事件確實發(fā)生，但卻非常罕見，然而，據(jù)估計，人類每年殺死1億只鯊魚)”可知，人類每年殺死1億只鯊魚，下文“Whyshouldwesavethesharks?(為什么我們應該保護鯊魚)”提到我們應該保護鯊魚，所以G項“這個數(shù)字是一個警告，許多種類的鯊魚可能會滅絕”符合語境，G項中“Thisnumber”指代上文的“100million”，故選G項。牝7、上文“Assharksdieoff,thepopulationoftheanimalsthatsharksconsumewillincrease.This,inturn,meansthatthenumberofthecreaturesthoseanimalseatwilldrop.(隨著鯊魚的死亡，鯊魚所食用的動物的數(shù)量將會增加。反過來，這就意味著這些動物吃的生物數(shù)量會減少)”提到鯊魚數(shù)量減少會使其引以為食的動物數(shù)量增加，這些動物引以為食的生物數(shù)量就會減少，結合下文“Fishthateatalgae(藻類)arealsoincluded.(吃藻類的魚也包括在內)”中的also可知，空處應是提到數(shù)量減少的生物包括哪些，F(xiàn)項“其中有一些是人類每天食用的海魚”符合語境，F(xiàn)項中的“them”指代上文的“thecreatures”，故選F項。牝8、根據(jù)下文“TheoceannotonlyproducesmoreoxygenthanalltherainforestsonEarthcombined,butalsoremoveshalfoftheman-madegreenhousegasfromtheatmosphere.Oncesharksdieoff,theglobalecosystemwillbeupset,affectingallcreaturesincludinghumanbeings.(海洋不僅產生的氧氣比地球上所有熱帶雨林的總和還要多，而且還從大氣中消除了一半的人為溫室氣體。一旦鯊魚滅絕，全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)將被破壞，影響到包括人類在內的所有生物)”可知，本段是講述鯊魚數(shù)量減少對全球的影響，D項“事實上，捕殺鯊魚會影響到整個地球”統(tǒng)領本段，符合語境。故選D項。牝9、根據(jù)上文“First,vitaminenergydrinksandleathergoodscanbemadefromsharkparts.(首先，鯊魚的部分可以制成維生素能量飲料和皮革制品)”及下文“Inaddition,sharkmeatissoldaroundtheworld,sometimesundermisleadingnamessuchasrocksalmonorwhitefish.(此外，鯊魚肉在世界各地銷售，有時會被冠以誤導性的名字，如巖鮭或白魚)”可知，本段是描述鯊魚制品，B項“鯊魚油也被用于許多流行的美容產品中”符合語境，故選B項。牝10、根據(jù)上文“Fishermencuttheshark’sfinsoffandthenthrowthesharkbackintothewater,stillalive.(漁民割下鯊魚的魚鰭，然后把還活著的鯊魚扔回水中)”可知，被割掉魚鰭的鯊魚被扔回海里，結合下文“Sharksbreathebyswimming,soasharkthatcan’tswimwilldie.(鯊魚通過游泳呼吸，所以不會游泳的鯊魚會死亡)”可知，沒有魚鰭的鯊魚不會游泳，所以幾天就會死亡，C項“然后鯊魚慢慢死去，有時會持續(xù)幾天”符合語境，故選C項。11、C牝12、A牝13、E牝14、F牝15、G【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了隨著年齡的增長，人的性格也會發(fā)生變化，童年的情緒會塑造之后的性格。牝11、下文“Personalityisthepatternofthoughts,feelingsandbehaviorsuniquetoaperson.Peopletendtothinkofpersonalityasfixed.”（性格是一個人特有的思想、情感和行為模式。人們往往認為性格是固定不變的。）說明性格是人所固有的思想、情感和行為模式，C項中personality是關鍵詞，“隨著年齡的增長，你的性格會改變嗎？”承上啟下，符合題意。故選C項。牝12、上文“Butaccordingtopsychologists,that’snothowitworks;personalitydoesn’tstaythesameallyourlife.”（但心理學家認為，這不是它的工作原理；性格并不是一輩子不變的。）說明性格是會發(fā)生變化的，A項“相反，它會隨著年齡的增長而變化?！闭f明性格會隨著年齡增長而變化，符合題意。故選A項。牝13、上文“That’snottosaythatyou’readifferentpersoneachdayyouwakeup.”（這并不是說你每天醒來都是一個不同的人。）說明性格并不是每天都有很大變化的，E項“事實上，這種變化甚至在短期內都不會被注意到?！闭f明短期內性格變化并不明顯，符合題意。故選E項。牝14、下文“Theywilllookathowachildreactstotheworld.”（他們將觀察孩子對世界的反應。）說明研究人員會觀察孩子們的行為，F(xiàn)項中Psychologists和children’spersonalities是關鍵詞，“然而，心理學家并不研究兒童的性格?！闭f明心理學家并不研究兒童的性格，他們只是觀察孩子們的行為，符合題意。故選F項。牝15、下文“Ifachildisalwaysshyandwithdrawn,hemaygrowintoanunhappyteenager.Onthecontrary,ahappychildhoodusuallyleadstoahappyadulthood.”（如果一個孩子總是害羞和孤僻，他可能會成長為一個不快樂的青少年。相反，快樂的童年通常會帶來快樂的成年。）說明孩子時候的情緒會影響之后的生活，G項“這些早期的情緒似乎與我們之后的生活有關。”符合題意。故選G項。16、E牝17、G牝18、B牝19、A牝20、D【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了當今許多人面臨的一個大問題——經常面對電子屏幕導致眼睛疲勞，文章提出了幾種保護眼睛免受屏幕傷害的方法。牝16、根據(jù)后句“Tellyourdoctoraboutit,andyoureyescanbetestedmoreaccuratelyatthatdistance.(把這件事告訴你的醫(yī)生，這樣你的眼睛就能在這個距離上得到更準確的檢測)”可知，作者建議將距離告訴醫(yī)生，以尋求更準確的檢測，可推知，這里是建議大家測距離。選擇項E“Youshouldalsomeasurethedistancefromyoureyestoyourscreenatwork.(你還應該在工作時測量眼睛到屏幕的距離。)”符合上下文語境，且選擇項E中的“distance”與下文一致。故選E項。牝17、根據(jù)前句“Thecloseryourphone/computerscreenistoyoureyes,thehardertheyhavetoworktofocus.(手機/電腦屏幕離眼睛越近，眼睛就越難集中注意力。)”可知，這里說明屏幕與臉部之間應該保持的距離。選擇項G“Studiesoneyestrainsuggestthatcomputerscreensshouldbenocloserthan40cmfromyourface.(關于眼疲勞的研究表明，電腦屏幕距離你的臉不應超過40厘米。)”符合上下文語境。故選G項。牝18、根據(jù)前句“it'simportantnottostaredirectlyatascreenfortoolong(不要長時間盯著屏幕很重要)”建議人們不要長時間盯著屏幕，設空處承上啟下。且下文“it'srecommendedthatyoutakea15-minutebreakaftereverytwohoursspentatyourscreen(建議你每看兩個小時屏幕后休息15分鐘)”建議人們適當休息。選擇項B“Giveyoureyesachancetorest.(給你的眼睛一個休息的機會。)”符合上下文語境。故選B項。牝19、根據(jù)下文“Toavoidthis,manyeyeexpertsrecommendthe“20-20-20rule”—lookingawayfromyourphone/computerscreenevery20minutesandfocusingonanobjectatleast20feetawayforatleast20seconds.(為了避免這種情況，許多眼科專家推薦“20-20-20規(guī)則”，也就是每20分鐘讓眼睛離開手機或電腦屏幕，盯著20英尺（約合0.9米）以外的物體看至少20秒)”可推知，本段主要建議大家鍛煉眼睛來緩解疲勞。選擇項A“Exerciseyoureyes.(鍛煉你的眼睛。)”符合上下文語境。故選A項。牝20、根據(jù)前句“Thesciencebehindhistrickisthatlookingatobjectsatadistancerelaxesthefocusingmuscleintheeye.(這個把戲背后的科學原理是，看遠處的物體會放松眼睛的聚焦肌肉。)”解釋了為什么“20-20-20規(guī)則”可以放松眼睛，緩解疲勞。選擇項D“Studiesshowit’saneffectivewaytoreducetiredness.(研究表明這是減少疲勞的有效方法。)”符合上下文語境。故選D項。21、G牝22、C牝23、B牝24、A牝25、F【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了在生活中找到目標的方法。牝21、上文“Apurposestatementmakesiteasierforyoutomakedecisionsinaccordancewithyourvalued.(目標陳述使你更容易根據(jù)自己的價值觀做出決策)”說明目標陳述的重要作用，G項中It指代上文中的Apurposestatement，G項“它還可以幫助你在努力實現(xiàn)個人目標的過程中保持動力?！边M一步說明目標陳述的作用，承接上文，符合題意。故選G項。牝22、上文“Yourpassionsandinterestsareagoodindicatoroftheareainwhichyourlifepurposemightlie.(你的激情和興趣是你人生目標所在領域的好的標志)”說明激情和興趣可以幫助你確定人生目標，以及下文“They’resodeeplyfixedinourwaysofthinkingthatwecanbecomeblindtothem.(它們在我們的思維方式中根深蒂固，以至于我們可能會對它們視而不見)”說明我們可能對激情和興趣視而不見，C項中they指代上文中的passionsandinterests，C項“但是它們可能很難識別?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合題意。故選C項。牝23、下文“Youmightwanttovolunteerinyourlocalcommunityordonateyourmoneyorskillstoacausethatresonateswithyou.Ortryspreadingalittlehappinessbyperformingrandomactsofkindness.(你可能想在當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)做志愿者，或者把你的錢或技能捐給一個與你產生共鳴的事業(yè)?；蛘邍L試通過隨意的善舉來傳播一點快樂)”說明具體的回饋的方法，B項“尋找有用的方法?！币鱿挛?，符合題意。故選B項。牝24、上文“Turnyourpainintopurpose(把你的痛苦變成目標)”說明要將你的痛苦變成目標，A項中struggles指代上文提到的痛苦，A項“我們在生活中都面臨著掙扎?！背薪由衔?，下文的challenges與符合題意。故選A項。牝25、上文“Somechooseacareerworkingdirectlywithpeople,suchasasocialworker.Othersfindwaystotouchthelivesofothersthroughthearts,suchaswriting.(有些人選擇直接與人合作的職業(yè)，如社會工作者。另一些人則通過寫作等藝術來接觸他人的生活)”說明不同的人會采用不同的方式接觸社會和與人合作，F(xiàn)項“如何將痛苦轉化為目標取決于你自己。”說明對于自己而言，如何做是取決于自己的，承接上文，符合題意。故選F項。26、G牝27、A牝28、F牝29、B牝30、E【導讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要告訴我們，當我們無法避免把一場討論變成一場爭論時，控制爭論是很重要的，以及控制爭論的一些方法。牝26、本段第一句Themostimportantthing:don’traiseyourvoice.(最重要的是：不要提高嗓門。)是本段主題句，G項“Ifyoufindyourselfdoingthis,stopforamomentandtakeadeepbreath.(如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在這樣做，停下來，并且深呼吸。)”對此主題句做出進一步解釋，其中的指示代詞this指的就是上文的“提高嗓門”，即“如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己提高了嗓門，就請停下來，并且深呼吸?！惫蔬xG項。牝27、下文“Trytokeeptothetopicyouaretalkingabout.(盡量專注于你所談論的話題。)”談的是要盡量專注于你所談論的話題，并且舉例說明，是對段首句的解釋。所以此空位于句首，A項“Itisalsoveryimportanttosticktothepoint.(不要離題也是非常重要的。)”作為段落主題句，符合題意。故選Ａ項。牝28、上文“Youcanthencontinuethediscussionthenextdaywhenperhapsbothofyouarefeelinglesstenseandangry.(第二天你們可以繼續(xù)討論，也許那時你們倆都感到不那么緊張和憤怒了。)”說的是暫停并冷靜之后的好處就是“不再感到那么緊張和憤怒了”。所以接著用F項“Youaremorelikelytoreachanagreementwhenyouarebothcalm.(當你們都冷靜時，你們更有可能達成協(xié)議。)”繼續(xù)說暫停并冷靜之后的好處是“有可能達成協(xié)議”。故選Ｆ項。牝29、下文“Thisisnottrue.Conflictnormalpartoflife,anddealingwithitisanimportantpartofanyrelationship.(這不是真的。沖突是生活的正常部分，處理它是任何關系的重要組成部分。)”中的“This”就是指上文B項“Somepeoplethinkthatarguingisalwaysbad.(有些人認為爭論總是不好的。)，即“爭論總是不好的”這種認為不是真的。然后繼續(xù)解釋，有爭論有沖突都是正常的事。故選Ｂ項