江蘇省無錫市普通高中2020-2021學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測試題（含解析）

江蘇省無錫市普通高中20202021學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期終教學(xué)質(zhì)量抽測試題（含解析）注意事項及說明：1.考試前請將密封線內(nèi)的項目填寫清楚。2.試卷分第一卷（選擇題）和第二卷（非選擇題），共150分，考試時間120分鐘。3.答案一律寫在答題紙／卡上?？荚嚱Y(jié)束時，上交答題紙／卡。第一卷（共100分）第一部分聽力測試（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題紙／卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.2.WhyisthemanleavingforAfrica?A.Hewantstolearnmedicinethere.B.Hehasgotanewjobthere.C.Hewantstomakemoremoney.3.Whatisthelegalspeedlimit?A.65milesperhour.B.75milesperhour.C.90milesperhour.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.Seethemanoff.B.Catchthetrain.C.Goshopping.5.Whatdoesthemanreallymean?A.Hewillgotothecinema.B.Hewillworkwiththewoman.C.Hewillprepareforhisphysicsexam.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A.Ataparty.B.Onthestreet.C.Onthephone.7.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthewomanandTom?A.Neighbors.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.聽第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.HowlongdoesthemanspendontheInterneteachday?A.Sevenhours.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Twoorthreehours.9WhatdoesthemanusuallydoontheInternet?A.Dosomeshopping.B.Searchforinformation.C.Chatwithfriends.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewomandoing?A.SheisintroducingMountEverest.BSheisplayingajokeontheman.C.SheiswalkingonthetopofEverest.I1.Wherewasthephototaken?A.Inaphotobooth.B.OnMountEverest.C.Athome.12.WhowalkedupMountEverestduringtheholiday?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.None.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13Whatisthewoman'sproblem?A.Shehasn'tpreparedforherpresentation.B.Sheoftengetsnervouswhenspeakinginpublic.C.Shehasgotapoorgradeinherpresentation.14Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodowhenspeakinginpublic?A.Talkaboutpsychology.B.Forgetaboutpeople.C.Thinkaboutalearnedbehavior.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutchildren?ATheybeenervousmoreeasilythanwomendo.B.Theyareunfortableperforminginfrontofadults.C.Theybeenervouslessfrequentlythanadultsdo.16.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Visittheman'sfriend.B.Giveanotherpresentation.C.Goforhernextclass.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatcanweknowaboutthehealthcentre?A.Itwillopennextmonth.BIt'snearthedowntown.C.Thereisnocarpark18Whencanpeopletakeswimmingcourses?A.Everyday.B.EverydayexceptSundays.C.Weekdaysonly.19WhatcourtswillthelocalschooluseinJuneandJulyinthecentre?A.Tenniscourts.B.Footballcourts.C.Basketballcourts.20Howlonginadvanceshouldpeoplebookthetenniscourts?A.1weekB.2weeks.C.4weeks.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題：每小題分，滿分分）請認真閱讀下面各題，從題中所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙／卡上將該項涂黑。ABeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.Thosewhowillreceivethevaccinesincludenursinghomekitchenworkers,securityguardsandcleaners.BeijingDailyreportedonFriday.XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents(居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument(文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.,"Xingsaid,addingtheyhavebeenusingmethodssuchaskeepingdetailedrecordsofresidentcontactsoutsidethenursinghome,andencouragingonlinevisitsforfamilymembers..Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.InlateOctober,Shaoxing,ZhejiangprovincecarriedoutanemergencyCOVTD19vaccineprogram,allowingthepublictoaskforinjections(注射）inadvance,withkeygroupsfirst.AsimilarprogramwasalsoorganizedinJiaxing,NingboandYiwuinZhejiang.Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials(臨床試驗）.ThedocumentfromBeijingalsosaidnursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting(核酸檢測）everymonthamongkitchenworkersandresidentswholeavethenursinghomestoseeadoctor.Testswillcoverallpeopleinnursinghomesconsideredathighriskifnewinfectionsarereportedinthecity.Besides,routinedisinfections(消毒）shouldbestrengthenedinkitchens,storeroomsandrestrooms,itsaid.Thedocumentalsoremendednoncontactvisitsfromfamilymembers.1.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthisarticle?A.Inanewspaper. B.Inafashionmagazine.C.Inabookreview. D.Inatraveljournal.2.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraphs4and5?A.Thenursinghomekeptdetailedrecordsofresidents,B.Allthememberswillmakepreparationsforinjections.C.Thenursinghometakespreventionandcontrolseriously.D.Jiaxingisthefirstcitytohavecarriedoutanemergencyprogram.3.Howcanweunderstandtheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph7?A.Chinaisprovidingvaccinationsnationwide.B.Chinahasmadegreatprogressincoronavirusvaccines.C.Chainhastakentheleadincoronavirusvaccinesworldwide.D.Thefourcandidatevaccineshavefinishedclinicaltrails4.What'sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Nursinghomesshouldconductnucleicacidtesting.B.Beijingnursinghomesaretobeprovidedvaccines.C.CertaingroupswillhavevaccinesfirstinlateJune.D.Routinedisinfectionsshouldbestrengthenedinkitchens.5.What'stheXingYinli'sattitudetowardsvaccinations?A.Supportive. B.Curious.C.Doubtful. D.Dissatisfied【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B5.A【解析】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章圍繞北京市政府為養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)中的老年人和護理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情而展開報道?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)中的老年人和護理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情。）”可知，首段是導(dǎo)語，接下來文章內(nèi)容都是圍繞其展開，因此文章顯然是一篇新聞報道，那只能出現(xiàn)在報紙上，而不是時尚雜志、書評、游記。故選A項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“It’sourtopdutytostrengthenpreventionandcontrol.（加強防控是我們的首要任務(wù)。）”和第五段“Astovaccinations,shesaidtheywillaskforpermissionfromresidents,theirfamilymembersandworkersbeforegivingvaccines.（至于接種疫苗，她說，他們在接種疫苗前將向居民、他們的家人和工作人員申請許可。）”可知，養(yǎng)老院重視預(yù)防和控制。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Nationwide,emergencyuseofhomegrownCOVID19vaccineswasapprovedinJuneandlaunchedinlateJuly.Chinanowhasfourcoronaviruscandidatevaccinesinthethirdstageclinicaltrials.”可知在全國范圍內(nèi)，6月批準緊急使用國產(chǎn)COVID19疫苗，7月下旬開始使用。中國目前有四種冠狀病毒候選疫苗正在進行第三階段臨床試驗。由此判斷出，中國在冠狀病毒疫苗方面取得了很大進展。故選B項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“BeijingwillprovideCOVID19vaccinations(接種疫苗）forcertaingroupsinnursinghomes,includingtheelderlyandcaregivers,onavoluntarybasistopreventarenewedoutbreakatnursinghomesduringautumnandwinter,thelocalgovernmentsaid.（北京市政府表示，將在自愿的基礎(chǔ)上，為養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)中的老年人和護理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗，以防止秋冬期間養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)再次爆發(fā)疫情。）”和全文來看，這篇文章主要圍繞北京市政府為養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)中的老年人和護理人員等特定人群接種新冠肺炎疫苗展開報道。故選B項。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)名字定位到三四五段，第三段的“XingYinli,directorofJingkangyuan,anursinghomeinFengtaidistrictwithabout290elderlyresidents（居民），saidtheyhavereceivedthedocument（文件）recentlyandwillstrictlyfollowitsguidance.”景康園養(yǎng)老院位于豐臺區(qū)，約有290名老年居民。該養(yǎng)老院的主任邢銀利表示，他們最近已經(jīng)收到了該文件，并將嚴格遵守其指導(dǎo)。由此判斷出，邢銀利對接種育苗是支持的。故選A項。BIfapresident,aphilosopher,and,andoneofthebestsellingauthorsofalltimepraisedthesamesecretfortheirsuccess,wouldyoutrytofollowittoo?Infact,youprobablydoiteveryday.Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.Areyoustillsittingtherereadingthis?Getwalking!Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouskey.You'veprobablyheardthephraseexerciseyourcreativity,whichreferstothebrainasmuscle.Ourcreativemindset(思維模式）istriggered(觸發(fā)）byphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalkingwithyourdog,afriend,oralonehelpscreativethinking.Researchershavediscoveredalotofconnectionsbetweenwalkingandproducingideas.AStanfordUniversitystudyfoundthatparticipants(參與者），were81%morecreativewhenwalkingasopposedtositting.Besides,thesceneryisalmostasimportantasthesweat.Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems.Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourfortzone,whichisnecessaryifyourwanttoopenyourmindtonewpossibilities.Youcanwalkthroughatreefilledneighborhood.Youcanwalkthroughaparkandobservepeoplehangingaroundorbirdssinging.Evenwhenyouwalkdownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutnoticethesweetsmellsflowingfromafoodcartorthechildpointingtoabuildingyouhadn'tevenpaidattentiontobefore.Finally,ourbrainsworkhardertoprocessindifferentenvironments,sowalkingoutsidestrengthenourabilitytocollectnewideas,totakeinnewsights,soundsandsmells."Forestbathing",isamonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan.RecentstudiesshowthatbeingintheforestTowersyourstresslevels.Theeffectsaresopowerfulthat"Forestbathing"isnowagovernmentprovedpolicyinJapan.,Butyoudon'thavetolivenearaaforesttoreceivethepsychological(心理的）benefits.Researchhasshownthatimmersion(沉浸）innature,andthedisconnectionfrommultimediaandtechnologyincreaseperformanceonacreativeproblemsolvingtaskbyafull50%.Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking,Engagemorecloselywithyoursurroundings.Turnoffyourphoneandgiveyourselfthechancetohearconversationsandnaturalsounds,tonoticethewaypeoplemove,thewaythesunreflectsinapuddle.Walknotjustforexercise.Walkforwonder.6.WhydoestheauthormentionwhatthetwofamousmensaidinParagraph1?A.Toprovidebasicinformation.B.Toshowtheauthor'sattitude.C.Tointroducethetopic.DTopresentsomereasons.7.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword"catalyst"inParagraph4?A.Promoter. B.Cure. C.Hope. D.Must.8.Whatcanwelearnabout“Forestbathing”inJapanfromthepassage?A.Takingabathintheforestisrelaxingandmedicallybeneficial.B.Walkinginthewoodsisaneffectivewaytogetlighthearted.C.TheJapanesegovernmentencourageseveryonetolivenearaforest.D.Keepingawayfrommultimediaandtechnologycangreatlyimproveyourcreativity.9.Whatdoestheauthoradvisedoing?A.Settingafitnessgoal.B.Solvingproblemscreatively.C.Walkingforcreativity.D.Exploringnewpossibilities.10.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Benefitsofwalkinginnature.B.Secrettosuccessoffamousmen.C.Waysofbuildingupyourcreativity.D.Keystosteppingoutofthefortzone.【答案】6.C7.A8.B9.C10.A【解析】本文為說明文。短文主要介紹了在大自然散步的好處?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段中“Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess（弗里德里?！つ岵蓪懙溃骸爸挥袕纳⒉街蝎@得的想法才有價值?！蓖旭R斯·杰斐遜：“散步是最好的鍛煉。我完全同意這種習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個必要因素。）”作者引用兩位名人的話且接下來敘述了散步的好處，顯然目的是引入本文的話題，故選C。【7題詳解】猜測詞義題。定位到劃線句“Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems.”中詞“catalyst"的主語是walking，劃線詞是個名詞用來形容walking，后面跟的是對于新問題的認識。本句后面“Justbygoingoutside,youaresteppingoutofyourfamiliarsurroundingsandyourfortzone,…observepeoplehangingaroundorbirdssinging.Evenwhenyouwalkdownabusystreet,youcan'thelpbutnoticethesweetsmellsflowingfromafoodcartorthechildpointingtoabuildingyouhadn'tevenpaidattentiontobefore.(只要到外面去，你就走出了你熟悉的環(huán)境和你的舒適區(qū)，…觀察周圍的人或鳥兒唱歌。即使你走在一條繁忙的街道上，你也會情不自禁地注意到食物車里飄來的甜味，或者孩子指著一棟你以前根本沒注意過的建筑)”可知，后面的內(nèi)容就是你散步帶來的好處。由此可推斷出“Walkingcanbeacatalystforgainingfreshunderstandingofproblems”，是指“散步對于你獲得對新問題的新認識是推動劑，一個催化劑”。分析選項：A.Promoter促進劑，催化劑；B.Cure治愈，對策；C.Hope希望；D.Must絕對必要的事。分析選項可知，promoter符合語境。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。第五段"Forestbathing",isamonformofrelaxationandmedicineinJapan.RecentstudiesshowthatbeingintheforestTowersyourstresslevels.Theeffectsaresopowerfulthat"Forestbathing"isnowagovernmentprovedpolicyinJapan.,（“森林浴”是一種常見的放松方式，也是一種藥物。最近研究表明在森林里你的壓力水平。這種影響是如此強大，以至于“森林浴”如今已成為日本政府的一項政策，…）?？芍?，在日本，“森林浴”是一種常見的放松方式，也是非常有效的方法?？梢跃徑饩駢毫η冶徽J可。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段最后一句“Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess.（我完全同意這種散步習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個必要因素。）”。第三段中“Themovementaspectofwalkingisobviouskey.You'veprobablyheardthephraseexerciseyourcreativity,whichreferstothebrainasmuscle.Ourcreativemindset(思維模式）istriggeredbyphysicalmovement,whichisexactlywhywalkingwithyourdog,afriend,oralonehelpscreativethinking（散步的動作方面顯然很關(guān)鍵。你可能聽過“鍛煉你的創(chuàng)造力”這句話，它指的是大腦肌肉。我們的創(chuàng)造性思維是由身體運動觸發(fā)的，這正是為什么和你的狗，一個朋友一起散步，或者獨自一人有助于創(chuàng)造思考。）”最后一段“Soinsteadofsettingafitnessgoal,whynotsetacreativitygoalthatstartswithwalking（因此，與其設(shè)定一個健身目標，不如設(shè)定一個創(chuàng)意目標，從走路開始）”。綜合以上內(nèi)容可推斷，作者反復(fù)強調(diào)walk，且將其和創(chuàng)造相關(guān)聯(lián)，也就是作者倡導(dǎo)散步去思考去創(chuàng)造。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。本文第一段是主旨。第一段中Here'swhatFriedrichNietzschewrote:“Itisonlyideasgainedfromwalkingthathaveanyworth."ThomasJefferson:“Walkingisthebestpossibleexercise.Adaptyourselftowalkingveryfar."Itotallyagreethatthishabitisn'tahabitbutanecessaryfactorofcreativeprocess（弗里德里希·尼采寫道：“只有從散步中獲得的想法才有價值。”托馬斯·杰斐遜：“散步是最好的鍛煉。我完全同意這種習(xí)慣不是一種習(xí)慣，而是創(chuàng)造過程中的一個必要因素。）。作者引用兩位名人的話后，下文主要圍繞在大自然中散步的好處，散步除了健身之外的另一大好處，即會培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造力。由此可推斷出本文主要敘述了在大自然散步的好處。故選A。CSinceitwasfirstpublishedin1843,thenovella(短篇故事）AChristmasCarolbyCharlesDickenshasbeenlovedbymillionsofpeople,andperhapshasinspiredthemtolovemoreandgivemore.Ithasbeenadaptedfortheatre,televisionandfilm.DickensisknownasthebestauthoroftheVictoriantimeswritingonsocialissuesaffectinghistimes,suchaspoverty,childlabourandurbandevelopment,especiallyinLondonwherehelived.CharlesDickenswasnostrangerstopoverty.Hisfatherhadbeenthrowninprisonfordebtin1824,andhehadbeenremovedfromschoolandputtoworkasthesecondoldestchildofeightchildren.Only12yearsoldandnolongerabletoattendschool,hespenthistimeputtinglabelsonpotsofblackpolish.①Howlonelyandworthlesshefeltthere!Allhishopesanddreamsofmakingsomethingofhislifewereended.Itseemednotanadultintheworldcaredforhishopesorhisabilities,notevenhisownparents.Hewondered"howhecouldbesoeasilythrownawayatsuchayoungage"②Dickens'fatherwassetfreefromprisonafterayear,andDickenswasputbackintoschoolforthreeyearsuntilhehadtoleaveagaintoworkasanofficeboy.Eventually,hestartedwritingstoriesforthepapers.Withmoneyinginandthenchildren,Charleshadtakenamortgage(抵押貸款）onabighouse.Hisnextnovelwasnotaswellreceivedandhisfuturepaymentswerecut.Charlesneededtomakemoneyandheneededtomakeitfast.Criticism(批評）ofhisnewnovelhurthisconfidence;itisnoteasytowritewhenyouaredownandstruggling.Heneedednewideasandinspiration,buthewasrunningoutoftime.③Ashewalkedthestreetsafterdark,throughwhathecalledthe“blackstreets”ofLondon,heagainsawthepoor,whohadlittlefoodorwarmthinthecoldweather,andthecloseduphouses,likethedoorsoftheheartsofmanywhodonotwanttoloveandgive.④HehappenedtofindtheideaofaChristmasstorythatcouldshowthisandwarmtheheartsofthepoorandopentheheartsoftheselfish.Heneededtowritefastandthatisprobablywhyweonlyhaveanovella,butanovellawasenoughtosharehisstory.Hefilledthestorywithcharacterandsceneswhichhehadalreadywrittenaboutinhisotherstories,Scrooge,themaincharacter,isaselfishselfcentredmanwhohatesChristmasthetineofgiving.Hislatebusinesspartner,alsoagreedyman,esbackfromthedeadasaghosttowarnScrooge.YouwillneedtoreadthestoryyourselftoseehowScroogefinallychangeshisways.TheplantorescuehimselffinanciallyalsorescuedDickensemotionally.AshewroteaboutChristmasandthewonderfultimeofgiftgiving,familygathering,carolsingingandfeastsharing,hisownheartwascheeredandherememberedthosethingsthatreallymatteredtohimHelovedwritingthebookandproducedaspecialstory,whichisstilllovedaroundtheworld.NewinspirationandfreshconfidencesetDickensonanewpathtosuccess.11.WhatdifficultieswasDickensfacedwithwhenwritingAChristmasCarol?A.Lackoftimeandeducation.B.Lackofloveandconfidence.C.LackofpatienceandideasDLackofinspirationandconfidence.12.Whereshouldthesentence“Itwastheloneliesttimeofhislife.”beputinthepassage？A.① B.② C.③ D.④13.WhatcanbeinferredaboutAChristmasCarolfromthepassage?A.Dickensgothisinspirationbyvisitinghepoorpeopleonthe"blackstreet".B.Itisimpossibleforthereaderstoknowthecharactersbeforereadingthebook.C.Scroogebeesagenerousandkindmanintheend.D.Thebookisonlymeanttocriticizetheselfishnessoftherich.14.WhyisAChristmasCarolsuchanimportantworkaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Itisverypopularamongreaders.B.ItservesasaturningpointinDickens'writingcareer.C.IthelpedDickensearnagreatdealofmoney.D.Itsthemeisaboutawonderfultimefullofloveandgiving.15.Whatisthepurposeofthisarticle?A.ToshowthegreatnessofCharlesDickens.B.ToremendsomegreatworksofCharlesDickens.C.TopresenthowpoorDickens'lifewas.D.TointroducethebookAChristmasCarol.【答案】11.D12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】本文為說明文。文章主要介紹了中篇小說《圣誕頌歌》的作者查爾斯·狄更斯及其寫作背景?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第五段“Hisnextnovelwasnotaswellreceivedandhisfuturepaymentswerecut.…Criticism(批評）ofhisnewnovelhurthisconfidence;itisnoteasytowritewhenyouaredownandstruggling.Heneedednewideasandinspiration,…（他的下一部小說的收視率不高，他未來的報酬也被削減了?！瓕λ男滦≌f的批評傷害了他的自信心；當你情緒低落和掙扎的時候，寫作是不容易的。他需要新的想法和靈感，…）”可知，由于他的下一部小說沒有那么受歡迎，他還受到了批判，這損害了他的自信，并且心情低落，導(dǎo)致他沒有什么新的想法和靈感，這些都阻礙了他創(chuàng)作這部小說。由此可知D項符合題意，故選D。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。題干中的“Itwastheloneliesttimeofhislife.”意思是“那是他這一生最孤獨的時刻”，通讀文章“Howlonelyandworthlesshefeltthere!Allhishopesanddreamsofmakingsomethingofhislifewereended.Itseemednotanadultintheworldcaredforhishopesorhisabilities,notevenhisownparents.Hewondered"howhecouldbesoeasilythrownawayatsuchayoungage"”可知，他在那里感到多么孤獨和無用啊!他所有想要有所作為的希望和夢想都破滅了。這世上似乎沒有一個成年人關(guān)心他的希望和能力，甚至他的父母也不關(guān)心。他不明白“他怎么這么小就被拋棄了”正好對應(yīng)文章②處前面，該段即是描述狄更斯不能上學(xué)后，進行枯燥的工作時他感受到的孤獨，lonely對應(yīng)loneliest，該段首尾呼應(yīng)，本句應(yīng)放在B處，故選B?！?3題詳解】推斷判斷題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Scrooge,themaincharacter,isaselfishselfcentredmanwhohatesChristmasthetineofgiving.Hislatebusinesspartner,alsoagreedyman,esbackfromthedeadasaghosttowarnScrooge.YouwillneedtoreadthestoryyourselftoseehowScroogefinallychangeshisways.主人公斯克魯奇是一個自私、自我為中心的人，他討厭圣誕節(jié)——贈送禮物的時刻。他已故的商業(yè)伙伴，也是一個貪婪的人，死后作為一個幽靈回來警告斯克魯奇。你需要自己去讀這個故事，看看斯克魯奇最終是如何改變自己的方式的。）”可知，《圣誕頌歌》這本書講述的是Scrooge，一個極度自私的人是如何改變自己的。再結(jié)合該段前面“HehappenedtofindtheideaofaChristmasstorythatcouldshowthisandwarmtheheartsofthepoorandopentheheartsoftheselfish…（他碰巧發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個《圣誕》故事的想法，可以顯示這一點，溫暖窮人的心，打開自私的心扉…）”可推斷出，這本書主旨大意是“溫暖窮人的心，打開自私者的心扉”，可以推斷出Scrooge最終成為了一個慷慨善良的人。故選C?！?4題詳解】推斷判斷題。由文章最后一段“TheplantorescuehimselffinanciallyalsorescuedDickensemotionally.AshewroteaboutChristmasandthewonderfultimeofgiftgiving,familygathering,carolsingingandfeastsharing,hisownheartwascheeredandherememberedthosethingsthatreallymatteredtohim...NewinspirationandfreshconfidencesetDickensonanewpathtosuccess.（在經(jīng)濟上自救的計劃也在情感上拯救了狄更斯。當他描寫圣誕節(jié)以及贈送禮物、家庭聚會、唱頌歌和分享盛宴的美好時光時，他的心受到了鼓舞，他想起了那些對他真正重要的事情?！碌撵`感和新的信心使狄更斯走上了一條通往成功的新道路。）”可知，《圣誕頌歌》這本書在許多方面拯救了狄更斯，他被這本書鼓舞，開創(chuàng)了一個新的創(chuàng)作之路，并且使他走向成功)”，由此推斷，這本書重要的原因在于它是狄更斯創(chuàng)作生涯的一個轉(zhuǎn)折點。故選B.【15題詳解】推理判斷題。由全文來看，文章重點描寫了狄更斯創(chuàng)作《圣誕頌歌》的背景，這本書的內(nèi)容、主旨和意義，《圣誕頌歌》這本書從始至終貫穿全文，所以作者的目地是為介紹這本書，故選D。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題：每小題分，滿分分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Sometimesweturntoothersforadviceonmajorcareerdecisions.Buttheymaydirectusinthewrongdirection.Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweturntoforadvice.___16___Ihavewatchedmanystudentsrelyontheirparentsandgrandparentsforguidance,forgettingthattheywereraisedinanagewhenitwasmontospendanentirecareerinoneorganization.___17___It’suncertainthattheywillknowwhat’srightforus.Advisorsoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective(視角).Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyouarewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarenotalone.___18___Thelessonhereisthatoneofthemosteffectivewaystogetbetteradviceistogiveit.Sureenoughresearchersfindthatourreasoningbeeswiserwhenwethinkaboutourproblemsfromathirdpersonprospective.Advisingothershelpsusmakebetterdecisions.Anditalsoleavesusmoremotivated(有動力的)tofollowthrough.Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedthatpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.___19___Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobeemoremotivated.Ifyouwanttogetbettercareeradvice,youcanstartbyreflectingonwhatyouwouldtellsomeoneelsewithasimilarquestion.Listentotheadviceyougivetoothers.It’susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.___20___A.Itoftenhappensbecausewehavemoredistancefromotherpeople’sproblemsthanourown.B.Buttheoppositewastrue.C.However,sometimeswemakedecisionsdependingonourselves.D.Weoftenlistentothewrongsources.E.Anditmightbethebestwaytomotivateyourself,too.F.Butitwaseasiersaidthandone.G.Whataboutgoingtopeoplewhoarequalifiedtogiveadvice?【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.B20.E【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了在重大職業(yè)決定上向他人尋求建議可能會把我們引向錯誤的方向并分析了原因，指出獲得更好的職業(yè)建議的方法是傾聽你給別人的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Whydoessomuchcareeradviceendupbeingmisguided?Theproblemmaystartwithwhoweturntoforadvice.

(為什么這么多的職業(yè)建議最終都被誤導(dǎo)了呢?問題可能從我們向誰征求意見開始。)”，可知該空前面提到職業(yè)建議誤導(dǎo)的原因，問題可能始于我們向誰尋求建議，這也許就是錯誤的來源，誰與后文的grandparentsandparents都是sources的具體所指。因此選項D“我們經(jīng)常聽錯誤的來源?！狈项}意。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Advisorsoftenfocustooheavilyontheirpersonalpreferencesandexperiencesratherthantakeourperspective(視角).(咨詢顧問們往往過于關(guān)注他們的個人喜好和經(jīng)歷，而不是我們的觀點。)”，該空是該段的起始句，空白處后面的意思是他們不知道什么對我們來說是正確的，建議者過于關(guān)注他們的瑣事和經(jīng)驗，而不是從我們的角度考慮，可以推測空白處是詢問向?qū)I(yè)的職業(yè)選擇建議者咨詢怎么樣，與上文向我們的親人尋求建議形成對照。因此選項G“去找那些有資格提供建議的人怎么樣?”符合題意。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Atsomepoint,youhaveprobablynoticedthatyouarewiserwhengivingadvicetoothersthanyouareinmakingdecisionsforyourself.Youarenotalone.

(在某種程度上，你可能已經(jīng)注意到，給別人建議比自己做決定更明智。并不只是你。)”，空白處的前面寫到你在給別人提建議時比自己做決定更重要，Youarenotalone對應(yīng)A項的Itoftenhappens，對別人的問題比自己的問題有更遠的距離對應(yīng)前面的話。因此選項A“它經(jīng)常發(fā)生，因為我們與別人的問題的距離比我們自己的問題的距離要遠。”符合題意。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“

Inoneexperiment,itwasexpectedthatpeopleweremoremotivatedwhenreceivingthangivingadvice.(在一項實驗中，人們在收到建議時比給予建議時更有動力。)”和下文“

Itwaspeoplewhogaveadvicewhobeemoremotivated.(提出建議的人會變得更有動力。)”，空白處前后形成一個對比，前面是人們當在收到建議比給予建議更有動力，后面是給予建議的人更有動力，前后對比，對應(yīng)B項的轉(zhuǎn)折詞But和theopposite。因此選項B“但事實正好相反?！狈项}意。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Listentotheadviceyougivetoothers.It’susuallytheadviceyouneedtotakeyourself.(傾聽你給別人的建議。這通常是你自己需要接受的建議。)”，空白處是該段的最后一句，對前文進行總結(jié)或者進一步闡述，前文意思是如果想得到更好的更大膽的建議，思考用類似的問題詢問別人，傾聽你給別人的建議，這通常是你要采納的建議，and對比進一步闡述，結(jié)合上一段，這也許也是激勵自己的最好方法。因此選項E“這也可能是激勵你自己的最好方法。”符合題意。故選E。第三部分語言知識運用（共四節(jié)，滿分55分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）請認真閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙／卡上將該項涂黑。Howmuchtherapy(治療）doesapersonneed?ThefirstdayIjoinedWayneStateMedicalSchool,theprincipal___21___me,saying,there'saseniorstudentwholosthis___22___inanaccident.Beforetheaccident,hewasoutgoing,___23___friendly.Withthefittingofhisartificialleg（假肢），hebecamelonely,___24___allofhisfriends.Pleasedon'tsaytheword'leg'inhispresence.”Isaid,"Okay,I'll___25___.”Asanewteacher,Iwasnotinahurry.Iwaiteduntilthestudents___26___me.It___27___threeweeks.ThenIselectedthreestudentsJerry,TomandJoe.Itoldthem,"I'mgoingtoplayajoke.Tomorrow,Jerry,yougotothefourth___28___holdingtheelevatorupthere.Tom,youstandattheheadofthestairwellandlookdownatthegroundfloor.AndJoe,youstayonthegroundfloor___29___theelevatorbuttonandplainingthatthecleaneriskeepingtheelevatorup____30____shecouldgethermops(拖把）down.Thenextmorningeverybodywasthereat7:30,____31____fortheelevator.Iacted____32____toseethemall.Wetalkedabouttheweather.ThenIsaid,“Whydon'tyoupresstheelevatorbutton,Joe?"Joesaid,"Thatstupid____33____iskeepingituponthefourthfloor."Stillfurtherchatting,Ibeganto____34____Joetopushtheelevatorbutton.Atfivetoeight,thelightwaslituponthesecondbegantofloor.I____35____thestudentwithanartificialleginonecorner,saying,"Letuscripples(跋子）walkupstairsand____36____theablebodiedtowaitfortheelevator.”Sowestartedclimbingupstairs,TomssawusandwavedatJerry.Jerry____37____theelevator,andtherestoftheclasscameuponit.Atheendofthehourthatstudentgothissocial____38____again.I,whowasalsoacripple,____39____himoutofthestatus(身份）ofacripple.Thatgavehima(n)____40____status.21.A.respected B.encouraged C.telephoned D.taught22.A.sense B.way C.wealth D.leg23.A.sometimes B.always C.never D.seldom24.A.helped B.hated C.lost D.forgot25.A.takeup B.takecare C.takeoff D.takeback26.A.keptawayfrom B.brokeawayfrom C.paidattentionto D.gotcloseto27.A.saved B.wasted C.took D.required28.A.floor B.class C.station D.building29.A.turning B.pressing C.repairing D.protecting30.A.while B.if C.though D.so