2021屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)47Unit24Society含解析北師大版

課時(shí)作業(yè)47Ⅰ.閱讀理解AAlmostnoneofushavethetimetoreadeverythingwe'dliketoread.Yetwelosecountlesshourstodailyactivitiesthatbringuslittlejoyliketakingbusesandwaitinginline.Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection?Foundedin2015,iReader,amicro-learningapponmobilephones,bringsthebiggestideasfrombest-sellingbooksthrough15-minuteaudio(音頻)andtext.Sofar,morethan3,000bookshavebeenincluded,rangingfrompsychologyandparentingtomanagementandeconomics,withnewtitlesaddedeveryday.iReaderispioneeringanewmethodofreading,withover9millionusersenjoyingthebenefitsalready.AccordingtothePewResearchCenter(PRC),theBritishreadjust4paperbooksayearandover25%haven'treadasinglepaperbookthisyear,butreadingisn'tdying.TherearenowmorewaysfortheBritishtoreadthaneverbefore,duetothewidespreaduseofe-booksandaudiobooks.ThebooksiniReaderarerewrittentoensureitiseasytorememberthemaincontent.Thewaythecontentiseditedhasbeenspecificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice.Besides,thecontentisrewrittenwithrelevantexamplesinreallife,whichmeansusersaremorelikelytorememberandapplywhatishelpfultothem.Co-founderofthisapp,declares,“iReadergivesyouthebiggestideasintheshortestpossibletime.Ittransformsgreatideasintolittlepacksyoucanlistentoorreadinjust15minutes.”本文是一篇說明文，介紹了2015年橫空出世的iReader。它是一款手機(jī)上的微學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序，正在開創(chuàng)一種新的閱讀方法。1．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointheunoccupiedtime?A．Readandthink. B．Writeandshare.C．Avoidtakingbuses. D．Bringjoytodailyroutines.答案：A解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection？”可知，作者建議利用空余的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)和思考。2．WhatcanweinferfromthePRCfindings?A．TheBritishbenefitalotfromreading.B．Readingmethodsaremoreimportantthanbefore.C．Digitaltechnologyistakingtheplaceofpaperbooks.D．NewformsofbooksarechangingthewaytheBritishread.答案：D解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句和第三句內(nèi)容可知，PRC的研究結(jié)果表明，新型的書籍如電子書籍和音頻書籍正在改變英國人的閱讀方式。3．HowdoesiReadermakethecontenteasytoremember?A．Bybringingfuntoit.B．Bymakingituseful.C．Byusingartisticdesigns.D．Bytakingusersasexamples.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句中的“specificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice”可知，iReader通過將閱讀內(nèi)容實(shí)用化的方式來使其容易記憶。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．iReaderPreventsReadingfromDyingB．iReaderUnitesWorldwideBook-loversC．iReader：TheBestNewAppCreationD．iReader：BigIdeasinSmallPackages答案：D解析：標(biāo)題判斷題。文章的最后一段通過該應(yīng)用程序的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人的總結(jié)，概括出本文的主旨，本文主要介紹了iReader正在開創(chuàng)的一種新的閱讀方法，即把眾多的想法轉(zhuǎn)換成可以在15分鐘內(nèi)聽或讀的內(nèi)容，能讓用戶在盡可能短的時(shí)間內(nèi)了解到最重要的想法。BWhenJenniferPowellheardherhusband,SethMarko,43,neededimmediateopen-heartsurgery(外科手術(shù)),sheimmediatelytookaction.First,shefoundapersontocarefortheir3-year-olddaughter,Josephine,soshecouldbeatthehospitalforherhusband's10-hoursurgery.ThenPowell'smindwenttotheir“secondkid”—theBookCatapult—thesmallindependentbookstorethecoupleownsandruns.Theironlyemployeehadthefluandwouldbeoutforatleastaweek.Powellclosedthestoretobewithherhusbandinthehospital.Shedidn'tknowforhowlong.HerclosefriendEhrig-BurresswaswatchingJosephine.ButEhrig-Burress,whorunsanotherbookstoreintown,wantedtohelpmore.“Wewereallsortofoverwhelmed(不知所措的)andinshock，”Ehrig-Burresssaid.HethoughthecouldhelpwiththeBookCatapult.Heworkedthereafewtimeswhenhisfriendsfirstopenedthestoreinlate2017.Hestillhadthekeys,andheknewhowtoworktheregister.Hecouldtrytokeepitafloat.“Ithink,I'llpretendthisismystorefortheweek，”Ehrig-Burresssaid.JulieSlavinsky,whoworksattheindependentbookstoreWarwick's,isalsooneofthevolunteerswhohelpedout.SheandMarkousedtoworktogetheratWarwick's.“Peopledon'tliketoaskforhelp.Youhavetosay,‘Hey,Ihaveafewhours.Doyouneedme？’”Slavinskysaid.SlavinskysaidalthoughtheBookCatapultis,strictlyspeaking,acompetitortoheremployer,shedoesn'tseethingsthatway.“Thebookworldisalittlebitdifferent，”shesaid.“Iseethisashelpingsomebodyinthecommunity.It'sthecommunitycomingtogether.”Powellsaidshecouldn'tofferenoughthankstoallthosewhohadhelpedherandherhusband.本文是記敘文。JenniferPowell的丈夫SethMarko需要立即進(jìn)行心臟直視手術(shù)，他們得到了別人的幫助。5．WhydidJenniferPowellwanttocloseherbookstore?A．Totakecareofherdaughter.B．Toattendtoherhusband.C．Toraisemoneyforherhusband.D．Tolookfornewemployees.答案：B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句“Powellclosedthestoretobewithherhusbandinthehospital”可知，Powell關(guān)閉書店是為了去醫(yī)院照顧生病的丈夫。故選B。6．WhathappenedtotheBookCatapultwhenSethMarkowasinthehospital?A．Itwasclosed.B．Itwasopenasusual.C．ItwassoldtoEhrig-Burress.D．Itwascontrolledbyhiscompetitor.答案：B解析：推理判斷題。本題要求考生結(jié)合相關(guān)信息進(jìn)行推理判斷。由第四段和第五段中Ehrig-Burress來幫忙打理書店可知，這個(gè)書店一直在營業(yè)，故選B。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“afloat”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Formal. B．Eye-catching.C．Different. D．Functioningnormally.答案：D解析：詞義猜測題。結(jié)合整個(gè)語境理解，Ehrig-Burress來幫忙打理書店，所以“Hecouldtrytokeepitafloat”意為他努力讓書店經(jīng)營下去，所以選D。afloatadj.意為“能維持下去”。8．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoadvocateinthisarticle?A．Oneshouldknowhowtobegrateful.B．Oneshouldoffertohelpthoseinneed.C．Oneshouldaskforhelpwhennecessary.D．Oneshouldgetonwellwithcompetitors.答案：B解析：主旨大意題。本題考查考生把握主題以及整體概括能力。本文通過講述Powell在她丈夫住院后得到別人幫助的事情，表達(dá)了人們應(yīng)該幫助困境中的人這一道理，故選B。Ⅱ.七選五MakeYourFitnessResolutionStickLastyear,themostcommonNewYear'sresolutionwasfitness-related.Astudyshowedthatroughly50millionAmericanspledged(發(fā)誓)toincreaseactivitiesandloseweight.__1__，successwashardtoachieve.Twomonthslater,only37percentofpeopleintheir20sand16percentoverage50hadkepttotheirnewfitnesshabit.__2__，thebenefitsofsuchachangeareclear.Thereisnoquestionthatexerciseplaysaroleinthepreventionandtreatmentofmanydiseases.Weeklyexerciseroutineshavebeenshowntoreduceratesofdepressionandanxiety,lessenriskofheartattacksandstrokes,andreducetheprevalenceofdiabetes.__3__.It'ssuggestedthat150minutesperweekofmoderateintensityexerciselikeswimming,or75minutesperweekofintenseexercise,likejogging,shouldbetheminimumamountofexerciseneededtoachievemaximummedicalbenefit.Often,thebestwaytoincreaseyourexerciseistoincorporate(包含)movementintoyoureverydaylife.Onaverage,urbancitizenswhogotoworkbybikeorpublictransportationarefitterthansuburbancitizenswhodrivetowork.Besides,takingthestairsinsteadoftheelevatoralsohelps.__4__.Whetheryouresolvetoworkoutatyourlocalgymthreetimesaweek,take10,000stepsadayorgiveyourdoganextrawalkeveryday,whatmattersmostisnotyourcommitmenttoexercisebutyourstickingtoit.__5__.A．WhiletheyhadgoodintentionsB．AlthoughbehaviorchangeistoughC．HoweverhardtheytrytomakeachangeD．ThereisalwaysonetypeofexercisethatyouarefondofE．SocommittosomethingyouloveandkeeptoyourfitnesshabitF．TheyaregoodwaystoincreasetheamountofyourmovementeverydayG．Thebestformofexerciseisthetypethatsomeonewillconsistentlyperform1．A解析：根據(jù)上文中的“roughly50millionAmericanspledged(發(fā)誓)toincreaseactivitiesandloseweight”可知，大約五千萬美國人發(fā)誓要增加運(yùn)動量和減肥；并結(jié)合空后的“successwashardtoachieve”(成功很難實(shí)現(xiàn))可知，A項(xiàng)“盡管他們的打算很好”承上啟下，符合語境。故選A。2．B解析：根據(jù)該空后的句子“thebenefitsofsuchachangeareclear”(這種改變的好處是很明顯的)中的“suchachange”及語境可知，B項(xiàng)與此處匹配。3．G解析：根據(jù)該段中的“150minutesperweekofmoderateintensityexercise”“75minutesperweekofintenseexercise”“theminimumamountofexercise”可知，本段的內(nèi)容是關(guān)于不同的鍛煉方式及每周的鍛煉時(shí)間的。故G項(xiàng)與此處匹配。4．F解析：根據(jù)本段第一句中的“thebestoyoureverydaylife”可知，本段講的是增加日常運(yùn)動量的方法；并結(jié)合空前的“gotoworkbybikeorpublictransportation”“takingthestairs”和“fitterthan”等可推知，這里應(yīng)是說明這些方法的好處。故F項(xiàng)與此處匹配。5．E解析：根據(jù)上文中的“whatmattersmostisnotyourcommitmenttoexercisebutyourstickingtoit”可知，這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是將鍛煉(計(jì)劃)付諸行動并堅(jiān)持下去的重要性。這與E項(xiàng)的表述相一致。故選E。Ⅲ.語法填空HoneybeepopulationsintheUnitedStates__1__(decrease)dramaticallyoverthedecades.Andanewstudysuggeststhatacertainkindofpesticidecouldbemakingthings__2__(bad)．Thenumberofhoneybeeshasn'tchangedmuchoverthepastfewyears,buttheoverallpicturedoesn'tlookgoodforaninsectthatplays__3__importantroleinourfoodsupply.Scientistsdon'tknowforsure__4__thisishappening.Pesticidesandparasites(寄生蟲)arethemostsuspectedreasons,accordingtoastudyrecentlypublishedinthescientificjournal.Onesuggeststhatneonicotinoids,typesofpesticidesthat__5__(use)aroundtheworld,areincrediblypoisonoustohoneybeesandotherinsects.Partofthereasonforthatisthatthesepesticidesappear__6__(stick)aroundintheenvironmentandstaydangerousforlongerperiodsoftime.Thoughthey'redeadlytoinsects,neonicotinoidsarenotconsidereddangeroustohumans.Anongoingchallenge__7__farmersisfindingwaystokeepotherinsectsawaywhilestill__8__(protect)bees.Pesticidesmaynotdiscriminatebetweentheinsectstheykill,thoughneonicotinoidsmakerssaytherisktobeesislowerwhentheyareusedproperly.TheUSDepartmentofAgriculturesaysit's__9__(likely)thatthere'sonemagic__10__(solve)totheproblem,butthereareanumberoforganizationstryingtohe