高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)-第二部分-知識(shí)運(yùn)用篇-專題3-完形填空市賽課公開(kāi)課一等獎(jiǎng)省名師獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

專題三完形填空知識(shí)利用篇第二部分1/40考綱導(dǎo)續(xù)完形填空不但要求考生含有扎實(shí)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，還要具備較高綜合了解和語(yǔ)言利用能力。文章體裁主要包含：1．記敘文；2.夾敘夾議；3.議論文；4.說(shuō)明文。2/40考情回顧應(yīng)試策略解題流程命題規(guī)律3/40近幾年高考(全國(guó)卷)完形填空考查情況以下：年份數(shù)量類別～，全國(guó)卷完形填空考點(diǎn)統(tǒng)計(jì)考點(diǎn)總計(jì)全國(guó)Ⅰ全國(guó)Ⅱ全國(guó)Ⅰ全國(guó)Ⅱ全國(guó)Ⅲ全國(guó)Ⅰ全國(guó)Ⅱ全國(guó)Ⅲ體裁記敘文夾敘夾議文記敘文夾敘夾議文記敘文記敘文記敘文記敘文4/40分布情況動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))667561191060形容詞3446443432副詞3313210013名詞/代詞7654748647介詞000200002連詞1030100055/401．選材特點(diǎn)高考完形填空以記敘文和夾敘夾議為主，說(shuō)明文、議論文考查較少。文章內(nèi)容多以記人、敘事為主，其主要話題包括勵(lì)志故事、人物傳記和新聞報(bào)道等。大都有主動(dòng)正面教育意義且含有些人物心理改變，提供正能量，給人以人生啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣和人生感悟。2．設(shè)空特點(diǎn)(1)完形填空首句普通不設(shè)空。經(jīng)過(guò)首句這一“窗口”，考生能夠確定文章話題、主題、背景、人物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、事件等，從而把握文章發(fā)展方向。6/40(2)以考查實(shí)詞為主。近幾年完形填空主要考查名詞、動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))、形容詞、副詞等實(shí)詞，兼顧連詞、介詞考查。(3)以語(yǔ)境分析為主。大部分題目需從上下文甚至全文角度考慮作出判斷，表達(dá)了“突出語(yǔ)篇”命題格調(diào)，要求考生依據(jù)語(yǔ)境從層次結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯關(guān)系角度選擇最正確答案。(4)表達(dá)關(guān)鍵語(yǔ)法和常識(shí)考查。個(gè)別題目要求考生對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)做出準(zhǔn)確判斷，有時(shí)還要借助常識(shí)和一些背景知識(shí)(如英語(yǔ)文化和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等)處理問(wèn)題。7/40(1)通讀全文，把握主旨。在速讀全文過(guò)程中要重視首句、首段信息，注意找出文章關(guān)鍵詞、中心詞、畫(huà)出一些代表人物和情節(jié)詞句，理清“情節(jié)線”和“情感線”，形成對(duì)整篇文章概貌了解。(2)上下求索，先易后難。完形填空設(shè)題通常分為句內(nèi)、句組和語(yǔ)篇三個(gè)層次，做題時(shí)先易后難，碰到?jīng)]有把握題目時(shí)，可暫時(shí)跳過(guò)空格，順著原來(lái)思緒推進(jìn)，等到大部分空格選出答案后，借助已補(bǔ)全信息，回頭掃除“最牛釘子戶”。(3)復(fù)讀全文，微調(diào)答案。做完題后，把填好短文通讀一遍，看看有沒(méi)有顯著語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤和邏輯沖突，必要時(shí)加以更正。8/409/40分類例析10/40 (·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam.Thatmeant____21____MillerKing,whowasthebest____22____atourschool.FootballseasonstartedinSeptemberandallsummerlongIworkedout.Icarriedmyfootballeverywherefor____23____.[解題思緒]依據(jù)首句，可知文章講述是作者想成為學(xué)校足球隊(duì)明星球員。圍繞該主題，才能確保答案正確。21．A.cheeringfor B．beatingoutC．relyingon D．stayingwith11/40解析：文章首句“WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam”提到，我13歲時(shí)唯一目標(biāo)就是成為學(xué)校足球隊(duì)明星。結(jié)合下文“MillerKing，whowasthebest”可推斷出MillerKing是我們學(xué)校最出眾足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員(player)，而實(shí)現(xiàn)我目標(biāo)就意味著打敗(beatingout)他。要打敗他就要練習(xí)(practice)。12/4022．A.coach B．studentC．teacher D．player解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。23．A.practice B．showC．comfort D．pleasure解析：依據(jù)上文“allsummerlongIworkedout”可知，此處表示我到哪里都帶著足球練習(xí)。嘗試解答：______________________21.B

22.D

23.A13/402．利用上下文暗示解題在做完形填空題時(shí)要有整體觀念，連貫性思維，要把每小題空白處含義與前后句聯(lián)絡(luò)起來(lái)，進(jìn)行合乎邏輯地推理。所謂上下文，可能是緊挨著兩句話，也可能是開(kāi)頭題目在尾段查找到信息；還可能是中間或最終試題從上下文查到信息，信息常見(jiàn)有詞、短語(yǔ)、句子，但有時(shí)是語(yǔ)境暗示。14/40 (·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis__41.searching__processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy____42____atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手語(yǔ))．Ineverfeltanurgeto____43____anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.The____44____languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)．LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy__45.(love)__forASL.42．A.progress B．experienceC．major D．opinion15/40解析：依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，作者發(fā)覺(jué)了把自己大學(xué)經(jīng)歷(experience)變得更美好東西。progress“進(jìn)步”；major“專業(yè)”；opinion“意見(jiàn)，想法，看法”。16/4043．A.choose B．readC．learn D．create解析：以前，作者從沒(méi)感覺(jué)到(自己)有學(xué)習(xí)(learn)任何手語(yǔ)強(qiáng)烈欲望。choose“選擇”；create“創(chuàng)造”。44．A.official B．foreignC．body D．spoken解析：依據(jù)上文中“Myentirefamilyishearing，andsoareallmyfriends”及下文中“l(fā)anguageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)”可知，口語(yǔ)對(duì)作者全部(社會(huì))交往來(lái)說(shuō)已經(jīng)足夠了。spokenlanguage“口語(yǔ)”符合語(yǔ)境。official“正式，官方”。嘗試解答：______________________42.B

43.C

44.D17/40 (·北京高考)AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis____50____.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕跡)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto____51____thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen'sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,____52____tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterfor....50．A.memory B．exitC．way

D．destination解析：結(jié)合上文“hugepilesofsnowblocked”和下文“Hehadtoleave...getaroundthem”可判斷應(yīng)選C，表示大堆雪把他道路阻斷了。18/4051．A.find

B．fix

C．pass

D．change解析：依據(jù)上文“l(fā)eavethetrail(雪橇痕跡)”可知，這里選A表示“找到”，指環(huán)境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕跡對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)是不可能。52．A.pretending B．tryingC．a(chǎn)sking D．learning解析：依據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里用trytodo表示“試圖做某事”，指Balto試圖嗅出其它狗氣味。嘗試解答：___________________50.C

51.A

52.B19/40 (·重慶高考)WhenAlicewassixteen，Iwastheonewhowantedtorunawayfromhome.Itwas____16____toseethechangescomingoverher.Sheskippedschool，andrefusedtocommunicate.Itriedbeingfirm，butitdidn't____17____.Isawadarkfutureformyoncesweetdaughter.16．A.pleasant B．painfulC．unwise D．inspiring解析：空前面一句說(shuō)作者想要離家出走，空后面詳細(xì)交代了作者想離家出走原因是16歲女兒逃學(xué)、不與人溝通，面對(duì)女兒這么改變母親當(dāng)然應(yīng)該是非常痛苦(painful)。pleasant令人愉快；unwise不明智；inspiring鼓舞人心。20/4017．A.remain B．matchC．a(chǎn)ppear D．work解析：it是指前文Itriedbeingfirm，此處意思是說(shuō)作者試著態(tài)度果斷些，不過(guò)無(wú)濟(jì)于事，此處work意為“有效”。remain保持；match匹配；appear出現(xiàn)。嘗試解答：_____________________16.B

17.D21/403．利用詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)解題詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)，不不過(guò)同一個(gè)詞，同義詞、反義詞、近義詞都可能成為這種類型題目標(biāo)解題關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，不過(guò)這些詞可能隱藏比較深；上文可能暗示下文答案，下文可能暗示上文答案，甚至上下文信息相隔較遠(yuǎn)，所以要注意集中尋找這些暗示信息。22/40 (·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis____41____processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmyexperienceatcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手語(yǔ))．41．A.searching B．planningC．natural D．formal23/40解析：同義復(fù)現(xiàn)題。依據(jù)上文中“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife”關(guān)鍵詞“explore”及下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指作者在大學(xué)經(jīng)過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)美式手語(yǔ)經(jīng)歷了探索(searching)過(guò)程。planning“計(jì)劃制訂”；natural“自然”；formal“正式”。嘗試解答：________41.A24/40 (·四川高考)ButLaineytookonelookatit，__43(rolled)__hereyes,andsaid,“Borrrring！”AuntDede,ateacher,hadreadthebooktoherstudents,andtheylovedit.__44(Even)__theyoungestchildrenintheclasswere__45(attracted)__bythestory.They__46(listened)__withgreatinterestandthen__47(enthusiastically)__joinedingrandconversationsaboutHarry'sadventures.“Howcanyousayit's____48____？Haveyoureadit?”askedAuntDede.48．A.amazing B．boringC．ridiculous D．conversations25/40解析：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)題。Lainey對(duì)哈利·波特故事不感興趣，且第一段中Lainey說(shuō)“Borrrring”也是提醒，所以此處用形容詞boring。嘗試解答：________48.B26/40 ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch__36(examined)__asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(傳染)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe__37(helpless)__ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.__38(However)__，theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's__39(harbor)__wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe____40____roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn'texistyet.27/4040．A.narrow B．snowyC．busy D．dirty解析：原詞原現(xiàn)題。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境和上文“fullofice”可知，這里說(shuō)是汽車和馬不能在被雪覆蓋道路上行進(jìn)，所以選B表示“被雪覆蓋”。嘗試解答：________40.B28/40 (·陜西高考)Iwas____27____todoit.Atagefive，thisdulltaskbroughtmesuch__28(joy)__.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetap__29(on)__andbrushthecombcarefully.SatisfiedthatI'ddoneagoodjob，IwouldhappilyreturnthecombtoDad.27．A.annoyed B．relievedC．a(chǎn)shamed D．pleased解析：近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)題。聯(lián)絡(luò)空后excitedly以及Satisfied可知，“我”很愿意干這個(gè)活兒，所以選pleased(高興)。annoyed生氣，relieved如釋重負(fù)，ashamed慚愧，均不符合語(yǔ)境。嘗試解答：________27.D29/40 (·北京高考)Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby____44____fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would__45(carry)__ittoNomeinarelay(接力)．TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.44．A.air B．railC．sea D．road解析：同義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)題。后文from＋the＋trainatNenana與該空復(fù)現(xiàn)。嘗試解答：________44.B30/404．利用行文邏輯解題邏輯關(guān)系語(yǔ)指表示各種邏輯意義連接成份，主要有：(1)詞(包含連詞、副詞和少數(shù)介詞)，如and，but，or，because，though，however，yet，therefore，otherwise，despite等。(2)短語(yǔ)，如inotherwords，inaddition，asaresult，onthecontrary，insteadof等。(3)分句和獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，如thatistosay，whatismore，generallyspeaking等。在解題時(shí)要充分利用這些邏輯關(guān)系語(yǔ)，找到與文中一些詞、短語(yǔ)有親密關(guān)系選項(xiàng)。31/40 (·四川高考)Laineyfinishedthirdgrade.Shehadgoodgradesandcouldread____41____gradelevel,butshedidnotliketoread.Onafamilycartrip,herAuntDedepulledoutacopyofHarry

Potter,asasurpriseforher____42____.ButLaineytookonelookatit,____43____hereyes,andsaid,“Borrrring！”41．A.within B．onC．to D．a(chǎn)bove解析：依據(jù)句中“Shehadgoodgrades”以及“butshedidnotliketoread”可知，Lainey閱讀能力已經(jīng)超出三年級(jí)水平了，但問(wèn)題是她不愿意閱讀。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處用介詞above，意為“(能力、水平等)高于，勝過(guò)”。32/4042．A.daughter B．nieceC．student D．friend解析：依據(jù)該句中關(guān)鍵信息“herAuntDede”可知，空格處用niece，意為“外甥女，侄女”。43．A.opened B．driedC．rolled D．shaded解析：rollone'seyes意為“翻白眼”，該短語(yǔ)符合語(yǔ)境，因?yàn)長(zhǎng)ainey不喜歡閱讀。嘗試解答：____________________41.D

42.B

43.C33/405．利用固定搭配，生活文化常識(shí)解題 (·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thisledtosome____26____experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams__27(better)__trained.Throughthefirsttwogames，her__28(team)__didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.26．A.painful B．strangeC．common D．practical解析：此題屬因果關(guān)系。結(jié)合上下文可知，她們周末反抗球隊(duì)是一些受過(guò)更加好訓(xùn)練強(qiáng)隊(duì)，所以這給她們帶來(lái)必定是一些痛苦(painful)經(jīng)歷。strange奇怪，common普通，practical實(shí)際，均與語(yǔ)境不符。嘗試解答：________26.A34/40 (·天津高考)Twoyearsago,whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer,shewantedto__18.join__outlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally____19____it.19．A.increased B．foundC．created D．made解析：依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處指女兒最終成功地加入了游泳隊(duì)。makeit表示“取得成功”，為固定使用方法。嘗試解答：________19.D35/40 (·天津高考)Oneagent____17____ahouseinparticular.Althoughherdescriptionsoundedwonderful,thepricewas____18____ourrange,sowedeclined.Butshekepturgingustohavealook__19(atleast)__.17.A．recommended B．decorate