適用于新高考新教材備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪總復(fù)習(xí)高考題型組合練Unit3Careersandskills課件牛津譯林版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

Unit3

CareersandskillsⅠⅡⅢⅣⅠ.閱讀理解A“Iknowwhentogoout,andwhentostayin.”,EnglishrockstarDavidBowieonceconfidentlysanginhishitsingle.Whenitcomestoconsumingfood,thedecisivenessclaimedbythesinger-songwriterishardtoachieve.Idisagreewiththestatementandargueit’sbettertoeatoutthantoorderhomedelivery.ⅠⅡⅢⅣTobeginwith,whensettingfootinarestaurant,we’reimmediatelygreetednotonlybyaserverreadytoseatus,butbyafloodofphysicalfeelings—theeyestakeintheinternaldecorationoftheplace,thenosebreathesinthepleasantsmellofexpertlyplatedfoodandtheearspickuponcompetingsoundsofcustomerchatterandattractivein-storemusic.Toeatoutistoexperienceanatmosphereuniquetoeachrestaurant.Somethingasspecialasthatsimplycan’tbereproducedbyorderinghomedelivery.Eatingoutis,withoutdoubt,themoreexcitingandthusbetterchoice.ⅠⅡⅢⅣEatingoutbecomesevenmoreappealingwhenstayinghomeprovestoopainful.Whetheritisbecauseweneedatemporaryfightfromourfamilyorthatwesimplywanttospendsomequalitytimeoutsidewithlovedones,goingoutforamealcanbeabreakfromthehardlabourofdomesticliving.Wecouldtakeitasanopportunityforself-care—totreatourselvesbydressingup,arrivinginstyleatafancyrestaurantandorderingaslightlymoreluxuriousmealtorefreshourwearysoul.Orderinghomedeliverywouldonlycontributetofeelingsofbeingpennedinwhileeatingoutisanescapeforthetrappedindividual.Fooddeliveryappusersreasonit’satroubleandlessconvenienttodressupandeatout.ⅠⅡⅢⅣHowever,it’sworthnotingwemaynotalwaysgetourfoodinthemostsatisfactoryconditionwhenoptingforhomedelivery.There’sariskofreceivingfoodorderswithmissingitemsorevenentirelywrongordersthatcan’tbesentback.Whatwesacrificeforconveniencemightjustwindupbeinginconvenient.Consequently,itmakesmoresensetoeatoutratherthanriskdisappointmentbyorderinghomedelivery.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。作者將“在外面吃飯”和“點(diǎn)外賣送到家”兩種就餐方式進(jìn)行了比較,告訴讀者“在外面吃飯”是更好的選擇。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ1.Whatdoestheauthormainlytalkabout?A.Diningoptions.

B.Cuisineculture.C.Consumptionlevel. D.Foodcategories.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“I

disagree

with

the

statement

and

argue

it’s

better

to

eat

out

than

to

order

home

delivery.”和最后一段中的“Consequently,it

makes

more

sense

to

eat

out

rather

than

risk

disappointment

by

ordering

home

delivery.”可知,作者在文章中把“在外面吃飯”和“點(diǎn)外賣送到家”兩種就餐方式進(jìn)行了比較,認(rèn)為在外就餐更有意義。由此可知,作者主要談?wù)摿擞貌瓦x擇問(wèn)題。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.Whatadvantageofeatingoutishighlightedinparagraph2?A.Qualityservice. B.Comfortandconvenience.C.Sensoryenjoyment.D.Areasonablemixofnutrition.√ⅠⅡⅢⅣ推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“To

begin

with,when

setting

foot

in

a

restaurant,we’re

immediately

greeted

not

only

by

a

server

ready

to

seat

us,but

by

a

flood

of

physical

feelings—the

eyes

take

in

the

internal

decoration

of

the

place,the

nose

breathes

in

the

pleasant

smell

of

expertly

plated

food

and

the

ears

pick

up

on

competing

sounds

of

customer

chatter

and

attractive

in-store

music.”可知,第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)了外出就餐可以讓眼睛、鼻子和耳朵等感官都獲得享受。由此可知,第二段強(qiáng)調(diào)了外出就餐的好處是可以獲得感官上的享受。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ3.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoforderinghomedelivery?A.It’squitepricy.B.Itmayletconsumersdown.C.Itmaycausefoodwaste.D.It’snotenvironmentally-friendly.√ⅠⅡⅢⅣ推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“There’s

a

risk

of

receiving

food

orders

with

missing

items

or

even

entirely

wrong

orders

that

can’t

be

sent

back.What

we

sacrifice

for

convenience

might

just

wind

up

being

inconvenient.Consequently,it

makes

more

sense

to

eat

out

rather

than

risk

disappointment

by

ordering

home

delivery.”可知,作者認(rèn)為點(diǎn)外賣面臨著物品丟失或訂單錯(cuò)誤的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),這會(huì)讓我們感到失望。由此可知,作者認(rèn)為點(diǎn)外賣送到家可能會(huì)讓消費(fèi)者失望。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Byprovidingexamples.B.Byfollowingspaceorder.C.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Byanalyzingmentalprocesses.√推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知,作者將“在外面吃飯”和“點(diǎn)外賣送到家”兩種就餐方式進(jìn)行了比較,告訴讀者“在外面吃飯”的好處。由此可知,文章是通過(guò)作比較而展開(kāi)的。ⅠⅡⅢⅣBAsanycatownerwilltellyou,talkingtoyourcatistotallynormal.Andeventhoughfeline(貓)friendsmayseemdistanttotheseadoringtalks,anewstudyinAnimal

Cognitionsuggeststheyarereallylistening.ResearchersinFranceexposedhousecatstorecordingsoftheirownerorastrangersayingphrasesincat-orhuman-directedspeech.Likebabytalk,cat-directedspeechistypicallyhigherpitchedwithshort,repetitivephrases.Theteamfoundthatfelinestendedtoreacttotheirownerspeakingincat-directedspeech—butnottotheirownerspeakinginadulttonesortoastrangerusingeitheradult-orcat-directedspeech.ⅠⅡⅢⅣPreviousresearchhadshownsimilarfindingsindogs,butmuchlessisknownwhenitcomestocats.“Somepeoplestillconsidercatsindependent—youcannothavearealrelationshipwithcats,”saysleadstudyauthorCharlotteMouzon,acatbehavioristattheUniversityofParisNanterre.Somepeoplemightbeembarrassedaboutusingspecialvocalizationsforcats,shesays,butthisresearchshows“peopleshouldn’tbeashamed”.ⅠⅡⅢⅣMouzonandherteamrecorded16catownerssayingsuchas“Doyouwanttoplay?”or“Doyouwantatreat?”incat-andhuman-directedspeech.Thentheyfilmedeachcatbefore,duringandafterplayingitaseriesofrecordingsofitsownerandotherowners’speech.Theresearchersusedsoftwaretoratethecats’reactionsfrommultipledimensions,makingtheresultmoreconvincing.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Althoughcatshaveareputationforignoringtheirowners,agrowingbodyofresearchindicatesthatcatspaycloseattentiontohumans,”saysKristynVitale,acatbehaviorscientistatUnityCollegeinMaine,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Catscanlearnthatspecificspeechhascertainmeanings.”Butshenotesthestudyistoosmallandthatfutureworkisneededtoexpandtheresearchtoothercatpopulations.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)法國(guó)研究認(rèn)為和寵物貓用特殊語(yǔ)調(diào)說(shuō)話是有效的,會(huì)受到寵物貓的關(guān)注。以往研究只在狗身上展示出類似結(jié)果,這是首次在貓身上進(jìn)行,具有里程碑意義,并需要進(jìn)一步從其他角度進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ5.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatdohousecatsrespondobviouslyto?A.Theowner’scat-directedtone.B.Astranger’shuman-directedtalks.C.Astranger’scat-directedrecordings.D.Theowner’shuman-directedspeech.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“The

team

found

that

felines

tended

to

react

to

their

owner

speaking

in

cat-directed

speech—but

not

to

their

owner

speaking

in

adult

tones

or

to

a

stranger

using

either

adult-

or

cat-directed

speech.”可知,寵物貓明顯對(duì)主人的貓式語(yǔ)氣反應(yīng)明顯。故選A項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vocalizations”meaninparagraph3?A.Strategies.B.Trainings.C.Sounds.D.Rhymes.√詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Some

people

might

be

embarrassed

about

using

special

vocalizations

for

cats,she

says,but

this

research

shows‘people

shouldn’t

be

ashamed’.”可知,有些人可能會(huì)因?yàn)閷?duì)貓使用特殊的聲音而感到尷尬,畫線單詞的意思為“聲音”。故選C項(xiàng)。

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ7.WhatmakesMouzon’sfindingsmorereliable?A.Continuousfilmingofcats’responses.B.Comprehensiveanalysesbackedbysoftware.C.Multi-dimensionalevaluationsofcats’habits.D.Furtherreferencetopreviousstudiesondogs.√細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Then

they

filmed

each

cat

before,during

and

after

playing

it

a

series

of

recordings

of

its

owner

and

other

owners’

speech.The

researchers

used

software

to

rate

the

cats’

reactions

from

multiple

dimensions,making

the

result

more

convincing.”可知,該研究有計(jì)算機(jī)軟件支持,從多方面對(duì)貓的反應(yīng)進(jìn)行了綜合分析使得Mouzon的研究更加可靠。故選B項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ8.WhatisthelimitationofMouzon’sresearch?A.Lackofsampletypes.B.Absenceofowners’support.C.Absenceofscientifictools.D.Lackofexperts’involvement.√推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“But

she

notes

the

study

is

too

small

and

that

future

work

is

needed

to

expand

the

research

to

other

cat

populations.”可知,雖然試驗(yàn)對(duì)貓有一定參考意義,但未來(lái)的研究還需要拓寬樣本的數(shù)量和種類。故選A項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅡ.七選五Beinglateisatendencythatsomepeoplecannotseemtoshake.Manyfactorscontributetocontinuallateness,includingtimeperception,timemanagementandpersonality.Weallknowsomeonewhoneverseemstobeontime,whetherit’stoalunchdateoraworkmeeting.

1

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ“Itislikelythatthere’samechanisminthebrainthatcausessomepeopletobelateformeetingsbecausetheyunderestimatethetimeitwilltakethemtogetthere,”HugoSpiers,aprofessoratUniversityCollegeLondontoldLive

Science.

2

Researchsuggeststhatneuronsinthehippocampus(海馬體)actingas“timecells”contributetoourperceptionandmemoryofevents,butwhyexactlysomepeoplecontinuallyunderestimatetimeisunclear.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣOnefactormaybehowfamiliarwearewithaspace.Forthe2017study,

Spiersasked20studentswhohadnewlymovedtoLondontosketchamapoftheircollegedistrictandestimatetraveltimestodifferentdestinations.Thestudents’spaceestimatesexpandediftheyknewanareawell.

3

“Ifyou’reveryfamiliarwithaspace,youstarttodiscountthetroubleitwilltake,”Spierssaid.

Anotherenvironmentalfactormaybecrowdedness.Ina2022studyinthejournalVirtual

Reality,researchersaskedparticipantstoestimatethelengthofmoreorlesscrowdedsimulated(模擬的)subwaytrips.Theyfoundthatcrowdedcommutesfeltliketheytook10%longerthanlessbusyrides.

4

ⅠⅡⅢⅣ

5

Certaincharacterfeatures,suchasreducedconscientiousness(責(zé)任心),cancausesomepeopletoforgettasksthattheyhadplannedaheadoftime.

ⅠⅡⅢⅣA.Personalityalsoplaysaroleinrunninglate.B.Thatwaslinkedtoitbeinganunpleasantexperience.C.Wemaketimeestimatesbasedonhowurgentthetasksare.D.However,theirestimatesoftraveltimecontractedwithfamiliarity.E.Butisthereagoodexplanationforwhysomepeoplearealwayslate?F.Aregionofthebrain,calledhippocampus,processessomeaspectsoftime.G.That’sbecausepeoplewhorunlatetellthemselvesandotherstheycanbepunctual.ⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要分析了為什么有些人似乎從不準(zhǔn)時(shí),無(wú)論是午餐約會(huì)還是工作會(huì)議。1.E

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“We

all

know

someone

who

never

seems

to

be

on

time,whether

it’s

to

a

lunch

date

or

a

work

meeting.”可知,有些人從不準(zhǔn)時(shí)。而下一段開(kāi)始解釋人們?yōu)槭裁床粶?zhǔn)時(shí)。E項(xiàng)“But

is

there

a

good

explanation

for

why

some

people

are

always

late?”承上啟下,符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ2.F

根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Research

suggests

that

neurons

in

the

hippocampus

acting

as‘time

cells’contribute

to

our

perception

and

memory

of

events,but

why

exactly

some

people

continually

underestimate

time

is

unclear.”可知,空后解釋了海馬體的作用。F項(xiàng)“A

region

of

the

brain,called

hippocampus,processes

some

aspects

of

time.”提出海馬體這一概念,與空后內(nèi)容呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)。3.D

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“One

factor

may

be...”可知,如果學(xué)生對(duì)一個(gè)地區(qū)很了解,那么他對(duì)空間的估計(jì)也會(huì)擴(kuò)大。D項(xiàng)“However,their

estimates

of

travel

time

contracted

with

familiarity.”與上文內(nèi)容保持一致,指的是如果學(xué)生對(duì)一個(gè)地區(qū)很了解,那么他就會(huì)對(duì)自己去某個(gè)目的地花費(fèi)的時(shí)間做出不精準(zhǔn)的估算。故選D項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣ4.B

根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“In

a

2022

study...”可知,如果通勤擁擠那么參與者對(duì)于時(shí)間的估計(jì)就會(huì)長(zhǎng)些。B項(xiàng)

“That

was

linked

to

it

being

an

unpleasant

experience.”解釋了為什么如果通勤擁擠,參與者對(duì)于時(shí)間的估計(jì)就會(huì)長(zhǎng)些。故選B項(xiàng)。5.A

根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容“Certain

character

features,such

as

reduced

conscientiousness,can

cause

some

people

to

forget

tasks

that

they

had

planned

ahead

of

time.”可知,空后講述的是性格也會(huì)導(dǎo)致人們遲到。A項(xiàng)“Personality

also

plays

a

role

in

running

late.”與下文保持一致。故選A項(xiàng)。ⅠⅡⅢⅣⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空Asnightfell,thesummerheatfadedaway.OntheplaygroundofanelementaryschoolinZunyi,GuizhouProvince,nearly200childrenandteachers1.

(sit)ontheirstools(凳子)towatchthemovie1921,2.

givesanaccountofthefoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina.

Infrontofthemwasalargewhiteprojector(放映機(jī))screen3.

(tie)totwobamboopoles.Formostofthechildren,itwasthefirsttimeintheirlivesthatthey4.

(watch)amovieonsucha“giant”screen,asthereisnocinemainthevillage.

satwhichtiedhad

watchedⅠⅡⅢⅣXuLongsheng,a21-year-oldfromBeijingNormalUniversity,andfourof5.

(he)fellowstudentsworkedasprojectionists.Althoughthestoryissetagainstacomplexbackgroundcontainingmanyhistoricalfigures,

mostofthechildrenwerestill6.

(attract)toit,askingthecollegestudentsalotofquestions.

hisattractedⅠⅡⅢⅣTheeventispartofaproject,“TakingMoviestotheCountryside”,whichwas7.

(recent)launchedbyBeijingNormalUniversityandtheChinaFilmArchive.Theuniversityisscheduled8.

(send)12teamsofstudentsandteacherstoaround50ruralareas,withZunyibeingthefirststopandGanzhouinJiangxiProvinceasthenextdestination.Theprojectaimstoimproveaesthetic(美學(xué)的)education9.

ruralareas,aswellasprovidingthestudentsmajoringineducationwith10.

opportunitytogetatasteoftheirfuturecareer.

recentlyto

sendinanⅠⅡⅢⅣ【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了由北京師范大學(xué)和中國(guó)電影資料館聯(lián)合發(fā)起并主辦的“電影下鄉(xiāng)”項(xiàng)目,該項(xiàng)目旨在改善農(nóng)村地區(qū)的審美教育,并為教育專業(yè)的學(xué)生提供一個(gè)體驗(yàn)未來(lái)職業(yè)的機(jī)會(huì)。1.sat

考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故填sat。2.which

考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞是the

movie

1921,關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which。3.tied

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞tie和screen之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ),故填tied。4.had

watch