譯林版高中英語選擇性必修第四冊(cè)UNIT2教學(xué)知識(shí)細(xì)解碼學(xué)案

1．reactvi.(對(duì)……)作出反應(yīng)；有不良反應(yīng)，過敏；起化學(xué)反應(yīng)→reactionn．反應(yīng)；反作用力2．competentadj.足以勝任的，有能力的，稱職的→competencen．能力，勝任；技能3．suitvt.滿足需要；相配，合身n．套裝，西裝，西服→suitableadj.合適的；適當(dāng)?shù)?．negotiatevi.&vt.談判；商定，達(dá)成(協(xié)議)→negotiationn．協(xié)商；談判5．clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂，闡明→clarificationn．闡明；澄清6．knowledgen．知識(shí)→knowledgeableadj.博學(xué)的，有見識(shí)的7．a(chǎn)pprovevi.&vt.贊成；批準(zhǔn)，通過(計(jì)劃、要求等)→approvaln．批準(zhǔn)；同意，贊成suitvt.滿足需要；相配，合身n．套裝，西裝，西服①Chooseacomputertosuityourparticularneeds. vt.滿足需要②Bluesuitsyou.Youshouldwearitmoreoften. vt.相配③Theconsultantswereagroupofmeninsharpsuits. n.套裝eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1)competentadj.足以勝任的，有能力的，稱職的[例]Ihadalwaysconsideredmyselfastrong，competentwoman.一直以來，我始終認(rèn)為自己是個(gè)女強(qiáng)人。[知識(shí)拓展](1)becompetenttodosth. 能勝任做某事becompetentatdoingsth. 善于做某事(2)competencen. 能力；勝任；技能，本領(lǐng)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hiscompetence(competent)indealingwithdemandingproblemssurprisedme.②Sheisverycompetentatcommunicating(communicate).③Makesurethefirmiscompetenttocarry(carry)outthework.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)2)suitvt.滿足需要；相配，合身n．套裝，西裝，西服[例]Hecanbeveryhelpful，butonlywhenitsuitshim.有時(shí)候他非常樂意幫忙，不過那得是他覺得合適的時(shí)候。[知識(shí)拓展](1)suitsb. 適合某人suit...to... 使……適合……besuitedfor/to... 適合……(2)suitableadj. 合適的，適當(dāng)?shù)腷esuitableforsb./sth. 適合某人/某物besuitabletodosth. 適合做某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Heandhiswifearewellsuitedtoeachother.②Hetriedtosuithisperformancetotheaudience.③Theshowisnotsuitable(suit)forchildren.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)3)negotiatevi.&vt.談判；商定，達(dá)成(協(xié)議)[例]Wetriedtonegotiatealowerpricebuttheywouldn'tbudgeaninch.我們?cè)噲D把價(jià)還低一些，但他們寸步不讓。[知識(shí)拓展](1)negotiatewithsb.about/oversth. 與某人商議某事/談判某事negotiatesth.withsb. 通過與某人商議/談判解決某事；洽談(2)negotiationn. 協(xié)商；談判undernegotiation 在商談中innegotiationwith 和……協(xié)商中[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Thecompanyneedstonegotiatewithemployeesaboutchanginglaborcontractcontent.②Thedetailsofthecontractarestillundernegotiation.③Thetradeunionleaderwasinnegotiationwiththemanager.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)4)clarifyvt.使更清晰易懂，闡明[例]Thankyouforwritingandallowingmetoclarifythepresentposition.謝謝你的來信，并允許我闡明目前的立場(chǎng)。[知識(shí)拓展](1)clarifymatters 澄清真相clarifyone'sremarks 把話說清楚clarifyone'sstand/position 闡明某人的立場(chǎng)(2)clarificationn. 澄清[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/單句語法填空①Heclarifiedhisstand(闡明他的立場(chǎng))ontheissue.②Hewasaskedtomakesomefurtherclarification(clarify).eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)5)sympathyn．同情；贊同[例]Ihavenosympathy—youbroughtitallonyourself.我根本不同情你——這都怪你自己。[知識(shí)拓展]express/feel/havesympathyforsb. 對(duì)某人表示同情outofsympathyfor 出于對(duì)……的同情havenosympathywith 不同意(情)……insympathywith 支持……[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Ifeelgreatsympathyforhim.②Theseamenwentonstrikeinsympathywiththedockers.③Hedevotedhimselftocharityoutofsympathyforthepoor(出于對(duì)窮人的同情).eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)6)accountforsth.是……的說明(或原因)；(數(shù)量上、比例上)占[例]Computersaccountfor5%ofthecountry'scommercialelectricityconsumption.計(jì)算機(jī)占該國商業(yè)用電的5%。[知識(shí)拓展]accountvt. 認(rèn)為vi. 說明(原因等)，是……的原因； (指數(shù)量等)占n. 賬目；敘述，報(bào)道； 原因，理由；利潤(rùn)，利益onnoaccount 決不(置于句首用部分倒裝)onaccountof 因?yàn)?；由于oaccount(consideration) 把……考慮在內(nèi)keepanaccountof 記錄，記載[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/單句語法填空①Hehadtoleavehisbelovedbasketballteamonaccountofhisinjury(由于他的傷).②Youshouldtakethefactorofherageintoaccount.③Onnoaccountshouldthehousebeleftunlocked.eq\a\vs4\al(知識(shí)要點(diǎn)7)approvevi.&vt.贊成；批準(zhǔn)，通過(計(jì)劃、要求等)[例]Theministerapprovedthebuildingplans.部長(zhǎng)批準(zhǔn)了這個(gè)建筑計(jì)劃。[知識(shí)拓展](1)approvethereport/plan 批準(zhǔn)這份報(bào)告/計(jì)劃approveofsb.'sdoingsth. 同意某人做某事approveofsth./sb. 贊成某事/同意某人(2)approvaln. [U]批準(zhǔn)，認(rèn)可，贊同giveone'sapprovalto 批準(zhǔn)generalapproval 一致同意withapprovalof 經(jīng)過……的批準(zhǔn)subjecttosb.'sapproval 需得到某人的批準(zhǔn)[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Hedoesn'tapproveofmyleaving(leave)schoolthisyear.②Heshowedhisapproval(approve)bysmiling.③Theprimeministerhasgivenhisapprovaltotheplan.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式1)狀語從句的省略(教材原句P16)Whenspokenbyastranger，theycanfunctionasameansofattractingyourattention.當(dāng)陌生人說話時(shí)，它們可以作為吸引你注意力的一種手段。句式分析：本句中Whenspokenbyastranger是一個(gè)省略句，省略了theyare，完整句子是Whentheyarespokenbyastranger。[例1]While(Iwas)waiting，Iwasreadingsomemagazines.我一邊看雜志，一邊等。[例2]Though(theywere)tired，theywentonworking.雖然他們累了，但他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)工作。[知識(shí)拓展](1)如果狀語從句的主語和主句主語一致，且謂語出現(xiàn)be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可以把狀語從句中的主語和be動(dòng)詞省略。(2)在狀語從句中出現(xiàn)it和be動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候，可以把從句中的it和be動(dòng)詞省略。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Fillintheapplicationasinstructed(instruct).②Hedancedaboutasif(hewas)insearchofsomething(似乎在尋找什么).③Ifnecessary(必要的話)，theairshipcanstayuptherefordaystokeepoutofdanger.eq\a\vs4\al(重點(diǎn)句式2)notonly...butalso...(教材原句P16)Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependentnotonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.我們所交流的許多東西，不僅取決于我們使用的單詞，還取決于我們?nèi)绾问褂盟鼈?。句式分析：本句中的notonly...butalso...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“不但……而且……”，連接并列的原因狀語。[例1]Shenotonlyplayswell，butalsowritesmusic.她不僅演奏得很好，而且還會(huì)作曲。[例2]Wegotherenotonlyinwinter，butalsoinsummer.我們不僅冬天去那兒，而且夏天也去。[知識(shí)拓展](1)在notonly...butalso結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)原則上與其相近的主語保持一致。(2)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可將notonly置于句首，此時(shí)其后的句子通常要用部分倒裝的形式。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacheris(be)enjoyingthefilm.②Notonlydotheyneedclothing，buttheyarealsoshortofwater.1．Dependingonwhetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco-worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.[分析]本句中的dependingon...是動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語在句中作狀語，whether引導(dǎo)賓語從句；which引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作decide的賓語。[譯文]根據(jù)你是否正在與陌生人、朋友、家人或同事溝通，你需要決定哪一個(gè)溝通渠道最適合這種情況。2．Youmaynotapproveoftheirideasbutatleastyouwillseewheretheyarecomingfrom，whichmeansyoucanmakeadjustmentstoyourowntoneandchoiceofwordsaccordingly.[分析]where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作see的賓語；which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)句子。[譯文]你可能不贊成他們的想法，但至少你會(huì)明白這些想法從何而來，這意味著你可以相應(yīng)地調(diào)整自己的語氣和措辭。教材高考1.Dependingonwhetheryouarecommunicatingwithastranger，friend，familymemberorco-worker，youwillneedtodecidewhichcommunicationchannelbestsuitsthesituation.(2020·江蘇卷)Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation，you'llfindprobablyasolutionthatsuitseveryone.2.Onlywhenyougiveseriousconsiderationtotheirpointsofviewwillyoubeabletoseewhataccountsfortheiremotionsandempathizewiththem.(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).3.Muchofwhatwecommunicateisdependentnotonlyonthewordsweuse，butalsoonhowweusethem.(2020·江蘇卷)There，henotonlydidwellasastudentbutalsobecameanaccomplishedpublicspeaker.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherloves(love)theirschoolverymuch.2．Theexhibitionismoreinterestingthanexpected(expect).3．Foramoment，ArnoldwasfullofsympathyforMrWilson.4．Thearticleisreadytobepublished，subjecttoyourapproval(approve).5．Chinaaccountsfor70percentofglobalsilkproduction.6．MrWinchesterisimpressivelyknowledgeable(knowledge)aboutallmannerofthings.7．Heaskedforclarification(clarify)ofthegovernment'sposition.8．Wenegotiatedwithhimtobuyoneofthesketches.9．Wouldnowbeasuitable(suit)momenttodiscussmyreport?10．Someyoungteachersarenotsocompetentattheirteaching.Ⅱ.短語填空inresponse；referto；approveof；putyourselfinone'sshoes；accountfor；negotiatewith1．Idon'tapproveofviolenceinanyshapeorform.2．Itisnotclearwhetherthepresidentiswillingtonegotiatewiththedemocrats.3．Thesocialservicesaccountforalargepartofpublicspending.4．Thecountryslowedbutdidnotstopitsnuclearpolicyinresponse．5．Putyourselfinhisshoes—soastoseethingsthroughhiseyes.6．Imentionthispointnowinpassingandshallrefertoitagain.Ⅲ.課文語法填空Communicationistheprocessof1.exchanging(exchange)