2022年北京門頭溝高三一模英語試題和答案

2022北京門頭溝高三一模英語20223考生須知1．本試卷共頁，共分，考試時長分鐘。2．請將條形碼粘貼在答題卡相應(yīng)位置處。3．試卷所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。請使用鉛筆填涂，用黑色字跡簽字筆或鋼筆作答。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)小題；每小題分，共閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的ABCD四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Aweeksago,Ireceivedapackagecontainingseedsmyfriend.WhenIaskedherwhattheywould1into,asmilecrossedherface.“Justplantthemandbepatient.You’llseeforyourself2shesaid.Isowedtheseedsaflowerpot.Inthefirstfewdays,Iwasveryexcitedsearchfortheslightestsigns,but3happened.Withheavyloadsofhomework,Ibeganfeelsadand4.HowmuchIlongedforthecolormyfast-pacedlife.Iwateredtheplantsdryperiods.Oneighthday,mygreat5,alightgreensprouts（新芽）appeared.Bendingdownstudyingtheplants,Icouldalmosthearthemgrowing.Moredayspassed,theflowerpotsoonbecame6withcoriander（香菜）plants.Nowaretallerthantheedgeoftheconstantlyshakingtheirleavesgentlewind,astheyweremerrilysingingasongof7.Iamcertainthatafterafewmoredays,myplantswillbereadyfor8.Theseplantshaveplayedanimportantpart9myeverydaylife.Theymaynotamaindishonourtable,butusingwillsurelymakeourdishesdelicious.Letusallslowourpaceandpatient.Solongaswetakesetourheartsfree,andpatiencewill10uswiththepurepleasureofbeingalivethislovelyworld.1.A.growB.runC.lookD.breakD.regularlyD.nothingD.scaredD.anxietyD.piled2.A.immediately3.A.anything4.A.shocked5.A.surprise6.A.packed7.A.courage8.A.harvest9.A.picking10.A.impressB.finallyB.everythingB.disappointedB.pityC.quicklyC.somethingC.embarrassedC.shameB.linedC.crowdedC.interestC.sightsB.freedomB.lossD.reliefD.restB.endingB.assistC.brighteningC.surroundD.takingD.reward第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。AAhuntingdog,whobeenanexcellentonehisanddonegoodservice(hunt)awildpig,heseizedcreaturetheear,buthisteethgaveway.He12(force)letgohishold,andthepigescaped.Hismaster13(severe)scoldedhim.Buttheweakdogreplied:“Spareyouroldservant!RememberwhatIwasratherabusemeforwhatIam.”BAgroupdoctors,14beenspeciallytrainedskillsChinaoverthefouryears,providedmedicaltreatmentduringtheWinterOlympics.Inthefield,wasaccident,theskidoctorshadbeonthescenefourminutes15a10-kilomedicalbagandhaddealwiththeinjuriesandremovethe16(injure)athletefromtrackjust15minutes.CAhousewarmingpartyaspecialpartybewhensomeonebuysormovesintoanewapartmentorhouse.Thepersonwhoboughtormovedintothehousethewho(throw)theparty.Thepartyachanceforclosefriendsandfamilymembers18(congratulate)thepersononthehome.Italsogivespeopleachancesee19newhomelookslike.Andagoodtimefillthenewspacewithlove(present)hopefully.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題2分，共閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATipsonHowUseBodyLanguageInterviewsWhenwasthelasttimeyouwentaninterview?Howgo?Therearelotsofthingsrememberprepare.However,oneimportantthinkaboutyourbodylanguageascanreallyyougetthejob.Withagoodunderstandingofbodylanguageinterviews,youcancommunicatetherightmessages,andevenunderstandwhattheinterviewersayingorthinking.Herearesomeusefulthingsyouneedaboutbodylanguageinterviews.GreetingsWhengreetingtheinterviewer,smile,lookhimtheeyeandintroduceyourselfastrongandconfidentvoice.Also,rememberthatmostEnglish-speakingcountries(theUK,theUSA,Australia,Canada,etc.),afirmhandshakeseenasasignoftrust;andahandshakecouldmakeyouappearweakordisinterested.Expertsrecommendwaitingfortheinterviewerextendhishandfirst.Palms(手掌)Whenpossible,keepyourpalmsfacingupshowthatyou’reopen,trustworthyinterested.Researchhasshownthatwecan’tseetheotherperson’sopenpalms,wesubconsciouslybecomesuspiciousofthem.MirroringMirroringinvolvescopyingwhatsomeonedoeswiththeirbody.Forexample,theinterviewerplacesahandonleg,youshoulddothesame,butnottooobviously.Expertshaveshownthatmirroringsomeonemakehimlikeyou,oreventhinkthatyou’remorehonestandtrustworthy.However,becareful—theotherpersonknowsaboutthistechnique,hemightnoticeyoudoingSittingpositionWhensitting,youleanback,youcouldappearlazyorarrogant;andyouforwardtoomuch,youmightappearaggressive.Theidealposturesitwithyourbackstraightandyourshouldersbackabit,leaningveryslightly.Sitwithyourlegsslightlyaparttheimpressionofself-confidenceandtryangleyourkneesfeetsothey’repointingtowardstheinterviewer.21.Agoodunderstandingofbodylanguagecanyou______.A.succeedgettingthejobB.expressthecorrectmessagesC.knowmoreabouttheinterviewerD.performbetterthanotherinterviewees22.Whenbeinginterviewed,youshould______.A.extendyourhandfirstB.sitwithyourlegsapartC.keepyourpalmsfacingdownD.copywhattheinterviewerdoes23.WhichcolumnofamagazinethearticleprobablyA.Adventure.B.Entertainment.C.Life.D.Profile.BElvisPresleywasoneofthegreatestmusiciansrockrollhistorywhochangedwaypeopleenjoyedmusic.BornJanuary8,1935,Presleywasraisedbylovingworking-classparents.Hereceivedhisfirstguitarasagiftonhis11thbirthdayandhadhisfirsttasteofmusicalsuccessayearslaterwhenhewonatalentshowathishighschool.Aftergraduating1953,didanumberofjobswhilepursuinghismusicaldream.In1955,Presleybegandevelopafollowingforhisunusualmusicalstyleandgoodlooks.Thatsameyear,hesignedwithRCA.Afterthat,Presleywasonaroll,scoringwithhisfirstNo.1singleaswellhisfirstNo.1album,signingamoviecontract—all1956.Fromveryhumble(卑微的)beginnings,heintoofthebiggestnamesrockandPresleywashugelypopular,releasingalbumafteralbumofperfectlywrittenandperformedsongscreatingahugebodyofworkthatwastheenvyofanyoneduringtheera.HewasalsoabiginfluencetheCivilRightsMovementatthemomentwhenblackwasbecomingpopular.Hishome,Graceland,alsoalandmark.Afterhisdeath,countlessfansfromaroundworldvisitthefamousresidenceeveryyear.FigureslikePresleyhelpedcreatetheimageofthe“rockstar”asaculturaliconAmerica.themid-20thcentury,singersandmusicianssuperstarsduethewiderdistributionofmusicandthepost-wareconomicgrowth,whichledmuchmorefreeincomeforAmericanfamilies.Therebellious(叛逆的)rockstarsinspiredthemcreatetheirown,moreliberatedidentityoutsidetheculturalnorms準則)the1950s.ColorfulfigureslikePresleyinfluencedanentiregenerationofAmericans.24.WhatdoweaboutPresleyasayoungboy?A.Hehadagiftformusic.B.Hisfamilywasrich.C.Hereceivedaguitar1953.D.Hisfamilydidn’tsupporthisdream.25.WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseonarolParagraph2mean?A.Busywithwork.B.Successfulcareer.C.Attractivefans.D.Includedaranking26.WhatdidfigureslikePresleybringthe1950s?A.Alossofidentity.B.Thegrowthofeconomy.D.Achangesocialstatus.C.Achallengestandards.27.Whatthebestforthetext?A.RockandRollandItsOrigin.B.ElvisPresleyandHisInfluence.C.TheInfluentialFiguresRockandRoll.D.TheUpsDownsofElvisPresley’sLife.CFarmedfishshouldhavethesamelegalprotectionasotherfarmedanimals,accordingananimalwelfaregroup.TheConservativeAnimalWelfareFoundation,whichCarrieJohnsonasasupporter,saysfishdeservebetreatedwiththesamecareascows,pigs,sheepandotherlivestockbecausetheyexperiencestressandpain.Thefoundationfocusingimprovingfishwelfareduringslaughter(屠宰)becausethatwherethebiggestdifferencesprotectionlie.Slaughterhousesforlandanimalsarerequiredhaveaonandmusthaveclosed-circuittelevisionallareaswhereanimalsarehandled,stunnedkilled,withfootagestoredforindependentinspection.Suchlegalrequirementsdonotapplyfishslaughterfacilities,whicharenotsubjectroutinewelfareinspectionsbypublicbodies.TheUKindustry,whichup80millionfishayear,hasinsteadadoptedvoluntarycodesofpractice.AreportbythefoundationcitesevidenceofabusesoffishrevealedyearbyTimes.Astunningmachineatthefirm’splantatArnishontheIsleofLewismakethemunconsciousandworkersusedtheirfingerstearthegills(鰓)struggledkeepupwiththevolumeoffishwrigglingontheunit.Fishwerethrownkickedastheystruggledtheground2020atTestValleyTroutFarmingHampshire,whichsuppliedtheRitzHarrods.Fishconsideredunprofitableweredroppedthefloorandleftdie.Thecompanysaidthetreatmentofthefishwasunacceptableandoperatedunder“thestindustrystandardsavailable”.Thefoundation’sreportrefersthefindingsofthegovernment’sFarmAnimalWelfarecommittee,whichsaida2014opiniononfishwelfarethat“atleastsomespecies,includingtrout,haveasensoryexperienceofpain”aswellas“adegreeofsense”.StudieshavethatfishfeelpainandchangetheirbehaviouravoidInonestudy,goldfishweregivenelectricshockanofatankwheretheyreceivedfood.Theyavoidedthatareaforthreedaysbeforehungerovercametheirfear.ThefoundationreportstatesthattheUKgovernmentaquaticanimalsdismallyandcallsforunannouncedwelfareinspectionsoffishslaughterhousesandsaystheyshouldberequiredinstallclosed-circuittelevision,withfootagereviewedbypublicbodies.28.Whatcanweprovideforthefarmedfish?A.Comfortableplace.C.Enoughfood.B.Lesspain.D.Gentlelove.29.Asforthesituationoffarmedfish,thefoundation______.A.concernedB.puzzledC.surprisedD.scared30.What’sthepurposeofthisarticle?A.Toencouragepeopletreatfishkindly.B.revealtheevidenceofabusesoffish.C.appealfortheimprovementoffishwelfare.D.Toexplainhowfishexperiencepainduringslaughter.D“After30yearsofreadingcardiograms(心電圖),Icannevertellwhetherfromamanorwoman,ortheageoftheperson,”saidEricTopol,acardiologistfromScrippsResearchLaJolla,California.“Amachinecandetectapersonhasanaemia(貧血)orotherdifficultdiagnoses(診斷).”Topolexcitednotonlyhowmachinesarealreadybetterthanexpertsatspottingproblems,buttheydiscoverpatternsthatexpertswouldn’tevennotice.“InJapan,doctorsareusingmachinevisionpickpolyps(息肉)realtime,anddetectingwhetherornottheycouldcancerousandwhethertheyhaveabiopsy,”hesaid.“Machineswillnotreplacephysicians—butphysiciansmakinguseofAIwillsoonreplaceusingit.”Still,theseareearlydaysfortheapplicationofAIhealthcare.PearseKeane,aconsultantdoctoratMoorreldsEyeHospital,hasbeenleadingacollaborationbetweenMoorfieldsandGoogle’sDeepHealth.In2018,hefamouslypublishedaproof-of-conceptpaperNatureshowingtheerstsuccessfulAIdiagnosisforeyedisease.“Thealgorithmthatwe’vedevelopedisn’tclinicaluseattheminute,sowe’retryingimplementthisnow,”Keanesaid.KeanementionedtheINSIGHTstudy,whichlookingeyediseaseandlinkotherconditionssuchasdiabetes(糖尿病).“Weareusingtheeyeasawindowrestthebody.Withdeeplearning,wecannowlookataretinal(視網(wǎng)膜）photographandsay:‘Thisawoman,she’s58yearsold,she’snotasmokeroradiabetic,herBMIaround25,herbloodpressurearound150over85’.Now,me,staggering.”Keanesaid.TheINSIGHTstudyanalysingmorethanthreemillionOCTscansfromaround300,000patients.foreverypersonhavinghadaretinalscanhere,who’sgonedevelopaheartattackordiabetes,”he“Thereasonwhywe’reexcitedthatwethatwegettheappropriatedataseandlearndeeply,wefindmuchmorethebackoftheeyeaboutthehealthoftherestofthe.”“TheapplicationofAIforhealthcareandmedicineprecisionandaccuracy,that’snotall,”saidTopol.ThemostimportantaspectAIcanpromoteastrongerhumanconnectionbetweendoctorandpatient.“Wepatientssingledigitnumbersofminutes.Andnotenough,youneedthegiftoftime,whichAIgiveback,”he“Nextyearthiswillbethestandard,”hebelieves.“Ratherthandoctorsbeingclerks,willbemakingeyecontactwithpatients.There’snoalgorithmforempathy.That’sahumancharacteristicthatwehavedevelopandbackthewayusedbe.”31.AccordingTopol,machineshealthcare______.A.canpickpolypsB.willreplacedoctorsC.arealreadybetterthanD.candiscoverapatienthasdiseases32.Inparagraph4,Keanementionedaretinalphotographofapatientmainly______.A.evaluatetheeffectsofAIhealthcareB.introduceapatient’spersonalinformationC.explaindeeplearningdetectsdiseasesD.showpresentoutcomeofAI’sapplication33.Whatcanwefromthetwoparagraphs?A.AIhasbeenthestandardofadvancedhospitals.B.AIcanimprovetherelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients.C.Withdeeplearning,theresearcherscanfindthesecretsoftheeye.D.Doctorswillspendmoreonface-to-facecommunicationwithpatients.34.Whatdoesthispassagetalkabout?A.TheAI’sapplicationdiagnosis.B.SuccessfulAIdiagnosisforeyedisease.C.Thegreatclinicalprogressdeeplearning.D.TheimpactofAIpromotinghumanconnection.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Stareatablankwallinanyroom,andyouareunlikelytolearnmuchmorethanthepaintcolor.Butanewtechnologycaninconspicuouslyscanthesamesurfaceforshadowsandre?ections.35Buttheycanbegotbyonetoolandanalyzedtodeterminedetailsincludinghowmanypeopleareintheroom—andwhattheyaredoing.Thistoolcouldgatherinformationfromapartialviewofaspace.Itcanspyonactivityfromaroundacorner.36Aspeoplemovearoundaroom,theirbodiesblockaportionofanyavailablelighttocreatedelicateandindistinct“softshadows”onwalls.37Butthesefaint(微弱的)signalsareusuallydrownedoutbythemainsourceofenvironmentlight.“Ifweneglectwhateverweareobserving,youwouldjustbeleftwithcameranoise—andsignal,”saysPrafullSharma,agraduatestudentattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Sharmaandotherresearchersdidtheexperimentby?lmingawallinaroomasitsoccupantsmovedaroundandaveragingtheframesovertime.38Thentheteamfedthevideosintoamachine-learningmodeltoteachitwhichsoftshadowpatternsindicatedwhichbehavior.Theresultingsystemcanautomaticallyanalyzefootageofablankwallinanyroominrealtime,determiningthenumberofpeopleandtheiractions.39Itcanregisteronlygroupsizesandactivitiesforwhichithasbeentrained,anditrequiresahigh-resolutioncamera;astandarddigitalcameracreatestoomuchbackgroundnoise,andsmartphonecameraresultsareevenworse.A.Thetechnologythoughtadvanced.B.Thesecan’tbecaughtbythehumaneye.C.Theyrecordedvariousactivitiesofthepeopleintheroom.D.Brightlycoloredclothingcanevencastalightre?ectedglow.E.Italsocanmonitorsomeonewhoavoidsacamera’slineofsight.F.Thesystemconsideredauniquewonderfuldiscoverybycameraspecialists.G.Althoughthissystemcanfunctioninanyroom,itperformspoorlyindimlighting.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，第一節(jié)（共4小題；第、2分，第題3分，第43題5分，共閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。TipsforDealingwithSeasonalAffectiveDisorderSeasonalaffectivedisorder(SAD)atypeofdepressionthatsetsorstartsthewintermonths.Unlikeothertypesofdepression,mayimproveasspringcomeson.Itaperiodicrecurringdisorder—you’llfeeldepressedeverywinterandbeginfeelbettereachspring.SADdepressioncausedloweredlevelsofserotonin(血清素),themood-affectingbrainchemicalthatcausedbyseasonalchangesdaylight.Shorterdaysmayalsodisruptthebody’sbiologicalclock,whichupsetsthebalanceofmelatonin(褪黑激素thehormonewhichregulatesmoodsleeppatterns.Seasonalaffectivedisorderfarmorecommonnorthernclimates,wheredaysbeveryshortwinter.affectsmorewomenthanandmorelikelyoccurpeopleunderage40thanthoseolderthanthat.Althoughanyamountofoutdoorlightcanhelpraiseserotoninlevels,gettinglightthemorningseemsofferthemostbenefit.Iftheweatherpermits,takeawalk.Inyourhomeoroffice,sittingcloseawindowthatfacessouth.Replacinglightbulbsyourhomewithfullspectrumlightbulbscanbecausegiveoutlightsimilarsunlight.StudieshavethatincreasingyourexerciseroutinecancounteractSAD.Exerciseraiseslevelsofserotonin.Moderateexercise,whichmeansneithertoomuchnorexercise,suchaswalking,ridingastationarybikeorswimmingagreatwaygetstarted.Butactivitiesthatraiseyourheartrate,includingdailychores,canespeciallyyoucandooutdoorsornearasunnywindow.Yoga,joggingandTaichicanallhelpyourmood.Year-endpanicreferstheself-blameandoverallfeelingofpanicbroughtaboutbyapproachoftheyear’send,oftendueapoorfinancialyearandpressurefromworkandfamily.Psychologicalexpertssuggestthatweshouldavoidpeercompetition.Whileregrettingforthefailedplansthepastyear,youmakeresolutiondobettercomingyear.40.Accordingthepassage,whatSAD?41.WhoarelikelysufferfromSAD?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartofthefollowingstatementfalse,thenunderlineandexplainwhy.?fightagainstSAD,andpeopleshouldaamountofgetstarted.43.Seasonsbringnotonlydepressionbutalsohappiness.Whichseasoncheeryouup?Andwhy?(Inaboutwords)第二節(jié)（20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你校將舉辦科技節(jié)。請給你的英國朋友寫一封郵件，向他介紹活動情況，內(nèi)容包括：1.介紹科技節(jié)的相關(guān)信息（時間，活動內(nèi)容等）；2.邀請對方來參加。注意：1．詞數(shù)左右；2．開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。DearJim,Yours,LiHua參考答案2022.3第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共小題；每小題分，共1A6．C2．B7．B3D8A4．B9．C5A10D第二節(jié)語法填空（共小題；每小題分，共11.hunting14.who12.wasforced15.with13.severely16.injured19.what20.presents17.throws18.congratulate第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題2分，共21B26C31D22D27B32D23C28B33D24A29A34A25B30C第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共35B36E第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）37D38C39G第一節(jié)（、41題各2分，第42題3題540.ItSeasonalaffectivedisorder/Itatypeofdepressionsetsorstartsthewintermonths./Itatypeofdepressionsetsorstartsthewintermonths,andimproveasspringcomes41.Womenpeopleunderage40./SADaffectsmorewomenthanmenmorelikelyoccurpeopleunder40thanthoseolderthanthat./Peoplewithloweredlevelsofserotonin.42.IncreasingexerciseroutinecanfightagainstSAD,p