福建省三明市第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期8月月考（開學(xué)考）英語試題【含答案】

三明一中2023-2024學(xué)年第一學(xué)期開學(xué)考試高二英語試題本試卷共12頁，滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1、答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號和座位號填寫在答題卡上，將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。2、作答選擇題時，每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑;寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3、非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4、考生必須保持答題卡的整潔;考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whichanimalisinthefield?A.Acow.B.Ahorse.C.Asheep.2.Whogotapromotion?A.Liza.B.Emily.C.Henry.3.WhatdidTimdislikeabouthislastjob?A.Facingdangersontheroadtrips.B.Workingbyaverynoisygarage.C.Beingawayfromhomeforlong.4.Whycouldn’tthemanunderstandthewoman’saunt?A.Shespeaksinsignlanguage.B.Shespeakswithanoddaccent.C.Shespeaksadifferentlanguage.5.Whatshouldtheman’ssondoaccordingtothewoman?A.Spendmoretimestudying.B.Takepicturesofhisfriends.C.Becomeamemberofaclub.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A，B，C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀每個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whathappenedtotheboyinthebasketballmatch?A.Heinjuredhisleg.B.Hefailedtoscoretheball.C.Heleftthematchhalfway.7.Whywastheboydisappointed?A.Histeamlostthematch.B.Heperformedbadlyinthematch.C.Histeammatesdidn’ttreathimasahero.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.AtwhatpricewasTheScreamsold?A.82.5milliondollar.B.106.5milliondollars.C.119.9milliondollars.9.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthepaintings?A.Theircommercialvaluealwayschanges.B.They’rebecomingmorevaluablethanbefore.C.Theygetmuchappreciationfrompersonalcollectors.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至13四個小題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplaceprobably?A.Inashop.B.Onthephone.C.Inanapartment.11.Whatneedstobedealtwithfirst?A.Theswitch.B.Thefridge.C.Thewaterheater.12.What’swrongwiththegaswaterheater?A.Itcan’tbeused.B.Itssealisbroken.C.Itisoutofordersometimes.13.WhenwilltheAgencysendpeopletosolvetheproblems?A.NextTuesday.B.ThisTuesday.C.NextThursday.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17四個小題。14Whatdoesthemanthinkhisparentswillbuyhim?A.AT-shirt.B.Apairoftrainers.C.Apairofsunglasses.15.Whowenttopickupthespeakers’parents?A.Theirneighbor.B.Theirgrandpa.C.Theirgrandma.16.Whichroomwillthemanclean?A.Thebedrooms.B.Thebathroom.C.Thelivingroom.17.Whatwillthespeakershavetodointhekitchen?A.Cleanthefloor.B.Washthedishes.C.Fillthefridge.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.WhatpercentageofseniorsintheUKwouldtalkwiththreepeopleaweekatmost?A.Over20%.B.Just26%.C.About55%.19.Whatweremorethanhalfofseniorsafraidof?A.Leavingtheirhomes.B.Takingearlyretirement.C.Partingfromtheirchildren.20.Whatdidthesurveyof2,000Britishaged16-45show?A.One-thirdofthemwantedtohelpseniors.B.30%ofthemfelttooshytotalkwithseniors.C.Aminorityofthemworriedabouttheirelderyears.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFemalejournalistswhochangedtheworldHelenThomasHelenwasaWhiteHousereporterwhohadafrontrowseatofhistoryassheinterviewedtenAmericanpresidentsacrosshercareer.Shewaspraisedforhercrueldrive,withoneWhiteHousepresssecretarydescribingherquestioningastorture(拷問).Herrefusaltohideherstrongopinions,evenwhenaskingquestionstoapresident,madeheroneofthebest-knownjournalistsinWashingtonandaruleinherfield.MarieColvinThepassionateandaward-winningAmericanjournalistMarieColvinworkedasaforeignreporteratTheSundayTimesfrom1985untilshediedinFebruary2012,whilecoveringtheSiegeofHoms(霍姆斯的圍攻)inSyria.MariecrossedintoSyriaonthebackofamotorcycle,ignoringtheSyriangovernment’sattempttopreventforeignjournalistsfromenteringthecountry.MaryGarberIn1946,sportsjournalismwasaman'sjobwherefemalesportswritersweren'tallowedtoenterpressboxes.MaryGarberchangedthatbypavingthewayforfemalesportswriters.Shefirstcoveredhighschoolsportsandthenreportedoncollegeathletics.InJune2005,shebecamethefirstwomantoreceivetheAssociatedPressSportsEditors'RedSmithAward,presentedannuallysince1981formajorcontributionstosportsjournalism.AnnLeslieFewreportershavefiledstoriesfrommorethan70countries,butBritishjournalistAnnLeslieisconsideredauniqueforceinjournalism.Becausethe73-year-oldwomanhaswitnessedandreportedonsomeofthemostsignificanteventsofthelate20thcentury.ShewastherewhentheBerlinWallcamedown,andshelosthershoesinthecrushwaitingforNelsonMandela'srelease.1.WhatdoweknowaboutHelenfromParagraph1?A.ShemadefriendswithtenAmericanpresidents.B.Shelikedtomakeherstrongopinionsknown.C.Sheoftengotintotroubleduetoherquestions.D.ShewasregardedasthebestjournalistinAmerica.2.FromParagraph2wecaninferthatMarieColvin.A.wasaverybravewomanB.enjoyedridingamotorcycleC.wasawardedbytheSyriangovernmentD.waskilledbytheSyriangovernment3.Whoopensthedoorforwomensportsreporters?A.HelenThomas. B.MarieColvin. C.MaryGarber. D.AnnLeslie.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四位改變世界的女記者和她們的貢獻?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Herrefusaltohideherstrongopinions,evenwhenaskingquestionstoapresident,madeheroneofthebest-knownjournalistsinWashingtonandaruleinherfield”（她拒絕隱藏自己強烈的觀點，甚至在向總統(tǒng)提問時也不例外，這使她成為華盛頓最知名的記者之一，并成為她所在領(lǐng)域的一條規(guī)則）可知，海倫不隱藏自己的觀點，是華盛頓最有名的記者之一。故選B項。【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“MariecrossedintoSyriaonthebackofamotorcycle,ignoringtheSyriangovernment’sattempttopreventforeignjournalistsfromenteringthecountry”（瑪利不顧敘利亞政府阻止外國記者進入該國的企圖，騎著一輛摩托車進入敘利亞）可知，瑪利不管敘利亞政府的阻止，騎著一輛摩托車進入敘利亞。由此推知，瑪利非常勇敢。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“In1946,sportsjournalismwasaman'sjobwherefemalesportswritersweren'tallowedtoenterpressboxes.MaryGarberchangedthatbypavingthewayforfemalesportswriters.Shefirstcoveredhighschoolsportsandthenreportedoncollegeathletics”（1946年，體育新聞還是男性的工作，女性體育記者不允許進入記者席?，旣悺ぜ硬?MaryGarber)為女性體育記者鋪平了道路，從而改變了這種狀況。她首先報道了高中體育，然后報道了大學(xué)體育）可知，瑪麗·加伯打開了女體育記者的大門。故選C項。BWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個生態(tài)機器，利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來凈化污水?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個孩子的時候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往會變得清澈。長大后，約翰開始思考這個過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細菌？哪些魚類會食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？)”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(幾個星期后，約翰把污泥加了進去)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他對結(jié)果感到驚訝。生態(tài)機器里的動植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開始吃了起來！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水)”可知，約翰把污泥放進罐子里是為了測試生態(tài)機器。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(這些年來，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開發(fā)了一個類似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計了一種生態(tài)機器來清潔中國東南部城市福州的運河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.(你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式)”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A?！军c睛】CAlanMathisonTuringwasborninEnglandin1912.Likemanytalentswhogoontogreatthings,Turingshowedhisincredibleintelligencefromaveryyoungage.Infact,bythetimehewashalfwaythroughprimaryschool,Turing’steachershadalreadyrealizedhewasamathematicalgenius.Hecoulddocomplexcalculatinginhisheadeventhoughhehadneverbeentaughtaboutit.Fortunately,TuringwastheoppositeofHawking,andheabsolutelylovedschool.Proofofthisistheextremelengthshewouldgojusttogettoclass.Forexample,ononeoccasionwhentherewasatrainstrike,Turingevencycled60milestoattend.Nowthat’sdevotion!However,inspiteofTuring’sscholarlyattitudeandhisobviousgenius,histeachershadtheirconcernsabouthisfuture.Thisisbecausewell-knownschoolsinBritainliketheonesTuringattendedregardedtheClassics,suchasLatinandGreekasthemostimportant,notsubjectslikemathsandscience.Turing’sproudteachersevenwroteletterstohisparentsaskingthemtoconvincetheyoungmantofocusmoreontheClassics.ImaginehowdifferenttheworldmightbeiftheyoungTuringhadlistenedtohisteachers!Thankfully,hisloveforallthingsscientificandmathematicalmeanttherewasnochanceofthat.Afterfinishingsecondaryschool,TuringcompletedadegreeinmathematicsatKing’sCollegeCambridge,andthenobtainedhisPhDfromPrincetonUniversityintheUSA.ItwasduringtheseuniversityyearsthatheinventedtheTuringMachine,whichisconsideredbymanypeopletobetheearliestversionofacomputerprocessingunit.Itsoundsunbelievablethatanybodycouldhaveinventedsomethingwhichwassimilartoacomputerin1936.ButthatjustshowshowfaraheadofhistimeAlanTuringwas,evenwhenhewasstillayoungman.8.WhatcanbeinferredaboutTuringaccordingtoparagraphs1-2?A.HemaintainedinterestintheClassics.B.Herejectedattendingfamousschools.C.Heshowedastrongdesireforschooling.D.Heignoredparents’adviceoncourseselection.9.WhatdoesthewriterthinkoftheTuringMachine?A.Hearguesit’sstilllimitedinmanyfunctions.B.Hethinksit’sinfluentialincomputerhistory.C.Hedoubtsifitistrulyinventedbyayoungman.D.Heconsiderstheconstructionofsuchmachinesimpossible.10.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toindicatethelinkbetweengeniusandsuccess.B.ToillustratetheinventionoftheTuringMachine.C.Tostresstheimpactofteachers’guidanceonTuring’slife.D.TointroduceTuring’sgenius,scholarlyattitudeandachievement.11.WhatdoesTuring’sstorytellus?A.Nothinggreatwaseverachievedwithoutenthusiasm.B.Ordinarypeoplehope,whiletalentedpeoplecreate.C.Contentedwithlittle,yetwishingformore.D.Chancesfavorthemindsthatareprepared.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了英國的艾倫·馬西森·圖靈的天才，學(xué)術(shù)態(tài)度和成就。圖靈的故事告訴我們：沒有熱情成就不了偉業(yè)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Fortunately,TuringwastheoppositeofHawking,andheabsolutelylovedschool.Proofofthisistheextremelengthshewouldgojusttogettoclass.Forexample,ononeoccasionwhentherewasatrainstrike,Turingevencycled60milestoattend.Nowthat’sdevotion!”（幸運的是，圖靈和霍金截然相反，他非常熱愛學(xué)校。證明這一點的證據(jù)是，他為了去上課不惜付出極大的努力。例如，有一次火車罷工，圖靈甚至騎了60英里去參加。這是奉獻!）推知，他表現(xiàn)出上學(xué)的強烈愿望。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itsoundsunbelievablethatanybodycouldhaveinventedsomethingwhichwassimilartoacomputerin1936.ButthatjustshowshowfaraheadofhistimeAlanTuringwas,evenwhenhewasstillayoungman.”（在1936年，居然有人能發(fā)明出類似于計算機的東西，這聽起來令人難以置信。但這恰恰說明了艾倫·圖靈在他的時代是多么的超前，甚至在他還年輕的時候）推知，作者認(rèn)為這在計算機歷史上很有影響力。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其根據(jù)第一段“AlanMathisonTuringwasborninEnglandin1912.Likemanytalentswhogoontogreatthings,Turingshowedhisincredibleintelligencefromaveryyoungage.”（1912年，艾倫·馬西森·圖靈出生于英國。像許多有才華的人一樣，圖靈在很小的時候就顯示出了驚人的智慧）以及第三段“However,inspiteofTuring’sscholarlyattitudeandhisobviousgenius,”（然而，盡管圖靈的學(xué)術(shù)態(tài)度和他明顯的天才）以及最后一段“ItwasduringtheseuniversityyearsthatheinventedtheTuringMachine,whichisconsideredbymanypeopletobetheearliestversionofacomputerprocessingunit.”（正是在大學(xué)期間，他發(fā)明了圖靈機，這被許多人認(rèn)為是計算機處理單元的最早版本）可知，本文寫作目的是介紹圖靈的天才，學(xué)術(shù)態(tài)度和成就。故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Fortunately,TuringwastheoppositeofHawking,andheabsolutelylovedschool.Proofofthisistheextremelengthshewouldgojusttogettoclass.Forexample,ononeoccasionwhentherewasatrainstrike,Turingevencycled60milestoattend.Nowthat’sdevotion!”（幸運的是，圖靈和霍金截然相反，他非常熱愛學(xué)校。證明這一點的證據(jù)是，他為了去上課不惜付出極大的努力。例如，有一次火車罷工，圖靈甚至騎了60英里去參加。這是熱愛!）以及最后一段“Itsoundsunbelievablethatanybodycouldhaveinventedsomethingwhichwassimilartoacomputerin1936.ButthatjustshowshowfaraheadofhistimeAlanTuringwas,evenwhenhewasstillayoungman.”（在1936年，居然有人能發(fā)明出類似于計算機的東西，這聽起來令人難以置信。但這恰恰說明了艾倫·圖靈在他的時代是多么的超前，甚至在他還年輕的時候）可知，圖靈的故事告訴我們：沒有熱情成就不了偉業(yè)。故選A。DChatGPT,designedbyOpenAItocarryonconversationsjustlikehumans,hasbecomeaviralexcitement.TheAI-poweredtoolwentfromzerotoamillionusersinjustfivedays!Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromtheinternetandarchivedbooks.Itisfurthertrainedbyhumans.ThismakesChatGPTausefultoolforresearchingalmostanytopic.“Wehavealotofinformationontheinternet,butyounormallyhavetoGoogleit,thenreaditandthendosomethingwithit,”saysRicardo,chiefscienceofficerandco-founderofAIcompanyErudit.“Nowyou’llhavethisresourcethatcanprocessthewholeinternetandalloftheinformationitcontainsforyoutoansweryourquestion.”ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.Itdependsontheinformationthatithasbeentrainedon.Asaresult,theAItoolworkswellforthingsthathaveaccuratedataavailable.However,whenunsure,ChatGPTcangetcreativeandflowoutincorrectresponses.OpenAIcautionsuserstochecktheinformationnomatterhowlogicalitsounds.Also,ChatGPThasonlybeentrainedwithinformationtill2021.Hence,itcannotberelieduponforanythingthathappenedafterthat.ExpertsbelieveChatGPThaslimitlesspotentialtosolvereal-worldproblems.Itcantranslatelongtextsintodifferentlanguages,createcontentonalmostanytopic,andevensummarizebooks.However,ChatGPThasreceivedmixedreactionsfromeducators.Somebelieveitcouldserveasavaluabletooltohelpbuildliteracyskillsintheclassroom.Itcouldalsobeusedtoteachstudentsdifficultscienceormathconcepts.ButothereducatorsthinkChatGPTwillencouragestudentstocheat.Theyfearthiswillpreventthemfrombuildingcriticalthinkingandproblem-solvingskills.Asaresult,manydistrictsarestartingtobanitsuseinschools.12.WhatistheuniquefeatureofChatGPT?A.Ithasartificialintelligence. B.Itcananswerusers’questions.C.Ithasthelargestnumberofusers. D.Itcanengageinmeaningfulconversations.13.WhatmakesChatGPThelpfultoresearchvarioustopics?A.Itscapabilityofinformationprocessing. B.Itsaccurateinformation.C.Itsavailabilityofup-to-datedata. D.Itsvastbodyofquestions.14.WhydoChatGPTusershavetobecautiouswhenusingit?A.ChatGPTisunabletothinkitself. B.ChatGPTlackscreativity.C.ChatGPToffersillogicalinformation. D.ChatGPTisnotproperlytrained.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsChatGPT?A.Favorable. B.Disapproving. C.Objective. D.Intolerant.【答案】12.D13.A14.A15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了人工智能ChatGPT，介紹了其特點、存在的問題以及人們對ChatGPT的看法?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Itsabilitytoprovidein-depthanswerstouserquestionshasevendrawntheattentionofdistinguishedtechnologycompanies.(它對用戶問題提供深入解答的能力甚至引起了知名科技公司的注意)”以及第二段中“Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.(這個智能機器人能理解用戶所說或鍵入的內(nèi)容，然后以合理的方式做出回應(yīng))”可知，ChatGPT的獨特之處是它可以參與有意義的對話。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theintelligentrobotunderstandswhattheusersaysortypesandthenrespondsinawaythatmakessense.Itsvastbodyofknowledgehasbeengatheredfromtheinternetandarchivedbooks.Itisfurthertrainedbyhumans.ThismakesChatGPTausefultoolforresearchingalmostanytopic.(這個智能機器人能理解用戶所說或鍵入的內(nèi)容，然后以合理的方式做出回應(yīng)。它的大量知識來自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和存檔書籍。它由人類進一步訓(xùn)練。這使得ChatGPT成為研究幾乎任何主題的有用工具)”可知，信息處理能力使ChatGPT有助于研究各種主題。故選A?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.Itdependsontheinformationthatithasbeentrainedon.Asaresult,theAItoolworkswellforthingsthathaveaccuratedataavailable.However,whenunsure,ChatGPTcangetcreativeandflowoutincorrectresponses.OpenAIcautionsuserstochecktheinformationnomatterhowlogicalitsounds.Also,ChatGPThasonlybeentrainedwithinformationtill2021.(ChatGPT不能獨立思考。這取決于它所接受的訓(xùn)練信息。因此，人工智能工具可以很好地處理有準(zhǔn)確數(shù)據(jù)的事情。然而，當(dāng)不確定時，ChatGPT可能會變得有創(chuàng)意，并給出不正確的回答。OpenAI提醒用戶，無論這些信息聽起來多么符合邏輯，都要檢查。此外，ChatGPT的信息培訓(xùn)只進行到2021年)”可知，ChatGPT用戶在使用時必須謹(jǐn)慎因為ChatGPT本身無法思考。故選A。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ChatGPTcannotthinkonitsown.(ChatGPT不能獨立思考)”；第五段“ExpertsbelieveChatGPThaslimitlesspotentialtosolvereal-worldproblems.(專家認(rèn)為ChatGPT在解決現(xiàn)實問題方面具有無限潛力)”以及最后一段“However,ChatGPThasreceivedmixedreactionsfromeducators.(然而，教育工作者對ChatGPT的反應(yīng)不一)”可推知，作者主要列舉了其他人對ChatGPT的看法，沒有提到自己對ChatGPT的態(tài)度，故對ChatGPT是客觀態(tài)度。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。ResearchfromHarvardUniversity’sWyssInstitutehavemade“roboticshorts”thatcanhelppeopleuselessenergywhentheywalkorrun.____16____Amotorontheuser’sbackpullscablesconnectedtothelaps.Inthepast,suchdeviceshavefocusedonlyonhelpingpeoplewalkorrun,butnotboth,sincewalkingandrunningusedifferenthip(臀部)movements.Butacomputerontheshortscantellwhichwaytheuserismoving,____17____Theresearchersfoundthatthemainbenefitoftheshortswasreducingtheenergypeopleneededtowalkorrun.Intests,theenergyneededforwalkingwasreducedby9.3percent.____18____Lessenergywasneededbothonflatgroundandonhills.Theresearcherssaidthatwhiletheshortsweighabout5kilograms,movingwiththemmakesusersfeellighter.Thetestsshowedthatapersonwalkingwiththedevicewouldfeel4kilogramslighter,____19____Theteamnowalsowantstomakethedeviceitself40percentlighter.Theyhopetheshortscanhelppeopleindangerofinjuryatworkandthosewhowanttoimprovetheirphysicalperformance,____20____ConorWalsh,whohelpedleadthestudy,sayshehopessuchdeviceswillbeavailabletoeveryoneinthefuture.A.aswellasthosewithdisabilities.B.Areyoueagertopossesssuchkindofshorts?C.andsomeonerunningwouldfeel5.7kilogramslighter.D.Forrunning,peopleneededabout4percentlessenergy.E.butthoseexcellentathletesarealsoabletobenefitfromrunning.F.Theshortsaremadeofsoftmaterialandaredesignedtobeeasytomovein.G.allowingthedevicetoprovidetherightkindofassistanceforbothmovements.【答案】16.F17.G18.D19.C20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了哈佛大學(xué)威斯研究所的研究人員已經(jīng)制造出了“機器人短褲”，可以幫助人們在走路或跑步時消耗更少的能量。文章介紹了這種短褲的優(yōu)點和適用人群?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“ResearchfromHarvardUniversity’sWyssInstitutehavemade“roboticshorts”thatcanhelppeopleuselessenergywhentheywalkorrun.(哈佛大學(xué)威斯研究所的研究人員已經(jīng)制造出了“機器人短褲”，可以幫助人們在走路或跑步時消耗更少的能量)”以及后文“Amotorontheuser’sbackpullscablesconnectedtothelaps.(使用者背部的馬達拉動連接到圈上的電纜)”可知，本句主要承接上文，說明短褲的制作情況。故F選項“短褲是由柔軟的材料制成的，設(shè)計得很容易移動”符合語境，故選F。【17題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Inthepast,suchdeviceshavefocusedonlyonhelpingpeoplewalkorrun,butnotboth,sincewalkingandrunningusedifferenthip(臀部)movements.Butacomputerontheshortscantellwhichwaytheuserismoving(在過去，這種設(shè)備只專注于幫助人們走路或跑步，而不是同時幫助人們走路和跑步，因為走路和跑步使用不同的髖關(guān)節(jié)運動。但是短褲上的電腦可以判斷使用者的移動方向)”可知，上文提到過去這種設(shè)備不是同時幫助人們走路和跑步，結(jié)合but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明如今這種短褲可以為兩種運動提供適當(dāng)?shù)妮o助，故G選項“允許設(shè)備為兩種運動提供適當(dāng)?shù)妮o助”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theresearchersfoundthatthemainbenefitoftheshortswasreducingtheenergypeopleneededtowalkorrun.Intests,theenergyneededforwalkingwasreducedby9.3percent.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，短褲的主要好處是減少了人們走路或跑步所需的能量。在測試中，行走所需的能量減少了9.3%)”以及后文“Lessenergywasneededbothonflatgroundandonhills.(在平地和山上所需的能量都更少)”可知，短褲讓人們運動需要的能量更少，故D選項“對于跑步，人們需要的能量減少了4%”符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theresearcherssaidthatwhiletheshortsweighabout5kilograms,movingwiththemmakesusersfeellighter.Thetestsshowedthatapersonwalkingwiththedevicewouldfeel4kilogramslighter(研究人員表示，雖然短褲重約5公斤，但穿著它運動會讓使用者感覺更輕。測試表明，佩戴該設(shè)備行走的人會感覺輕了4公斤)”可知，本句為本段最后一句，故承接上文說明使用短褲的人感覺重量輕的情況，C選項中l(wèi)ighter對應(yīng)上文lighter。故C選項“跑步的人會感覺輕了5.7公斤”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Theyhopetheshortscanhelppeopleindangerofinjuryatworkandthosewhowanttoimprovetheirphysicalperformance(他們希望這種短褲可以幫助那些在工作中有受傷危險的人，以及那些想要提高身體表現(xiàn)的人)”以及后文“ConorWalsh,whohelpedleadthestudy,sayshehopessuchdeviceswillbeavailabletoeveryoneinthefuture.(幫助領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這項研究的康納·沃爾什表示，他希望未來每個人都能使用這種設(shè)備)”可知，上文提到短褲可以幫助那些在工作中有受傷危險的人，以及那些想要提高身體表現(xiàn)的人，故本句主要是在說明短褲的適用人群，故A選項“殘疾人也一樣”符合語境，故選A。第三部分：語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AteenagerfromNewYorkhasinventedalow-costtooltospotelephantpoachers(偷獵者)inrealtime.AnikaPuri,17,wonthe2022PeggyScrippsAwardforScienceCommunicationforhermodelofamachine-learning-drivensoftwarethat____21____movementpatternsinthermalinfrared(熱紅外線)videosofhumansandelephants.“I’mveryexcitedbythe____22____focusingonendangeredspeciesandenvironmentalscience,”Purisaid.DuringarecenttriptoIndia,Purirealizedthatelephantswerestillbeing____23____fortheirtusks.“Iwasquiteshocked.”Purisaid.“BecauseIalwaysthought.‘Well,poachingis____24____:howcomeitreallyisstillsuchabig____25____?”O(jiān)verthenexttwoyears,Puri____26____thesoftwareEISa(shortforelephantsavior).Thiswildlifepoacherdetectionsolutionisbasedona____27____process:anEISacameraattachedtoaniPhone____28____overaparkonadrone(無人機)and____29____themovementsofelephantsorhumans.Purisaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmore____30____thanexistingstate-of-the-artdetectionmethods.Italsoremovesthe____31____forexpensivehigh-resolution(高分辨率的)thermalcameras.The17-year-old’sinventionhasearned____32____fromnotablescientists.“Puri’ssoftwareisqutsadmirable”,saysJasperEikelboom,anecologist.“It’squite____33____thataseniorhighschoolstudenthasbeenableto____34____suchasolutionlikethis.Notonlytheresearchandtheanalysisbutalsobeingableto____35____itinthemodels.”21.A.changes B.repeats C.analyzes D.encounters22.A.theory B.invention C.intention D.discovery23.A.killed B.raised C.protected D.defeated24.A.common B.foolish C.typical D.illegal25.A.issue B.relief C.burden D.responsibility26.A.sold B.created C.obtained D.downloaded27.A.cheap B.secure C.simple D.gradual28.A.flies B.flows C.jumps D.spreads29.A.directs B.detects C.guides D.prevents30.A.costly B.complex C.accurate D.scientific31.A.need B.trouble C.difference D.preference32.A.income B.praise C.argument D.confidence33.A.crucial B.abnormal C.beneficial D.remarkable34.A.makeup B.takeup C.putupwith D.comeupwith35.A.hide B.absorb C.apply D.evaluate【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.B30.C31.A32.B33.D34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹了17歲的青少年AnikaPuri發(fā)明了軟件模型Elsa——一種低成本的可以實時發(fā)現(xiàn)大象偷獵者的工具?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：17歲的AnikaPuri因其機器學(xué)習(xí)驅(qū)動的軟件模型而獲得2022年佩吉·斯克里普斯科學(xué)傳播獎，該軟件可以分析人類和大象的熱紅外視頻中的運動模式。A.changes改變；B.repeats重復(fù)；C.analyzes分析；D.encounters遭遇。根據(jù)后文“movementpatternsinthermalinfraredvideosofhumansandelephants”指這種軟件通過分析人類和大象的熱紅外視頻中的運動模式來發(fā)現(xiàn)偷獵者。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“